How can I pass a Bitmap object from one activity to another

How can I pass a Bitmap object from one activity to another - java

In my activity, I create a Bitmap object and then I need to launch another Activity,
How can I pass this Bitmap object from the sub-activity (the one which is going to be launched)?

Bitmap implements Parcelable, so you could always pass it with the intent:
Intent intent = new Intent(this, NewActivity.class);
intent.putExtra("BitmapImage", bitmap);
and retrieve it on the other end:
Intent intent = getIntent();
Bitmap bitmap = (Bitmap) intent.getParcelableExtra("BitmapImage");

Actually, passing a bitmap as a Parcelable will result in a "JAVA BINDER FAILURE" error. Try passing the bitmap as a byte array and building it for display in the next activity.
I shared my solution here:
how do you pass images (bitmaps) between android activities using bundles?

Passsing bitmap as parceable in bundle between activity is not a good idea because of size limitation of Parceable(1mb). You can store the bitmap in a file in internal storage and retrieve the stored bitmap in several activities. Here's some sample code.
To store bitmap in a file myImage in internal storage:
public String createImageFromBitmap(Bitmap bitmap) {
String fileName = "myImage";//no .png or .jpg needed
try {
ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes);
FileOutputStream fo = openFileOutput(fileName, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
fo.write(bytes.toByteArray());
// remember close file output
fo.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
fileName = null;
}
return fileName;
}
Then in the next activity you can decode this file myImage to a bitmap using following code:
//here context can be anything like getActivity() for fragment, this or MainActivity.this
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(context.openFileInput("myImage"));
Note A lot of checking for null and scaling bitmap's is ommited.

If the image is too large and you can't save&load it to the storage, you should consider just using a global static reference to the bitmap (inside the receiving activity), which will be reset to null on onDestory, only if "isChangingConfigurations" returns true.

Compress and Send Bitmap
The accepted answer will crash when the Bitmap is too large. I believe it's a 1MB limit. The Bitmap must be compressed into a different file format such as a JPG represented by a ByteArray, then it can be safely passed via an Intent.
Implementation
The function is contained in a separate thread using Kotlin Coroutines because the Bitmap compression is chained after the Bitmap is created from an url String. The Bitmap creation requires a separate thread in order to avoid Application Not Responding (ANR) errors.
Concepts Used
Kotlin Coroutines notes.
The Loading, Content, Error (LCE) pattern is used below. If interested you can learn more about it in this talk and video.
LiveData is used to return the data. I've compiled my favorite LiveData resource in these notes.
In Step 3, toBitmap() is a Kotlin extension function requiring that library to be added to the app dependencies.
Code
1. Compress Bitmap to JPG ByteArray after it has been created.
Repository.kt
suspend fun bitmapToByteArray(url: String) = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
MutableLiveData<Lce<ContentResult.ContentBitmap>>().apply {
postValue(Lce.Loading())
postValue(Lce.Content(ContentResult.ContentBitmap(
ByteArrayOutputStream().apply {
try {
BitmapFactory.decodeStream(URL(url).openConnection().apply {
doInput = true
connect()
}.getInputStream())
} catch (e: IOException) {
postValue(Lce.Error(ContentResult.ContentBitmap(ByteArray(0), "bitmapToByteArray error or null - ${e.localizedMessage}")))
null
}?.compress(CompressFormat.JPEG, BITMAP_COMPRESSION_QUALITY, this)
}.toByteArray(), "")))
}
}
ViewModel.kt
//Calls bitmapToByteArray from the Repository
private fun bitmapToByteArray(url: String) = liveData {
emitSource(switchMap(repository.bitmapToByteArray(url)) { lce ->
when (lce) {
is Lce.Loading -> liveData {}
is Lce.Content -> liveData {
emit(Event(ContentResult.ContentBitmap(lce.packet.image, lce.packet.errorMessage)))
}
is Lce.Error -> liveData {
Crashlytics.log(Log.WARN, LOG_TAG,
"bitmapToByteArray error or null - ${lce.packet.errorMessage}")
}
}
})
}
2. Pass image as ByteArray via an Intent.
In this sample it's passed from a Fragment to a Service. It's the same concept if being shared between two Activities.
Fragment.kt
ContextCompat.startForegroundService(
context!!,
Intent(context, AudioService::class.java).apply {
action = CONTENT_SELECTED_ACTION
putExtra(CONTENT_SELECTED_BITMAP_KEY, contentPlayer.image)
})
3. Convert ByteArray back to Bitmap.
Utils.kt
fun ByteArray.byteArrayToBitmap(context: Context) =
run {
BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(this, BITMAP_OFFSET, size).run {
if (this != null) this
// In case the Bitmap loaded was empty or there is an error I have a default Bitmap to return.
else AppCompatResources.getDrawable(context, ic_coinverse_48dp)?.toBitmap()
}
}

