Develop Reference

H2: JdbcSQLException: URL format error

I replaced a configuration which makes a connection to real database with another configuration that should make a connection to in-memory database. I want to use this configuration for integration testing. A simple test looks like this
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest
public class WebApplicationTests {
#Test
public void contextLoads() {}
}
New configuration in pom.xml
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>IntegrationTest</id>
<properties>
<datasource.url>jdbc:h2:mem:db_name_test;MODE=MSSQLServer;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;INIT=CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS db_name_test\\;SET SCHEMA db_name_test</datasource.url>
<datasource.username>sa</datasource.username>
<datasource.password></datasource.password>
</properties>
</profile>
<!-- other profiles omitted -->
</profiles>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<version>1.4.195</version>
</dependency>
<!-- some dependencies omitted -->
</dependencies>
These properties are injected in resource files and later picked up by Spring during context initialization. Data Source configuration in XML context looks like:
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="url" value="${datasource.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${datasource.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${datasource.password}"/>
</bean>
I use this command to build the project and perform testing:
mvn -T 1C clean integration-test -P IntegrationTest
The test which worked with previous configuration now throws the below exception.
Stacktrace
2018-03-13 13:36:04.627 ERROR 9076 --- [ main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener#cb6c1e9] to prepare test instance [com.WebApplicationTests#3d52aca]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124) ~[spring-test-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar:4.3.14.RELEASE]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'aService': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'ctSecurityUtils'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'ctSecurityUtils': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'arService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'arService': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:588) ~[spring-beans-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar:4.3.14.RELEASE]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'ctSecurityUtils': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'arService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'arService': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:588) ~[spring-beans-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar:4.3.14.RELEASE]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'arService': Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessBeforeInitialization(InitDestroyAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:137) ~[spring-beans-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar:4.3.14.RELEASE]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaSystemException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection; nested exception is org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:333) ~[spring-orm-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar:4.3.14.RELEASE]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: Unable to acquire JDBC Connection
at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:47) ~[hibernate-core-5.0.12.Final.jar:5.0.12.Final]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.apache.commons.dbcp.SQLNestedException: Cannot create PoolableConnectionFactory (URL format error; must be "jdbc:h2:{ {.|mem:}[name] | [file:]fileName | {tcp|ssl}:[//]server[:port][,server2[:port]]/name }[;key=value...]" but is "jdbc:h2:mem:db_name_test" [90046-196])
at org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource.createPoolableConnectionFactory(BasicDataSource.java:1549) ~[commons-dbcp-1.4.jar:1.4]
... some frames omitted
Caused by: org.h2.jdbc.JdbcSQLException: URL format error; must be "jdbc:h2:{ {.|mem:}[name] | [file:]fileName | {tcp|ssl}:[//]server[:port][,server2[:port]]/name }[;key=value...]" but is "jdbc:h2:mem:db_name_test" [90046-196]
at org.h2.message.DbException.getJdbcSQLException(DbException.java:345) ~[h2-1.4.196.jar:1.4.196]
... some frames omitted
How to fix it?

By the trial and error method I've found that this statement in the connection string is causing the error
\\;SET SCHEMA db_name_test
There's no JdbcSQLException: URL format error exception when it's removed. But I wanted to preserve an application behaviour so instead of deleting the statement I moved it into connectionInitSqls. Also I've specified driverClassName.
Updated Maven profile:
<profile>
<id>IntegrationTest</id>
<properties>
<datasource.driverClassName>org.h2.Driver</datasource.driverClassName>
<datasource.url>jdbc:h2:mem:db_name_test;MODE=MSSQLServer;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1;INIT=CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS db_name_test</datasource.url>
<datasource.connectionInitSqls>SET SCHEMA db_name_test</datasource.connectionInitSqls>
<datasource.username>sa</datasource.username>
<datasource.password></datasource.password>
</properties>
</profile>
Updated Data Source configuration in XML context:
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${datasource.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${datasource.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${datasource.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${datasource.password}"/>
<property name="connectionInitSqls" value="${datasource.connectionInitSqls}"/>
</bean>

