Develop Reference

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.Filter [duplicate]

I Started a new project with Spring Boot 1.2.3. I'm getting error
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/Filter
Gradle Dependencies:
dependencies {
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-security")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web")
compile("org.codehaus.groovy:groovy")
compile("com.h2database:h2")
compile("org.thymeleaf.extras:thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3")
providedRuntime("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat")
testCompile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test")
compile 'org.webjars:jquery:2.1.4'
compile 'org.webjars:bootstrap:3.3.4'
}
Here is the full stack trace
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/Filter
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:449)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:71)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:800)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:449)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:71)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2570)
at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:2813)
at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1663)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:125)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.Filter
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:425)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:358)
... 29 more
Process finished with exit code 1

for the maven users,
comment the scope provided in the following dependency:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<!--<scope>provided</scope>-->
</dependency>
UPDATE
As feed.me mentioned you have to uncomment the provided part depending on what kind of app you are deploying.
Here is a useful link with the details:
http://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/htmlsingle/#build-tool-plugins-maven-packaging

It's not good to change the scope of your application dependencies. Putting the dependency as compile, will provide the dependency also in your artifact that will be installed somewere.
The best think to do is configure the RUN configuration of your sping boot application by specifying as stated in documentation :
"Include dependencies with 'Provided' scope" "Enable this option to
add dependencies with the Provided scope to the runtime classpath."

providedRuntime("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat")
This should be
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat")

It's interesting things with IDE (IntelliJ in this case):
if you leave default, i.e. don't declare spring-boot-starter-tomcat as provided, a spring-boot-maven-plugin (SBMP) put tomcat's jars to your war -> and you'll probably get errors deploying this war to container (there could be a versions conflict)
else you'll get classpath with no compile dependency on tomcat-embed (SBMP will build executable war/jar with provided deps included anyway)
intelliJ honestly doesn't see provided deps at runtime (they are not in classpath) when you run its Spring Boot run configuration.
and with no tomcat-embed you can't run Spring-Boot with embedded servlet container.
There is some tricky workaround: put Tomcat's jars to classpath of your idea-module via UI: File->Project Structure->(Libraries or Modules/Dependencies tab) .
tomcat-embed-core
tomcat-embed-el
tomcat-embed-websocket
tomcat-embed-logging-juli
Better solution for maven case
Instead of adding module dependencies in Idea, it is better to declare maven profile with compile scope of spring-boot-starter-tomcat library.
<profiles>
<profile>
<id>embed-tomcat</id>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</profile>
</profiles>
while spring-boot-starter-tomcat was declared provided in <dependencies/>, making this profile active in IDE or CLI (mvn -Pembed-tomcat ...) allow you to launch build with embedded tomcat.

Add the following dependency. The scope should be compile then it will work.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

In my case scope of that dependency was provided.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
So, I was getting the same issue.
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.Filter
I had to enable the below option in Intellij
Add dependencies with "provided" scope to classpath
You will see below option enabled,
OR
You can add the below property to .intellij/workspace.xml file under your application configuration section.
<option name="INCLUDE_PROVIDED_SCOPE" value="true" />
e.g.,
<component name="RunManager" selected="Application.DemoApp">
<configuration name="DemoApp" type="Application" factoryName="Application">
<option name="INCLUDE_PROVIDED_SCOPE" value="true" /> ```

For Jar
Add pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

That looks like you tried to add the libraries servlet.jar or servlet-api.jar into your project /lib/ folder, but Tomcat already should provide you with those libraries. Remove them from your project and classpath. Search for that anywhere in your project or classpath and remove it.

The configuration here is working for me:
configurations {
customProvidedRuntime
}
dependencies {
compile(
// Spring Boot dependencies
)
customProvidedRuntime('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat')
}
war {
classpath = files(configurations.runtime.minus(configurations.customProvidedRuntime))
}
springBoot {
providedConfiguration = "customProvidedRuntime"
}

2023 Solution
Remove provided from maven of tomcat artifactId
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<!-- Here <scope>provided</scope >-->
</dependency>

Dataflow and Bigtable dependency conflict

The error I'm getting:
Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/beam/sdk/transforms/DoFn
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)
at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)
at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)
at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:544)
at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:526)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.beam.sdk.transforms.DoFn
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:335)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 7 more
My pom dependencies:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.cloud.bigtable</groupId>
<artifactId>bigtable-hbase-beam</artifactId>
<version>1.11.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.beam</groupId>
<artifactId>beam-runners-google-cloud-dataflow-java</artifactId>
<version>2.13.0</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
I assumed that the issue was coming from the two dependencies using different versions of the beam sdk, so I changed the beam-runners-google-cloud-dataflow-java version to 2.11.0, which uses the same beam sdk version. But I got the same error.
Any help would be greatly appreciated!