Because Intent has size limit .
I use public static object to do pass bitmap from service to broadcast ....
public class ImageBox {
public static Queue<Bitmap> mQ = new LinkedBlockingQueue<Bitmap>();
}
pass in my service
private void downloadFile(final String url){
mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
Bitmap b = BitmapFromURL.getBitmapFromURL(url);
synchronized (this){
TaskCount--;
}
Intent i = new Intent(ACTION_ON_GET_IMAGE);
ImageBox.mQ.offer(b);
sendBroadcast(i);
if(TaskCount<=0)stopSelf();
}
});
}
My BroadcastReceiver
private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
LOG.d(TAG, "BroadcastReceiver get broadcast");
String action = intent.getAction();
if (DownLoadImageService.ACTION_ON_GET_IMAGE.equals(action)) {
Bitmap b = ImageBox.mQ.poll();
if(b==null)return;
if(mListener!=null)mListener.OnGetImage(b);
}
}
};

It might be late but can help.
On the first fragment or activity do declare a class...for example
#Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
description des = new description();
if (requestCode == PICK_IMAGE_REQUEST && data != null && data.getData() != null) {
filePath = data.getData();
try {
bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(getActivity().getContentResolver(), filePath);
imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
ByteArrayOutputStream stream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream);
constan.photoMap = bitmap;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static class constan {
public static Bitmap photoMap = null;
public static String namePass = null;
}
Then on the second class/fragment do this..
Bitmap bm = postFragment.constan.photoMap;
final String itemName = postFragment.constan.namePass;
Hope it helps.

All of the above solutions doesn't work for me, Sending bitmap as parceableByteArray also generates error android.os.TransactionTooLargeException: data parcel size.
Solution
Saved the bitmap in internal storage as:
public String saveBitmap(Bitmap bitmap) {
String fileName = "ImageName";//no .png or .jpg needed
try {
ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes);
FileOutputStream fo = openFileOutput(fileName, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
fo.write(bytes.toByteArray());
// remember close file output
fo.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
fileName = null;
}
return fileName;
}
and send in putExtra(String) as
Intent intent = new Intent(ActivitySketcher.this,ActivityEditor.class);
intent.putExtra("KEY", saveBitmap(bmp));
startActivity(intent);
and Receive it in other activity as:
if(getIntent() != null){
try {
src = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(openFileInput("myImage"));
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

You can create a bitmap transfer. try this....
In the first class:
1) Create:
private static Bitmap bitmap_transfer;
2) Create getter and setter
public static Bitmap getBitmap_transfer() {
return bitmap_transfer;
}
public static void setBitmap_transfer(Bitmap bitmap_transfer_param) {
bitmap_transfer = bitmap_transfer_param;
}
3) Set the image:
ImageView image = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.image);
image.buildDrawingCache();
setBitmap_transfer(image.getDrawingCache());
Then, in the second class:
ImageView image2 = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.img2);
imagem2.setImageDrawable(new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), classe1.getBitmap_transfer()));

In my case, the way mentioned above didn't worked for me. Every time I put the bitmap in the intent, the 2nd activity didn't start. The same happened when I passed the bitmap as byte[].
I followed this link and it worked like a charme and very fast:
package your.packagename
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
public class CommonResources {
public static Bitmap photoFinishBitmap = null;
}
in my 1st acitiviy:
Constants.photoFinishBitmap = photoFinishBitmap;
Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, ImageViewerActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
and here is the onCreate() of my 2nd Activity:
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Bitmap photo = Constants.photoFinishBitmap;
if (photo != null) {
mViewHolder.imageViewerImage.setImageDrawable(new BitmapDrawable(getResources(), photo));
}
}

Related

how to save photo from image view to gallerry android xamarin

hello i'm newbie in xamarin ,I try to find a lot code of internet but it won't work.
In my imageview have dot menu, When user click on menu in imageview they can forword photo or share photo but can't save.
I want to add save photo function in there , but no idea , This is part of my code to share and forward
public async void OnSelection(MaterialDialog dialog, View itemView, int position, string itemString)
{
try
{
if (itemString == GetText(Resource.String.Lbl_MessageInfo))
{
var intent = new Intent(this, typeof(MessageInfoActivity));
intent.PutExtra("UserId", Id);
intent.PutExtra("MainChatColor", !string.IsNullOrEmpty(MesData.ChatColor) ? MesData.ChatColor : AppSettings.MainColor ?? AppSettings.MainColor);
intent.PutExtra("SelectedItem", JsonConvert.SerializeObject(MesData));
StartActivity(intent);
}
else if (itemString == GetText(Resource.String.Lbl_Forward))
{
var intent = new Intent(this, typeof(ForwardMessagesActivity));
intent.PutExtra("SelectedItem", JsonConvert.SerializeObject(MesData));
StartActivity(intent);
}
else if (itemString == GetText(Resource.String.Lbl_Share))
{
string urlImage = MediaFile;
var fileName = urlImage?.Split('/').Last();
await ShareFileImplementation.ShareRemoteFile(urlImage, urlImage, fileName, GetText(Resource.String.Lbl_SendTo));
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Methods.DisplayReportResultTrack(e);
}
}