Use Tomcat connection pool in JAR (shared conf from web app, spring configuration)

I have a few web applications deployed on Tomcat which all use the same database access configuration from Tomcat connection pool:
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean">
<property name="jndiName" value="java:comp/env/jdbc/postgres"/>
<property name="lookupOnStartup" value="true"/>
<property name="proxyInterface" value="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
</bean>
(web.xml in each project and context.xml in Tomcat are set properly, because everything works :)).
I would like to use this connection also with JAR files which run on the same server. In the JAR I also use Spring, but I get the following error if I use above dataSource definition in the code like this:
String[] springConfig = { "file:/var/pro/conf/data-access.xml"};
context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(springConfig);
I get the following error:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:247)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.jarinjarloader.JarRsrcLoader.main(JarRsrcLoader.java:56)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'dataSource' defined in URL [file:/var/pro/conf/data-access.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:610)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:932)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:479)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:139)
at org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.<init>(ClassPathXmlApplicationContext.java:93)
at com.proj.job.Start.<clinit>(Start.java:73)
... 3 more
Caused by: javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
at javax.naming.spi.NamingManager.getInitialContext(NamingManager.java:645)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.getDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:288)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.getURLOrDefaultInitCtx(InitialContext.java:325)
at javax.naming.InitialContext.lookup(InitialContext.java:392)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate$1.doInContext(JndiTemplate.java:154)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.execute(JndiTemplate.java:87)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:152)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate.lookup(JndiTemplate.java:178)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiLocatorSupport.lookup(JndiLocatorSupport.java:95)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectLocator.lookup(JndiObjectLocator.java:105)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectTargetSource.afterPropertiesSet(JndiObjectTargetSource.java:97)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean$JndiObjectProxyFactory.createJndiObjectProxy(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:285)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean$JndiObjectProxyFactory.access$000(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:274)
at org.springframework.jndi.JndiObjectFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(JndiObjectFactoryBean.java:177)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1541)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1479)
... 15 more

This code will not work if you run it outside Tomcat, that is from main. Tomcat provides initial context factory for JNDI.

Spring Dependency Injection from JAR

I have dao layer which is in project A and project B is application layer which uses project A as it's dependency
I can see the classes from project A and coded perfectly in project B using those classes.
Now I want to do JUnit testing
in A (MyTest.java)
#TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "transactionManager", defaultRollback = true)
#ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:reb/spring/persistenceContextTest.xml", "classpath*:rev/spring/modelContextTest.xml" })
public class MyTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {
#Autowired
protected HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
#Autowired
protected DAOImpl dao;
//CODE here
}
Everything is fine here. All properties are injected properly and no issues.
Now I need to test Application Layer {project b}
#ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:reb/spring/applicationContextTest.xml" })
public class MyAnotherTest extends AbstractTransactionalJUnit4SpringContextTests {
#Autowired
protected HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
#Autowired
protected DAOImpl dao;
}
and in applicationContextTest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" />
<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" />
<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" />
<import resource="classpath*:reb/spring/persistenceContextTest.xml" />
<import resource="classpath*:reb/spring/modelContextTest.xml" />
</beans>
but when I run the B test, Spring is unable to find the properties defined in project A.
How do i achieve this?
Update
I moved test xmls to Src folder so that maven recognize in Project B and indeed it recognized.
however I am getting below error still
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:308)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:220)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:301)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:303)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:49)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.ServletTransportFactory' defined in class path resource [META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml]: Error setting property values; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.PropertyBatchUpdateException; nested PropertyAccessExceptions (2) are:
PropertyAccessException 1: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'bus' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:/C:/Users/Public/CC_DATA/OSS_Mar-2013_SharedDev/OSS/Rosy/JComponents/Rebecca/Rebecca-access/target/classes/rebecca/spring/persistenceContextDump.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.cache.CacheException: net.sf.ehcache.CacheException: Error configuring from null. Initial cause was null
PropertyAccessException 2: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'transportIds' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:/C:/Users/Public/CC_DATA/OSS_Mar-2013_SharedDev/OSS/Rosy/JComponents/Rebecca/Rebecca-access/target/classes/rebecca/spring/persistenceContextDump.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.cache.CacheException: net.sf.ehcache.CacheException: Error configuring from null. Initial cause was null
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1361)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1086)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:288)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:190)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:580)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:425)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:84)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:1)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:280)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:304)
... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.PropertyBatchUpdateException; nested PropertyAccessExceptions (2) are:
PropertyAccessException 1: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'bus' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:/C:/Users/Public/CC_DATA/OSS_Mar-2013_SharedDev/OSS/Rosy/JComponents/Rebecca/Rebecca-access/target/classes/rebecca/spring/persistenceContextDump.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.cache.CacheException: net.sf.ehcache.CacheException: Error configuring from null. Initial cause was null
PropertyAccessException 2: org.springframework.beans.MethodInvocationException: Property 'transportIds' threw exception; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL [file:/C:/Users/Public/CC_DATA/OSS_Mar-2013_SharedDev/OSS/Rosy/JComponents/Rebecca/Rebecca-access/target/classes/rebecca/spring/persistenceContextDump.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.cache.CacheException: net.sf.ehcache.CacheException: Error configuring from null. Initial cause was null
at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:102)
at org.springframework.beans.AbstractPropertyAccessor.setPropertyValues(AbstractPropertyAccessor.java:58)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1358)
... 38 more

