I'm a Java newbie and I have this question.
Can I pass a variable to a method multiple times without creating a new object?
For example, if I have a variable x which is the user input, another variable called m and a method were: if x is "h" then m is "example1" else if x is "f" m is "example2".
If I write:
String x = Scanner.next();
And I create the object passing the x variable, when I write,
System.out.println(obj.m);
If the input was h It will print out "example1"
But if write down this after what i showed up:
x = Scanner.next();
System.out.println(obj.m);
Whatever character I write down the output will be "example 1"
If I type "f" the first time the output will be "example2"
But the second system.out.println() will print "example2" eventually if I typed "h" the second time
So is it possible to pass a variable only one time with a value that changes over time without creating a new object?
If I understand your question correctly, then yes, you can pass a variable to a method multiple times without creating a new object. Let's say you create a class like this:
public class Test {
public String m;
public void testMethod(String x) {
if ("h".equals(x)) {
m = "example1";
} else if ("f".equals(x)) {
m = "example2";
} else {
m = "other";
}
}
}
If you created an object from this class in a main method and pass in different values of x as the argument for testMethod(), the value of m would change:
public class MainClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Test obj = new Test();
String x = "h";
obj.testMethod(x);
System.out.println(obj.m); // prints example1
x = "f";
obj.testMethod(x);
System.out.println(obj.m); // prints example2
}
}
As I understood your question, I have added a solution that will create the object you mentioned one time and call the method inside it repeatedly as you enter values. This might help you
import java.util.Scanner;
public class A {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
ClassOfYourObject object = new ClassOfYourObject();
while (true) {
System.out.print("Enter letter : ");
String x = scanner.next();
object.yourMethodToPrint(x);
}
}
}
class ClassOfYourObject {
void yourMethodToPrint(String value) {
if (value.equals("h")) {
System.out.println("example1");
} else if (value.equals("f")) {
System.out.println("example2");
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid letter");
}
}
}
Related
I am trying to make this program That uses the scanner method. A user would type their name, then the ScannerToolclass would store that information into the guess string varible. An Object is created in the portation class as ScannerTool cool = new ScannerTool(); for both the justPoints() and post() methods. The portation class takes the objects and store what the user types into a String variable called hope as String hope = cool.scannerT() it then takes what the user types and executes an if statement. I create an object for the portation class and ScannerTool inside the MainTest and then I run it from MainTest class.
My problem is that when I run this program it throws an exception error:
Exception in thread "main" java.util.NoSuchElementException: No line found
at java.util.Scanner.nextLine(Scanner.java:1540)
at ScannerTool.scannerT(ScannerTool.java:7)
at portation.justPoints(portation.java:12)
at MainTest.main(MainTest.java:20)
However, when i dont use the portation class and just go from ScannerTool to MainTest with the same code from portation it works. The weird part is that when I do it the original way there are no errors presented at the lines, only when I execute the whole program
What I tried: I tried to change the return types in the methods in portation from int and string to void, that didn't work. I tried looking at the lines that said where the error occured, but that didn't help becuase everything looked correct. Since it's not throwing actual errors on the IDE before running i'm at a loss.
