FileWriter() corrupt file warning - java

I have an app which converts jTable instances into an excel file. In my previous question, I had a problem in using FileOutputStream() and it turns out that the problem lies within the AD user's privilege in accessing folders/files. Since my superior wont allow me to change the privileges, I resorted using the FileWriter() instead, which worked well. The only problem is that it kept on warning the users that the file they are opening is corrupt. Here's the warning:
The file you are trying to open, 'filename.xls' is in a different format than specified by the file extension. Verify that the file is not corrupted and is from a trusted source before opening the file. Do you want to open the file now?
I searched for a solution which resides in Excel 2007's file extension security. Info can be found here
I made some configuration in the system registry of every workstation that the app covers.
I just want to ask if there's a away to remove the corrupt file warning in Office 14, because one of the workstation, which is my superior's workstation, has Office 14. The changes in the system registry didnt stop the corrupt file warning in his workstation.

I get the impression that you are indulging in "voodoo programming" practices; i.e. applying solutions that you don't understand to problems that you don't understand.
Firstly, this:
I had a problem in using FileOutputStream() and it turns out that the problem lies within the AD user's privilege in accessing folders/files. Since my superior wont allow me to change the privileges, I resorted using the FileWriter() instead, which worked well.
Frankly, this doesn't make sense. If you cannot open a file using new FileOutputStream(File), then you shouldn't be able to open it with new FileWriter(File). Why? Because the source code for the constructor is this:
public FileWriter(File file) throws IOException {
super(new FileOutputStream(file));
}
In other words, the first thing that the FileWriter constructor does is to call the FileOutputStream constructor that you say doesn't work!! (And the same applies to the other overloads of these constructors.)
Then your current problem is really about Excel not letting you open an XLS file because its filetype doesn't match its suffix. And your proposed solution is to mess around with the registry. But surely, the CORRECT approach is to find out why the file type doesn't match the suffix.
Have you made a mistaKe in the file format (e.g. 'cos you wrote it using a FileWriter)?
Have you chosen the wrong file suffix for the spreadsheet format you've used?
Are you downloading it to the user's machine with the wrong MIMEtype?
Banging on the registry on all of the client machines ... just because you read it in some website ... that's Voodooo!
I'm not surprised that your boss forbade you to mess around with AD privileges. At this point, he's probably worried that you'll do serious damage.
By the way, your registry hacking to make the warning go away is actually turning off a security check that is designed to help harden the user's PC against attack. That doesn't strike me as a sound solution to your problem.

Related

Where should I place a file when the path is "./"?

I am maintaining a Spring Boot project. There is this code:
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("./setting_mail_sender.txt"));
Where should the file be located in this case?
In 'the current working directory'. And where is that? Who knows!
Whomever wrote that code messed up. It's not a good idea to use the CWD for anything in any java code unless you specifically know you want it. And generally, that's only the case when you're writing command line tools in the vein of the various tools you find in your average linux distro's /bin dir - a rare occurrence, given that the JVM isn't really designed for that kind of thing.
There are 3 different best practices for 'data files' depending on the nature of the data:
Static, unchanging data - as much part of your app as your class files are. These should be loaded with MyClass.class.getResource("name-of-resource.txt") and shipped the same way your classes are. For example, inside the jar file.
Config files. These should usually be in System.getProperty("user.home") - the user's home dir; /Users/yourusername on macs, /home/yourusername on linux, C:\Users\YourUserName on windows. Best practice is to ship a 'template' version of the settings file if relevant in the jar file, and upon detecting that there is no config file present at all, to write out the template (and you load the template in via MyClass.class.getResource). If a template is not a good idea, something in a similar vein. Bad practice is to have the installer do this, and have your app be broken or leave the user having to peruse complex documentation to (re)create the config file. A different way to do it right is to have a config page in your app (a window, menu bar setting, web app thing - something with a user interface) where you can change settings and the config file is simply the way you store that data.
Changing data files. For example, you ship H2 (an all-java database engine) with your app and it needs to write its database file somewhere. This is a bit tricky; user home is not the right place for such data files, but you can't really 'find' the dir where your app is installed either. Even if you can, on non-badly-designed OSes, apps usually cannot (and should not!) be able to write to that location anyway. The location where this data is stored should definitely be configurable, so one easy way out is to require that the user explicitly picks a place. Otherwise I'm afraid you're stuck having to write per-OS code - find /Users/myusername/Library/Application Support/yourappname on mac, which is the right place. As far as I know there is no library to do this right.
None of them involve 'require that the user start the app with the right CWD'. There are good reasons for that: It can be hard to configure, and it's not something users think of to configure. For example, when setting up a java app as a recurring task in windows, you can configure the working dir for such a process, but it's not something that's usually considered as crucial configuration. When running a java app from the command line, who knows what the working dir is. You'll end up with an app that usually works, except in some circumstances when it magically doesn't, and most of your users have no idea that the difference between the magic run that works and the one that does not, is the directory they were in when they started the java app.
If you can edit that code, do so - figure out which of the 3 different kinds of data this is about (sounds like the second bullet: Config stuff, so should be in user home, and the app's name should be part of the file name) - and fix it. for example, that should be:
try (var in = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(System.getProperty("user.home"), "myapp-mail.conf")) {
}
This solves a whole bunch of problems:
Uses try-with to avoid resource leakage.
Reads from user.home, avoiding current working directory as relevant setting.
Actually uses UTF-8 encoding (whereas your code will, at least until java 17, do 'platform default'. It's somewhat unlikely you want that, as it means your config file is not portable; copying it from one computer to another may break things. You presumably don't want this.
If errors occur, the error messages are improved (one of the downsides of the 'old' file API).
If you can't change this code, figure out what the CWD is; put the files there, and ensure that, however you start this spring boot project, you always start it from that directory. If you can't change this code but you can run some code in that JVM, you can print it: System.out.println(Paths.get(".").toAbsolutePath()) will show it to you.

