We are using webdriver for our functional tests. But our application uses the showModalDialog JS function a lot to open a popup. When we try to test this functionality with webdriver it hangs from the moment the popup is opened.
We tried several things to test this:
Using the workaround explained here. But this seems to be a fix for selenium and not for webdriver. We tried it but it didn't work.
Searching for a good alternative, HtmlUnit opened the modal dialog and could interact with it, but it has it's drawbacks like no visual help to fix certain tests and it stopped execution when it detected a JS error in a JS library we have to use but have no control over.
How can we test this or work around this problem?
From my experiences with various automation tools interaction with "webpage dialog" windows opened from IE using window.showModalDialog() or window.showModelessDialog() is not available.
Since the window is not a "true" window (look at the taskbar, it doesn't even show up) most tools can't "inspect" it and/or interact with it.
However if you do find a tool that will, please advise - there are many people looking for such a beast.
That all said, if you can possibly avoid using either of these 2 proprietary methods you'll have much more luck.
(and yes, for the picky ones, Firefox and Chrome have adopted these kind of dialogs but they don't work quite the same)
None of the answers answer the question. If the driver hangs, then you can't call any methods on it. The question is NOT about finding the pop up, it is about how to stop the driver hanging. The only way I have found is to not use showModalDialog. This can be done by adding the folowing to your test code :
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.showModalDialog = window.open;");
which calls window.open each time your JavaScript calls window.showModalDialog.
I am using webdriver.SwitchTo().Window() method but my concern is my popup window does not have "Name"
When I use webdriver.WindowHandles it return only one handle, I am using this statement after popup window open.
As I don't have name / handle I cannot switch from parent window to child window.
Any other solution to do the same functionality
First we have to switch to the active element:
driver.switchTo().activeElement();
To check whether we have actually switched to the correct active element:
driver.switchTo().activeElement().getText();
Even if the window doesn't have name u can use
driver.switchTo.defaultcontent();
and perform the operation you want to execute
or else you can get the window handle name using the below command
for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
driver.switchTo().window(handle); }
hope this should work for you.
Issue 284 is for WebDriver. It seems that it will be implemented only after Issue 27 will be implemented, so the fix should be in Beta 1 or 2 of WebDriver.
Set<String> beforePopup = driver.getWindowHandles();
Set<String> afterPopup = driver.getWindowHandles();
afterPopup.removeAll(beforePopup);
if(afterPopup.size()==1){
System.out.println(afterPopup.toArray()[0]);
}
driver.switchTo().window((String) afterPopup.toArray()[0]);
What I have been using and it works great for us on with IE and Firefox is to go through popups
and look for a a unique text on the popup you are trying to interact with. Here is the method, let me know if it works for you. Please note the line driver = driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle);
public void switchWindow(String containingText, WebDriver driver) throws Exception {
if ( StringUtils.isEmpty(containingText))
return;
int counter = 1;
int numOfpopups = driver.getWindowHandles().size();
System.out.println("Waiting for popup to load..... # handles:" + numOfpopups);
while ( numOfpopups < 2 && ((counter%10) != 0) ) {
counter++;
try{Thread.sleep(1000);}catch (Exception e) {}
}
System.out.println("Done waiting for..... " + counter + " seconds");
if (driver.getWindowHandles().size() < 2)
throw new BrowserException("Timeout after " + counter + " secs. No popup present. ");
System.out.println("Going through window handles...");
for (String windowHandle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
driver = driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle);
if ( driver.getPageSource().contains(containingText)
return;
else
continue;
}
throw new Exception("Window containing text '" + containingText + "' not found");
}
To my knowledge, webdriver has no built-in functionality to handle modal windows as of now. Webdriver will hang once you click button which opens modal window. This happens due to JS on parent window halts until child window is closed.
To handle modal windows such as this one, see below for possible workaround written in Java. The main idea is to perform action that opens modal window (click on the button) in new thread.
