JAXB: How to avoid repeated namespace definition for xmlns:xsi - java

I have a JAXB setup where I use a #XmlJavaTypeAdapter to replace objects of type Person with objects of type PersonRef that only contains the person's UUID. This works perfectly fine. However, the generated XML redeclares the same namespace (xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance") every time it's used. While this is generally okay, it just doesn't feel right.
How can I configure JAXB to declare xmlns:xsi at the very beginning of the document? Can I manually add namespace declarations to the root element?
Here's an example of what I want to achive:
Current:
<person uuid="6ec0cf24-e880-431b-ada0-a5835e2a565a">
<relation type="CHILD">
<to xsi:type="personRef" uuid="56a930c0-5499-467f-8263-c2a9f9ecc5a0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"/>
</relation>
<relation type="CHILD">
<to xsi:type="personRef" uuid="6ec0cf24-e880-431b-ada0-a5835e2a565a" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"/>
</relation>
<!-- SNIP: some more relations -->
</person>
Wanted:
<person uuid="6ec0cf24-e880-431b-ada0-a5835e2a565a" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<relation type="CHILD">
<to xsi:type="personRef" uuid="56a930c0-5499-467f-8263-c2a9f9ecc5a0"/>
</relation>
<relation type="CHILD">
<to xsi:type="personRef" uuid="6ec0cf24-e880-431b-ada0-a5835e2a565a"/>
</relation>
<!-- SNIP: some more relations -->
</person>

Not that pretty but you could add an empty schemaLocation to the root element:
marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_SCHEMA_LOCATION, "");

It looks like a JAXB customization Namespace mapper issue
When you marshall an XML document using JAXB 1.0, a Marshaller object, a JAXB object that controls the process of marshalling, provides namespace declarations in the resulting XML document. Sometimes the Marshaller produces a lot of namespace declarations that look redundant, for example:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<root>
<ns1:element xmlns:ns1="urn:foo"> ... </ns1:element>
<ns2:element xmlns:ns2="urn:foo"> ... </ns2:element>
<ns3:element xmlns:ns3="urn:foo"> ... </ns3:element>
</root>
JAXB 2.0 changes this behavior. If you use JAXB 2.0 (or later) to marshal an XML document, the Marshaller declares all statically known namespace Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs), that is, those URIs that are used as element or attribute names in JAXB annotations.
JAXB may also declare additional namespaces in the middle of an XML document, for example when a qualified name (QName) that is used as an attribute or element value requires a new namespace URI, or when a Document Object Model (DOM) node in a content tree requires a new namespace URI. This behavior might produce an XML document that has a lot of namespace declarations with automatically-generated namespace prefixes.
The problem is that automatically-generated namespace prefixes such as ns1, ns2, and ns3, are not user friendly -- they typically do not help people understand the marshalled XML.
Fortunately, JAXB 2.0 (or later) provides a service provider interface (SPI) named com.sun.xml.bind.marshaller.NamespacePrefixMapper that you can use to specify more helpful namespace prefixes for marshalling.
When the JAXBSample program marshalls the XML document the first time, it does it without using a NamespacePrefixMapper class. As a result, the Marshaller automatically generates a namespace prefix, in this case, ns2.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<ns2:JustAnElement xmlns:ns2="a">
<foo>true</foo>
</ns2:JustAnElement>
Example of a configuration avoiding the namespace repetition:
The second marshalling done by the JAXBSample program uses a NamespacePrefixMapper class as follows:
NamespacePrefixMapper m = new PreferredMapper();
marshal(jc, e, m);
public static class PreferredMapper extends NamespacePrefixMapper {
#Override
public String getPreferredPrefix(String namespaceUri, String suggestion, boolean requirePrefix) {
return "mappedNamespace" + namespaceUri;
}
}
The getPreferredPrefix() method in the PreferredMapper class returns the preferred prefix, in this case, mappedNamespacea to be declared at the root element of the marshalled XML.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<mappedNamespacea:JustAnElement xmlns:mappedNamespacea="a">
<foo>true</foo>
</mappedNamespacea:JustAnElement>