Can a file browser, with file opening and previewing disabled, be safe from malware which run when viewed in explorer?

I am making a custom file explorer in java. I came to know of this worm which starts executing when the file icon is viewed in file explorer. I believe, this could be possible only if it is loaded into memory somehow by something like reading of metadata (Please correct me if i am wrong). I have heard java is a 'safe' language but just wanted to know how much safe it is.
I am using the following imports in my program :
java.io.File;
java.net.URL;
java.nio.file.Path;
javax.swing.filechooser.FileSystemView;
I use fileSystemView.getFiles() to get files list and simply display an icon by checking the file extension.Files are not preveiwed also.
So if i disable opening of a file by clicking on its icon in my file browser, then is there any way that some malware can run when my file explorer program displays the contents of an infected pendrive?
Can this be achieved by other programming languages also?
There are several aspects to you question here.
First of all, about the danger of accidentally reading/executing files by clicking them in your application: I think it's a bit difficult to answer that without actually seeing the code you're running. I can't see any obvious threat based on your description, but then again, I don't know exactly what your Java Runtime will do for you when you mark a file, read the directory it is in, and read the file itself - if there's no "magic" happening behind the scenes there, there might not be a problem. If Java does any kind of reading/parsing/whatever with a file in order to register and list it though, it's hard to tell.
From the documentation for Class FileSystemView
Since the JDK1.1 File API doesn't allow access to such information as root partitions, file type information, or hidden file bits, this class is designed to intuit as much OS-specific file system information as possible.
I'm not really sure exactly what this even means, but I take it as an indicator that something is going on behind the scenes when accessing files. Perhaps someone with more in-depth knowledge can add to this.
Now as for using this to analyze potentially infected thumb drives: Be very careful.
When you connect something to your USB, it can do "stuff"(*) automatically as soon as it is connected. This will likely happen long before you've even started your Java app, so it won't really matter how safely you code it.
There are ways to restrict access to USB, and such auto-run behavior. You should at least be aware and look into this, and make sure you have an updated and working security scanner of some kind before inserting anything suspicious into your PC.
(*) There are even examples where USB devices can steal info from locked computers by providing a (fake or real?) network connection, and then listening in to and manipulating the automatic connections computers typically do continually in the background.

java equivalent for mkstemp

Is there any way in Java to write out to a temporary file securely?
As far as I can tell, the only way to create a temporary file (createTempFile) does't actually open it at the same time, so there's a race condition between file open & file write. Am I missing something? I couldn't find the C source code behind createFileExclusively(String) in UnixFileSystem.java, but I doubt it can really do anything since the file open occurs in the Java code after the temp file is created (unless it tries to do something with file locks?).
The problem
Between when the temporary file is created & you open it, a malicious attacker could unlink that temporary file & put malicious stuff there. For example, an attacker could create a named pipe to read sensitive data. Or similarly if you eventually copy the file by reading it, then the named pipe could just ignore everything written & supply malicious content to be read.
I remember reading of numerous examples of temporary file attacks in the past 10+ years that exploit the race condition between when the name appears in the namespace and when the file is actually opened.
Hopefully a mitigating factor is that Java set's the umask correctly so a less-privileged user can't read/write to the file and typically the /tmp directory restricts permissions properly so that you can't perform an unlink attack.
Of course if you pass a custom directory for the temporary file that's owned by a less-privileged user who's compromised, the user could do an unlink attack against you. Hell, with inotify, it's probably even easier to exploit the race condition than just a brute force loop that does a directory listing.
http://kurt.seifried.org/2012/03/14/creating-temporary-files-securely/
Java
use java.io.File.createTempFile() – some interesting info at http://www.veracode.com/blog/2009/01/how-boring-flaws-become-interesting/
for directories there is a helpful posting at How to create a temporary directory/folder in Java?
Java 7
for files use java.io.File.createTempFile()
for directories use createTempDirectory()
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/nio/file/Files.html
Since Java 7 we have OpenOption.
An object that configures how to open or create a file.
Objects of this type are used by methods such as newOutputStream, newByteChannel, FileChannel.open, and AsynchronousFileChannel.open when opening or creating a file.
Of particular interest is StandardOpenOptions.CREATE_NEW.
Create a new file, failing if the file already exists. The check for the existence of the file and the creation of the file if it does not exist is atomic with respect to other file system operations.
So, you can do something like this:
FileChannel mkstemp() {
Path path = Files.createTempFile(null, null);
Files.delete(path);
return FileChannel.open(path, WRITE, CREATE_NEW);
}
Implementing the same template behaviour is left as exercise to the reader.
Keep in mind that on many systems, just because a file doesn't have a name doesn't at all mean it's inaccessible. For example, on Linux open file descriptors are available in /proc/<pid>/fd/<fdno>. So you should make sure that your use of temporary files is secure even if someone knows / has a reference to the open file.
You might get a more useful answer if you specify exactly what classes of attacks you are trying to prevent.
Secure against other ordinary userid's? Yes, on any properly functioning multi-user system.
Secure against the your own userid or the superuser? No.