/**
* Click button to open modal window and switch to it
* #param we webElement handle of a button
*/
public void clickToOpenModal(final WebElement we) {
//Get handles of all opened windows before opening modal window
Set<String> initWindowHandles = getDriverInstance().getWindowHandles();
//Create new thread and click button to open window
Thread thread1 = new Thread() {
#Override
public void run() {
//Click button
click(we);
}
};
thread1.start();
//Wait for window to appear
waitForWindow(initWindowHandles, pauseL);
thread1.interrupt();
thread1 = null;
//Get handles of all opened windows after opening modal window
Iterator<String> it = getDriverInstance().getWindowHandles().iterator();
//Select handle of modal window
String windowHandle = "";
while(it.hasNext()){
windowHandle = it.next();
}
//Switch focus and work on the modal window
getDriverInstance().switchTo().window(windowHandle);
}
The solution by Hugh Foster works, i tried this and succeeded
((JavascriptExecutor) driver).executeScript("window.showModalDialog = window.open;");
You can find the url of modal dialog then open it on another tab, it will work as normal.
In case you want to deal with open modal dialog, you can try to send "tab" key for move around objects and "send keys... enter" for setText or click.
Note: Below is some information why you cannot use selenium webdriver for work with that modal.
Modal pop-up - This is very specific to IE, Microsoft defined it as
When Windows Internet Explorer opens a window from a modal or modeless HTML dialog box by using the showModalDialog method or by using the showModelessDialog method, Internet Explorer uses Component Object Model (COM) to create a new instance of the window. Typically, the window is opened by using the first instance of an existing Internet Explorer process. When Internet Explorer opens the window in a new process, all the memory cookies are no longer available, including the session ID. This process is different from the process that Internet Explorer uses to open a new window by using the open method.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536759(VS.85).aspx
MSDN blog on Modal dialog
When user select Model popup, parent window is blocked waiting for the return value from the popup window. You will be not able to see the view source of the page, need to close the popup then only the parent window is activated.
Related
Hi all I am learning Selenium & I am not really clear about how the above two functions work:
Problem Statement:
I have a practice assignment say: Go to http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/
Click on a link> Multiple Windows A Window opens> Click on>> Click Here Another Window opens>> from this window grab text and print it After that go back to this http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/windows and print text.
Flow: http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/>>>http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/windows>>>http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/windows/new
Que1) If I use driver.getWindowHandle() and print it for each window its value remains constant so does this method always returns the parent window or it works differently.
Ques2) When I use driver.getWindowHandles() it is returning 2 values in the set. Does driver.getWindowHandles() return the parent window as well. (I am not sure if there should be 2 or 3 values as I have 3 URLS I thought the set should have 3)
Ques3) Can someone share the most effective way to work with multiple child window id's:
Set with iterator method
People also convert Set to Arraylist and then use get method. [which is a better way]
Code:
driver.get("http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/");
String p1=driver.getWindowHandle();
System.out.println(p1);
text1=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[#href='/windows']"));
text1.click();
WebElement
text2=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[#href='/windows/new']"));
text2.click();
Set<String> child=driver.getWindowHandles();
System.out.println(child.size());
ArrayList<String> children=new ArrayList<String>(child);
System.out.println(children);
driver.switchTo().window(children.get(1));
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[#class='example']/h3")).getText());
driver.close();
driver.switchTo().window(children.get(0));
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[#class='example']/h3")).getText());
driver.switchTo().window("");
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.close();
driver.get("http://the-internet.herokuapp.com/");
String p1=driver.getWindowHandle(); //Gets the newly opened and the only window handle
System.out.println("This is parent window handle " + p1);
text1=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[#href='/windows']"));
text1.click(); //Navigates, no new window opened. Handle remains the same
//WebElement 'Unnecessary code
text2=driver.findElement(By.xpath("//a[#href='/windows/new']"));
text2.click(); //opens second window/tab as per the settings. there are 2 window handles here for current driver instance
Set<String> child=driver.getWindowHandles(); //set of 2
System.out.println(child.size());
// ArrayList<String> children=new ArrayList<String>(child);' modifying this
String strSecondWindowHandle = "";
for(String str : s) // as set is not an ordered collection we need to loop through it to know which position holds which handle.