The following code used to work before Android10.0(Android Q) .
//get the data
ImageView image = FindViewById<ImageView>(Resource.Id.image);
Bitmap bitmap = ((BitmapDrawable)image.Drawable).Bitmap;
MemoryStream baos = new MemoryStream();
bitmap.Compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.Jpeg, 100, baos);
imageInByte = baos.ToArray();
//store it in gallery
Java.IO.File storagePath = Android.OS.Environment.GetExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Android.OS.Environment.DirectoryPictures);
string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(storagePath.ToString(), "abc.png");
System.IO.File.WriteAllBytes(path, imageInByte);
var mediaScanIntent = new Intent(Intent.ActionMediaScannerScanFile);
mediaScanIntent.SetData(Android.Net.Uri.FromFile(new Java.IO.File(path)));
this.SendBroadcast(mediaScanIntent);
However , GetExternalStoragePublicDirectory is deprecated from Android Q ,It seems that since Android 11 we can't write file into public external storage including gallery , it is only allowed to place file in app's own isolated shared storage.
Refer to docs :
https://developer.android.com/reference/android/os/Environment#getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(java.lang.String).

How to pass a Bitmap from an Activity to an other in a fast way?

I'm trying to pass a Bitmap from an Activity to an other, I tried multiple solutions but they are not fast enough.
Currently I'm facing this problem: When I click the next button it freezes for 2 seconds then move to the next Activity with the right Bitmap shown in the ImageView.
I found this solution in StackoverFlow. Here is the code:
Uri imageUri = intent.getParcelableExtra("URI");
if (imageUri != null) {
imageView.setImageURI(imageUri);
try {
bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(this.getContentResolver(), imageUri);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "No image is set to show", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
btn_next_process.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (bitmap == null) {
Toast.makeText(CropResultActivity.this, "Emptyyy", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else {
try {
//Write file
String filename = "bitmap.png";
FileOutputStream stream = CropResultActivity.this.openFileOutput(filename, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream);
//Cleanup
stream.close();
// bitmap.recycle();
//Pop intent
Intent in1 = new Intent(CropResultActivity.this, InputProcessingActivity.class);
in1.putExtra("image_data", filename);
startActivity(in1);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
Then I tried to save the file in a worker Thread first, and when I click the next button I retrieve it, now it's working fast but I am getting a wrong Bitmap.
Here is the code :
Uri imageUri = intent.getParcelableExtra("URI");
if (imageUri != null) {
imageView.setImageURI(imageUri);
try {
bitmap = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(this.getContentResolver(), imageUri);
new Thread() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
//Write file
FileOutputStream stream = CropResultActivity.this.openFileOutput(filename, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream);
//Cleanup
stream.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}.run();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "No image is set to show", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
btn_next_process.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (bitmap == null) {
Toast.makeText(CropResultActivity.this, "Empty", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else {
//Pop intent
Intent in1 = new Intent(CropResultActivity.this, InputProcessingActivity.class);
in1.putExtra("image_data", filename);
startActivity(in1);
}
}
});
In the second Activity I retrieve the Bitmap this way :
private void getIncomingIntent(){
if(getIntent().hasExtra("image_data")){
try {
String filename = getIntent().getStringExtra("image_data");
FileInputStream is = this.openFileInput(filename);
imageToProcess = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
process_detect_edges(imageToProcess);
is.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
What am I doing wrong?

Just pass the image uri to next activity. Load from the uri in other activity.

Create a trivial Service. Give that Service a public Bitmap mBitmap member.
Keep each Activity bound to the Service while they are between onStart() and onStop().
If your Activities have a reference to the Service, they can communicate directly via the mBitmap member. One Activity can set mBitmap, then start the other Activity. The second Activity can simply grab the reference (after binding, of course), and begin manipulating the Bitmap. Since everything happens on the UI thread, there are no synchronization concerns. And everything is quite fast.
This solution does not address problems of persistence: If the user leaves the app for a period of time (puts it the background, locks the screen, etc.), then the entire app may be destroyed, and mBitmap would be lost. However, if you're just trying to share data between two successive Activities, this is a straightforward way of doing it.
You could even share the Bitmap via a public static reference, placed in any convenient class. There are rumors that the garbage collector goes around setting static references to null at a whim, but this is a misinterpretation of the actual behavior: That an entire app may get cleaned up at an unexpected time. When you return to your Activity, the system may actually have to restart the app and recreate the Activity from scratch. In this case, the reference would be reset to null.
Instead, using a Service indicates to the OS that you have a component of your app that should be a little bit longer-lived. Certainly, it will continue to exist across the gap between two successive Activities.
Note that, on Oreo and later, the system can be quite aggressive about cleaning up apps as soon as they leave the foreground.