You can do it with the code:
marshaller.setProperty("com.sun.xml.bind.namespacePrefixMapper", new NamespacePrefixMapper() {
#Override
public String[] getPreDeclaredNamespaceUris() {
return new String[] {
XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_INSTANCE_NS_URI
};
}
#Override
public String getPreferredPrefix(String namespaceUri, String suggestion, boolean requirePrefix) {
if (namespaceUri.equals(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_INSTANCE_NS_URI))
return "xsi";
if (namespaceUri.equals(XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI))
return "xs";
if (namespaceUri.equals(WellKnownNamespace.XML_MIME_URI))
return "xmime";
return suggestion;
}
});

if you're using Maven then just add this to your pom:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2</version>
<type>jar</type>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
no need for PreferredMapper if you configure your annotations as defined in the example above. Although I have a package-info.jave file confugures as follows:
#javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSchema(
namespace = "mylovelynamespace1",
xmlns = {
#javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlNs(prefix = "myns1", namespaceURI = "mylovelynamespace1"),
#javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlNs(prefix = "myns2", namespaceURI = "mylovelynamespace2")
},
elementFormDefault = javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlNsForm.QUALIFIED)
package com.mylovelycompanyname.package;

This is the best answer I find it in the web.
The xsi:type declarations are most likely being created because the declared type of the JAXBElement does not match the type of the value.
If the ObjectFactory has a create method for the correct JAXBElement you should use that since it should correctly populate both the QName and the type info; otherwise I would try setting the declared type (second constructor arg) of the JAXBElement to String.class (assuming this is the type of commentTest) instead of CommentType.Comment.
Source:
http://www.java.net/forum/topic/glassfish/metro-and-jaxb/how-do-i-remove-namespace-declarations-child-elements
Owner:
cbrettin

You can let the namespaces be written only once. You will need a proxy class of the XMLStreamWriter and a package-info.java. Then you will do in your code:
StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();
XMLStreamWriter writer = new Wrapper((XMLStreamWriter) XMLOutputFactory
.newInstance().createXMLStreamWriter(stringWriter));
JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(Collection.class);
Marshaller jaxbMarshaller = jaxbContext.createMarshaller();
jaxbMarshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, Boolean.TRUE);
jaxbMarshaller.marshal(books, writer);
System.out.println(stringWriter.toString());
Proxy class (the important method is "writeNamespace"):
class WrapperXMLStreamWriter implements XMLStreamWriter {
private final XMLStreamWriter writer;
public WrapperXMLStreamWriter(XMLStreamWriter writer) {
this.writer = writer;
}
//keeps track of what namespaces were used so that not to
//write them more than once
private List<String> namespaces = new ArrayList<String>();
public void init(){
namespaces.clear();
}
public void writeStartElement(String localName) throws XMLStreamException {
init();
writer.writeStartElement(localName);
}
public void writeStartElement(String namespaceURI, String localName) throws XMLStreamException {
init();
writer.writeStartElement(namespaceURI, localName);
}
public void writeStartElement(String prefix, String localName, String namespaceURI) throws XMLStreamException {
init();
writer.writeStartElement(prefix, localName, namespaceURI);
}
public void writeNamespace(String prefix, String namespaceURI) throws XMLStreamException {
if(namespaces.contains(namespaceURI)){
return;
}
namespaces.add(namespaceURI);
writer.writeNamespace(prefix, namespaceURI);
}
// .. other delegation method, always the same pattern: writer.method() ...
}
package-info.java:
#XmlSchema(elementFormDefault=XmlNsForm.QUALIFIED, attributeFormDefault=XmlNsForm.UNQUALIFIED ,
xmlns = {
#XmlNs(namespaceURI = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", prefix = "xsi")})
package your.package;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlNs;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlNsForm;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSchema;

It's XML, so you could process the output using DOM or XSLT to get rid of multiple namespace references.

Add your nsPrefix mapping by doing this:
marshaller.setNamespaceMapping("myns","urn:foo");

