General Architecture of an Application based on a CMS - java

I have just started to work on a Java Based CMS and I am trying to figure out how would my application architecture look like.
To elaborate a bit, I have developed Java EE applications using Hibernate ans Spring and I am now used to thinking in terms of a
Presentation Layer --> Business Layer --> Database Access Layer --> Database
When I look at the CMS, I try to relate this to the Application Architecture of the conventional Web Based Application. I also try to figure out where would Hibernate and Spring integrate into it or would this integration be supported?
In simpler terms, I am unable to perceive a General Architecture of an Application based on a CMS.
Have I made myself clear?
Any Help/Hints/Pointers?

I've never found an elegant solution to this; app builds I've done seem to sit better alongside rather than within CMS-managed content, using similar but copied HTML/JSP templates. Any presentation layer reuse you can get is a bonus!
One particular issue is version control of app source code and DB structure/data, which is obviously A Good Thing. Other site content may not sit within source control (SVN, etc) and you sure as hell don't want to take that risk with your app...
Having said all this, it's perhaps worth making a feature of such separation rather than apologising for it. Base your architecture around it prominently and design for a clean integration.

Here's an explanation of how you can integrate Spring and Hippo CMS (apache licensed Java CMS): http://www.gridshore.nl/2008/07/06/integrate-hippo-cms-into-a-spring-application/.
The architecture of Hippo CMS is explained here: http://www.onehippo.org/about/architecture
Disclaimer: I work for Hippo and this is based on my own experience. There's a big chance there are more solutions out there than the one I'm describing.

you can see this,
Magnolia CMS

Presentation Layer --> Business Layer --> Database Access Layer --> Database looks like a fairly reasonable layering to me. The question this immediately raises is why you have doubts about this. I'd tackle the problem from a different perspective (that usuall helps to shake the brain-cells into action!).
What kind of CMS are you building? In what way does it differ from the many other CMS's? Is there anything about your "unique selling point" that would influence the architecture to be non-standard in some way (if I can put it like that)?

Related

Necessary and essential features that java framework must include for testing,development and production

May be this question broad and hard to answer at current moment
But,when i went through different frameworks emerging by one after another like
Hadoop Distributed File System
HBase,
Hive,
Cassandra,
Hypertable,
Amazon S3,
BigTable,
DynamoDB,
MongoDB,
Redis,
Riak,
Neo4J,
Stripes,
Wicket,
Compojure,
Conjure,
Grails,
JRoR,
JSF,
Lift,
Netty,
Noir,
Play,
Scalatra,
Seam,
Sitemesh,
Spark,
Spring MVC,
Stripes,
Struts,
Tapestry,
VRaptor,
Vert.x,
Stripes,
Tapestry
OpenXava
It is always buzzing me.
Each framework has some unique features.Each one promises to solve some particular testing,development and production need with respect to increasing no of users ,data expansion,distributed computing and security ,performance and many more .
But,many functionality is common on them .Striving for unique some functionality we have to shift from one framework to another As,a java developer i would like to have following features included in one framework
like
Out of box support for testing for unit and integration testing
Fast prototyping
Distributed multithreading,caching,logging ,session management ,moduaralization
Security extension
Framework extension
Easily integration with big data .
Distributed data computation
Asychronous operation
High performance
I would like to know what other features others really want to have in one framework ?What others developer really want to have features included in one framework .What are the necessary and essential featues that every framework must include .Please share yours idea.
The reason they differ is because there is no consensus on these matters. Depending on your background and expertise the answer will be different. Every project was started knowing full well what the alternatives were and not being content with them.
This question is useless I'm afraid.
I think XKCD describes it well (replace standard with framework):
There is simply no way given an enough complex problem to solve it for all use cases and users.
The key to understanding is not in how much common is there about all those frameworks but in that most of them cover only part of needs. For instance, Hadoop and Stripes do nothing in common. Only few frameworks claim they cover everything (Java EE and Spring in fact) but in reality they just try to collect several unrelated technologies under one brand name.
The real domains are: presentation layer, data access layer and (arguably) something else.