Unable to convert uri to Bitmap in android

I am trying to convert a google doc into a bitmap so I can perform OCR within it.
I am however getting the errors:
E/BitmapFactory: Unable to decode stream: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /document/acc=4;doc=14882: open failed: ENOENT (No such file or directory)
E/ReadFile: Bitmap must be non-null
E/CropTest: Failed to read bitmap
Code:
/**
* Fires an intent to spin up the "file chooser" UI and select an image.
*/
public void performFileSearch(View view) {
// ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT is the intent to choose a file via the system's file
// browser.
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT);
// Filter to only show results that can be "opened", such as a
// file (as opposed to a list of contacts or timezones)
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
// Filter to show only images, using the image MIME data type.
// If one wanted to search for ogg vorbis files, the type would be "audio/ogg".
// To search for all documents available via installed storage providers,
// it would be "*/*".
intent.setType("application/vnd.google-apps.document");
startActivityForResult(intent, READ_REQUEST_CODE);
}
#Override
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent resultData){
if(requestCode == READ_REQUEST_CODE && resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK){
Uri uri = null;
if(resultData != null){
uri = resultData.getData();
Log.i(TAG, "Uri" + uri.toString());
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Uri:" + uri.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
IMGS_PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString()+ "/TesseractSample/imgs";
prepareDirectory(IMGS_PATH);
prepareTesseract();
startOCR(uri);
}
}
}
//Function that begins the OCR functionality.
private void startOCR(Uri imgUri) {
try {
Log.e(TAG, "Inside the startOCR function");
BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
// 1 - means max size. 4 - means maxsize/4 size. Don't use value <4, because you need more memory in the heap to store your data.
options.inSampleSize = 4;
// FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(String.valueOf(imgUri));
Bitmap bm = MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(this.getContentResolver(), imgUri);
// bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG,100,outStream);
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(imgUri.getPath());
// bitmap = toGrayscale(bitmap);
//The result variable will hold whatever is returned from "extractText" function.
result = extractText(bm);
//Creating the intent to go to the CropTest
Intent intentToCropTest = new Intent(MainActivity.this, CropTest.class);
intentToCropTest.putExtra("result",result);
startActivity(intentToCropTest);
//Setting the string result to the content of the TextView.
// textView.setText(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());
}
}

You are trying to treat Android Uri as file path. Don't do that. Instead retrive a ContentResolver instance and use it to convert Uri to stream:
AssetFileDescriptor fd = context.getContentResolver()
.openAssetFileDescriptor(uri, "r");
InputStream is = fd.createInputStream();
If AssetFileDescriptor is not supported (you get null or an Exception happens), try a more direct route:
InputStream is = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream();
There is also another super-duper powerful content-type-aware approach, which existed for ages, but was re-discovered by Google's own developers around the time of Android N release. It requires a lot more infrastructure on ContentProvider side (may not be supported in older versions of Google Services):
ContentResolver r = getContentResolver();
String[] streamTypes = r.getStreamTypes(uri, "*/*");
AssetFileDescriptor descriptor = r.openTypedAssetFileDescriptor(
uri,
streamTypes[0],
null);
InputStream is = descriptor.createInputStream();
Then use obtained stream to create Bitmap:
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);

