Develop Reference

Instantiate java.security classes PrivateKey and X509Certificate from .key and .cer files

The original goal is:
Generate a https url where one of parameters is PKCS7 detached signature (RSA, SHA-256, UTF-8, BASE64).
What do I have:
private key (.key file begin with "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----",
end like this "kIng0BFt5cjuur81oQqGJgvU+dC4vQio+hVc+eAQTGmNQJV56vAHcq4v
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----")
self signed certificate (.cer file begin with "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----",
end like this "xwRtGsSkfOFL4ehKn/K7mgQEc1ZVPrxTC7C/g+7grbKufvqNmsYW4w==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----")
data to sign
I found a java code that do almost what I need.
Method signature:
public static String sign(PrivateKey privateKey,
X509Certificate certificate,
String data);
Now I'm stuck on how to get PrivateKey and X509Certficiate classes from given files.
I looked at many examples and got confused by these moments:
1.
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("pkcs12");
or
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec spec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
Didn't find alternatives for PKCS7 standard.
A snippet of method that builds PrivateKey using bouncycastle library:
inputStream = Files.newInputStream(privateKeyFile.toPath());
reader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
pemParser = new PEMParser(reader);
PEMDecryptorProvider decryptorProvider = new JcePEMDecryptorProviderBuilder()
.setProvider(PROVIDER)
.build(privateKeyPassword.toCharArray());
PEMEncryptedKeyPair encryptedKeyPair = (PEMEncryptedKeyPair) pemParser.readObject();
PEMKeyPair keyPair = encryptedKeyPair.decryptKeyPair(decryptorProvider);
...
In this example I have to provide some privateKeyPassword to PEMDecryptorProvider. What is the point of this password and where can I get it?
From keyPair value I can get both privateKey and publicKey.
What is the connection between publicKey from PEMKeyPair and my certificate ? Are they the same?
Any help will be appreciated, thanks!

You don't need bouncycastle to read in the public key as Java's CertificateFactory directly supports the format of your .cer file.
The private key appears to be in a PKCS1 format that openssl can produce. If you wish to keep that format this answer shows how to extract the private key. Combining the two, here is a short snippet to read in a certificate and a private key.
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.bouncycastle.openssl.PEMKeyPair;
import org.bouncycastle.openssl.PEMParser;
import org.bouncycastle.openssl.jcajce.JcaPEMKeyConverter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
public class Main {
private static PrivateKey readPrivateKey(String filename) throws Exception {
PEMParser pemParser = new PEMParser(new FileReader(filename));
JcaPEMKeyConverter converter = new JcaPEMKeyConverter().setProvider("BC");
PEMKeyPair pemKeyPair = (PEMKeyPair) pemParser.readObject();
KeyPair kp = converter.getKeyPair(pemKeyPair);
return kp.getPrivate();
}
private static X509Certificate readCertificate(String filename) throws Exception {
CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
return (X509Certificate) certificateFactory.generateCertificate(new FileInputStream(filename));
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
PrivateKey privateKey = readPrivateKey("myKey.priv");
X509Certificate cert = readCertificate("mycert.cer");
}
}

How do I sign a PDF document using a LUNA HSM?

I use a java with Itext for make a digital sign PDF document using a LUNA HSM.
My objective is sign a document with PKCS11 and assemble the certificates chain from the HSM. I dont want to install certificates into the server.
I try to use a sample program called C4_01_SignWithPKCS11HSM.java from the iText.
I take this from:
http://developers.itextpdf.com/examples/security/digital-signatures-white-paper/digital-signatures-chapter-4
When I compiled program, it show me the follow warning:
[luna#sumCentosHsm pdf]$ javac -Xlint signPdf.java signPdf.java:93:
warning: [deprecation] OcspClientBouncyCastle() in
OcspClientBouncyCastle has been deprecated
OcspClient ocspClient = new OcspClientBouncyCastle();
Also, how to build the configuration file and parameters.
I would like to know if someone had the same problem
Thank you.

