Im looking to draw a 3D object in openGL but whats the best way to approach this? I was thinking of drawing the side profile of it in 2D and maybe then fleshing it out to become 3D but is that possible? I think it would be easier to do it that way then just go straight into 3D but if you cant then id just be wasting my time.
I also cant figure out how to add the sky and maybe even the sea with a reflection, is this easily done?
gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.glColor3f(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glPushMatrix();
gl.glTranslatef(-1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glRotatef((float) shoulder, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
// gl.glPushMatrix();
gl.glScalef(2.0f, 0.4f, 1.0f);
glut.glutWireCube(1.0f);
// gl.glPopMatrix();
gl.glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glRotatef((float) elbow, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
// gl.glPushMatrix();
gl.glScalef(2.0f, 0.4f, 1.0f);
glut.glutWireCube(1.0f);
// gl.glPopMatrix();
gl.glTranslatef(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glRotatef((float) hand, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glTranslatef(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
// gl.glPushMatrix();
gl.glScalef(2.0f, 0.4f, 1.0f);
glut.glutWireCube(1.0f);
// gl.glPopMatrix();
Ive just been trying random numbers to try and get it to work but not such luck so far!
Ok first, reflections can be hard depending on how you want to do them. You will definitely need to learn more OpenGL before attempting something like that. Second, 3D objects require some more matrix stuff, this is an example from my init method in my 3D game:
private void initGl() {
glViewport(0, 0, Display.getWidth(), Display.getHeight());
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
glLoadIdentity();
GLU.gluPerspective(45.0f, Display.getWidth() / Display.getHeight(), 1.0f, 100.0f);
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
glLoadIdentity();
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glClearDepth(1.0f);
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST);
glEnable(GL_FOG);
glFogi(GL_FOG_MODE, GL_EXP2);
glFogf(GL_FOG_DENSITY, density);
glHint(GL_FOG_DENSITY, GL_FASTEST);
glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
glCullFace(GL_BACK);
}
You will also need to clear the buffer like this before drawing:
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
You are almost correct when you say just flesh out a 2D object. If we were still using immediate mode (glBegin()/glEnd()), your approach would be correct. However, immediate mode is deprecated now and we usually use VBOs. I would suggest going on YouTube and searching for theCodingUniverse if you are using LWJGL, he has a video on VBOs and advanced rendering, its how I learned them!
Good luck in the world of 3D, its not easy at all, but its (in my opinion), much more satisfying than 2D when you get something working.
Also, consider investing in the RedBook, its all about LWJGL.
Related
Why this code doesn't work?
The buttons should be green, but they remain white.
Code works perfect, if i use Textures instead of Sprites.
game.interface_batch.begin();
...
game.interface_batch.setColor(0.596f, 0.984f, 0.596f, 1.0f);
exit_button_sprite.draw(game.interface_batch);
play_button_sprite.draw(game.interface_batch);
settings_button_sprite.draw(game.interface_batch);
game.interface_batch.setColor(1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
...
game.interface_batch.end();
How to change the color of multiple Sprites?
Code like this is really heavy for more than 3 sprites:
exit_button_sprite.setColor(0.596f, 0.984f, 0.596f, 1.0f);
play_button_sprite.setColor(0.596f, 0.984f, 0.596f, 1.0f);
settings_button_sprite.setColor(0.596f, 0.984f, 0.596f, 1.0f);
exit_button_sprite.draw(game.interface_batch);
play_button_sprite.draw(game.interface_batch);
settings_button_sprite.draw(game.interface_batch);
I am currently trying to convert the drawing methods for my 2D java game to OpenGL by using JOGL, because native java seems rather slow for drawing high-res images in rapid succession. Now i want to use a 16:9 aspect ratio, but the problem is that my image is stretched to the sides. Currently i am only drawing a white rotating quad for testing this:
public void resize(GLAutoDrawable d, int width, int height) {
GL2 gl = d.getGL().getGL2(); // get the OpenGL 2 graphics context
gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_PROJECTION);
gl.glOrtho(-1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
}
public void display(GLAutoDrawable d) {
GL2 gl = d.getGL().getGL2(); // get the OpenGL 2 graphics context
gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
gl.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
gl.glMatrixMode(GL2.GL_MODELVIEW);
gl.glLoadIdentity();
gl.glColor3f(1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);
degree += 0.1f;
gl.glRotatef(degree, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glBegin(GL2.GL_QUADS);
gl.glVertex2f(-0.25f, 0.25f);
gl.glVertex2f(0.25f, 0.25f);
gl.glVertex2f(0.25f, -0.25f);
gl.glVertex2f(-0.25f, -0.25f);
gl.glEnd();
gl.glRotatef(-degree, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
gl.glFlush();
}
I know that you can somehow adress this problem by using glOrtho() and I tried many different values for this now, but none of them achieved a unstretched image. How do I have to use this? Or is there another simple solution for this?