Related

Generic JAXB to different XMLs wrapped by same XML

I have a XML in which some common part that wrappes a specific part that can change in any way.
For example I would have to manage these 2 XML (simplified):
...
<xml>
<common>
<data1>1</data1>
<data2>2</data2>
</common>
<specific>
<specific-info>
<color>blue</color>
</specific-info>
</specific>
</xml>
...
And this one:
...
<xml>
<common>
<data1>33</data1>
<data2>42</data2>
</common>
<specific>
<another-info>
<age>42</age>
</another-info>
</specific>
</xml>
...
So I've inherit this code (simplified), using JAXB, that works:
#XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
#XmlType(name = "", propOrder = {})
#XmlRootElement(name = "xml")
public class Specific{
#XmlElement(name = "common", required = true)
protected CommonData common;
#XmlElement(name = "specific")
protected SpecificInfo specificInfo;
#XmlElement(name = "specific")
protected AnotherInfo anotherInfo;
// getters and setters
}
The problem is that when a new sort of info arrives I've to add new XMLElement with same name and I think that it smells... And also that they are getters an setters for each of it.
There's another way to afford this? It's a standar way to unwrap a wrapped XML with JAXB?
In the way that #fisc showed me I used in my bean #XmlAnyElement in his way:
#XmlAnyElement(lax=true)
public Object[] others;
Which gets the specific part of the xml as an xml DOM object and ALSO this method to get the actual object and not a DOM representation of whatever there is in the xml:
#SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public <T> T getOthersParsedAs(Class<T> clazz) throws JAXBException{
JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(clazz);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller();
T res = (T) unmarshaller.unmarshal((Node)others[0]);
if (res instanceof JAXBElement){
res = (T)JAXBIntrospector.getValue(res);
}
return res;
}
This way I cant get them with:
Specific spec = ...
SpecificInfo info = spec.getOthersParsedAs(SpecificInfo.class);
or:
AnotherInfo info = spec.getOthersParsedAs(AnotherInfo .class);
UPDATE:
I've done a method to insert any object to that xml in that node (ugly but shows all the code in same method):
public <T> void setOthersInXML(T data) throws JAXBException, ParserConfigurationException{
JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(data.getClass());
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db= dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = db.newDocument();
Marshaller marshaller = context.createMarshaller();
marshaller.marshal(data, document);
others = new Object[]{document.getDocumentElement()};
}
And is used like a setter.
Edited again
Because I found a problem: if the class haven't well defined the XMLRootElement getOthersParsedAs will return you a JAXBElement object and this could be problematic, so I've added the check to the method
If I understand your need, you want to be able to get content of another elements into <specific/> ?
so maybe you can take a look to #XmlAnyElement depending on the structure your want to catch.
you might be interested in lax attribute aiming to preserve the processing of specificInfo and anotherInfo
#XmlAnyElement(lax="true")
public Object[] others;

How do I programmatically create XML from Java?

I am trying to programmatically create XML elements using JAXB in Java. Is this possible? I am reading this page here for something I can use, but have so far found nothing.
Usually you start by defining a bean
#XmlRootElement public class MyXML {
private String name;
public String getName() { return name; }
#XmlElement public void setName(String s) { this.name = s; }
}
and serialize it with code like
public class Serializer {
static public void main(String[] args) {
MyXML m = new MyXML();
m.setName("Yo");
JAXBContext jaxbContext = JAXBContext.newInstance(MyXML.class);
Marshaller jaxbMarshaller = jaxbContext.createMarshaller();
jaxbMarshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
jaxbMarshaller.marshal(m, new File("MyXML_"+ ".xml"));
}
}
that whould produce the following XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<myXML>
<name>Yo</name>
</myXML>
How would I program my Java class to create the element tag name depending on what is entered in the program? For instance in my example the tag element is called 'name'. How could I set this at runtime though? Is this possible with generics or some other way?
The B in JAXB stands for Bean so no, there's no way to use JAXB without defining beans.
You just want to dinamically create an XML so take a look at jOOX for example (link to full Gist)
Document document = JOOX.builder().newDocument();
Element root = document.createElement("contacts");
document.appendChild(root);
for (String name : new String[]{"John", "Jessica", "Peter"}) {
$(root).append(
$("contact"
, $("name", name)
, $("active", "true")
)
);
}
Here, you use annotation before compile-time while you have no knowledge yet of the format you will need.. Marshalling this way is not that different from serializing, and it basically map directly the fields of a java object to an XML representation --> (if something is not defined in the object, it won't appear in the representation).
What you thrive to do looks like simple xml crafting (a XML parser would be enough S(t)AX/DOM whatever -- I like Jackson).
For the sake of curiosity, if you really want to fiddle with annotation you can use a bit of reflection in conjonction with the answer you will find here

How to map a XML ignoring namespace using JAXB?