{
if(str.equalsIgnoreCase(p1) == false) //to check if the window handle is not equal to parent window handle
{
driver.switchTo().window(str) // this is how you switch to second window
strSecondWindowHandle = str;
break;
}
}
// System.out.println(children);
// driver.switchTo().window(children.get(1)); //not required
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[#class='example']/h3")).getText());
driver.close(); // now this will close the second window
driver.switchTo().window(p1); // switches to main window
System.out.println(driver.findElement(By.xpath("//div[#class='example']/h3")).getText());
// driver.switchTo().window(""); //not required as it is the same window
System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());
driver.close(); //closes the main window
So to answer your questions
Window handle is automatically and uniquely assigned by the operating system (Windows) to each newly opened window
Q1 --> Until and unless you explicityly switch the windows, the window handle remains the same. switching is the key here.
Q2 --> Navigating does not change the handles. it is not page specific rather it is window specific. getWindowHandles will return all the open browser windows opened by WebDriver instances that is currently running. Already open windows are not included.
Q3 --> Using the for loop demonstrated above, you open the window, find the ID which is not your parent window handle, store it in a variable. Repeat the procedure for more windows.
You can see in the documentation what are the main differences between getWindowHandle() and getWindowHandles() methods:
getWindowHandle(): Return an opaque handle to this window that uniquely identifies it within this driver instance.
getWindowHandles(): Return a set of window handles which can be used to iterate over all open windows of this WebDriver instance by passing them to switchTo().WebDriver.Options.window()
In simpler terms, driver.getWindowHandles() stores the set of handles for all the pages opened simultaneously, but driver.getWindowHandle() fetches the handle of the web page which is in focus. It gets the address of the active browser and it has a return type of String.
I have problems when switching between two windows. The scenario looks like that:
I open the landing page of the application, then I click on login link, a pop-up window opens, I type the credentials then I click on login button (here the pop-up is automatically closed). After that I have to come back to original window, and proceed with other actions, since I have logged-in into the application.
The problem is that, it happens very often that I am not able to switch back to parent window, after pop-up is automatically closed, and the webdriver it just hanging, without doing anything, no error is thrown.
I have tried all kind of solutions found on google, but nothing really worked all the time.
Last piece of code that I tried is the one below:
getLandingPageObject().performClickOnEmailLink();
getDriver().manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Iterator<String> it = handles.iterator();
// iterate through your windows
while (it.hasNext()) {
String parent = it.next();
String newwin = it.next();
getDriver().switchTo().window(newwin);
typeLoginCredentials(username, password);
performClickOnLoginButton();
Thread.sleep(5000);
getDriver().switchTo().window(parent);
}
}
loginShouldBeSuccessful();
I use Firefox 47.0.1 and Selenium 2.53.1
Any idea how could I fix this problem?
Thank you!
Before clicking on login link get the parent window
String parentWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();
Switch to your new window after clicking the login link (this is just one of the approaches)
for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) {
driver.switchTo().window(handle);
}
After finishing login, go back to your parent window
driver.switchTo().window(secondWinHandle);
There seems to be an issue with the logic used in the code. When you use:
Iterator it = handles.iterator();
the number of windows open is 2, so the conditional loop will be executed twice regardless of the the action performed within (I.e login and window closing automatically.
In the second iteration the parent window handle will be overwritten and the driver can't switch to it anymore.
In order to avoid this, you'll have to fetch and store your parent window handle either outside the loop or only once within. Code snippet with modification for the first solution is pasted below. Moving
String parent = it.next();
Outside the loop captures the parent window handle and retains the value.
Iterator<String> it = handles.iterator();
String parent = it.next();
// iterate through your windows
while (it.hasNext()) {
String newwin = it.next();
getDriver().switchTo().window(newwin);
typeLoginCredentials
(username,password);
performClickOnLoginButton();
Thread.sleep(5000);
}
getDriver().switchTo().window(newwin);
loginShouldBeSuccessful();
I am checking whether or not a page appears using Selenium. When I click the page, however, a printer print prompt appears (like the window that says select printer and such). How can I have Selenium close this window by hitting cancel?