The projection matrix transforms all vertex data from the eye coordinates to the clip coordinates.
Then, these clip coordinates are also transformed to the normalized device coordinates (NDC) by dividing with w component of the clip coordinates.
The normalized device coordinates is in range (-1, -1, -1) to (1, 1, 1).
With the orthographic projection, the eye space coordinates are linearly mapped to the NDC.
If the viewport is rectangular this has to be considered by mapping the coordinates.
float aspect = (float)width/height;
gl.glOrtho(-aspect, aspect, -1.0f, 1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
I am trying to create a simple JOGL program, and have run into a problem. I just imported all of the necessary packages into my class file, however now, every time I use the glTranslate function, it is being flagged red as an error, for example at the end of this block of code.
public void lab2a(GLAutoDrawable drawable) {
GL gl = drawable.getGL();
gl.glTranslatef(-1.0f, -1.0f, -6f);
// Drawing first rectangle (blue)
gl.glBegin(GL.GL_QUADS);
gl.glColor3f(0f, 0f, 1f); // sets color to blue
gl.glVertex3f(-0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f); //Top left vertice
gl.glVertex3f(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.0f); //Top right vertice
gl.glVertex3f(-0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f); //Bottom left vertice
gl.glVertex3f(0.5f, -0.5f, 0.0f); //Bottom right vertice
gl.glEnd();
gl.glTranslate(1.1f, 0f, 0f);
The flag reads: "cannot find symbol", and is present for each use of glTranslate I use. Does anybody have any idea how to fix this?
Your source code is obsolete, it uses JOGL 1 whose maintenance was stopped in 2010.
Please switch to JOGL 2, go to jogamp.org. Replace GL.GL_QUADS by GL2.GL_QUADS, replace GL gl = drawable.getGL() by GL2 gl = drawable.getGL().getGL2(), etc... Look at the API documentation here.
Ive added a light source to my JOGL project which seems to work quite well when the object is stationary, when I move the camera it gradually gets darker as it rotates, which is what id expect but as soon as it rotates 90 degree the screen goes completely black, does anyone know why this is? Do I need to another light source for the other side? I was hoping it would kind of act like the sun, i.e. light up the whole scene but be slightly darker when the camera is on the other side of the object.
Lighting
float light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f };
float light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
float light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f };
float light_position[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f };
gl.glLightfv(GL2.GL_LIGHT0, GL2.GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient, 0);
gl.glLightfv(GL2.GL_LIGHT0, GL2.GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse, 0);
gl.glLightfv(GL2.GL_LIGHT0, GL2.GL_SPECULAR, light_specular, 0);
gl.glLightfv(GL2.GL_LIGHT0, GL2.GL_POSITION, light_position, 0);
gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LIGHTING);
gl.glEnable(GL2.GL_LIGHT0);
gl.glDepthFunc(GL.GL_LESS);
gl.glEnable(GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
Secondly, when the camera rotates some of the shapes seem to deform and look like completely different shapes, i.e. cubes turning pincushion like, sides being stretched an incredible amount and its making my whole object look slightly deformed. Is there an easy way to change this? Ive tried messing with gluPerspective and that doesnt seem to do change what I want either. Is there any way around this?
You have added diffuse and specular light to your scene, but these will not reach surfaces that are facing away from the light source. You could add some ambient light (currently set to 0, 0, 0 in your code snippet) so that all surfaces receive some illumination.
As for the deformed shapes, that is really a separate question, and there is not enough detail given to know why this is happening.
I'm trying to implement a blurring mechanic on a java game. How do I create a blur effect on runtime?
Google "Gaussian Blur", try this: http://www.jhlabs.com/ip/blurring.html
Read about/Google "Convolution Filters", it's a method of changing a pixels value based on the values of pixels around it. So apart from blurring, you can also do image sharpening and line-finding.
If you are doing java game development, I'm willing to bet you are using java2d.
You want to create a convolution filter like so:
// Create the kernel.
kernel = new KernelJAI
float[] = { 0.0F, -1.0F, 0.0F,
-1.0F, 5.0F, -1.0F,
0.0F, -1.0F, 0.0F };
// Create the convolve operation.
blurredImage = JAI.create("convolve", originalImage, kernel);
You can find more information at: http://java.sun.com/products/java-media/jai/forDevelopers/jai1_0_1guide-unc/Image-enhance.doc.html#51172 (which is where the code is from too)