import java.security.*;
import java.security.KeyStore.*;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import com.safenetinc.luna.*;
import java.io.*;
import com.itextpdf.text.*;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.*;
import com.itextpdf.text.pdf.security.*;
public class SignPdfUsingLuna{
private static String keyAlias = null;
private static String slotPin = null;
private static int slotId;
private static String inputFile = null;
private static String outputFile = null;
private static KeyStore ks = null;
private static PrivateKeyEntry prKE = null;
private static void usage(){
System.out.println("Command usage :-");
System.out.println("java SignPdfUsingLuna <SlotNumber> <SlotPassword> <KeyAlias> <InputFile>");
}
public static void main(String args[]){
try{
slotId = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
slotPin = args[1];
keyAlias = args[2];
inputFile = args[3];
ks = KeyStore.getInstance("Luna");
ks.load(new ByteArrayInputStream(("slot:"+slotId).getBytes()),slotPin.toCharArray());
ProtectionParameter param = new PasswordProtection("abcd".toCharArray());
prKE = (PrivateKeyEntry)ks.getEntry(keyAlias,param);
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate)ks.getCertificate(keyAlias);
Certificate[] certchain = (Certificate[]) ks.getCertificateChain(keyAlias);
PdfReader readPdf = new PdfReader(inputFile);
FileOutputStream outFile = new FileOutputStream("Signed"+inputFile);
PdfStamper stamp = PdfStamper.createSignature(readPdf, outFile, '\0');
PdfSignatureAppearance psa = stamp.getSignatureAppearance();
psa.setReason("Signed by :- Sam Paul");
psa.setLocation("India");
Image img = Image.getInstance("Logo.jpg");
psa.setImage(img);
psa.setVisibleSignature(new Rectangle(100, 100, 300, 200), 1, "Signature");
ExternalDigest dgst = new BouncyCastleDigest();
Provider prod = ks.getProvider();
PrivateKey pk = prKE.getPrivateKey();
ExternalSignature sign = new PrivateKeySignature(pk,DigestAlgorithms.SHA256,prod.getName());
MakeSignature.signDetached(psa, dgst, sign, certchain, null, null, null, 0, MakeSignature.CryptoStandard.CMS);
stamp.close();
}catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException aio){
usage();
}catch(NumberFormatException nfe){
System.out.println("Please enter a valid slot number");
usage();
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Hope this helps.
Sam.

Perhaps you have a special circumstance where you want to use HSM keys to sign documents. Most of the time, document signing is done with 'person-entity' PKI certificates. In this scenario, your local Certificate Authority (Windows Server), has been configured to store the CA's private key on the SafeNet HSM. Then the local CA would issue personal PKI certificates to users of that domain (Bob Smith). Then a user, Bob, could use his certificate that is local to his machine to sign documents. This would provide integrity and nonrepudiation, and the certificate would signed by that individual.
In your implementation, any signed document would simply display the subject name of the HSM certificate, which in most implementations would be a domain's CA name, etc.

Save pfx certificate to file with java code (ejbca)

i use EJBCA to generate a certificate from a CommonName. In java code i have generated private key and public key and then the csr for generate the certificate.
Now i save the certificate in PEM format (.cer), but i need also private key so i want save with .pfx or p12 extension. How can i do?
This is my actual code for generate certificate:
KeyPair keys;
try {
keys = KeyTools.genKeys("1024", AlgorithmConstants.KEYALGORITHM_RSA);
//SAVE PRIVKEY
//PrivateKey privKey = keys.getPrivate();
//byte[] privateKeyBytes = privKey.getEncoded();
PKCS10CertificationRequest pkcs10 = new PKCS10CertificationRequest("SHA256WithRSA",
CertTools.stringToBcX509Name("CN=NOUSED"), keys.getPublic(), null, keys.getPrivate());
//Print Privatekey
//System.out.println(keys.getPrivate().toString());
CertificateResponse certenv = ws.certificateRequest(user1,
new String(Base64.encode(pkcs10.getEncoded())),
CertificateHelper.CERT_REQ_TYPE_PKCS10,
null,
CertificateHelper.RESPONSETYPE_CERTIFICATE);
//Certificate certenv = ejbcaraws.pkcs10Req("WSTESTUSER1","foo123",new
//String(Base64.encode(pkcs10.getEncoded())),null);
return certenv.getCertificate ();
}catch (Exception e) {}
and with this i save the certificate:
File file = new File(path+"/"+ x509Cert.getSubjectDN().toString().replace("CN=", "") +".cer");
FileOutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(file);
//os.write("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n".getBytes("US-ASCII"));
//os.write(Base64.encode(x509Cert.getEncoded(), true));
//os.write("-----END CERTIFICATE-----".getBytes("US-ASCII"));
//os.close();
PEMWriter pemWriter = new PEMWriter(new PrintWriter(os));
pemWriter.writeObject(x509Cert);
pemWriter.flush();
pemWriter.close();

