An applet gets Windows 7 to freeze completely - java

I've got an applet which does something which gets Windows 7 to freeze completely, the mouse pointer no longer responds, ctrl-alt-del no longer works etc.
When I open the task manager, it doesn't show any significant CPU load or excessive usage of memory.
The freeze sometimes happens when debugging on Eclipse as well, but not always.
I'm not quite sure where I should set breakpoints yet since it's a pretty big GUI application.
Could this be a bug in the JVM? Isn't it supposed to be impossible for an applet to do something like this?
Edit: To answer my own question, I found the bug in Eclipse, and it seems that the call to Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().getContents(null) gets the whole system to freeze, which is pretty surprising since the Excel file is only 1 MB. Maybe the clipboard isn't really designed for situations like this.

Use jStack to generate a Thread Dump. That way you will know what the code is doing. To use it just:
C:\your_java_bin_folder> jstack -l <process-id>
You can get the process id from the Task Manager. jStack is part of the jdk (as far as I know since 1.5).

Related

How can I debug a non-responsive server, when the profiler can't collect samples?

I have been having occasional problems with a server I wrote. It's in Clojure, but I don't think that matters, and we can pretend it's in Java. Anyway, it works fine for hours at a time, but goes into fits where it behaves very badly: all activity stops, for around fifteen seconds, and then it works normally for a few seconds, then stops for fifteen seconds...and so on for (usually) about ten minutes or so, after which it goes back to behaving normally.
I've done a lot of profiling of it with YourKit, and I've ruled out a number of plausible suspects:
It's not a garbage collection issue: I'm running it with -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC, and I've verified that the server continues to run just fine during both minor and major collections, due to the concurrent nature of this garbage collector. And we're not thrashing as we run out of total memory or something: the current heap size is well below its max.
I don't think it's a locking/synchronization issue, but I'm not 100% sure on that. The YourKit profiler shows threads waiting sometimes, eg competing over the lock for System.out to produce log messages, but the only long waits are for worker threads in threadpools when there's nothing to do. And of course YourKit says it's never detected any deadlocks.
It's not something caused by having the profiler attached, because it still happens even if I boot the server up and then leave it alone without ever attaching the profiler.
It's not some other process on the system taking up all the CPU time: top shows CPU usage at 100% for my java process, and basically 0% for everything else.
My biggest problem is that I can't see what the server is doing during these strange funks, because the profiler stops receiving samples. Here's a graph of the CPU usage chart:
The left side of the graph is normal operation, during which we get profiler samples every second or so. The right side is "broken", and is very spiky because the profiler is only getting samples every ten seconds or so. In the samples it does get, the server seems to be doing its usual business: responding to requests and so on; and the logs confirm that it is doing normal stuff, but only at the times the profiler has samples for: during the upward-sloping "straight lines" on the graph, for which the profiler has no samples, the server is doing nothing at all.
So, does this graph look familiar to anyone? Have you had this problem before and fixed it? Or can you point me in the direction of a tool that can figure out what my server is doing during the time when YourKit can't? In case it matters, the server machine is running Ubuntu 10.04, and
$ java -version
java version "1.6.0_22"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (IcedTea6 1.10.10) (rhel-1.28.1.10.10.el5_8-x86_64)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 20.0-b11, mixed mode)
Okay, from the comments it seems clear to me we are not going to be able to figure this out with the information you've given so far. The best we can do is to give suggestions on how to debug it...
I would try to use jstack during one of the spikes and see if you can use that to figure out where it hangs.
If you have no chance to measure or debug in code try to look form the outside.
I would at first to try to reproduce the problem. In other words is there a external event that produce the behavior. Try to change the load on server. Switch every thing you can to reproduce the problem.
Maybe it's also a good idea to sniff the network traffic (tcpdump) to find something interesting around the time when you server hangs.
You can also run it on another operating system to check if it depends from your installation environment.
If you can't reproduce a situation where the problem occurs, try to find situations where you don't get the problem. For instance remove the server from net. Shutdown all other services.
If you can't find with that any change of behavior of your program try to reduce the complexity of your working code and see if you can find a internal module that seems to be related with the problem.
Have you had this problem before and fixed it? Or can you point me in
the direction of a tool that can figure out what my server is doing
during the time when YourKit can't?
If you have shell access on the server and can see stdout, try taking a thread dump when the server becomes unresponsive. Not sure if this will give you anything different than what jstack (mentioned in the other answer) would give you or not.
On Ubuntu: kill -QUIT <java-pid> (will not actually kill the Java process).
http://www.crazysquirrel.com/computing/java/basics/java-thread-dump.jspx