if you are using maven, then any resources and sources in src/test are local the individual module, i.e. anything in projectA/src/test will be hidden from projectB. There are multiple options available:
Move Test Resources: I would discourage you from doing this, but basically you can move your applicationContextTest.xml to the src/main folder, but then you have test code in your binary deliverables.
Replicate Test Resources: This is not as bad as the previous suggestion, when you copy any bean setup from projectA to projectB. This usually implies that you are creating test application contexts for your unit tests and that you have different application contexts for your real application.
Delete all Test Application Contexts: This would be the cleanest solution, if you dont have any test context you are forced to test the real thing. If you need environment specific properties you can use PropertyPlaceHolders, if you need different beans (Connection Pools, etc.) you can use Profiles.
Have a look at the new Spring 3.1 Feature for Profiles: http://blog.springsource.org/2011/02/14/spring-3-1-m1-introducing-profile/

Your test persistence context xml name is same in project A and project B. Can you try changing the name persistenceContextTest.xml in project A to persistenceContextTestA.xml to be sure that the problem is not because of duplicate file name.

Why can't I test my project using JUnit 4?

I am using Spring 3, Hibernate 3 in my project. But I can not test it using JUnit 4.
Here is my Test class:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:WebRoot/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"})
public class UserDaoTestCase extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests {
#Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
#Test
public void testSimple() {
// do some tests...
}
// setters and getters
public UserDao getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}
public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
}
I run this test, and I always get this exception:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:308)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:109)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75)
at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:333)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:220) at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:301)
at
org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:15)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:303)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240)
at
org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:193) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:52) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:191) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:42) at
org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:184) at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:236) at
org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:49)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:467)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:683)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:390)
at
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:197)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException:
Error creating bean with name 'sessionFactory' defined in URL
[file:WebRoot/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Invocation of init
method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.HibernateException:
Unable to get the default Bean Validation factory at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1412)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:288)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:190)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:557)
at
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)
at
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:425)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:84)
at
org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:1)
at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.loadApplicationContext(TestContext.java:280)
at
org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:304)
... 24 more Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to
get the default Bean Validation factory at
org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationActivator.applyDDL(BeanValidationActivator.java:127)
at
org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.applyBeanValidationConstraintsOnDDL(Configuration.java:1704)
at
org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.applyConstraintsToDDL(Configuration.java:1654)
at
org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.secondPassCompile(Configuration.java:1445)
at
org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildMappings(Configuration.java:1375)
at