Web framework for an application utilizing existing database?

A legacy web application written using PHP and utilizing MySql database needs to be rewritten completely. However, the existing database structure must not be changed at all.
I'm looking for suggestions on which framework would be most suitable for this task? Language candidates are Python, PHP, Ruby and Java.
According to many sources it might be challenging to utilize rails effectively with existing database. Also I have not found a way to automatically generate models out of the database.
With Django it's very easy to generate models automatically. However I'd appreciate first hand experience on its suitability to work with legacy DBs. The database in question contains all kinds of primary keys, including lots of composite keys.
Also I appreciate suggestions of other frameworks worth considering.
Use sqlalchemy. On any framework you choose. It can reflect your database as ORM.
I’m currently rebuilding a legacy PHP web application with a MySQL database my self.
The PHP code was kind of spaghetti and is now rewritten in Java as it type safe, promotes well-structured code, has excellent tooling and has superior unit testing capabilities. For database to Java mapping I use Hibernate/JPA.
The web application is incrementally delivered to production. Meaning we run both Java and large parts of the old PHP code together until the application is fully converted.
But in order to use hibernate effectively we needs the database to be logical correct (something MySQL MyIsam does not enforce). So with each production release I run an refactoring scripts for the database (also used to build the development environment and do unit testing) and update the PHP code with a new version that works with the schema changes.
As a web framework I use Stripes as it’s simple, elegant and easy to learn.
I have very good experience with Django. Every time I needed it was up to the task for interfacing with existing database.
Autogenerated models are the start, as MySQL is not the strictest with its schema. Not that it will not work only that usually some of the db restrictions are held in app itself.
My first thought would be to use Hibernate and Java, but I may be biased because that is what my experience is in. You generally map your Model classes via Hibernate after you create the database anyway, so it might not be a bad choice.
I'll let it explain itself to you: Hibernate's website
I suppose that any PHP Framework (I'm a PHP guy, so I will only talk about PHP) could be OK for you ; but you should use one that's well-supported, has a large community, ...
To make things short, I'm thinking about one off this list :
Symfony
Zend Framework
CakePHP
Kohana
Code Igniter
Now, if you're asking "which framework is the best", it's a question that doesn't really have an answer : it's mainly a matter of personnal preferences...
Still, here's a couple of questions+answers that could bring you some interesting informations :
Best PHP framework for an experienced PHP developer?
What PHP framework would you choose for a new application and why?
To use a PHP framework or not?
PHP Framework Decision - Analysis paralysis!
PHP - MVC framework?
Which PHP Framework is right for this project?
Also, note that choosing a Framework is an important decision -- which means you should take some time to evaluate each framework and how it'll answer your specific need.
Really : you should definitely not rush that decision.
You know, there's a whole Ruby web dev world away from Rails, e.g.:
Sinatra
Ramaze
Webby
With such a general question it's always a bit hard to help...
Try web2py, extremely easy to prototype any webapp, and IMO a bit easier to grasp (overall) than other similar web frameworks, HTH
There are no clear cut winners when picking a web framework. Each platform you mentioned has its benefits and drawbacks (cost of hardware, professional support, community support, etc.). Depending on your time table, project requirements, and available hardware resources you are probably going to need some different answers.Personally, I would start your investigation with a platform where you and your team are most experienced.
Like many of the other posters I can only speak to what I'm actively using now, and in my case it is Java. If Java seems to match your projects requirements, you probably want to go with one of the newer frameworks with an active community. Currently Spring Web MVC, Struts2, and Stripes seem to be fairly popular. These frameworks are mostly, if not totally, independent of the persistence layer, but all integrate well with technologies like hibernate and jpa; although you have to do most, if not all, of the wiring yourself.
If you want to take the Java road there are also pre-built application stacks that take care of most of wiring issues for you. For an example you might want to look at Matt Raible's AppFuse. He has built an extensible starter application with many permutations of popular java technologies.
If you are interested in the JVM as a platform, you may also want to look at complete stack solutions like Grails, or tools that help you build your stack quickly like Spring Roo.
Almost all of the full stack solutions I've seen allow for integration with a legacy database schema. As long as your database is well designed, you should be able to map your tables. The mention of composite keys kind of scares me, but depending on your persistence technology this may or may not be an issue. Hibernate in Java/.NET supports mapping to composite keys, as does GORM in grails (built on hibernate). In almost all cases these mappings are discouraged, but people who build persistence frameworks know you can't always scorch earth and completely recreate your model.