Avoiding FAILED BINDER TRANSACTION error using intent

In my costum camera app I need to transfer a bitmap and a Uri from one activity to another. For some reason I'm getting the FAILED BINDER TRANSACTION error on most phones(I get the error on newer phones but don't on Nexus4 and Galaxy3). I get the same error even when I only try to transfer the Bitmap through an intent(I also tried transfering only the Uri and got the error). From what I've read online the error comes from a memory problem but I don't know how to fix it. I would appreciate any kind of help.
My first Activity:
...
public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
if (requestCode == SELECT_PICTURE) {
tv.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
btn.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
selectedImageUri = data.getData();
selectedImagePath = getPath(selectedImageUri);
System.out.println("Image Path : " + selectedImagePath);
img.setImageURI(selectedImageUri);
ok.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
}
}
public String getPath(Uri uri) {
String[] projection = { MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA };
Cursor cursor = managedQuery(uri, projection, null, null, null);
int column_index = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA);
cursor.moveToFirst();
return cursor.getString(column_index);
}
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(v.getId()==btn.getId())
{
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setType("image/*");
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Select Picture"), SELECT_PICTURE);
}
if(v.getId()==ok.getId())
{
String stringUri;
stringUri = selectedImageUri.toString();
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent .setClass(MainActivity.this, SecondMain.class);
intent .putExtra("KEY", stringUri);
startActivity(intent );
}
}
}
Second Activity:
public static Camera isCameraAvailiable(){
Camera object = null;
try {
object = Camera.open();// attempt to get a Camera instance
}
catch (Exception e){
// Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)
}
return object; // returns null if camera is unavailable
}
private Camera.PictureCallback capturedIt = new Camera.PictureCallback() {
#Override
public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);
if(bitmap==null){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "not taken", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
else
{
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "taken", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
cameraObject.release();
}
};
...
String stringUri = null;
Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras();
if (extras != null && extras.containsKey("KEY")) {
stringUri= extras.getString("KEY");
}
selectedImageUri = Uri.parse(extras.getString("KEY"));
float alpha=(float)1/2;
img.setAlpha(alpha);
img.setImageURI(selectedImageUri);
cameraObject = isCameraAvailiable();
showCamera = new ShowCamera(this, cameraObject);
frame.addView(showCamera);
}
public void snapIt(View view){
redo.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
ok.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
snap.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
cameraObject.takePicture(null, null, capturedIt);
}
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(v.getId()==ok.getId())
{
Intent intent = new Intent(SecondMain.this, Blend.class);
ByteArrayOutputStream stream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, stream);
byte[]byteArray=stream.toByteArray();
intent.putExtra("image", byteArray);
String stringUri;
stringUri = selectedImageUri.toString();
intent .putExtra("KEY", stringUri);
startActivity(intent);

It is not a memory problem, it's a problem with transferring your image with your intent. You see, Bundle has a limit of how much data it can transfer from one end to the other, currently it's only 1MB. You will problems on all modern phones with a decent camera, as the image exceeds 1MB limit, some old phones with low end camera will work. You need to rethink on how you are going to be transfering the image.
You can
Save it to a file first, send the only the path to it (that's how selecting an image from the gallery works)
Save it to SQL and retrive it on the other end
Make a hodler class with a static variable of image (the most simple)
Make a custom class of Application and put it there for the time being.
Downscale and compress the image before it's transferred

how can i take a screen shot of current mobile screen View through Service (background process) Android [duplicate]

How can I take a screenshot of a selected area of phone-screen not by any program but from code?

Here is the code that allowed my screenshot to be stored on an SD card and used later for whatever your needs are:
First, you need to add a proper permission to save the file:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
And this is the code (running in an Activity):
private void takeScreenshot() {
Date now = new Date();
android.text.format.DateFormat.format("yyyy-MM-dd_hh:mm:ss", now);
try {
// image naming and path to include sd card appending name you choose for file
String mPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/" + now + ".jpg";
// create bitmap screen capture
View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
v1.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v1.getDrawingCache());
v1.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
File imageFile = new File(mPath);
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
int quality = 100;
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, quality, outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
openScreenshot(imageFile);
} catch (Throwable e) {
// Several error may come out with file handling or DOM
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
And this is how you can open the recently generated image:
private void openScreenshot(File imageFile) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(imageFile);
intent.setDataAndType(uri, "image/*");
startActivity(intent);
}
If you want to use this on fragment view then use:
View v1 = getActivity().getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
instead of
View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
on takeScreenshot() function
Note:
This solution doesn't work if your dialog contains a surface view. For details please check the answer to the following question:
Android Take Screenshot of Surface View Shows Black Screen

Call this method, passing in the outer most ViewGroup that you want a screen shot of:
public Bitmap screenShot(View view) {
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(),
view.getHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
view.draw(canvas);
return bitmap;
}

Note: works only for rooted phone
Programmatically, you can run adb shell /system/bin/screencap -p /sdcard/img.png as below
Process sh = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su", null,null);
OutputStream os = sh.getOutputStream();
os.write(("/system/bin/screencap -p " + "/sdcard/img.png").getBytes("ASCII"));
os.flush();
os.close();
sh.waitFor();
then read img.png as Bitmap and use as your wish.

No root permission or no big coding is required for this method.
On adb shell using below command you can take screen shot.
input keyevent 120
This command does not required any root permission so same you can perform from java code of android application also.
Process process;
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("input keyevent 120");
More about keyevent code in android see http://developer.android.com/reference/android/view/KeyEvent.html
Here we have used. KEYCODE_SYSRQ its value is 120 and used for System Request / Print Screen key.
As CJBS said, The output picture will be saved in /sdcard/Pictures/Screenshots