I'm receiving a XML from a web service with the following format:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<string xmlns="http://someurl.com">somethingheresomethinghere</string>
And I'm trying to unmarshall this to a POJO that looks like this:
#XmlRootElement(name="string")
public class StringValue {
#XmlValue
private String value;
public StringValue () {
}
}
And my unmarshalling code is this:
public T xmlToObject(Class<T> contextPath, Reader reader) throws Exception {
JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(contextPath);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = context.createUnmarshaller();
unmarshaller.setEventHandler(new XMLValidationEventHandler());
T objectToConvert = (T) unmarshaller.unmarshal(reader);
return objectToConvert;
}
But I'm getting the following error:
unexpected element (uri:"http://someurl.com", local:"string"). Expected
elements are <{}string>
If the namespace in the XML were to be omitted from it, then it will work, but instead of altering the XML I want to know how can I make it so the namespace part doesn't cause me any trouble when marshalling or unmarshalling with JAXB.
How can I achieve this behaviour?
You can map the namespace using the package level #XmlSchema annotation.
#XmlSchema(
namespace = "http://someurl.com",
elementFormDefault = XmlNsForm.QUALIFIED)
package example;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.*;
For More Information
I have written more about JAXB and namespace qualification on my blog:
http://blog.bdoughan.com/2010/08/jaxb-namespaces.html

MOXy Dynamix JAXB context unmarshalls to wrong property names

I am currently trying to unmarshall the following XML file using the DynamicJaxbContext from MOXy:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<request xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://somehost.com/schema_schedule_request.xsd">
<header>
<originator>MySatelliteCompany</originator>
<recipient>Recipient</ recipient>
<schedule_valid_from>2008-12-17T00:00:00Z</schedule_valid_from>
<schedule_valid_to>2008-12-18T00:00:07Z</schedule_valid_to>
<request_reference>HGT4285T3</request_reference>
<generation_time>2008-12-16T08:24:00Z</generation_time>
</header>
<body>
<schedule_request>
<start_time>2008-12-17T09:30:47Z</start_time>
<end_time>2008-12-17T09:33:47Z</end_time>
<satellite_name>MySat</satellite_name>
</schedule_request>
</body>
</request>
It works but the dynamically created Java classes' properties do not correspond to the fields given in the XML. For example: <satellite_name> is unmarshalled to "satelliteName". This makes writing a custom binding file for my backend API quite difficult, because I would have to first either unmarshall all XML files I will get as Input and manually write down the corresponding property names or write another helper app which does this for me.
Is there any way to change this MOXy behavior so it unmarshalls the field names correctly as they are in the XML?
ADDITION:
So I found why this is in the MOXy Documentation:
XML names found in the metadata (complex type names, element names,
attribute names) will be translated to Java identifiers according to
the algorithms described in "Appendix D: Binding XML Names to Java
Identifiers" of the Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) 2.2
Specification (http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=222). - See more at:
http://www.eclipse.org/eclipselink/documentation/2.4/moxy/dynamic_jaxb001.htm#BABCDJDF
but my principle question still stands: is there any way to shut this off or modify this behavior?
Your ADDITION is correct, MOXy isn't unmarshalling wrong property names, it just unmarshals to property names that correspond to what the mapped property/field names would be in the generated classes.
What the Solution Should Be
binding.xml
The default XML Schema to Java naming rules in JAXB is to remove the _. You can supply a binding file to have this behaviour be different.
<jaxb:bindings
xmlns:jaxb="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb"
version="2.1">
<jaxb:globalBindings underscoreBinding="asCharInWord"/>
</jaxb:bindings>
Demo
Using MOXy's Dynamic JAXB, below is an example of how you can leverage the bindings file.
import java.io.File;
import java.util.*;
import javax.xml.bind.*;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import org.eclipse.persistence.dynamic.DynamicEntity;
import org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.dynamic.DynamicJAXBContextFactory;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
StreamSource schemaSource = new StreamSource("src/forum20146935/schema.xsd");
Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<String, Object>(1);
properties.put(DynamicJAXBContextFactory.EXTERNAL_BINDINGS_KEY, new StreamSource("src/forum20146935/binding.xml"));
JAXBContext jc = DynamicJAXBContextFactory.createContextFromXSD(schemaSource, null, Demo.class.getClassLoader(), properties);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jc.createUnmarshaller();
File xml = new File("src/forum20146935/input.xml");
DynamicEntity root = (DynamicEntity) unmarshaller.unmarshal(xml);
System.out.println(root.get("foo_bar"));
}
}
Why Didn't it Work?
As I mentioned earlier MOXy will base the dynamic property name based on the corresponding mapped field/property generated by XJC. This happens to look something like where the property name has the _ but the corresponding mapped field does not.
#XmlElement(name = "foo_bar", required = true)
protected String fooBar;
public String getFoo_Bar() {
return fooBar;
}
public void setFoo_Bar(String value) {
this.fooBar = value;
}
What you Could Do Instead
Use the transformed key name.
You could use the getValueByXPath functionality on the MOXy JAXBContext to interact with the objects in a more XML like way.
import java.io.File;
import java.util.*;
import javax.xml.bind.*;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;
import org.eclipse.persistence.dynamic.DynamicEntity;
import org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.JAXBHelper;
import org.eclipse.persistence.jaxb.dynamic.DynamicJAXBContextFactory;
public class Demo {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
StreamSource schemaSource = new StreamSource("src/forum20146935/schema.xsd");
Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<String, Object>(1);
properties.put(DynamicJAXBContextFactory.EXTERNAL_BINDINGS_KEY, new StreamSource("src/forum20146935/binding.xml"));
JAXBContext jc = DynamicJAXBContextFactory.createContextFromXSD(schemaSource, null, Demo.class.getClassLoader(), properties);
Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jc.createUnmarshaller();
File xml = new File("src/forum20146935/input.xml");
DynamicEntity root = (DynamicEntity) unmarshaller.unmarshal(xml);
String fooBar = JAXBHelper.getJAXBContext(jc).getValueByXPath(root, "foo_bar/text()", null, String.class);
System.out.println(fooBar);
}
}

