On overlap, player gets stuck libgdx Rectangle - java

So I'm working on a collision detection code and what i do is when the user rectangle overlaps the rectangle where they cant move, I stop them from moving. So if im moving right and I hit a wall i cant move forward. This works. However if after i hit that wall, I want to move down or up form that point, I get stuck.
This is how i check if the user has colidded
private void checkCollision() {
for (int x = 0; x < amount; x++) {
if (collsionRect[x].overlaps(user)) {
Gdx.app.log(ChromeGame.LOG, "Overlap");
xD = 0;
yD = 0;
}
}
}
And this is how I move my user
private void moveUser() {
// camera.translate(xD, yD);
player.translate(xD, yD);
camera.position.set(player.getX(), player.getY(), 0);
// Gdx.app.log(ChromeGame.LOG, player.getX() + "," + player.getY());
user = new Rectangle(player.getX(), player.getY(), player.getWidth(),
player.getHeight());
checkCollision();
}
In my render method I keep calling the move userMove method till I let go of the keyboard wher eit turns the xD,yD to zero

The problem is that you check if rectangles overlap. This means that your character is not colliding unless some part of him is already inside the wall, then he stops moving. The next time you want to move the character he is already colliding (a part of him is inside the wall) and so checkCollision() will set xD, yD to 0 and your character won't move.
The easiest solution to this is to make a "fake" move (interpolation) and check if this new move will make him collide, if he will collide you simply don't accept this new move. In pseudocode
new position = player.x + deltaX, player.y+deltaY
create new rectangle for player from new position
check collision with new rectangle
if not collide player.x += deltaX, player.y+=deltaY

Related

Why does my ball fall off the bottom of the screen? - Java Bouncy Ball Program

I have a move function where I move all the balls that are on the screen. I have also added gravity (probably quite badly) which makes the balls lose height as they bounce (gravity is adjusted using a slider). However, after bouncing a bit new the bottom, they end up falling off the screen even though they shouldn't fall off. Does anyone know how to fix it?
//controls the movement of balls
private void move(JFrame frame) {
loop = 0;
while (loop < balls) {
// Adds Gravity to Y Angle
yAngles.set(loop, yAngles.get(loop) + gravity);
//Wall detection
if (xValues.get(loop) + xAngles.get(loop) < 0) { // Left wall
xAngles.set(loop, xSpeed.get(loop));
} else if (xValues.get(loop) + xAngles.get(loop) > getWidth()-100) { // Right wall
xAngles.set(loop, -xSpeed.get(loop));
} else if (yValues.get(loop) + yAngles.get(loop) < 0) { // Top wall
yAngles.set(loop, ySpeed.get(loop));
} else if (yValues.get(loop) + yAngles.get(loop) > getHeight()-100) { // Bottom Wall
yAngles.set(loop, -ySpeed.get(loop));
bounces.set(loop, bounces.get(loop) + 1);
}
//Changes the x/y values
xValues.set(loop, xValues.get(loop) + xAngles.get(loop));
yValues.set(loop, yValues.get(loop) + yAngles.get(loop) + ((gravity) * bounces.get(loop)));
loop++;
System.out.println(xValues);
System.out.println(yValues);
System.out.println(xAngles);
System.out.println(yAngles);
System.out.println(bounces);
}
}
I have tried implementing an average y Value so I can try and stop the ball once the average height of the ball is the same, it stops the ball. I have also tried to check the the y Value to see if it greater than the border. If it is, then it stops the ball but that also didn't work.

