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Spring IllegalStateException: A JTA EntityManager cannot use getTransaction()

So after a big refactoring project, I am left with this exception and am unsure as how to correct it. It's dealing with some code that I did not write and I am unfamiliar with how it all works. There are other questions out there dealing with this exception, but none seem to fit my situation.
The class which uses EntityManager is SpecialClaimsCaseRepositoryImpl:
package com.redacted.sch.repository.jpa;
//Imports
#Repository
public class SpecialClaimsCaseRepositoryImpl extends SimpleJpaRepository<SpecialClaimsCaseDto, SpecialClaimsCaseDto.Id> implements SpecialClaimsCaseRepository{
#PersistenceContext(unitName = "schManager")
private EntityManager em;
//Some autogenerated methods
public void setEntityManager(EntityManager em) {
this.em = em;
}
public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
return em;
}
}
Persistence.xml:
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
version="1.0">
<persistence-unit name="schManager">
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
<jta-data-source>jdbc/SCH_DS</jta-data-source>
<class>com.redacted.sch.domain.model.SpecialClaimsCaseDto</class>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class" value="org.hibernate.transaction.WebSphereExtendedJTATransactionLookup" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class" value="net.sf.ehcache.hibernate.SingletonEhCacheRegionFactory" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="com.bcbsks.hibernate.dialect.DB2Dialect" />
<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.generate_statistics" value="false" />
<property name="hibernate.jdbc.use_scrollable_resultset" value="true" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
sch_model_spring.xml:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.redacted.repository.jpa,
com.redacted.sch.domain.model,
com.redacted.sch.repository.jpa,
com.redacted.sch.service,
com.redacted.sch.service.impl"/>
<tx:annotation-driven />
<tx:jta-transaction-manager />
<!-- Data source used for testing -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.ibm.db2.jcc.DB2Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:db2:redacted.redacted.com" />
<property name="username" value="redacted" />
<property name="password" value="redacted" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="schManager" />
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
</beans>
And here's my project structure:
>
Here's a portion of the stack trace, with the full trace at this fpaste
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: A JTA EntityManager cannot use getTransaction()
at org.hibernate.ejb.AbstractEntityManagerImpl.getTransaction(AbstractEntityManagerImpl.java:985)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.DefaultJpaDialect.beginTransaction(DefaultJpaDialect.java:67)
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:380)
... 80 more
I'm a total noob here, so if any other information is needed just ask and I'll update.
Thanks for all the help!

The problem is your configuration. You have hibernate configured for JTA.
<property name="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class" value="org.hibernate.transaction.WebSphereExtendedJTATransactionLookup" />
Whereas you are using local transactions instead of distributed transactions.
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doBegin(JpaTransactionManager.java:380)
You have 2 possible solutions
remove the JpaTransactionManager and replace it with a JTA transaction manager
remove the remove the hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class from the hibernate settings.
If you don't really need distributed transactions option 2 is the easiest, if you need distributed transactions simply adding <tx:jta-transaction-manager /> will setup a proper JTA tx manager for your environment. Remove the definition for the JpaTransactionManager.
Update:
Your configuration is flawed in 2 ways.
Your EntityManager configuration already contains a jndi lookup for the datasource, which you override in your applicationContext by configuring a local datasource
You have both a <tx:jta-transaction-manager /> and JpaTransactionManager which one do you want to use? At the moment the latter is overriding the first one.
Create 2 seperate configurations one for local testing and one for production using JTA en JNDI lookups. (Preferable your testing code only overrides the beans necessary).

Use WebSphereTransactionManagerLookup for the transaction manager lookup in Hibernate
<property name="hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class" value="org.hibernate.transaction.WebSphereTransactionManagerLookup" />
and remove your current transaction manager and replace it with the WebSphereUowTransactionManager.
<tx:annotation-driven/>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.WebSphereUowTransactionManager"/>
for your transaction manager lookup in Spring.
See IBM Websphere and Spring docs
for more in depth documentation.