I tried looking to alerts, but it seems like those will not work since the print window is a system prompt. It does not recognize any alerts appearing.
The most recent I tried using is by just sending keys like tab and enter in order to have the cancel button selected, however, it doesn't recognize any keys as being pressed.
How can I handle this case?
public static boolean printButton() throws Exception {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("website");
try {
Thread.sleep(3000);
WebElement temp = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[#id='block-print-ui-print-links']/div/span/a"));
temp.click();
Actions action = new Actions(driver);
action.sendKeys(Keys.TAB).sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
Thread.sleep(6000);
}
catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("No button.");
driver.close();
return false;
}
I would simply disable the print dialog by overriding the print method :
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("window.print=function(){};");
But if you goal is to test that the printing is called then :
// get the print button
WebElement print_button = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("..."));
// click on the print button and wait for print to be called
driver.manage().timeouts().setScriptTimeout(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeAsyncScript(
"var callback = arguments[1];" +
"window.print = function(){callback();};" +
"arguments[0].click();"
, print_button);
If you are going for testing only Chrome browser here is mine solution. Because of 'Robot' class or disabling print didn't work for my case.
// Choosing the second window which is the print dialog.
// Switching to opened window of print dialog.
driver.switchTo().window(driver.getWindowHandles().toArray()[1].toString());
// Runs javascript code for cancelling print operation.
// This code only executes for Chrome browsers.
JavascriptExecutor executor = (JavascriptExecutor) driver.getWebDriver();
executor.executeScript("document.getElementsByClassName('cancel')[0].click();");
// Switches to main window after print dialog operation.
driver.switchTo().window(driver.getWindowHandles().toArray()[0].toString());
Edit: In Chrome 71 this doesn't seem to work anymore since the script can't find the Cancel button. I could make it work by changing the line to:
executor.executeScript("document.querySelector(\"print-preview-app\").shadowRoot.querySelector(\"print-preview-header\").shadowRoot.querySelector(\"paper-button.cancel-button\").click();");
Actually you can't handle windows (OS) dialogs inside Selenium WebDriver.
This what the selenium team answers here
The current team position is that the print dialog is out of scope for
the project. WebDriver/Selenium is focused on emulating a user's
interaction with the rendered content of a web page. Other aspects of
the browser including, but not limited to print dialogs, save dialogs,
and browser chrome, are all out of scope.
You can try different approach like AutoIt
we can also use key for handling the print or press the cancel button operation. and it works for me.
driver.switchTo().window(driver.getWindowHandles().toArray()[1].toString());
WebElement webElement = driver.findElement(By.tagName("body"));
webElement.sendKeys(Keys.TAB);
webElement.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER);
driver.switchTo().window(driver.getWindowHandles().toArray()[0].toString());
Native window based dialog can be handled by AutoItX as described in the following code
File file = new File("lib", jacobDllVersionToUse);
System.setProperty(LibraryLoader.JACOB_DLL_PATH, file.getAbsolutePath());
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.joecolantonio.com/SeleniumTestPage.html");
WebElement printButton = driver.findElement(By.id("printButton"));
printButton.click();
AutoItX x = new AutoItX();
x.winActivate("Print");
x.winWaitActive("Print");
x.controlClick("Print", "", "1058");
x.ControlSetText("Print", "", "1153", "50");
Thread.sleep(3000); //This was added just so you could see that the values did change.
x.controlClick("Print", "", "2");
Reference : http://www.joecolantonio.com/2014/07/21/selenium-how-to-handle-windows-based-dialogs-and-pop-ups/
Sometimes 2 different statements as above (webElement.sendKeys(Keys.TAB)
webElement.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER)) will not work, you can use with combination of Tab and Enter keys as below, This will close the Print preview window.