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean.buildSessionFactory(LocalSessionFactoryBean.java:717)
at
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.AbstractSessionFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractSessionFactoryBean.java:211)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1469)
at
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1409)
... 37 more Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at
sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at
sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at
org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.BeanValidationActivator.applyDDL(BeanValidationActivator.java:118)
... 45 more Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Unable to
build the default ValidatorFactory at
org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.getValidatorFactory(TypeSafeActivator.java:383)
at
org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.applyDDL(TypeSafeActivator.java:109)
... 50 more Caused by: javax.validation.ValidationException: Unable
to instantiate Configuration. at
javax.validation.Validation$GenericBootstrapImpl.configure(Validation.java:272)
at
javax.validation.Validation.buildDefaultValidatorFactory(Validation.java:111)
at
org.hibernate.cfg.beanvalidation.TypeSafeActivator.getValidatorFactory(TypeSafeActivator.java:380)
... 51 more Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException at
java.util.ResourceBundle.getBundle(ResourceBundle.java:960) at
org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.loadBundle(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:202)
at
org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.getFileBasedResourceBundle(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:182)
at
org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:81)
at
org.hibernate.validator.engine.ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.(ResourceBundleMessageInterpolator.java:73)
at
org.hibernate.validator.engine.ConfigurationImpl.(ConfigurationImpl.java:57)
at
org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator.createGenericConfiguration(HibernateValidator.java:43)
at
javax.validation.Validation$GenericBootstrapImpl.configure(Validation.java:269)
... 53 more
My IDE is MyEclipse 9, and I am using JavaEE 6 libraries.
I think my applicationContext.xml is fine, 'cuz it works fine when I run this project in tomcat, no exceptions.
Here is my SessionFactory bean in applicationContext.xml:
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="c3p0DataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<value>com.myproject.entity</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.connection.provider_class">
org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider
</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
How can I do tests using JUnit 4 correctly?

I expect you've got the path to the application-context.xml wrong, as Spring sees it. I'd first try dropping off WebRoot/.
I'd attach the Spring sources to my project and hook-up a debugger, breaking on line:
org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.getApplicationContext(TestContext.java:308)
In there, you'll see where it's loading the application context and you can use an interactive expression executer to try multiple different strings to figure out what it can and can't see.
I'd also try this:
#ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath*:applicationContext*.xml" })
That work's in my project where the files are in WEB-INF/classes in the deployment.

Do you really use your production applicaton context for tests?
I would change the approach to use a different application context for tests (e.g. for defining test data sources and stuff) and place it along with your other test resources. Then a simple lookup as the following one will do.
#ContextConfiguration("/path/to/my/test-context.xml")
In your example, you have to make sure the path is correct! Your file URL should be translated to a folder relative to your project's root folder. Does the application context lie there?

#ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:WebRoot/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"})
I think you do not locate your Spring context configuration file from file:// . re-locate it.

I also had this problem, in my case the problem was with the application context xml configuration file being loaded. It was not a properly defined application context. To be precise, "xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" namespace was missing.

I too have same problem, When I updated both src/test/resources/ApplicationResource.properties and src/main/resources/ApplicationResource.proerties.
And I updated, POM.xml with context and test dependency
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
</dependency>
The src/test/resources/ApplicationContext.xml loaded successfully.
My problem got solved.