Java Swing GUI frozen on refocus

I have a Swing GUI running on WinXP.
Sometimes, when i do something else (surf on the web...) and then i want to go back to my program, the GUI appears but is totally frozen, i can't do anything on it.
I have to wait (it can be 10sec or 5min) untill it works again.
I noticed the same problem when i come back from the screensaver (so I disabled it).
The machine isn't in cause, RAM and processor levels are ok.
Do you have any idea of the source of this very annoying problem? Maybe a repaint problem?
There might be many explanations to that:
Your app does some heavy operations in EDT thread (thread that controls interface updates)
There might be a UI update problems caused by errors in L&F or components (a rare case)
GC happens due to some internal call and handles the whole application (less likely)
Some native or old JDK problems with app windows (almost 0% chance that it is your case)
Usually the 1st explanation works and in that case you should just review your code and extract all "heavy" operations in a separate threads.
Anyways, i can't say anything more specific without seeing the code...

Java Crashing Windows

I have been developing a Java application using J2EE and a Derby database. My boss does most of the testing and I do most of the coding, but he has come to me with a strange problem. He claims that occasionally the Java application "crashes his computer".
To mention a few details, first let me say that I am currently working remotely, so I can't be around when these "crashes" happen. Second, I use OS X 10.6 and he uses Windows XP (SP3 I believe). The Java application in question does not use any JNI or anything weird except for an embedded Derby database. Lastly, he said it freezes everything in Windows (his mouse doesn't even move) -- it doesn't show up in the console like an uncaught exception would.
So, is it possible that my Java program is crashing his computer? I didn't think that Java code could have any system-wide effects outside of the JVM. Is this something that could possibly be the fault of my program, or should I just ignore it and attribute it to some problem with his computer?
For a Java application to crash the OS it runs on, there must be a bug in the JVM. That said there are situations that can give the same impression:
the Java application can grow its heap far enough that the OS starts to swap and other applications appear to slow down to a halt
the Java application can grab all CPU by one or more threads in a tight busy loop
If you can setup your testers' machine so that a heap dump can be triggered when the problem occurs, you can analyse that dump remotely. For instance with IBM's Java heap analyzer found on alphaworks.
There were cases before of crashes under windows on IBM Thinkpads (and other machines I am sure) due to a bad graphics driver. I'd suggest doing the usual thing of making sure the drivers are up to date just to be on the safe side.
While your code may not use JNI directly a lot of what happens under the hood can (anything that integrates with the underlying OS essentially). Which means drivers can be a big problem.
The other thing would to be sure that the most recent version of the Java is being used (if 1.6_17 isn't possible at last the latest version of the version of Java being used).
One other thing that has fixed random crashes for me is to re-seat the memory (unplug it and plug it back in).
he said it freezes everything in Windows (his mouse doesn't even move)
A user-mode application — whether Java or otherwise — can't do that against a modern OS like WinNT.
He either has a hardware problem, or a bad driver.
To crash the entire computer, try this:
public void crashComputer() {
while(true)
new Thread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
while(true) {
crashComputer();
}
}
}).start();
}
public void crashJVM() {
while(true)
crashJVM();
}
The crashComputer function takes about 2 seconds to crash the entire computer. You can stop it from crashing by holding power button.
The crashJVM function crashed only the JVM by overloading the stack, causing a stack overflow (That's where the name of this website comes from).
WARNING: Use at your own risk. This will not damage your computer, but I'm not taking the blame if you forget to click save on a document or something.
Also check the page file space on the client (Windows/XP) system.
Point one: On my XP, SP3 system, when any program runs full tilt, it almost locks up the computer. When my anti-virus program checks for updates, everything else stops for all practical purposes, and it uses very little CPU (seems to be writing to disk all the time). My own infinite loops, using 100% CPU, have a similar effect. (Why the task manager does not get priority over a user program with "normal" priority I do not know.)
Point two: On any computer I've ever used, heavy paging will bring a program to an almost complete stop.
So start with an XP computer with 512Mb of real memory and 2000Mb of virtual memory. Write a Java program with 1400Mb worth of arrays and other data structures. Put in a loop that repeats several billion times and reads or writes to each byte in that 1400Mb on each execution. This program will not finish until long after the universe collapses in on itself. The computer will do nothing. I have not tried this and I do not intend to, but I will bet anything even the mouse won't move. Depending on the make of the computer, the only fix may be pulling the power plug out of the wall socket. (Note that technically, the computer has not crashed. Indeed, it is working just fine. But you are going to need to be patient. Move the mouse the day before you plan to click.)
The moral of this story is to avoid both XP and virtual memory, but if you have to deal with either, be aware of these problems.