Using C# :
Driver.SwitchTo().Window(Driver.WindowHandles[1]);
IWebElement element = Driver.FindElement(By.TagName("body"));
element.SendKeys(Keys.Tab + Keys.Enter);
Driver.SwitchTo().Window(Driver.WindowHandles[0]);
Erçin Akçay answer updated.
// Choosing the second window which is the print dialog.
// Switching to opened window of print dialog.
driver.switchTo().window(driver.getWindowHandles().toArray()[1].toString());
// Runs javascript code for cancelling print operation.
// This code only executes for Chrome browsers.
JavascriptExecutor js = (JavascriptExecutor)driver;
js.executeScript("document.querySelector(\"body > print-preview-app\").shadowRoot.querySelector(\"#sidebar\").shadowRoot.querySelector(\"print-preview-button-strip\").shadowRoot.querySelector(\"div > cr-button.cancel-button\").click();");
// Switches to main window after print dialog operation.
driver.switchTo().window(driver.getWindowHandles().toArray()[0].toString());
I run my selenium rc test in Eclipse with TestNG. I have a link which tries to open a new browser page. How can I select this new page to operate in? I use this code:
selenium.selectWindow("name=NewPage");
however it says page not found. I also try to define page ids or titles with this code:
String[] wins = selenium.getAllWindowIds();
for (String s : wins)
System.out.println("win: " + s);
It does not define my new opened window:
win: MainPage
win:
If use selenium.getAllWindowNames() I get win: selenium_main_app_window
win: selenium_blank65815.
I write this code selenium.selectWindow("name=blank99157"); but get the error - ERROR: Window does not exist. If this looks like a Selenium bug, make sure to read http://seleniumhq.org/docs/02_selenium_ide.html#alerts-popups-and-multiple-windows for potential workarounds.
The window obviously has no name, so you can't select it by name.
If the window is opened via JavaScript and you can change the script, try changing window.open("someUrl"); to window.open("someUrl", "someName");, you'll be then able to select the window by the set name. More information on the MDN doc for window.open().
Selenium RC doesn't support <a href="someUrl" target="_blank"> links (which open the link in a new window). Therefore, if the window is opened by a link of this type, you have to find this <a> element, get the href attribute and call
selenium.openWindow(theFoundUrl, "theNewWindow");
selenium.selectWindow("id=theNewWindow");
If it is opened via JavaScript before or during the onload event, you'll need to call
selenium.openWindow("", "theNewWindow");
selenium.selectWindow("id=theNewWindow");
More information on this in the bug SEL-339 or in the openWindow() and selectWindow() JavaDocs.
If you have only two windows / want to open the newest one, you can try
selenium.selectPopup()
That is, obviously, the easiest way, because it selects the first non-top window. Therefore, it's only useful when you want to select the newest popup.
If the new window has a unique title, you can do
selenium.selectPopup("Title of the window");
or selenium.selectWindow("title=Title of the window");
Otherwise, you must iterate over selenium.getAllWindowNames() to get the right name (Selenium creates names for windows without one). However, you can't hardcode that name into your testcase, because it will change every time, so you'll need to work out some dynamic logic for this.
You won't like this: Go for WebDriver. It should be far more resistant to such problems.
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
WebElement inputhandler = driver.findelement(By.linktext("whatever here"));
inputhandler.click();
String parentHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();
Set<String> PopHandle = driver.getWindowHandles();
Iterator<String> it = PopHandle.iterator();
String ChildHandle = "";
while(it.hasNext())
{
if (it.next() != parentHandle)
{
ChildHandle = it.next().toString();
// because the new window will be the last one opened
}
}
driver.switchTo().window(ChildHandle);
WebDriverWait wait1 = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);
wait1.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("something on page")));
// do whatever you want to do in the page here
driver.close();
driver.switchTo().window(parentHandle);
You might not be using the correct window ID.
Check out this link. You might find your answer here.
Let me know you this helps.
Try selenium.getAllWindowNames(), selenium.getAllWindowTitles()..one of them will work for sure.
I have trawled the web and the WebDriver API. I don't see a way to open new tabs using WebDriver/Selenium2.0 .
Can someone please confirm if I am right?