Junk files created in place of deleted file

I have a strange problem. When I try to delete a file created by my application it gets deleted and gets replaced with a junk file of the exact same filesize. Can someone please help me out with this? Beats me. The same thing happens when I try to delete the file manually.
are you perhaps using an NFS file system on linux? NFS will leave tombstones behind deleted files in some cases.
(Unless you specify your operating system and post some of your code, this is pure guesswork.)
Since deleting the same file manually causes the same behaviour, it's reasonable to assume that this is not an issue with your code specifically.
Some filesystems (FUSE on Linux comes to mind, as well as some network filesystems) present this behaviour when deleting files that are in use by another process.

Java - How to find that the user has changed the configuration file?

I am developing a Java Desktop Application. This app needs a configuration to be started. For this, I want to supply a defaultConfig.properties or defaultConfig.xml file with the application so that If user doesn't select any configuration, then the application will start with the help of defaultConfig file.
But I am afraid of my application crash if the user accidentally edit the defaultConfig file. So Is there any mechanism through which I can check before the start of the application that whether the config file has changed or not.
How other applications (out in the market) deal with this type of situation in which their application depends on a configuration file?
If the user edited the config file accidentally or intentionally, then the application won't run in future unless he re-installs the application.
I agree with David in that using a MD5 hash is a good and simple way to accomplish what you want.
Basically you would use the MD5 hashing code provided by the JDK (or somewhere else) to generate a hash-code based on the default data in Config.xml, and save that hash-code to a file (or hardcode it into the function that does the checking). Then each time your application starts load the hash-code that you saved to the file, and then load the Config.xml file and again generate a hash-code from it, compare the saved hash-code to the one generated from the loaded config file, if they are the same then the data has not changed, if they are different, then the data has been modified.
However as others are suggesting if the file should not be editable by the user then you should consider storing the configuration in a manner that the user can not easily edit. The easiest thing I can think of would be to wrap the Output Stream that you are using to write the Config.xml file in a GZIP Output Stream. Not only will this make it difficult for the user to edit the configuration file, but it will also cause the Config.xml file to take up less space.
I am not at all sure that this is a good approach but if you want to go ahead with this you can compute a hash of the configuration file (say md5) and recompute and compare every time the app starts.
Come to think of it, if the user is forbidden to edit a file why expose it? Stick it in a jar file for example, far away from the user's eyes.
If the default configuration is not supposed to be edited, perhaps you don't really want to store it in a file in the first place? Could you not store the default values of the configuration in the code directly?
Remove write permissions for the file. This way the user gets a warning before trying to change the file.
Add a hash or checksum and verify this before loading file
For added security, you can replace the simple hash with a cryptographic signature.
From I have found online so far there seems to be different approaches code wise. none appear to be a 100 hundred percent fix, ex:
The DirectoryWatcher implements
AbstractResourceWatcher to monitor a
specified directory.
Code found here twit88.com develop-a-java-file-watcher
one problem encountered was If I copy
a large file from a remote network
source to the local directory being
monitored, that file will still show
up in the directory listing, but
before the network copy has completed.
If I try to do almost anything non
trivial to the file at that moment
like move it to another directory or
open it for writing, an exception will
be thrown because really the file is
not yet completely there and the OS
still has a write lock on it.
found on the same site, further below.
How the program works It accepts a ResourceListener class, which is FileListener. If a change is detected in the program a onAdd, onChange, or onDelete event will be thrown and passing the file to.
will keep searching for more solutions.

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