Should I invest in GraniteDS for Flex + Java development?

I'm new to Flex development, and RIAs in general. I've got a CRUD-style Java + Spring + Hibernate service on top of which I'm writing a Flex UI. Currently I'm using BlazeDS. This is an internal application running on a local network.
It's become apparent to me that the way RIAs work is more similar to a desktop application than a web application in that we load up the entire model and work with it directly on the client (or at least the portion that we're interested in). This doesn't really jive well with BlazeDS because really it only supports remoting and not data management, thus it can become a lot of extra work to make sure that clients are in sync and to avoid reloading the model which can be large (especially since lazy loading is not possible).
So it feels like what I'm left with is a situation where I have to treat my Flex application more like a regular old web application where I do a lot of fine grained loading of data.
LiveCycle is too expensive. The free version of WebOrb for Java really only does remoting.
Enter GraniteDS. As far as I can determine, it's the only free solution out there that has many of the data management features of LiveCycle. I've started to go through its documentation a bit and suddenly feel like it's yet another quagmire of framework that I'll have to learn just to get an application running.
So my question(s) to the StackOverflow audience is:
1) do you recommend GraniteDS,
especially if my current Java stack
is Spring + Hibernate?
2) at what point do you feel like it starts to
pay off? That is, at what level of
application complexity do you feel
that using GraniteDS really starts
to make development that much
better? In what ways?
If you're committed to Spring and don't want to introduce Seam then I don't think that Granite DS will give you much beyond Blaze DS. There is a useful utility that ensures only a single instance of any one entity exists in the client at any one time but it's actually pretty easy to do that with a few instances of Dictionary with weak references and some post-processing applied to the server calls. A lot of the other features are Seam-specific as alluded to here in the docs:
http://www.graniteds.org/confluence/display/DOC/6.+Tide+Data+Framework
Generally, the Tide approach is to minimize the amount of code needed to make things work between the client and the server. Its principles are very similar to the ones of JBoss Seam, which is the main reason why the first integration of Tide has been done with this framework. Integrations with Spring and EJB 3 are also available but are a little more limited.
I do however think that Granite's approach to data management is a big improvement over Livecycle's because they are indeed quite different. From the Granite docs:
All client/server interactions are done exclusively by method calls on services exposed by the server, and thus respect transaction boundaries and security defined by the remote services.
This is different to how Livecycle DS uses "managed collections" where you invoke fill() to grab large swathes of data and then invoke commit() methods to persist changes en-mass. This treats the backend like a raw data access API and starts to get complicated (or simply fall apart entirely) when you have fine-grained security requirements. Therefore I think Granite's approach is far more workable.
All data management features (serialization of JPA detached entities, client entity caching, data paging...) work with Spring.
GraniteDS does not mandate anything, you only need Seam if you want to use Seam on the server.
Actually, the free version of WebORB for Java does do data management. I've recently posted a comparison between WebORB for Java, LiveCycle DS, BlazeDS and GraniteDS. You can view this comparison chart here: http://bit.ly/d7RVnJ I'd be interested in your comments and feedback as we want this to be the most comprehensive feature comparison on the web.
Cheers,
Kathleen
Have you looked at the spring-blazeDS integration project?
GraniteDS with Seam Framework, Hibernate and MySql is a very nice combination. What I do is create the database, use seamgen to generate hibernate entities then work from there.