Thanks,
Chris.
P.S: The current alternative I see is to either load different urls in the same window or open new windows.
There is totally a cross-browser way to do this using webdriver, those who say you can not are just too lazy. First, you need to use WebDriver to inject and anchor tag into the page that opens the tab you want. Here's how I do it (note: driver is a WebDriver instance):
/**
* Executes a script on an element
* #note Really should only be used when the web driver is sucking at exposing
* functionality natively
* #param script The script to execute
* #param element The target of the script, referenced as arguments[0]
*/
public void trigger(String script, WebElement element) {
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(script, element);
}
/** Executes a script
* #note Really should only be used when the web driver is sucking at exposing
* functionality natively
* #param script The script to execute
*/
public Object trigger(String script) {
return ((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript(script);
}
/**
* Opens a new tab for the given URL
* #param url The URL to
* #throws JavaScriptException If unable to open tab
*/
public void openTab(String url) {
String script = "var d=document,a=d.createElement('a');a.target='_blank';a.href='%s';a.innerHTML='.';d.body.appendChild(a);return a";
Object element = trigger(String.format(script, url));
if (element instanceof WebElement) {
WebElement anchor = (WebElement) element; anchor.click();
trigger("var a=arguments[0];a.parentNode.removeChild(a);", anchor);
} else {
throw new JavaScriptException(element, "Unable to open tab", 1);
}
}
Next, you need to tell webdriver to switch its current window handle to the new tab. Here's how I do that:
/**
* Switches to the non-current window
*/
public void switchWindow() throws NoSuchWindowException, NoSuchWindowException {
Set<String> handles = driver.getWindowHandles();
String current = driver.getWindowHandle();
handles.remove(current);
String newTab = handles.iterator().next();
locator.window(newTab);
}
After this is done, you may then interact with elements in the new page context using the same WebDriver instance. Once you are done with that tab, you can always return back to the default window context by using a similar mechanism to the switchWindow function above. I'll leave that as an exercise for you to figure out.
The Selenium WebDriver API does not support managing tabs within the browser at present.
var windowHandles = webDriver.WindowHandles;
var script = string.Format("window.open('{0}', '_blank');", url);
scriptExecutor.ExecuteScript(script);
var newWindowHandles = webDriver.WindowHandles;
var openedWindowHandle = newWindowHandles.Except(windowHandles).Single();
webDriver.SwitchTo().Window(openedWindowHandle);
I had the same issue and found an answer. Give a try.
Robot r = new Robot();
r.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
r.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_T);
r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
r.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_T);
It will open a new tab you can perform your actions in the new tab.
Though there is no API for opening a new tab, you can just create a new instance of WebDriver calling it something slightly different and passing the URL you want in the new tab. Once you have done all you need to do, close that tab and make the new driver NULL so that it does not interfere with the original instance of Webdriver. If you need both tabs open, then ensure you refer to the appropriate instance of WebDriver. Used this for Sitecore CMS automation and it worked.
Thanks for the great idea #Jonathan Azoff !
Here's how I did it in Ruby:
def open_new_window(url)
a = #driver.execute_script("var d=document,a=d.createElement('a');a.target='_blank';a.href=arguments[0];a.innerHTML='.';d.body.appendChild(a);return a", url)
a.click
#driver.switch_to.window(#driver.window_handles.last)
end
There's no way we can create new TAB or handle tabs using web driver / selenium 2.0
You can open a new window instead.
Hey #Paul and who ever is having issue opening a second tab in python. Here is the solution
I'm not sure if this is a bug within the webdriver or because it isn't compatible yet with mutlitab but it is definitely acting wrong with it and I will show how to fix it.
Issue:
well I see more than one issue.
First issue has to do that when you open a 2nd tab you can only see one handle instead of two.
2nd issue and here is where my solution comes in. It seems that although the handle value is still stored in the driver the window has lost sync with it for reason.