processing: trouble using global array in if condition in for loop

I am trying to write a small program that has a given number of balls (in the example code below it's 3) travel back and forth across the screen at different speeds and phases (start offset).
This much has been achieved in the code. Although I want to be able to select the balls (one at a time) using a mouse click.
I have used the word "HIT!!!" to signify in the console that a ball has been clicked.
My problem is that when I run the code below, I only get a "HIT!" in the console when I click the top ball. That is when the first element y[0] matches with the click_Y variable. When I am sure (but obviously mistaken somehow) that there should be matches when I click in the vicinity of y[1] & y[2].
I'd really be grateful for any help with these. As it's gotten to the point where I am starting to stare blankly at the screen. Thanks.
int noCircles; // the number of items in the array (# of circles)
float[] y; // y-position of each circle (fixed)
float[] speed; // speed of each circle
float[] phase; // phase of each circle
float red = 120;
float green = 120;
float blue = 120;
float click_X;
float click_Y;
void setup() {
size(500, 500);
noCircles = 3;
// allocate space for each array
y = new float[noCircles];
speed = new float[noCircles];
phase = new float[noCircles];
// calculate the vertical gap between each circle based on the total number
// of circles
float gap = height / (noCircles + 1);
//setup an initial value for each item in the array
for (int i=0; i<noCircles; i++) {
y[i] = gap * (i + 1);
// y is constant for each so can be calculated once
speed[i] = random(10);
phase[i] = random(TWO_PI);
}
}
void draw() {
background(155);
for (int i=0; i<noCircles; i++) {
// calculate the x-position of each ball based on the speed, phase and
//current frame
float x = width/2 + sin(radians(frameCount*speed[i] ) + phase[i])* 200;
if (dist(x, y[i], click_X, click_Y) <= 20){
println("HIT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!");
}
ellipse(x, y[i], 20, 20);
click_X = 0;
click_Y = 0;
}
}
void mousePressed() {
println("You clicked******************************************");
click_X = mouseX;
click_Y = mouseY;
println("click_X =" + click_X);
println("click_Y =" + click_Y);
}
Problems like these are best solved by debugging your program. Start by tracing through the code by hand, then add print statements (more than you've already added), and if that doesn't work then don't be afraid to use the debugger.
You're using the click_X and click_Y variables to check the position of the mouse against the position of each ball. Trace through the for loop in your draw() function. What happens at the end of the first iteration?
You reset the values of click_X and click_Y. That's why you aren't detecting any hits on the other circles.
You could probably refactor your code to only reset those variables if something has been hit, but really, I would stop using them altogether.
I'm guessing that you're using those variables because you only want to check when the mouse is pressed? Just use the mousePressed variable for that. Then you can use the mouseX and mouseY variables directly.
Then your if statement would look like this:
if (mousePressed && dist(x, y[i], mouseX, mouseY) <= 20) {
println("HIT: " + i);
}
Also, using separate arrays like this is called parallel arrays, and is general a bad habit to get into. You should probably use classes instead.

Java Collision Detection Before You Move

I have finally gotten collision detection working by using intersects() between 2 rectangles, and it seems to be working. However the player is just getting stuck in the rectangle and can't move. So I am now trying to check collision before the player moves.
Here is what I have tried:
if(up == true){
Rectangle futurerect = new Rectangle(px,py-=5,81,150);
if(!futurerect.intersects(wallexample)){
py-=5;
repaint();
}
}
if(down == true){
Rectangle futurerect = new Rectangle(px,py+=5,81,150);
if(!futurerect.intersects(wallexample)){
py+=5;
repaint();
}
}
if(left == true){
Rectangle futurerect = new Rectangle(px-=5,py,81,150);
if(!futurerect.intersects(wallexample)){
px-=5;
repaint();
}
}
if(right == true){
Rectangle futurerect = new Rectangle(px+=5,py,81,150);
if(!futurerect.intersects(wallexample)){
px+=5;
repaint();
}
}
I just create a new rectangle but at where it would be if the player moved, and check if it collides. If it does, don't move.
The problem is, when the player moves into the rectangle, it just slows down. It still moves through the wall but just moves at a slower pace for some reason.
What is causing this issue?
It looks like you aren't checking the correct area because your instantiation of a new Rectangle is incrementing / decrementing the py or px and assigning it that value in the constructor of Rectangle.
So if you have a player at 0,0 in Cartesian and you want to know if they move up will they hit a wall.
if (up == true) {
Rectangle futurerect = new Rectangle(px,py-=5,81,150);
if(!futurerect.intersects(wallexample)){
py-=5;
repaint();
}
}
py is now set to -5 once you instantiate the Rectangle.
Rectangle futurerect = new Rectangle(px,py-=5,81,150);
because of py-=5 in the second parameter.
When you perform the intersect inspection it is looking at 0, -5. Once that says "Yes, no wall here" you decrement the py another 5. Now we have a player coord px, py of 0, -10 and you didn't check for a wall in that location.
Try fixing the logic here so it doesn't assign the new value to px / py:
Rectangle futureRect = new Rectangle(px, py - 5, 81, 150);

Iterating through a Java collection to make these balls bounce, any hints?