the code:
The code that works:
MainTest
public class MainTest {
public static void main(String [] args) {
ScannerTool scan = new ScannerTool();
//portation damn = new portation ();
System.out.print("What your name my guy? ");
String hope = scan.scannerT();
int points = 0; // taken from the portation class
if (hope.equals("chris")){
points = points + 1;
}else {
points = 0;
}
System.out.println("the name " + hope + " is cool");
if(hope.equals("chris")) {
System.out.println("for your name being chris I award you one point!");
}else {
System.out.println("but, you get no points for that name");
} //taken from the portation class
System.out.println(points);
//damn.post();
//damn.justPoints();
}
}
portation: not in use
ScannerTool:
import java.util.*;
public class ScannerTool {
public String scannerT() {
Scanner message = new Scanner(System.in); //User input
String guess = message.nextLine(); // storing what the user inputted in a string variable
message.close(); //closed the scanner object
return guess; // returned user input
}
}
the code that doesn't work
MaintTest:
public class MainTest {
public static void main(String [] args) {
ScannerTool scan = new ScannerTool();
portation damn = new portation ();
System.out.print("What your name my guy? ");
String hope = scan.scannerT();
damn.post();
damn.justPoints();
}
}
portation:
public class portation {
public void justPoints() {
ScannerTool cool = new ScannerTool(); // created an object from the ScannerTool
String hope = cool.scannerT(); //stored the ScannerTool answer the user inputed from the guess string
int points = 0; //setup the points variable
if (hope.equals("chris")){
points = points + 1;
}else {
points = 0;
}
System.out.println(points);
}
public void post() {
ScannerTool cool = new ScannerTool(); // created an object from the ScannerTool
String hope = cool.scannerT(); //stored the ScannerTool answer the user inputed from the guess string
System.out.println("the name " + hope + " is cool"); //printed what the user typed
if(hope.equals("chris")) {
System.out.println("for your name being chris I award you one point!");
}else {
System.out.println("but, you get no points for that name");
}
}
}
ScannerTool:
import java.util.*;
public class ScannerTool {
public String scannerT() {
Scanner message = new Scanner(System.in); //User input
String guess = message.nextLine(); // storing what the user inputted in a string variable
message.close(); //closed the scanner object
return guess; // returned user input
}
}
when I use the way that doesn't work this is what runs:
What your name my guy? chris
Exception in thread "main" java.util.NoSuchElementException: No line found
at java.util.Scanner.nextLine(Scanner.java:1540)
at ScannerTool.scannerT(ScannerTool.java:7)
at portation.post(portation.java:21)
at MainTest.main(MainTest.java:9)
What would be the answer I'm looking for? I would like to know, why am I getting this error and what do I need to do to fix it?
The problem comes from the fact that System.in is a specific InputStream - it is static and only created once. In your case, you read from it once and immediately close it (when you close the Scanner). When you try to read from a closed stream, it will throw an exception, NoSuchElementException in this case. When working with files it usually isn't a problem because you could always create a new InputStream.
What you need to do here is to make sure you will close the InputStream only when you're done with reading everything. You could make the Scanner variable static, create a new method for closing it and call it only when you're done with reading.
I am trying to make a to do list that asks you to enter your tasks one by one then display them in order (as in 1. task1, 2. task 2, 3. task 3 etc). But when it displays the tasks it comes back as "0. null" one time instead of listing any of the tasks entered. Here is the script I am using:
1st class
package todolist;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class ToDoList1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ArrayList<ToDoList2> list = new ArrayList<ToDoList2>();
System.out.println("Time to make a digital to-do list!");
ToDoList2 n = new ToDoList2();
list.add(n);
System.out.println(ToDoList2.name + "'s to-do list");
System.out.println(ToDoList2.i + ". " + ToDoList2.l);
for(ToDoList2 enhanced : list)
{
System.out.println(ToDoList2.i + ". " + ToDoList2.m);
}
}
}
2nd class
package todolist;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ToDoList2 {
public static String name;
public static int i;
public static String l;
public static String m;
{
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("First type your name to identify your list in case you lose it");
name = s.nextLine();
System.out.println("Make sure to type \"end\" when you are finished");
System.out.println("Type in the first item on your to-do list");
String l = s.nextLine();
}
public ToDoList2()
{
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
for(int i = 1; i == i; i++)
{
System.out.println("Type in the next item for your to-do list");
String m = s.nextLine();
if("end".equals(m))
{
break;
}
}
}
}
Your code is not correct. ToDoList2 scanning item list from standard input but not storing it. You should do as follow
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
class TodoList {
public static String name;
List<String> tasks;
public TodoList(String name) {
this.name = name;
this.tasks = new ArrayList<>();
}
public void addTask(String task) {
this.tasks.add(task);
}
public String toString() {
int i = 1;
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (String task : tasks) {
stringBuilder.append(i + ". " + task);
stringBuilder.append("\n");
i++;
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("First type your name to identify your list in case you lose it");
String name = s.nextLine();
System.out.println("Make sure to type \"end\" when you are finished");
System.out.println("Type in the first item on your to-do list");
TodoList todoList = new TodoList(name);
String task = null;
while (!(task = s.nextLine()).equals("end")) {
todoList.addTask(task);
System.out.println("Type in the next item for your to-do list");
}
System.out.println(todoList);
}
}
a) Given that each ToDoList2 object is a separate task, I'm not sure why you've made the object class members static?
b) In your ToDoList2 constructor, you've got a for loop that introduces a local variable i which hides the ToDoList2 member variable i. You'd do well to change one of the variable names.