Here is the solution by fixing the 2nd issue:
elem = browser.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[2]/div[4]/div/a") #href link
time.sleep(2)
elem.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL + Keys.RETURN + "2") #Will open a second tab
#solution for the 2nd issue is here
for handle in browser.window_handles:
print "Handle is:" + str(handle) #only one handle number
browser.switch_to_window(handle)
time.sleep(3)
#Switch the frame over. Even if you have switched it before you need to do it again
browser.switch_to_frame("Frame")
"""now this is how you handle closing the tab and working again with the original tab"""
#again switch window over
elem.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL + "w")
for handle in browser.window_handles:
print "HandleAgain is:" + str(handle) #same handle number as before
browser.switch_to_window(handle)
#again switch frame over if you are working with one
browser.switch_to_frame("Frame")
time.sleep(3)
#doing a second round/tab
elem = browser.find_element_by_xpath("/html/body/div[2]/div[4]/div/a") #href link
time.sleep(2)
elem.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL + Keys.RETURN + "2") #open a 2nd tab again
"""Got it? find the handle, switch over the window then switch the frame"""
It is working perfectly for me. I'm open for questions...
Do this
_webDriver.SwitchTo().Window(_webDriver.WindowHandles.Where(x => x != _webDriver.CurrentWindowHandle).First());
or Last() etc.
PS there is no guarantee that the WindowHandles are in the order displayed on your browser, therefore, I would advise you keep some history of current windows before you do the command to that caused a new tab to open. Then you can compare your stored window handles with the current set and switch to the new one in the list, of which, there should only be one.
#Test
public void openTab() {
//Open tab 2 using CTRL + t keys.
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body")).sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL +"t");
//Open URL In 2nd tab.
driver.get("http://www.qaautomated.com/p/contact.html");
//Call switchToTab() method to switch to 1st tab
switchToTab();
}
public void switchToTab() {
//Switching between tabs using CTRL + tab keys.
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body")).sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL +"\t");
//Switch to current selected tab's content.
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
}
we can use keyboard events and automate opening and switching between multiple tabs very easily. This example is refered from HERE
I must say i tried this as well, and while it seemingly works with some bindings (Java, as far as Jonathan says, and ruby too, apparently), with others it doesnt: selenium python bindings report just one handle per window, even if containing multiple tabs
IJavaScriptExecutor is very useful class which can manipulate HTML DOM on run time through JavaScript, below is sample code on how to open a new browser tab in Selenium through IJavaScriptExecutor:
IJavaScriptExecutor js = (IJavaScriptExecutor)driver;
object linkObj = js.ExecuteScript("var link = document.createElement('a');link.target='_blank';link.href='http://www.gmail.com';link.innerHTML='Click Me';document.getElementById('social').appendChild(link);return link");
/*IWebElement link = (IWebElement)linkObj;
link.Click();*/
browser.Click("//*[#id='social']/a[3]");
Just to give an insight, there are no methods in Selenium which would allow you to open new tab, the above code would dynamically create an anchor element and directs it open an new tab.
You can try this way, since there is action_chain in the new webdriver.
I'm using Python, so please ignore the grammar:
act = ActionChains(driver)
act.key_down(Keys.CONTROL)
act.click(link).perform()
act.key_up(Keys.CONTROL)
For MAC OS
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get("http://google.com")
body = driver.find_element_by_tag_name("body")
body.send_keys(Keys.COMMAND + 't')
Java Robot can be used to send Ctrl+t (or Cmd+t if MAC OS X) as follows:
int vkControl = IS_OS_MAC ? KeyEvent.VK_META : KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL;
Robot robot = new Robot();
robot.keyPress(vkControl);
robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_T);
robot.keyRelease(vkControl);
robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_T);
A complete running example using Chrome as browser can be forked here.
I would prefer opening a new window. Is there really a difference in opening a new window vs opening a new tab from an automated solution perspective ?
you can modify the anchors target property and once clicked the target page would open in a new window.
Then use driver.switchTo() to switch to the new window. Use it to solve your issue
Instead of opening new tab you can open new window using below code.
for(String childTab : driver.getWindowHandles())
{
driver.switchTo().window(childTab);
}