How are you running the pipeline? I'm guessing that the issue is that the beam jars are not on your classpath. You either need to use the maven exec plugin to invoke your main() with all of the maven dependencies on the classpath or you need to create a fat jar using something like the maven shade plugin or the maven assembly plugin. Please see here for example of how to use the maven exec plugin to run a pipeline:
https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/cloud-bigtable-examples/blob/a017a237fa8dae764451a658150190743c1b4127/java/dataflow-connector-examples/pom.xml#L146-L161

Unable to resolve a dependency on URLUtil, conflicting requirements

I'm getting the following error when trying to compile my project:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/httpclient/util/URIUtil
at org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.URLFileName.getPathQueryEncoded(URLFileName.java:91)
at org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.URLFileName.getURIEncoded(URLFileName.java:161)
at org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.url.UrlFileObject.createURL(UrlFileObject.java:74)
at org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.url.UrlFileObject.doAttach(UrlFileObject.java:63)
at org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.AbstractFileObject.attach(AbstractFileObject.java:1505)
at org.apache.commons.vfs2.provider.AbstractFileObject.getType(AbstractFileObject.java:489)
.... (More project-scope traces)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.httpclient.util.URIUtil
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:372)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:361)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:360)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 13 more
I have the following maven dependencies in my project, among others:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
<version>4.3.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-vfs2</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
</dependency>
I absolutely must depend on a HttpClient version 4.3.4 or greater because of other dependencies and various bugs we ran into with previous versions. After a bit of research, I discovered the class in question (URLUtil) was removed from HttpClient after HttpClient 3.1.
Is there any way to resolve this? Or another library I could use instead of vfs2? I'm attempting to write files over sftp using both user/pass and key authentication schemes.

As it turns out, the artifacts are different between the 3.x and 4.x releases of HttpClient. All I had to do was include:
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
Silly me, thinking that they'd override each-other.

Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext

I am trying to set up the JUnit test with the MockMVC.
From this link - "either must not use the Servlet API or you need to provide it on the classpath".
I added the following to file pom.xml, but it didn't work. What should I do?
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
Here is the trace:
org.springframework.beans.BeanInstantiationException: Could not instantiate bean class [org.springframework.test.context.web.WebDelegatingSmartContextLoader]: Constructor threw exception; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:163)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:105)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:130)
at org.springframework.test.context.ContextLoaderUtils.resolveContextLoader(ContextLoaderUtils.java:118)
at org.springframework.test.context.ContextLoaderUtils.buildMergedContextConfiguration(ContextLoaderUtils.java:594)
at org.springframework.test.context.ContextLoaderUtils.buildMergedContextConfiguration(ContextLoaderUtils.java:560)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContext.<init>(TestContext.java:99)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.<init>(TestContextManager.java:117)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTestContextManager(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:119)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:108)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:31)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:24)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:57)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:29)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:57)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:24)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:63)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/servlet/ServletContext
at org.springframework.test.context.web.WebDelegatingSmartContextLoader.<init>(WebDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:36)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:148)
... 22 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: javax.servlet.ServletContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
... 28 more`enter code here`
Based on the comments, I changed the scope to compile, and then it seems past the issue of class not found!
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>

It is a common issue. As Aniket Thakur said, the container will provide all Java Servlet classes at runtime. But during the tests you need a JAR file to provide them.
The dependency you added to your POM is only the API: it declares everything but contains no implementation. So it will not help. Anyway, you declare it as "provided" which says to Maven "don't worry, I know it will be on classpath".
You have to add a dependency that bring the implementation of all Java EE classes in test scope. In my projects I use GlassFish even if I later use Tomcat as a Servlet container, but I once found the dependency googling for the same problem:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
It should solve your NoClassDefFoundError problem.

Class is not found at runtime, but it is available at compile time. You need to add the corresponding JAR file so that it can be found at runtime. I generally use Ivy and in Eclipse I do:
Menu Project → Properties → Deployment Assembly → Add → Java Build Path Entries → Ivy → Finish
There must be something similar for Maven as well.
Also you need javax.servlet-api only during compile time as the container you are using to run the server will provide the actual APIs at runtime.

How to use Goose in Java Project

How can i use Goose on a java project? I tested the online version of both boilerpipe and goose, and the last one it's way better but now it's developed in Scala.
I searched for the jar of previous version but can't find it (neither api). The last .jar i tried it's: goose-2.1.22. I imported it in my Ecplise project and tried with this code:
String url = "http://www.cnn.com/2010/POLITICS/08/13/democrats.social.security/index.html";
Goose goose = new Goose(new Configuration());
Article article = goose.extractContent(url);
System.out.println(article.cleanedArticleText());
But i get this error:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: scala/ScalaObject
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClassCond(ClassLoader.java:631)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:615)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:141)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:283)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$000(URLClassLoader.java:58)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:197)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)
at daweb.main(daweb.java:212)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: scala.ScalaObject
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:202)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:190)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:306)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:301)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:247)
... 13 more
Is it possible to use Goose without Scala?

You should add Scala Library to your buildpath

There is a link provided in the issues page where you can find a .jar compiled for java use.
https://github.com/GravityLabs/goose/issues
import com.gravity.goose.*;
String url = "http://www.straitstimes.com/little-india-riot";
Goose goose = new Goose(new Configuration());
Article article = goose.extractContent(url);
System.out.println(article.cleanedArticleText());
This code works as a start.

If you're managing your dependencies with Maven, you can just add Goose to the dependencies section of your pom.xml and all of it's transitive dependencies will end up on the class path.
<dependency>
<groupId>com.gravity</groupId>
<artifactId>goose</artifactId>
<version>2.1.22</version>
</dependency>

You should add scala-library jar to your classpath. If you are using Maven, add this dependency to your project:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.scala-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>scala-library</artifactId>
<version>2.10.4</version>
</dependency>