How to improve productivity when developing Java EE based web applications

I'd like to know how you address the seemingly low productivity of Java EE-based web application development compared to other technology stacks (Seaside, Ruby on Rails, etc).
The constraints are:
The finished web application must be deployable on Java EE compliant application containers
If possible, previous investment in Java-based solution should be preserved, i.e. native interoperability with Java-based systems and libraries should be possible
Due to team structure, Java as implementation language is preferred, although less exotic JVM-based languages (i.e. Groovy) might be acceptable as well
The resulting system needs to be architecturally sound
The resulting system needs to be extensible and maintainable
To not let this dwindle into a philosophical discussion, I'm only interested in suggestions that are based on practical experience. Possible examples include domain specific languages, frameworks and MDSD.
If you point to an abstract class of solutions (like MDA / MDSD), please provide details on how you implemented it as well as information about common pitfalls and best practices.
If you disagree on the assumption that Java EE-based web application development implies inferior productivity, I'd like to hear your reasoning as well.
EDIT:
As there are a lot less answers than I expected, I'll accept accounts of abortive attempts as well, basically extending the question to "How (not) to improve productivity when developing Java EE based web applications?".
I believe the Java EE Java stack is actually very good. There are a few reasons explaining the low productivity of Java EE:
Being “the enterprise stack”, it is often used to create boring, ugly, “good enough” applications and, in general, enterprises tend not to attract great developers who love programming, and think and care about what they do. The quality of software in the enterprise world is not great.
Being the enterprise stack where the money is, software vendors try to sell something to them. They create huge, complex and expensive solutions not because they are good, but simply because they could sell them to enterprises.
Enterprises are often very risk averse and everything they do better be “standardized”. Standards are created either after some technology proved to be successful or before. In both cases, it’s bad for enterprises (and Java). Enterprises end up using either good technology too late or a downright failed technology. The latter case is also very dangerous because it creates a false perception that a technology (otherwise a complete failure) must be good if it is standardized and everyone is using it.
Historically, Java EE platform seemed to have attracted a lot of architecture astronauts and developers in big companies promoted to architects whose only purpose was to create more layers, more frameworks, more abstractions and more complexity.
It’s not that there are no good Java tools and frameworks; it’s that there are too many bad ones, too many over-engineered ones, too many bureaucratic processes and methodologies, too many useless standards.
In such a messy world it’s not just the particular selection of tools you choose that affects your productivity. It’s mainly about you, about your values, about how you can reject the majority of solutions proposed to you by the community, vendors, co-workers and managers. It’s about you going against the current, about your common sense, about you questioning every mainstream belief and “best practice”.
That said, tools alone are not going to change your productivity much, and conversely, the right people can be productive with inferior tools too.
My advice:
Don’t use a technology only because it’s standard, because everyone uses it, or because it’s officially recommended by Sun. Use a technology only if you personally think it’s the best tool for your job. This way you may find yourself rejecting technologies such as JSF, JSP, Web services, JMS, EJB, JTA, OSGi, MDA.
Keep it simple, use your common sense, question everything. Do you really need to publish your objects for remote access? Do you really need to create another abstraction layer so that you can switch from Hibernate to TopLink? Do you really need to convert your data to/from XML ten times every time you need them? Do you really need XML schema? Do you really need everything to be configurable are interchangeable? At runtime? By non-developers?
Keep the process simple. Be agile. Do you really need that documentation? Do you really need to describe every screen in a huge table, have it approved, type it in to some home-made tool and then generate JSP? Do you have competent programmers or you design everything first and programmers only “translate” to Java?
WYSIWYG design of HTML doesn’t work.