SQLException w/ Tomcat 7.0 JDBC connection pool and MySql

I'm trying to use the new Tomcat 7.0 JDBC connection pool and MySql. It says here that you can drop the latest tomcat-jdbc.jar into your tomcat/lib directory in a Tomcat 6.0 environment, and that's what I've done.
I'm using Spring to initialize and instantiate the DataSource per examples around the web:
<bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource" destroy-method="close"
p:driverClassName="${driver_class}"
p:url="${url}"
p:username="${username?root}"
p:password="${password}"
p:initialSize="10"
p:initSQL="SELECT DTS FROM DT_TM_TS FOR READ ONLY WITH UR"
p:minIdle="10"
p:maxIdle="100"
p:maxActive="100"
p:maxWait="6000"
p:jmxEnabled="true"
p:jdbcInterceptors="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.ConnectionState;org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.interceptor.StatementFinalizer"
p:removeAbandoned="true"
p:removeAbandonedTimeout="60"
p:logAbandoned="true"
p:testOnBorrow="true"
p:testOnReturn="false"
p:testWhileIdle="false"
p:useEquals="false"
p:fairQueue="false"
p:timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis="30000"
p:minEvictableIdleTimeMillis="30000"
p:validationInterval="1800000"
p:validationQuery="SELECT DTS FROM DT_TM_TS FOR READ ONLY WITH UR"
/>
However when I try to connect to the db it throws this exception:
java.sql.SQLException: "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connectUsingDriver(PooledConnection.java:243)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connect(PooledConnection.java:176)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.createConnection(ConnectionPool.java:647)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.borrowConnection(ConnectionPool.java:589)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.init(ConnectionPool.java:452)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.ConnectionPool.<init>(ConnectionPool.java:130)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy.createPool(DataSourceProxy.java:99)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSourceProxy.getConnection(DataSourceProxy.java:110)
at org.hibernate.ejb.connection.InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider.getConnection(InjectedDataSourceConnectionProvider.java:46)
at org.hibernate.cfg.SettingsFactory.buildSettings(SettingsFactory.java:111)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSettings(Configuration.java:2101)
at org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration.buildSessionFactory(Configuration.java:1325)
at org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration.buildSessionFactory(AnnotationConfiguration.java:867)
at org.hibernate.ejb.Ejb3Configuration.buildEntityManagerFactory(Ejb3Configuration.java:669)
at org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(HibernatePersistence.java:132)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:225)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:308)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1477)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1417)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:288)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:190)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findDefaultEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:529)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.findEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:495)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.resolveEntityManager(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:656)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$PersistenceElement.getResourceToInject(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:629)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata$InjectedElement.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:147)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:84)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:338)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1074)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:517)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:456)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:291)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:288)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:190)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:580)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:895)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:425)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:276)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:197)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:47)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4135)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4630)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:785)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:445)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:519)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:581)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:289)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:414)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:202)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:307)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:248)
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:247)
at org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.PooledConnection.connectUsingDriver(PooledConnection.java:236)
... 59 more
I've got mysql-connector-java-5.1.13-bin.jar in both the webapp WEB-INF/lib and tomcat/lib. I can connect fine specifying the driver details in persistence.xml (no DataSource/connection pooling).

There is actually a very simple workaround with Spring. Instead of having the Tomcat connection pool create the database connection and fail because of class loader shenanigans, let Spring create it and pass a reference to the connection pool.
<!-- Data source template for use in the connection pool. -->
<bean id="dataSourceTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
<!-- Connection pool as data source. -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource" destroy-method="close">
<!-- Refer to a separately created bean as a data source template to work around a quirk of Tomcat's class loader. -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceTemplate" />
...
</bean>
Then the connection pool will actually use the database connection as a template for creating as many additional connections as it needs.
The best part is that you don't have to mess with tomcat/lib, which you may not even have access to.

I'm using Spring 3.1, Hibernate 4.0, VMware vFabric tc Server Developer Edition 2.6.1 with Tomcat 7.0.20.B and Maven 3. Having the connector managed by Maven I encountered the same issue.
Infact reading the manual I've found
driverClassName
(String) The fully qualified Java class name of the
JDBC driver to be used. The driver has to be accessible from the same
classloader as tomcat-jdbc.jar
So I resolved by adding the mysql connector (mysql-connector-java-5.1.18-bin.jar) in the lib directory of Tomcat (vfabric-tc-server-developer-2.6.1.RELEASE/tomcat-7.0.20.B.RELEASE/lib) and setting in Maven the scope of the connector package to provided.

In Tomcat 6.0 I need to put my JDBC drivers into common/lib/ext
But the search path for that is configured in catalina.properties check out the property common.loader in there. Make sure that common/lib is listed there.