Mualig answer is very good, but I had the same problem Ewoks describes, I'm not getting the background. So sometimes is good enough and sometimes I get black text over black background (depending on the theme).
This solution is heavily based in Mualig code and the code I've found in Robotium. I'm discarding the use of drawing cache by calling directly to the draw method. Before that I'll try to get the background drawable from current activity to draw it first.
// Some constants
final static String SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString() + "/screenshots/";
// Get device dimmensions
Display display = getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay();
Point size = new Point();
display.getSize(size);
// Get root view
View view = mCurrentUrlMask.getRootView();
// Create the bitmap to use to draw the screenshot
final Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(size.x, size.y, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_4444);
final Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
// Get current theme to know which background to use
final Activity activity = getCurrentActivity();
final Theme theme = activity.getTheme();
final TypedArray ta = theme
.obtainStyledAttributes(new int[] { android.R.attr.windowBackground });
final int res = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
final Drawable background = activity.getResources().getDrawable(res);
// Draw background
background.draw(canvas);
// Draw views
view.draw(canvas);
// Save the screenshot to the file system
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
final File sddir = new File(SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS);
if (!sddir.exists()) {
sddir.mkdirs();
}
fos = new FileOutputStream(SCREENSHOTS_LOCATIONS
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg");
if (fos != null) {
if (!bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, fos)) {
Log.d(LOGTAG, "Compress/Write failed");
}
fos.flush();
fos.close();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

As a reference, one way to capture the screen (and not just your app activity) is to capture the framebuffer (device /dev/graphics/fb0). To do this you must either have root privileges or your app must be an app with signature permissions ("A permission that the system grants only if the requesting application is signed with the same certificate as the application that declared the permission") - which is very unlikely unless you compiled your own ROM.
Each framebuffer capture, from a couple of devices I have tested, contained exactly one screenshot. People have reported it to contain more, I guess it depends on the frame/display size.
I tried to read the framebuffer continuously but it seems to return for a fixed amount of bytes read. In my case that is (3 410 432) bytes, which is enough to store a display frame of 854*480 RGBA (3 279 360 bytes). Yes, the frame, in binary, outputted from fb0 is RGBA in my device. This will most likely depend from device to device. This will be important for you to decode it =)
In my device /dev/graphics/fb0 permissions are so that only root and users from group graphics can read the fb0.
graphics is a restricted group so you will probably only access fb0 with a rooted phone using su command.
Android apps have the user id (uid) = app_## and group id (guid) = app_## .
adb shell has uid = shell and guid = shell, which has much more permissions than an app. You can actually check those permissions at /system/permissions/platform.xml
This means you will be able to read fb0 in the adb shell without root but you will not read it within the app without root.
Also, giving READ_FRAME_BUFFER and/or ACCESS_SURFACE_FLINGER permissions on AndroidManifest.xml will do nothing for a regular app because these will only work for 'signature' apps.
Also check this closed thread for more details.

private void captureScreen() {
View v = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
Bitmap bmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getDrawingCache());
v.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(Environment
.getExternalStorageDirectory().toString(), "SCREEN"
+ System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png"));
bmp.compress(CompressFormat.PNG, 100, fos);
fos.flush();
fos.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Add the permission in the manifest
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
For Supporting Marshmallow or above versions, please add the below code in the activity onCreate method
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},00);

My solution is:
public static Bitmap loadBitmapFromView(Context context, View v) {
DisplayMetrics dm = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics();
v.measure(MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(dm.widthPixels, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY),
MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(dm.heightPixels, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY));
v.layout(0, 0, v.getMeasuredWidth(), v.getMeasuredHeight());
Bitmap returnedBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getMeasuredWidth(),
v.getMeasuredHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas c = new Canvas(returnedBitmap);
v.draw(c);
return returnedBitmap;
}
and
public void takeScreen() {
Bitmap bitmap = ImageUtils.loadBitmapFromView(this, view); //get Bitmap from the view
String mPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "screen_" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpeg";
File imageFile = new File(mPath);
OutputStream fout = null;
try {
fout = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, fout);
fout.flush();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
fout.close();
}
}
Images are saved in the external storage folder.

You can try the following library:
http://code.google.com/p/android-screenshot-library/
Android Screenshot Library (ASL) enables to programmatically capture screenshots from Android devices without requirement of having root access privileges. Instead, ASL utilizes a native service running in the background, started via the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) once per device boot.

Based on the answer of #JustinMorris above and #NiravDangi here https://stackoverflow.com/a/8504958/2232148 we must take the background and foreground of a view and assemble them like this:
public static Bitmap takeScreenshot(View view, Bitmap.Config quality) {
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), quality);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
Drawable backgroundDrawable = view.getBackground();
if (backgroundDrawable != null) {
backgroundDrawable.draw(canvas);
} else {
canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE);
}
view.draw(canvas);
return bitmap;
}
The quality parameter takes a constant of Bitmap.Config, typically either Bitmap.Config.RGB_565 or Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888.