Graphical programming in general doesn’t work. This includes UML as blueprint and UML as programming language, MDA, drawing page flow diagrams. Code generation is bad.
Never design a framework prior to using it, always harvest a framework.
Prefer frameworks that have only little XML configuration.
Strive for low LOC count. Look at actual characters in your code. Is every character important? Think. What can you do to make your code smaller? Do you need that class? What does it do? Why do you need to do that?
Testing is not sacred cow; you don’t need 100 % test coverage. Test only what makes sense. If it’s difficult to test, make it simpler; or don’t test it at all. Don’t test visual appearance.
And finally, some concrete Java recommendations:
For presentation layer try Tapestry. Why do I love it? Because with Tapestry you can create beautiful code. It’s designed specifically for that, so that your code can be beautiful. Your code. By beautiful I mean everything that matters – it’s short, easy to change, easy to read, easy to create your abstractions, and still flexible, it doesn’t try to hide the fact that you are developing for the web. Of course, it’s still you who makes your code beautiful.
Feel free to use Hibernate, especially for CRUD and large apps. Don’t bother with JPA. It’s not a silver bullet though, with ORM you are always going to trade one set of problems with another.
Only a little Spring, you shouldn’t need much since you’ve carefully avoided all the Java EE traps. Use dependency injection sparingly.
After all of that, you may find the Java language too verbose and not very helpful when abstracting away you copy/pasted code. If you want to experiment, try Scala. The problem is that the main selling point of Scala is that you get all the benefits of modern languages while still keeping type safety, and at the same time, there is no solid IDE support. Being used to super-cool Java IDEs, it doesn’t make much sense to switch to Scala unless there’s an IDE support that is stable and reliable. Stable enough is not enough.
Frameworks like Spring, Hibernate, Wicket certainly help to simplify and accelerate web development as they provide a high degree of testability and integrate very well. But it's not enough to reach RoR productivity, even if you have a good set of development practices. There is still too much technical stuff and plumbing required.
Grails is maybe the missing piece in this picture to get closer to RoR. It's my next experimentation.
BTW, my MDA experiences are the contrary of a productivity improvement so I won't mention them (actually, MDA was killing our productivity).
Javarebel can greatly reduce time spent during web development using Java.
Let me quote here the official website:
JavaRebel is a JVM plugin (-javaagent) that enables you to see changes to your code immediately, without the need to redeploy an application or perform a container restart. If you're tired of watching the logs roll by, and want to see your changes so that you can keep going - JavaRebel is your new best friend.
One important point when discussing Java EE productivity: you should be using Java EE 5 and EJB3.x since they provide for new level of productivity (and functionality) compared to previous releases.
Staying within standard Java EE specs is absolutely important, e.g. using Hibernate instead of JPA is not beneficial to productivity. There is no limitation to fall back to Hibernate features when using JPA, but by using Hibernate instead of JPA you are locked in into single persistence provider with no cheap way out. The whole idea behind using standards is the same: conceptual flexibility (by plugging in different implementations) with available extensibility (by using proprietary extensions if absolutely necessary). Java EE 5 and EJB3 are huge steps in this direction. Of course, you want to minimize any proprietary features but if some seem absolutely necessary it's a good sign that they will be part of spec in next release...
Main obstacles to Java EE productivity are in its enterprise focus (offers a lot more than than needed for majority of projects) and in its legacy (backward compatibility). There is also a lot more to be done in presentation tier with JSF and state management - watch for JSR-299 to address these among other improvements.
Grails is a Java webapp framework very much modelled after Ruby on Rails, with similar principles (DRY, CoC) and productivity gains, but based on existing Java frameworks (Spring, Hibernate, several others).
I've been working on an exploratory project using Grails for a few weeks now (no previous experience in Grails or Groovy), and I'm quite impressed. There are a few rough edges - it's not as mature as RoR, but you can get results quickly and there's never the feeling that the framework is getting in your way.