c) In your ToDoList2 constructor, you've got a for loop which is assigning a string returned by the Scanner to a local variable m. Are you sure you want m to be a local variable or do you actually want to assign the returned string to the member variable, m? I'm thinking the latter since the member variable m is never being assigned a value which explains why the code is printing out null.
d) When writing code, it is good practice to use meaningful variable names. Using names like i is OK as an index in a loop but in all other circumstances, you should go for something more descriptive that tells the reader what the variable is storing.
e) Consider making all your ToDoList2 member variables private (and final if possible). Add a print function to the ToDoList2 class to print out the task details. A key principle is Object Oriented Programming is to hide the internals of a class.
I've done a bunch research into trying to solve this issue (for about 2.5 hours), but I'm still not able to compile my program. I have tried making the method not static, but when attempting to run it, it gives me this error:
"Error: Main method is not static in class prog6, please define the
main method as: public static void main(String[] args)"
When the main method is static, I get following error in a compiler
Error: "non-static variable input cannot be referenced from a static
context
usd = input.nextDouble();"
I'm sorry if this question comes off redundant, I don't mean to ask without looking for an answer on my own, but I've been working at this for hours now and I don't understand what I'm doing wrong.
Some extra info on this program: it's meant to take inputs from the user to find out what currency they want to convert to, and how much USD they would like to convert. Then, I would invoke a method in order to do the calculations and return them. (Any amount trying to be converted over $200, will need 5% fee.)
import java.util.Scanner;
public class prog6
{
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main (String[] args)
{
char curr = 0;
double usd;
double result;
while (curr!='Q' || curr!='q') { //loop
System.out.println("What type of currency would you like to buy?");
curr = input.next().charAt(0);
System.out.println("How many dollars would you like to convert?");
usd = input.nextDouble(); //asking user for info needed to convert
if (usd>200) {
usd = (usd)*(0.95);
}
result = calc (curr,usd); //invoke the method
}
}
public double calc (char mCurr,double mUsd) //method
{
if (mCurr=='E' || mCurr=='e') {
return (mUsd)*(0.88);
}
else if (mCurr=='P' || mCurr=='p') {
return (mUsd)*(0.77);
}
else if (mCurr=='Y' || mCurr=='y') {
return (mUsd)*(113.17);
}
return 0;
}
}
The main method will need to be static. From there, create an instance of your class and call a non-static method from the static main method. eg..
public class Prog6 {
private Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main (String[] args) {
Prog6 prog6 = new Prog6();
prog6.start();
}
public void start() {
char curr = 0;
double usd;
double result;
// etc...
}
}
You could make the member variable static but it's better form to use regular non-static members and methods and call this from the static main method.
There are two ways to solve your prolem
Change the input variable to static;
or
In main method, prog6 myprog= new prog6(); and refer input as myprog.input ....
I have a program that takes letters for input and then sums the numeric value of each letter.
I have it so that if I input "abc", my output is "6".
I ignore uppercase letters, so if I input "abC", my output is "3".
What I want to do now, is in a separate class, make a method, which if set to true will run my main program as is, but when it is set to false, it will treat uppercase letters as lowercase, giving an input of "abC", an output of "6".
I hope this makes sense, I've tried a few different things but they all run the programm as is, ignoring uppercase.
Here is my code, I appreciate any constructive feedback.
Thanks
EDIT: I would also appreciate if you didn't downvote me for asking a question, if you don't want to help dont', seems every question I asked gets downvoted for no obvious or fair reason. I didn't want to ask for help since I knew this would happen. We all start have to somewhere!
Main method:
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("\nPlease enter the letters you would like to use:");
String s, t = "";
scan.next();
s = scan.next();
boolean b = Converter.caseSensitive(false, s);
scan.close();
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
char ch = s.charAt(i);
if (!t.isEmpty()) {
t += ",";
}
if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') {
int n = ch - 'a' + 1;
t += String.valueOf(n);
}
}
Second method in separate class:
public class Converter {
public static boolean caseSensitive(Boolean b, String s) {
for (char c : s.toCharArray()) {
if (Character.isLetter(c) && Character.isLowerCase(c)) {
b = s.equalsIgnoreCase(s);
return false;
}
}
s = s.toLowerCase();
return true;
}
}
I believe your question is "how do I record a static boolean value in a class and then request it from another class?"
public class Configuration {
private static boolean convertToUppercase = true;
public static void setConvertToUppercase(boolean convert) {
convertToUppercase = convert;
}
public static boolean getConvertToUppercase() {
return convertToUppercase;
}
}
This can be used as:
StringConverter.caseSensitive(Configuration.getConvertToUppercase(), input);
Note that most coders (me included) would consider this poor design but explaining why is outside the scope of your question.