Any bugs or incompatibilities in 64 bit JVM?

I've got a little game that a friend and I are writing in Java. It's kind of badly coded and we're working on refactoring it, but that's not really the issue right now. We both have 64 bit machines and I guess before we were both using 32 bit JDKs, but recently I had some problems and so I removed all JDKs and installed the latest 64 bit JDK, and I'm not sure when but my friend is also now running a 64 bit JDK. Our game was running fine in the 32 bit JDK, but with the 64 bit version the game won't start. I've been trying to debug it with eclipse, but it's been a bit of a pain.
Our game is networked and multithreaded, and I think we have some issues with how we synchronized things (I didn't fully understand the whole idea of synchronization when I was writing it before) eg. we had made our run() methods synchronized which has no effect, but despite the stupidities of large parts of our code the stuff still runs on a 32 bit JVM (Windows and Linux).
The game starts up where one person hosts a game, and then others can join until the host decides to start the game. It then sends a prompt to all the players, asking if they want to start, and if all say yes the game starts. What is happening on the 64 bit JVM is that it sends the message, but it seems like the response is getting lost or something, or the server isn't counting correctly that everyone has OKed because the game doesn't actually start. Actually, the host gets a few more messages that the other player(s) don't get and gets a little farther in starting the game, but the server seems to get stuck somewhere.
Any ideas what might be the problem? Our code is up on github if anyone wants to take a look. I'd be extremely happy if you did, but I don't expect anyone to wade through our ugly code. Thanks!
By the way, we are both running on 64 bit Windows Vista and JDK 1.6 u12 and u14, but we also run Linux although I haven't been able to test it on a 64 bit Linux JVM yet.
Oh, more details about why I'm pretty sure it's a 64 bit JVM isssue:
So we were working on this basically in the fall semester, and stopped working on it for a while. After 6 months we pick it up again, stagger at our horrid code, and start trying to clean it up. Then we realize that neither of us can run it properly. I try to find a revision that works, but I get to the last revision from before we started working on it this summer and it's still not working. I then even checked some binaries (.jars) that I had compiled before and even the earliest revision I have doesn't work on the 64 bit JVM. I then checked in a 32 bit Linux VM running the Sun JDK1.6 JVM, and it worked fine. Thus, I'm pretty sure it's a 64 bit problem since before the same binaries were working perfectly.
I've also noticed that Vista was assigning IPv6 addresses to my sockets for some reason, when connecting to a server on my own machine (0:0:0:0:0:1 instead of 127.0.0.1) but I fixed anything that was IPv4 specific and it's still not working.
I actually have just created another problem on my github repository which is a whole other tale of woe, so I can't test my latest build on another machine right now. But the last build before refactoring works fine on a 32 bit JVM with a dual core, so it doesn't look like a race condition.
Oh, another thing, exact same problem running under OpenJDK 6 64 bit under Linux. I'm guessing it's a race condition that the 64 bit version somehow brings out.
The game starts up where one person
hosts a game, and then others can join
until the host decides to start the
game. It then sends a prompt to all
the players, asking if they want to
start, and if all say yes the game
starts. What is happening on the 64
bit JVM is that it sends the message,
but it seems like the response is
getting lost or something, or the
server isn't counting correctly that
everyone has OKed because the game
doesn't actually start. Actually, the
host gets a few more messages that the
other player(s) don't get and gets a
little farther in starting the game,
but the server seems to get stuck
somewhere.
This sounds like it might be a race condition, i.e. flawed or missing synchronization. Since race conditions are timing-dependant, almost anything (including switching JVMs) can cause them to manifest.
I'd stop worrying about 64bit vs 32bit and try to diagnose the actual problem. Since it involves multiple machines, it's unfortunately going to be very hard (which is generally the case with race conditions).
The best way to do it is probably to make sure all machines have synchronized clocks using NTP, and then log the sending, receiving and processing of messages with millisecond timestamps so you can see where messages get lost or aren't processed properly.
We found out what the issue was. There was a loop in one part where a thread waited on something to become ready that another thread was working on, except it was just a while(!ready){} loop. It seems like in the 64 bit JVM threads don't get preempted or something, because in the 32 bit JVM this loop would get preempted and then the other thread would finish and set the variable to true, but not in the 64 bit JVM. I understand now that we should have used wait/notify and locks to do this, but at least temporarily throwing a sleep() in there fixed it. Not exactly a race condition, more of a quirk of the threading model it seems, so I'm not accepting any of the other answers since they didn't answer the question I asked.
Are you running with the java process with the -d64 option? If not, then I'm pretty sure you're still running the JVM in 32-bit mode, and your issue may be related to the environment or the OS instead of the bitness.
I would not expect 64 vs. 32 to cause any issues in this case, threading is way more likely to be your cause
kudos for using raw sockets, but they're very tricky to get correct. Consider using a library for your network stack, like Apache Mina, unless of course the goal of the project is to write your own socket code. Definitely read over the quick start guide. It's text-based protocol maps directly to what you're using.
Side note: sticking synchronized on every method and using finalize are symptoms of bad things / code smells