I never use EJBCA, however if you have the certificate and the private key and you want to create a PKCS12 you can use setKeyEntry(String alias,byte[] key,Certificate[] chain) method from java.security.KeyStore to add the entry, and then store(OutputStream stream, char[] password) method to save the PKCS12 on a file (look at API for more details). Your code could be something like:
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
public class SamplePKCS12 {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
String alias = // the alias for your key...
PrivateKey key = // your private key
Certificate[] chain = // an array with your EE certificate to your CA issuer
// create keystore
KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12");
// add your key and cert
keystore.setKeyEntry(alias, key.getEncoded(), chain);
// save the keystore to file
keystore.store(new FileOutputStream("/tmp/keystore.p12"), "yourPin".toCharArray());
}
}
Note I suppose that you have your certificate and your private key as you said in your question. To work with PKCS12 you need SunJSSE provider (which is normally loaded by default), or alternatively you can use BouncyCastle provider.
Hope this helps,

Sign data using PKCS #7 in JAVA

I want to sign a text file (may be a .exe file or something else in the future)
using PKCS#7 and verify the signature using Java.
What do I need to know?
Where will I find an API (.jar and documentation)?
What are the steps I need to follow in order to sign data and verify the data?
Please provide me code snippet if possible.

I reckon you need the following 2 Bouncy Castle jars to generate the PKCS7 digital signature:
bcprov-jdk15on-147.jar (for JDK 1.5 - JDK 1.7)
bcmail-jdk15on-147.jar (for JDK 1.5 - JDK 1.7)
You can download the Bouncy Castle jars from here.
You need to setup your keystore with the public & private key pair.
You need only the private key to generate the digital signature & the public key to verify it.
Here's how you'd pkcs7 sign content (Exception handling omitted for brevity) :
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.bouncycastle.cert.jcajce.JcaCertStore;
import org.bouncycastle.cms.CMSProcessableByteArray;
import org.bouncycastle.cms.CMSSignedData;
import org.bouncycastle.cms.CMSSignedDataGenerator;
import org.bouncycastle.cms.CMSTypedData;
import org.bouncycastle.cms.jcajce.JcaSignerInfoGeneratorBuilder;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.bouncycastle.operator.ContentSigner;
import org.bouncycastle.operator.jcajce.JcaContentSignerBuilder;
import org.bouncycastle.operator.jcajce.JcaDigestCalculatorProviderBuilder;
import org.bouncycastle.util.Store;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Base64;
public final class PKCS7Signer {
private static final String PATH_TO_KEYSTORE = "/path/to/keyStore";
private static final String KEY_ALIAS_IN_KEYSTORE = "My_Private_Key";
private static final String KEYSTORE_PASSWORD = "MyPassword";
private static final String SIGNATUREALGO = "SHA1withRSA";
public PKCS7Signer() {
}
KeyStore loadKeyStore() throws Exception {
KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(PATH_TO_KEYSTORE);
keystore.load(is, KEYSTORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
return keystore;
}
CMSSignedDataGenerator setUpProvider(final KeyStore keystore) throws Exception {
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
Certificate[] certchain = (Certificate[]) keystore.getCertificateChain(KEY_ALIAS_IN_KEYSTORE);
final List<Certificate> certlist = new ArrayList<Certificate>();
for (int i = 0, length = certchain == null ? 0 : certchain.length; i < length; i++) {
certlist.add(certchain[i]);
}
Store certstore = new JcaCertStore(certlist);
Certificate cert = keystore.getCertificate(KEY_ALIAS_IN_KEYSTORE);
ContentSigner signer = new JcaContentSignerBuilder(SIGNATUREALGO).setProvider("BC").
build((PrivateKey) (keystore.getKey(KEY_ALIAS_IN_KEYSTORE, KEYSTORE_PASSWORD.toCharArray())));
CMSSignedDataGenerator generator = new CMSSignedDataGenerator();
generator.addSignerInfoGenerator(new JcaSignerInfoGeneratorBuilder(new JcaDigestCalculatorProviderBuilder().setProvider("BC").
build()).build(signer, (X509Certificate) cert));
generator.addCertificates(certstore);
return generator;
}
byte[] signPkcs7(final byte[] content, final CMSSignedDataGenerator generator) throws Exception {
CMSTypedData cmsdata = new CMSProcessableByteArray(content);
CMSSignedData signeddata = generator.generate(cmsdata, true);
return signeddata.getEncoded();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
PKCS7Signer signer = new PKCS7Signer();
KeyStore keyStore = signer.loadKeyStore();
CMSSignedDataGenerator signatureGenerator = signer.setUpProvider(keyStore);
String content = "some bytes to be signed";
byte[] signedBytes = signer.signPkcs7(content.getBytes("UTF-8"), signatureGenerator);
System.out.println("Signed Encoded Bytes: " + new String(Base64.encode(signedBytes)));
}
}

PKCS#7 is known as CMS now (Cryptographic Message Syntax), and you will need the Bouncy Castle PKIX libraries to create one. It has ample documentation and a well established mailing list.
I won't supply code snippet, it is against house rules. Try yourself first.