JUnit and Spring: Cannot find persistence.xml - but it does exist

I'm trying to get JUnit to run, but it keeps throwing the following error:
class path resource [META-INF/persistence.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist
The entire stacktrace can be found here: http://codepad.org/OhlyjQKn. It is a Spring project, with Hibernate (also using JPA). The project runs fine - it doesn't complain about any missing files when running it normally (not running the JUnit test)
I try to run the following test:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(locations = { "file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml",
"file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/config/spring-security.xml"})
public class KeyServiceTests {
#Test
public void testKeyCreation() {
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
KeyService keyService = (KeyService) context.getBean("keyService");
// Some testing goes on here
}
}
The entityManagerFactory in applicationContext.xml is defined as follows:
(entire file here: http://codepad.org/UrCtj0pW)
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="hsqldb-ds" />
<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
</bean>
my classpath is src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes - which holds applicationContext.xml and also META-INF/persistence.xml
The persistence.xml is defined as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.0"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">
<persistence-unit name="hsqldb-ds" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<description>HSQLDB Persistence Unit</description>
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:hsqldb:mem:demodb" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="sa" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="" />
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" />
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="validate" />
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="false" />
<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.transaction.flush_before_completion" value="true" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
So yea. It can't find persistence.xml, but it exists where it should exist (relative to the classpath), and the project only complains about the file when running JUnit. Does anyone know what's going on, or what I should be doing to get JUnit to run properly? I'm new to using JUnit with Spring/Hibernate, so I'm probably doing a few things wrong.
Kind regards

I needed to move the META-INF/persistence.xml and applicationContext.xml to src/main/resources to get JUnit to figure out where the necessary files where. The following line in the JUnit test case then changed to this:
#ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
(I also removed the reference to spring-security.xml because it was kind of unnecessary)
Big thanks to user Wintermute!

override spring batch admin to use mysql database

I am trying to use mysql database instead of default HSQL in spring batch admin. For that as per documentation
http://docs.spring.io/spring-batch-admin/reference/reference.xhtml and Using jndi datasource with spring batch admin
I copied env-context.xml to src/main/resources/META-INF/batch/override/manager/env-context.xml and changed its configuration value from
<value>classpath:batch-${ENVIRONMENT:hsql}.properties</value>
to
<value>classpath:batch-mysql.properties</value>
Below is my full configuration.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- Use this to set additional properties on beans at run time -->
<bean id="placeholderProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:/org/springframework/batch/admin/bootstrap/batch.properties</value>
<value>classpath:batch-default.properties</value>
<value>classpath:batch-mysql.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="false" />
<property name="order" value="1" />
</bean>
</beans>
I also tried coping data-source-context.xml to same folder and changing its configurations to mysql
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/batch" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="root" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true"/>
<property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1"/>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- Initialise the database if enabled: -->
<jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource" enabled="false" ignore-failures="DROPS">
<jdbc:script location="classpath*:/org/springframework/batch/core/schema-drop-mysql.sql"/>
<jdbc:script location="classpath:/org/springframework/batch/core/schema-mysql.sql"/>
<jdbc:script location="classpath:/business-schema-mysql.sql"/>
</jdbc:initialize-database>
</beans>
But it still using hsql database? How to override default configuration to use mysql database ?

You shouldn't replace the <value>classpath:batch-${ENVIRONMENT:hsql}.properties</value>. Instead, pass in an environment variable ENVIRONMENT set to mysql. That should cause all the appropriate components to pick up the correct database. You can read more about that feature here: http://docs.spring.io/spring-batch-admin/reference/infrastructure.html#Environment_Settings

If you want to try using just annotations without any xml configurations - try this
HibernateJpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter = new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter();
jpaVendorAdapter.setDatabase(Database.MYSQL);
It is working. My code is available here - http://github.com/sidnan/spring-batch-example.