Maybe it's best illustrated by this concrete example: I wanted to edit a 2D array of domain objects in a grid on a single webpage and found that the automatic mapping of the resulting HTML request data to the domain objects (provided by Spring MVC, I believe) had a bug that caused some data to be mapped to the wrong objects. I looked around on the web for an hour, but apparently nobody had encountered or solved the problem. Eventually I decided to forego the automatic mapping and do it "manually" - and then found that it took me no more than about 10 lines of code...
It's often cited that RoR and similar frameworks based on dynamic languages are more productive environments, but I am really interested to know if there are hard data to back this up. This wouldn't be easy, as one should be made certain that she is not comparing apples with oranges. Things like type of project (web 2.0, enterprise application) and team size should be taken into consideration. However, for small projects it is more than evident that such frameworks are indeed far more productive than Java EE. So this is a short list of arguments used to support this and what you can do for them in the Java world.
Ruby is a more intuitive and concise language. You can do the same thing with much less code.
I don't think you can have the same thing in Java, unless of course you use a dynamic language that runs in the JVM (JRuby, Scala, Groovy). Otherwise, your IDE can help. In Jave an IDE is an essential tool and it will pay you back if you learn to use it well (code generation, snippets, refactoring). In fact there are many things you can do with a Java IDE that are simply impossible to do with a Ruby or Python IDE. Plus you have the benefits of a static typed language. It may take more time to type, but it helps you avoid common mistakes.
Ruby is much more fun to use. Makes the developer happier and more productive.
Same as above. Highly subjective argument in my opinion though.
Convention over configuration makes things faster
A dependency injection framework like Spring or Guice can help
Scaffolding, MVC already there for you.
Again Java MVC frameworks can help
Databases made easy. Load database items as objects. Can change the database on the fly.
Hibernate, iBatis or another ORM framework can help. With Hibernate Tools you can achieve similar functionality with what you have in RoR with yml files
Load new modules instantly
Maven or Ant Ivy can help
Easy deployment for testing
Your IDE or Jetty can help. In fact debugging is easier with Java
Testing integrated with the framework. Use of mock objects facilitate testing
A dependency injection framework can help with mock objects. JUnit was a pioneer of unit frameworks. I don't think that Java is less easy to test.
I would definitely go for Spring together with Hibernate for persistency related stuff.
Why Spring?
The advantage of using Spring instead of another framework is that Springs philosophy is to be "non-invasive". Usually when you're using a framework most probably you'll start to depend on that framework which can be a bad issue if the application is considered to run for a longer time where you then have also to do maintenance etc. Spring uses the so-called "Inversion of Control" (IoC) pattern. Basically your code doesn't (it can but it doesn't have to) call Spring, but Spring will call you (Hollywood principle: "don't call me, I'll call you"). So for instance you can use normal POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects) and you don't have to inherit from any framework-related classes/interfaces.
Another big problem (if not the biggest) in Software Engineering are dependencies. You'll fight for reducing them as much as possible since they will make your life harder (especially in maintenance later on). Spring reduces dependencies among your components drammatically by managing the instantiation of components through configuration files and the dependency injection pattern. I wouldn't want to go on, the best thing is that you start reading some tutorials at the official Spring website. Initially it may need some time in the understanding but once you got it you'll earn a lot of benefits.
Since Jython 2.5 you can use django to satisfy the requirements you listed. It's pretty easy to generate war files from django projects and deploy them on J2EE application servers.
Just wanted to pitch in another idea... you can actually use JRuby and Rails (similar to the previous comment about Django and Jython).