public class ScreenShotActivity extends Activity{
private RelativeLayout relativeLayout;
private Bitmap myBitmap;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
relativeLayout = (RelativeLayout)findViewById(R.id.relative1);
relativeLayout.post(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
//take screenshot
myBitmap = captureScreen(relativeLayout);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Screenshot captured..!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
try {
if(myBitmap!=null){
//save image to SD card
saveImage(myBitmap);
}
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Screenshot saved..!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public static Bitmap captureScreen(View v) {
Bitmap screenshot = null;
try {
if(v!=null) {
screenshot = Bitmap.createBitmap(v.getMeasuredWidth(),v.getMeasuredHeight(), Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(screenshot);
v.draw(canvas);
}
}catch (Exception e){
Log.d("ScreenShotActivity", "Failed to capture screenshot because:" + e.getMessage());
}
return screenshot;
}
public static void saveImage(Bitmap bitmap) throws IOException{
ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 40, bytes);
File f = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "test.png");
f.createNewFile();
FileOutputStream fo = new FileOutputStream(f);
fo.write(bytes.toByteArray());
fo.close();
}
}
ADD PERMISSION
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

You can try to do something like this,
Getting a bitmap cache from a layout or a view by doing something like
First you gotta setDrawingCacheEnabled to a layout(a linearlayout or relativelayout, or a view)
then
Bitmap bm = layout.getDrawingCache()
Then you do whatever you want with the bitmap. Either turning it into an image file, or send the bitmap's uri to somewhere else.

Short way is
FrameLayout layDraw = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.layDraw); /*Your root view to be part of screenshot*/
layDraw.buildDrawingCache();
Bitmap bmp = layDraw.getDrawingCache();

Most of the answers for this question use the the Canvas drawing method or drawing cache method. However, the View.setDrawingCache() method is deprecated in API 28. Currently the recommended API for making screenshots is the PixelCopy class available from API 24 (but the methods which accept Window parameter are available from API 26 == Android 8.0 Oreo). Here is a sample Kotlin code for retrieving a Bitmap:
#RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
fun saveScreenshot(view: View) {
val window = (view.context as Activity).window
if (window != null) {
val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.width, view.height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
val locationOfViewInWindow = IntArray(2)
view.getLocationInWindow(locationOfViewInWindow)
try {
PixelCopy.request(window, Rect(locationOfViewInWindow[0], locationOfViewInWindow[1], locationOfViewInWindow[0] + view.width, locationOfViewInWindow[1] + view.height), bitmap, { copyResult ->
if (copyResult == PixelCopy.SUCCESS) {
saveBitmap(bitmap)
}
// possible to handle other result codes ...
}, Handler())
} catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {
// PixelCopy may throw IllegalArgumentException, make sure to handle it
}
}
}

For those who want to capture a GLSurfaceView, the getDrawingCache or drawing to canvas method won't work.
You have to read the content of the OpenGL framebuffer after the frame has been rendered. There is a good answer here

I have created a simple library that takes a screenshot from a View and either gives you a Bitmap object or saves it directly to any path you want
https://github.com/abdallahalaraby/Blink

If you want to take screenshot from fragment than follow this:
Override onCreateView():
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// Inflate the layout for this fragment
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_one, container, false);
mView = view;
}
Logic for taking screenshot:
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
View view = mView.findViewById(R.id.scrollView1);
shareScreenShotM(view, (NestedScrollView) view);
}
method shareScreenShotM)():
public void shareScreenShotM(View view, NestedScrollView scrollView){
bm = takeScreenShot(view,scrollView); //method to take screenshot
File file = savePic(bm); // method to save screenshot in phone.
}
method takeScreenShot():
public Bitmap takeScreenShot(View u, NestedScrollView z){
u.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
int totalHeight = z.getChildAt(0).getHeight();
int totalWidth = z.getChildAt(0).getWidth();
Log.d("yoheight",""+ totalHeight);
Log.d("yowidth",""+ totalWidth);
u.layout(0, 0, totalWidth, totalHeight);
u.buildDrawingCache();
Bitmap b = Bitmap.createBitmap(u.getDrawingCache());
u.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
u.destroyDrawingCache();
return b;
}
method savePic():
public static File savePic(Bitmap bm){
ByteArrayOutputStream bytes = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, bytes);
File sdCardDirectory = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/Foldername");
if (!sdCardDirectory.exists()) {
sdCardDirectory.mkdirs();
}
// File file = new File(dir, fileName);
try {
file = new File(sdCardDirectory, Calendar.getInstance()
.getTimeInMillis() + ".jpg");
file.createNewFile();
new FileOutputStream(file).write(bytes.toByteArray());
Log.d("Fabsolute", "File Saved::--->" + file.getAbsolutePath());
Log.d("Sabsolute", "File Saved::--->" + sdCardDirectory.getAbsolutePath());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return file;
}
For activity you can simply use View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView(); instead of mView