There are a lot of other issues with your code. For example your method call above will leave the input string unchanged. But I suggest you ask another question with just the relevant code when you get stuck.
String is immutable in Java. Please read following stackoverflow question for more information about this topic:
String is immutable. What exactly is the meaning?
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
String test = "abc";
toUpperCase(test);
System.out.println(test);
}
private static void toUpperCase(String test)
{
test = test.toUpperCase();
}
Please note that above code will output:
abc
In order to have "ABC" as result you need to use following code:
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
String test = "abc";
test = toUpperCase(test);
System.out.println(test);
}
private static String toUpperCase(String test)
{
return test.toUpperCase();
}
This one outputs:
ABC
So your Converter.caseSensitive method should return String.
I don't think you really need the Converter class. You can delete class and replace the line:
boolean b = Converter.caseSensitive(false, s);
with this
boolean shouldCountUppercaseLetters = false;
if (shouldCountUppercaseLetters) {
s = s.toLowerCase();
}
I'm trying to put a try-catch into a procedure type method but I'm 95% sure it has to be a function type. What I'm trying to accomplish is to make my code shorter in the main. One of the biggest things I thought of was to put a try-catch into a method and call the method.
The thing is, it will validate the input if it is a integer or not- it even catches the exceptions the problem is that it doesn't "remember" the validated input once it continues on with the program/calculates. Here's the part of the code I'm having trouble with.
public static void tryCatchNum(double value)
{
while(true)
{
try
{
Scanner iConsole = new Scanner(System.in);
value = Double.parseDouble(iConsole.nextLine());
System.out.println(" ");
break;
}
catch(NumberFormatException e)
{
System.out.println("NumberFormatException error has oocured. Please try again.");
}
}
}
And here is the entire program:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ch7exercise1
{
public static double compound(double oA, double cI)
{
return roundCent((oA*(Math.pow((1+(percent(cI))),10))));
}
public static double percent(double interest)
{
return interest/100.0;
}
public static double roundCent(double amount)
{
return ((Math.round(amount*100))/100.0); //100.0 is mandatory.
}
public static void tryCatchNum(double value)
{
while(true)
{
try
{
Scanner iConsole = new Scanner(System.in);
value = Double.parseDouble(iConsole.nextLine());
System.out.println(" ");
break;
}
catch(NumberFormatException e)
{
System.out.println("NumberFormatException error has oocured. Please try again.");
}
}
}
#SuppressWarnings("unused")
public static void main(String[] args)
{
boolean f = true;
boolean f2 = true;
double origAmount = 0;
double compInterest = 0;
double total = 0;
Scanner iConsole = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("10 year Compound Interest Claculator\n");
System.out.println("Input amount of money deposited in the bank");
tryCatchNum(origAmount);
System.out.println("Input compouded interest rate. (If the compound interest is 3% input 3)");
tryCatchNum(compInterest);
total = compound(origAmount,compInterest);
System.out.println("$"+total);
}
}
Java arguments are passed by value. You're passing 0 to the tryCatchNum method. A copy of the value is passed to the method. This method assigns a new value to its own copy, and then returns. So the original value is still 0.
You must not pass anything to the method. Instead, the method must return the value it has validated. Also, consider using a more appropriate method name:
public double readDoubleValue() {
...
return value;
}
And in the main method:
double origAmount = readDoubleValue();
Since double is a primitive in Java it is passed by value to the method, therefore when you alter the value of the primitive the changes to the method parameter are not reflected in the original variable passed into the method call.
Read the cup story on Java ranch which explains pass by value and pass by reference.
http://www.javaranch.com/campfire/StoryCups.jsp
The next story to read is the Pass By Value story on Java Ranch.
http://www.javaranch.com/campfire/StoryPassBy.jsp
You should alter your method so that it returns a double which is assigned to value in the main method of your program.
I am also very curious as to why you are using a while loop that checks true. I think it is highly likely your program will encounter an infinite loop if the value entered cannot be converted to a double.