I was able to get the connection working with above approach with below steps
First, I copied env-context.xml to src/main/resources/META-INF/batch/override/manager/env-context.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>`
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">`
<!-- Use this to set additional properties on beans at run time -->
<bean id="placeholderProperties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>classpath:/org/springframework/batch/admin/bootstrap/batch.properties</value>
<value>classpath:batch-default.properties</value>
<value>classpath:batch-${ENVIRONMENT:sqlserver}.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" />
<property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
<property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="false" />
<property name="order" value="1" />
</bean>
</beans>
After that, put the following entries in batch-sqlserver.properties of sql server under resources as
# Default placeholders for database platform independent features
batch.remote.base.url=http://localhost:8080/spring-batch-admin-sample
# Non-platform dependent settings that you might like to change
batch.jdbc.driver=com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver
batch.jdbc.url=jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;databaseName=batchrepo
batch.jdbc.user=la
batch.jdbc.password=la
atch.jdbc.testWhileIdle=true
batch.data.source.init=false
batch.jdbc.validationQuery=
batch.database.incrementer.class=org.springframework.jdbc.support.incrementer.SqlServerMaxValueIncrementer
batch.lob.handler.class=org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.DefaultLobHandler
batch.database.incrementer.parent=columnIncrementerParent
batch.grid.size=2
batch.jdbc.pool.size=6
batch.verify.cursor.position=true
batch.isolationlevel=ISOLATION_SERIALIZABLE
batch.initializer.enabled=false
Since my tables were already created in the database, I skipped these entries:
#batch.drop.script=/org/springframework/batch/core/schema-drop-sqlserver.sql
#batch.schema.script=/org/springframework/batch/core/schema-sqlserver.sql
#batch.business.schema.script=business-schema-sqlserver.sql
Finally, with batch.initializer.enabled=false, I was finally able to make the connection.
I can monitor the job as well as lunch the new jobs in my admin application. These launched jobs also appear in the DB.

Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' -> Cannot parse persistence unit from class path resource [META-INF/persistence.xml]

I have this problem in my j2e application and I can't find any solution.
Build was successful but there is thrown runtime exception. I tried many advices from google but nothing can solve my problem.
SEVERE: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/datasource-config.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Cannot parse persistence unit from class path resource [META-INF/persistence.xml]
entityManagerFactory in data-source
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<bean id="dataSource" class="oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource" >
<property name="connectionCachingEnabled" value="true" />
<property name="URL" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/postgres" />
<property name="user" value="postgres" />
<property name="password" value="" />
</bean>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="showSql" value="true" />
<property name="generateDdl" value="true" />
<property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect" />
</bean>
</property>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="default" />
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" />
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" />
persistence.xml
<persistence-unit name="default" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<class>com.example.j2eeapp.domain.UserEntity</class>
</persistence-unit>

Firstly, java compiler will not validate the existence of persistence.xml during compile time. The error only happen at runtime.
Stack trace you're getting is pretty clear, your program could not locate persistence.xml on classpath.
The location of persistence.xml within your jar has to be: META-INF/persistence.xml, or if it's war: WEB-INF/classes/META-INF/persistence.xml

I've had similar problem, but in my xml-file I've had correct path to persistence.xml. Problem was in that relations between my entities was wrong. Also I've had wrong import for date (I used Spring Data JPA which doesn't use sql.Date)

1)Please check your datasource class it says oracle.jdbc.pool.OracleDataSource
2)Check your db details- username, password, driver URL
If the above details are correct.
3)Create a database in the back-end and try to refer it. And make sure all your tables and entities that your code is referring, are present.
4)clean your tomcat(web server) and try to restart your application
I had the same issue. Resolved it using the above steps.
Hope this helps !!!

Does JPA require the Datasources come from JNDI?

I'm using Spring in Tomcat for my webapp. My datasources are built in Spring then published to JNDI using org.springframework.jndi.JndiTemplate. This is clunky for a few reasons, but my main problem is that it's difficult to control the database being used (which I want to do for testing). Is it possible to use JPA without using JNDI as a lookup service? Ideally, I'd be able to provide the data sources directly to JPA, or through some other method that doesn't rely on a container for the implementation (I have investigated JNDI implementations that aren't provided by a container, but they're not right for my needs).

You can specify a datasource in your spring configuration file. Here is an excerpt from mine which uses a MySql Database. To view the full configuration file and project view the source on GitHub.
<!-- Database -->
<bean id="datasource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/to_thought_tutorial" />
<property name="username" value="tutorial" />
<property name="password" value="tutorial" />
</bean>
<!-- Entity Manager -->
<bean id="entityManagerFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="datasource" />
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="tothought-tutorial" />
</bean>
I would also encourage you to visit my blog which contains a video describing how to setup a datasource: http://tothought.cloudfoundry.com/post/4
The Spring documentation also includes examples of how to setup a datasource that does not rely upon JNDI: http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.2.x/spring-framework-reference/html/jdbc.html#jdbc-datasource

You can define a data source connection directly in your persistence.xml for any given persistence unit:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<persistence-unit name="BlahBlah" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/db_name"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="xxx"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
If you're not using Hibernate, you can lookup your providers properties, or use the JPA2 standard properties javax.persistence.jdbc.user, javax.persistence.jdbc.password, javax.persistence.jdbc.url etc.