Java applet white screen

I'm trying to get to the bottom of a problem with our Java applet based program. It quite regularly seizes up with an unresponsive GUI (or a white screen). This of course only happens when deployed at a customer site :-(. They are running a version of the Sun JVM in 1.5 series (not sure the exact release).
We have a theory that it's to do with the applet running out of heap space - does that sound plausible? The other thing that I have set up on my machine is disabling direct draw, but that was mainly to avoid weird artefacts on other applications.
They are seeing the problem on Citrix and on regular PCs, but obviously there is a limit to what the users on Citrix can do.
Any suggestions?
Running out of heap space should cause an OutOfMemoryError to be thrown. This case sounds like a typical deadlock. To find where that is you want a stack dump of all the threads. IIRC< you can do it through the console, or from IIRC 1.6 the JDK includes jps and jstack.
First of all ensure the customer uses the latest release of the JVM they are using, and make them enable the Java console inside their browser (this requires some research from you).
Then when it happens again, tell them to look at the console window and cut-paste the contents in a mail to you.
In order to solve the problem, you must first be able to reproduce the problem. You will need an identical system in order to troubleshoot this, making one change at a time while keeping everything else equal to determine the cause(s).
Just to add to this answer (to build the knowledge base as I'm currently looking into this).
There's (at least) 2 distinct white screens related to applets.
Deadlock (as mentioned by Tom) - area will not refresh when you drag a window in front of it, so you get the strange tails left effect.
VM crash - area will become white, Java VM closes (search for hs_err_pid*.log, location dependent on browser)

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