EC2 Windows - Get Administrator Password

Currently, the only way I know to retrieve the administrator password from a newly created EC2 windows instance is through the AWS management console. This is fine, but I need to know how to accomplish this via the Java API - I can't seem to find anything on the subject. Also, once obtained, how do I modify the password using the same API?

The EC2 API has a call "GetPasswordData" which you can use to retrieve an encrypted block of data containing the Administrator password. To decrypt it, you need 2 things:
First, the private key. This is the private half of the keypair you used to instantiate the instance. A complication is that normally Amazon uses keys in PEM format ("-----BEGIN"...) but the Java Crypto API wants keys in DER format. You can do the conversion yourself - strip off the -----BEGIN and -----END lines, take the block of text in the middle and base64-decode it.
Second, the encryption parameters. The data is encrypted with RSA, with PKCS1 padding – so the magic invocation to give to JCE is: Cipher.getInstance("RSA/NONE/PKCS1Padding")
Here's a full example (that relies on BouncyCastle, but could be modified to use a different crypto engine)
package uk.co.frontiertown;
import com.amazonaws.auth.AWSCredentials;
import com.amazonaws.auth.BasicAWSCredentials;
import com.amazonaws.services.ec2.AmazonEC2Client;
import com.amazonaws.services.ec2.model.GetPasswordDataRequest;
import com.amazonaws.services.ec2.model.GetPasswordDataResult;
import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
import org.bouncycastle.util.encoders.Base64;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
public class GetEc2WindowsAdministratorPassword {
private static final String ACCESS_KEY = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
private static final String SECRET_KEY = "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx";
private static final String PRIVATE_KEY_MATERIAL = "-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n" +
"MIIEowIBAAKCAQEAjdD54kJ88GxkeRc96EQPL4h8c/7V2Q2QY5VUiJ+EblEdcVnADRa12qkohT4I\n" +
// several more lines of key data
"srz+xXTvbjIJ6RL/FDqF8lvWEvb8uSC7GeCMHTznkicwUs0WiFax2AcK3xjgtgQXMgoP\n" +
"-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n";
public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, InterruptedException {
Security.addProvider(new BouncyCastleProvider());
String password = getPassword(ACCESS_KEY, SECRET_KEY, "i-XXXXXXXX", PRIVATE_KEY_MATERIAL);
System.out.println(password);
}
private static String getPassword(String accessKey, String secretKey, String instanceId, String privateKeyMaterial) throws GeneralSecurityException, InterruptedException {
// Convert the private key in PEM format to DER format, which JCE can understand
privateKeyMaterial = privateKeyMaterial.replace("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----\n", "");
privateKeyMaterial = privateKeyMaterial.replace("-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----", "");
byte[] der = Base64.decode(privateKeyMaterial);
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(der);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
// Get the encrypted password data from EC2
AWSCredentials awsCredentials = new BasicAWSCredentials(accessKey, secretKey);
AmazonEC2Client client = new AmazonEC2Client(awsCredentials);
GetPasswordDataRequest getPasswordDataRequest = new GetPasswordDataRequest().withInstanceId(instanceId);
GetPasswordDataResult getPasswordDataResult = client.getPasswordData(getPasswordDataRequest);
String passwordData = getPasswordDataResult.getPasswordData();
while (passwordData == null || passwordData.isEmpty()) {
System.out.println("No password data - probably not generated yet - waiting and retrying");
Thread.sleep(10000);
getPasswordDataResult = client.getPasswordData(getPasswordDataRequest);
passwordData = getPasswordDataResult.getPasswordData();
}
// Decrypt the password
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/NONE/PKCS1Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] cipherText = Base64.decode(passwordData);
byte[] plainText = cipher.doFinal(cipherText);
String password = new String(plainText, Charset.forName("ASCII"));
return password;
}
}
ObDisclosure: I originally answered this on a blog posting at http://www.frontiertown.co.uk/2012/03/java-administrator-password-windows-ec2-instance/

You can create an instance, set the password and then turn it back into an image. Effectively setting a default password for each instance you create. Wouldn't this be simpler?

Looks like you are looking for the following parts of the API: GetPasswordDataRequest and GetPasswordDataResult

You can also create a Image with default user name and Password setup on that Image.And then launch all instances with that image id..so that you dont need to create and retrieve password evry time..just launch your instance rdp that launched instance with definde credntials in Image. I am doing same.And its perfectly working for me.