If you use JRuby with Rails and JRuby Rack (and maybe some other utilities... I wasn't the one to actually get the integration going initially), you can deploy JRuby Rails additions to an existing Java web app. We have a legacy JSP application deployed with Tomcat, and are now starting to add new pages using Rails with just that setup (in addition to extending the JSP side when necessary). So far it has been quite successful, though we don't have any of the major high traffic pages implemented in Rails, so I don't know how well it will scale.
We have full access to the session, and have even set up mechanisms to invoke JSPs from Rails pages (such as existing header and footer type JSP includes). It takes some effort and trial and error to fully integrate the 2, but if Rails and JRuby is an option, I highly recommend it (as a personal fan of Ruby).
A colleague has dabbled in JBoss Seam, which is a framework by Gavin King (the guy who brought us Hibernate), which was meant to emulate Rails. Having seen both, I feel Rails is a lot easier to develop with.
Use AOP (Aspect Oriented Programming) for cross cutting aspects like logging, authorization etc. You can either use Spring AOP or AspectJ. It makes code clutter free and maintainable.
I've used Jboss Seam for the past couple of years and find it to be very productive way to develop in Java EE (utilising EJB3, Hibernate, Facelets). I also do the odd bit of PHP coding on the side and can honestly say that I'm more productive with Seam (although that's probably also an indication of my PHP skills.)
For me a couple of the highlights would be:
Hot deploy of code (an absolute must-have)
DRY with Facelets
Annotation based configuration
Extensive drop-in components (especially ajax4jsf)
IDE Support from Jboss Tools
There are tools in the IDE and from the command line to build skeleton code in a similar way to RoR.
Well, I'm not really a Java guy, so I can't say much, except for... JSF
We tried to use it for some time and it was a disaster. Almots all basics steps had to be passed with lots of pain, no documentation, no examples, no community knowledge. We used then one plugin for Eclipse (Exadel Studio), we had a look at a few other JSF frameworks, they were all incompatible and poorly documented. As a matter of fact, of all those we tried, only Sun framework (forgot its name, based on NetBeans) could create a new JSF project even compilable out of the box. The rest required many days of configuration of apache and other things, which for an unexperienced person is a real challenge (though I managed it).
Our team spent a few months on something which was done later in just a few weeks with ASP.NET. People were both inexperienced in JSF and ASP.NET.
If JSF ecosystem is still that bad as it was in 2007, I would recommend avoiding it altogether, productivity is out of the question anyway. Maybe stick with JSP or something that is time-proved and well developed?
I would go with the Lift framework written in Scala. You will see a great productivity boost just by switching to Scala. Scala is also very stable and it's extremely easy to call Java code from your Scala code. Not only that but it's quite similar to Java but with some added features. For some examples you should refer to 5 Things a Java developer needs to know about Scala. Twitter will move part of it's codebase to Scala.
You will never "get stuck" on a piece of code because you can just think about how you would do it in Java and write similar code. First class functions and actors will give you an even greater productivity boost and are both in Scala. Scala is of course statically typed and has a performance that is similar to Java.
I will quote the author of the Lift framework for an description of it:
Lift borrows from the best of existing
frameworks, providing
Seaside's highly granular sessions and security Rails fast flash-to-bang
Django's "more than just CRUD is included"
Wicket's designer-friendly templating style (see Lift View
First)
And because Lift applications are
written in Scala, an elegant new JVM
language, you can still use your
favorite Java libraries and deploy to
your favorite Servlet Container. Use
the code you've already written and
deploy to the container you've already
configured!
Some basic rules:
Kick out the appserver - a HUGE win in turnaround and quality. Keep a web container if you have to, but configure everything in Spring and/or Hibernate so the web.xml is minimal.
Test everything, which you can now do because of step 1 (no deploy-time XMLs or code generation needed: everything is configured in the development already).
Use Wicket to implement your web tier - nobody needs JSP any more; Wicket is 10 times more productive plus easy to test (see step 2).
Use SCRUM and agile development methodologies
The result is Java productivity as high as 4GLs allow - we at Atomikos have several migration projects we did like this. Because we migrated from 4GL platforms to Java/Java EE, we could compare the estimates in both.
Also see this blog post: http://blog.atomikos.com/?p=87
HTH
Guy