Just extending taraloca's answer. You must add followings lines to make it work. I have made the image name static. Please ensure you use taraloca's timestamp variable incase you need dynamic image name.
// Storage Permissions
private static final int REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 1;
private static String[] PERMISSIONS_STORAGE = {
Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
};
private void verifyStoragePermissions() {
// Check if we have write permission
int permission = ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
if (permission != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// We don't have permission so prompt the user
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS_STORAGE, REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
}else{
takeScreenshot();
}
}
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, #NonNull String[] permissions, #NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) {
takeScreenshot();
}
}
}
And in the AndroidManifest.xml file following entries are must:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

For Full Page Scrolling Screenshot
If you want to capture a full View screenshot (Which contains a scrollview or so) then have a check at this library
https://github.com/peter1492/LongScreenshot
All you have to do is import the Gradel, and create an object of BigScreenshot
BigScreenshot longScreenshot = new BigScreenshot(this, x, y);
A callback will be received with the bitmap of the Screenshots taken while automatically scrolling through the screen view group and at the end assembled together.
#Override public void getScreenshot(Bitmap bitmap) {}
Which can be saved to the gallery or whatsoever usage is necessary their after

For system applications only!
Process process;
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("screencap -p " + outputPath);
process.waitFor();
Note: System applications don't need to run "su" to execute this command.

The parameter view is the root layout object.
public static Bitmap screenShot(View view) {
Bitmap bitmap = null;
if (view.getWidth() > 0 && view.getHeight() > 0) {
bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(),
view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
view.draw(canvas);
}
return bitmap;
}

From Android 11 (API level 30) you can take screen shot with the accessibility service:
takeScreenshot - Takes a screenshot of the specified display and returns it via an AccessibilityService.ScreenshotResult.

Take screenshot of a view in android.
public static Bitmap getViewBitmap(View v) {
v.clearFocus();
v.setPressed(false);
boolean willNotCache = v.willNotCacheDrawing();
v.setWillNotCacheDrawing(false);
int color = v.getDrawingCacheBackgroundColor();
v.setDrawingCacheBackgroundColor(0);
if (color != 0) {
v.destroyDrawingCache();
}
v.buildDrawingCache();
Bitmap cacheBitmap = v.getDrawingCache();
if (cacheBitmap == null) {
return null;
}
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(cacheBitmap);
v.destroyDrawingCache();
v.setWillNotCacheDrawing(willNotCache);
v.setDrawingCacheBackgroundColor(color);
return bitmap;
}

If you want to capture screenshot of a View, use View::drawToBitmap extension function:
val bitmap = myTargetView.drawToBitmap(/*Optional:*/ Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888)
Only make sure to use the -ktx version of AndroidX Core library:
implementation("androidx.core:core-ktx:1.6.0")
I've already answered a similar question like this here.

Kotlin
private fun screenShot() {
try {
val mPath: String = this.getExternalFilesDir(null).getAbsolutePath()
.toString() + "/temp" + ".png"
// create bitmap screenshot
val v1: View = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView()
v1.isDrawingCacheEnabled = true
val bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v1.drawingCache)
v1.isDrawingCacheEnabled = false
val imageFile = File(mPath)
val outputStream = FileOutputStream(imageFile)
val quality = 100
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, quality, outputStream)
outputStream.flush()
outputStream.close()
//or you can share to test the method fast
val uriPath =
FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, getPackageName() + ".sharing.provider", imageFile)
val intent = Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND)
intent.type = "image/*"
intent.clipData = ClipData.newRawUri("", uriPath)
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION or Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION)
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriPath)
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Sharing to..."))
} catch (e: Throwable) {
e.printStackTrace()
}
}
Java
private void screenShot() {
try {
String mPath = this.getExternalFilesDir(null).getAbsolutePath().toString() + "/temp" + ".png";
// create bitmap screenshot
View v1 = getWindow().getDecorView().getRootView();
v1.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);
Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(v1.getDrawingCache());
v1.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false);
File imageFile = new File(mPath);
FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(imageFile);
int quality = 100;
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, quality, outputStream);
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
//or you can share to test the method fast
Uri uriPath = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this, getPackageName() + ".sharing.provider", imageFile);
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
intent.setType("image/*");
intent.setClipData(ClipData.newRawUri("", uriPath));
intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uriPath);
startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "Sharing to..."));
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

If you want to capture a view or layout like RelativeLayout or LinearLayout etc.
Just use the code:
LinearLayout llMain = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.linearlayoutMain);
Bitmap bm = loadBitmapFromView(llMain);
now you can save this bitmap on device storage by :
FileOutputStream outStream = null;
File f=new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/Screen Shots/");
f.mkdir();
String extStorageDirectory = f.toString();
File file = new File(extStorageDirectory, "my new screen shot");
pathOfImage = file.getAbsolutePath();
try {
outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, outStream);
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "Saved at "+f.getAbsolutePath(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
addImageGallery(file);
//mail.setEnabled(true);
flag=true;
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
try {
outStream.flush();
outStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}

Develop Reference

Java is a programming language and computing platform first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995.