JaxB unmarshal custom xml

I'm currently attempting to unmarshal some existing XML into a few classes I have created by hand. Problem is, I always get an error that tells me, JaxB expects a weather element but finds a weather element. (?)
javax.xml.bind.UnmarshalException: unexpected element (uri:"http://www.aws.com/aws", local:"weather"). Expected elements are <{}api>,<{}location>,<{}weather>
I tried with and without "aws:" in the elements' name.
Here's my weather class:
#XmlRootElement(name = "aws:weather")
public class WeatherBugWeather
{
private WeatherBugApi api;
private List<WeatherBugLocation> locations;
private String uri;
#XmlElement(name="aws:api")
public WeatherBugApi getApi()
{
return this.api;
}
#XmlElementWrapper(name = "aws:locations")
#XmlElement(name = "aws:location")
public List<WeatherBugLocation> getLocations()
{
return this.locations;
}
public void setApi(WeatherBugApi api)
{
this.api = api;
}
public void setLocations(List<WeatherBugLocation> locations)
{
this.locations = locations;
}
#XmlAttribute(name="xmlns:aws")
public String getUri()
{
return this.uri;
}
public void setUri(String uri)
{
this.uri = uri;
}
}
And that's the XML I try to parse:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<aws:weather xmlns:aws="http://www.aws.com/aws">
<aws:api version="2.0" />
<aws:locations>
<aws:location cityname="Jena" statename="" countryname="Germany" zipcode="" citycode="59047" citytype="1" />
</aws:locations>
</aws:weather>
I'm not quite sure what I'm doing wrong. Any hints? I suspect the problem to be the xmlns definition, but I have no idea what to do about it. (You can see that by looking at the uri-property. That was one unsuccessful idea. ^^) And yes, I did try to set the namespace but that rather set's the namespace's uri instead of it's ... name.
I would recommend adding a package-info class in with your domain model with the #XmlSchema annotation to specify the namespace qualification:
package-info
#XmlSchema(
namespace = "http://www.aws.com/aws",
elementFormDefault = XmlNsForm.QUALIFIED)
package com.example.foo;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlNsForm;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlSchema;
Note
Your XmlRootElement and #XmlElement annotation should not contain the namespace prefix. You should have #XmlRootElement(name = "weather") instead of #XmlRootElement(name = "aws:weather")
For More Information
http://blog.bdoughan.com/2010/08/jaxb-namespaces.html
you need namespaces in your code. namespace prefixes are meaningless, you need the actual namespace (i.e. "http://www.aws.com/aws").
#XmlRootElement(name = "weather", namespace="http://www.aws.com/aws")

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