Practical Experience using Stripes?

I am coming from an Enterprise Java background which involves a fairly heavyweight software stack, and have recently discovered the
Stripes framework; my initial impression is that this seems to do a good job of minimising the unpleasant parts of building a web application in Java.
Has anyone used Stripes for a project that has gone live? And can you share your experiences from the project? Also, did you consider any other technologies and (if so) why did you chose Stripes?
We've been using Stripes for about 4 years now. Our stack is Stripes/EJB3/JPA.
Many use Stripes plus Stripernate as a single, full stack solution. We don't because we want our business logic within the EJB tier, so we simply rely on JPA Entities as combined Model and DTO.
Stripes does the binding to our Entities/DTO and we shove them back in to the EJB tier for work. For most of our CRUD stuff this is very thing and straightforward, making our 80% use case trivial to work with. Yet we have the flexibility to do whatever we want for the edge cases that always come up with complicate applications.
We have a very large base Action Bean which encapsulates the bulk of our CRUD operations that makes call backs in to the individual subclasses specific to the entities and forms.
We also have a large internal tag file library to manage our pages, security, navigation, tasks, etc. A simple CRUD edit form is little more than a list of field names, and we get all of the chrome and menus and access controls "for free".
The beauty of this is that we get to keep the HTTP request based metaphor that we like and we get to choose the individual parts of the system rather than use one fat stack. The Stripes layer is lean and mean, and never gets in our way.
We have a bunch of Ajax integrating YUI and JQuery, all working against our Stripes and EJB stack painlessly.
I also ported a lighter version of the stack to GAE for a sample project, basically having to do minor work to our EJB tier. So, the entire stack is very nimble and amicable to change. Stripes is a big factor of that since we let it do the few things that it does, and does very well. Then delegate the rest to other parts of the stack.
As always there are parts folks would rather have different at times, but Stripes would be the last part to go in our stack, frankly. It could be better at supporting the full HTTP verb set, but I'd rather fix Stripes to do that better than switch over to something else.
We use stripes now on all our production sites, and have been for about a year now. It is an awesome product compared to struts, which we used to use before that. Just the fact that there are literally no XML config files and that you can set it all up with a minimal amount of classes and annotations is awesome.
In terms of scaling & speed it actually seems to be better than struts, and my guess would be because there are less layers involved. The code you end up with is a lot cleaner as well, because you don't have to go off to seperate XML files to find out where redirects are going.
We use it with an EJB3 backend, and the two seem to work really well together, because you can use your EJB POJO inside your actionBean object, without needing a form object like in struts.
In our evaluation we considered an alpha version of struts (that supported annotations) and a lot of other frameworks, but stripes won because of it's superior documentation, stability and clean-ness.
Couldn't figure out how to leave a comment: so to answer your second question we haven't encountered a single bug in Stripes that I know of. This is quite impressive for an open source framework. I haven't tried the latest version (1.5) yet, but 1.4.x is very stable.
We converted a home-grown web framework to stripes in about a week. We're using it in production at this time and it's a great framework. The community is extremely helpful, and the framework doesn't get in your way. It can be extended in many places to change the behavior as you see fit. The url binding feature is awesome as well. We implemented a robust security framework using annotations and interceptors. We're using spring for dependency injection and stripes has excellent support for that.
I'd definitely use the new 1.5 release if you're going to use it.
I'm a huge fan of the framework. I came from a struts background and it's the exact framework I was looking for. The other developers on our team really enjoy using the stripes framework.
I just bought the stripes beta book from the pragmatic programmer's site. It's a great resource on Stripes 1.5.
We have now used Stripes in multiple production projects and so far the experience has been great. Setup time is low and the configuration management issues seem to be fewer. We have webapps running with Stripes/Dojo/Hibernate and others with a mix of Stripes/Spring/JSP/Jquery etc. Adding Stripes to our existing projects was fairly simple thanks to their support for integrating existing Spring configurations. Using Stripes with JSP is fun although sometimes you do feel the need to code in Java and not have to use the JSTL so much.
Note:
This is an old question, but given that it pops up pretty fast when you search for Stripes usage, I am adding a response to it.
I also came from a Struts and JSF background into Stripes. I went from a large enterprise environment that used mostly struts and JSF on newer projects, to a smaller environment that did all their J2EE in Stripes.
Seems like Stripes gives you what you want in a Web Framework without getting in the way too much. Not much configuration is necessary, as others have already mentioned. Very quick development and allows you to focus on presentation etc. instead of hassling with the framework.
If I had to start a fresh new project and I had my say, I would choose either Stripes or JSF. I might have been scared away from Stripes if I had to make the decision to switch to it, because it kind of looks/feels like a sourceforge basement project instead of a enterprise-grade framework, but it seems to be fairly solid. We use Stripernate for easy ORM.
However, it reminds me of Fruit Stripe gum, which lost its flavor WAY TOO FAST.
Stripes is yesterdays technology, if you can pick something a little more modern like GWT.

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