Apologies if the question isn't clear but I couldn't think of another way to phrase it.
This is for a class assignment which I've been working at in BlueJ all weekend. I have to change a method (bounce) to let a user choose how many balls should be bouncing.
Other requirements are: the balls should be of different sizes and should be displayed in a row along the top of the screen BEFORE they bounce.
In order to do this I have to use a collection (ArrayList, HashMap, HashSet). So far I've used HashMap and have been able to have the user choose a number of "balls" of random sizes which place themselves in random positions in the top half of the screen.
When I try to have each ball bounce from its position at the top of the screen, ending at the right hand side I come up stuck. I can make the code draw one ball, bounce it then draw another ball, bounce it etc until the user selected number of balls has looped round.
There are two other classes, one to draw the canvas and one to draw the balls and move them. Both of which I'm not allowed to touch.
What I'm doing the wrong way is probably right in front of me but i've been staring at this code so long I thought I'd ask.
My current version of the code looks like this:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class BallDemo
{
private Canvas myCanvas;
private HashMap<Integer, BouncingBall> ballMap;
private int n;
private int j;
private BouncingBall ball;
/**
* Create a BallDemo object. Creates a fresh canvas and makes it visible.
*/
public BallDemo()
{
myCanvas = new Canvas("Ball Demo", 600, 500);
}
And the method I have to edit to bounce the balls:
public void bounce(int numBalls)
{
ballMap = new HashMap<Integer, BouncingBall>();
int ground = 400; // position of the ground line
Random randomD1 = new Random();
Random xpos = new Random();
myCanvas.setVisible(true);
// draw the ground
myCanvas.drawLine(50, ground, 550, ground);
// add balls to HashMap
for(n = 0; n < numBalls; n++) {
ballMap.put(numBalls, (ball = new BouncingBall(xpos.nextInt(300), 50, randomD1.nextInt(200), Color.BLUE, ground, myCanvas)));
//
for(j= 0; j < ballMap.size(); j++) {
ball.draw();
boolean finished = false;
while(!finished) {
myCanvas.wait(50); // small delay
ball.move(); // bounce the ball
// stop once ball has travelled a certain distance on x axis
if(ball.getXPosition() >= 550) {
finished = true;
}
}
}
}
}
}
Am I even on the right lines using a HashMap? The combination of keys, values seemed the best way to go. I think I need to somehow iterate through the items placed in the collection to make them bounce using the move() method. But first I need the balls to stay in a row at the top of the screen, no matter how many the user defines.
I'm new to programming and I'm just coming up stumped.
Thanks for any help!
#16dots is partly right, except ballMap.put(numBalls, ball); will over write the same value in the hash map each time, as numBalls does not change...
The key should be unique.
It should read...
for (int n; n < numBalls; n++) {
BouncingBall ball = new BouncingBall(xpos.nextInt(300), 50,
randomD1.
nextInt(200), Color.BLUE, ground, myCanvas);
ballMap.put(n, ball);
}
boolean finished = false;
while (!finished) {
finished = true;
for (int j = 0; j < ballMap.size(); j++) {
BouncingBall selectedBall = ballMap.get(j);
selectedBall.draw();
// Only move the ball if it hasn't finished...
if (selectedBall.getXPosition() < 550) {
selectedBall.move(); // bounce the ball
// stop once ball has travelled a certain distance on x axis
if (selectedBall.getXPosition() < 550) {
finished = false;
}
}
}
myCanvas.wait(50); // small delay
}

Java Tile Game - Collision Detection

I am making a java game using tiles. I am having trouble with the collision element. I am defining rectangles for each tile on the map, and another rectangle for the player. What I am having trouble with is knowing which side the player is coming from when it hits the rectangle, and then pushing the player off in the direction the player came from. I have already made a method that checks how much the character is inside the rectangle, so it can know how much to push it out, but I can't figure out how to tell which side the character is coming from.
here is my current collision methoe - note rect1 is the character and rect2 is the tile
public void collision(Rectangle rect1, Rectangle rect2) {
float xAdd;
float xAdd2;
float yAdd;
float yAdd2;
boolean hitRight = false;
boolean hitLeft = false;
boolean hitTop = false;
boolean hitBot = false;
Vector2f rect1Origin = new Vector2f(rect1.x, rect1.y);
Vector2f rect2Origin = new Vector2f(rect2.x, rect2.y);
Vector2f rect1Mid = new Vector2f((rect1.x + rect1.width) / 2,(rect1.y + rect1.height) / 2);
Vector2f rect2Mid = new Vector2f((rect2.x + rect2.width) / 2,(rect2.y + rect2.height) / 2);
Vector2f rect1A = new Vector2f(rect1Origin.x + rect1.width, rect1.y);
Vector2f rect1B = new Vector2f(rect1Origin.x, rect1Origin.y+ rect1.height);
Vector2f rect1C = new Vector2f(rect1Origin.x + rect1.width,rect1Origin.y + rect1.height);
Vector2f rect2A = new Vector2f(rect2Origin.x + rect2.width, rect2.y);
Vector2f rect2B = new Vector2f(rect2Origin.x, rect2Origin.y
+ rect2.height);
Vector2f rect2C = new Vector2f(rect2Origin.x + rect2.width,
rect2Origin.y + rect2.height);
xAdd = rect2C.x - rect1B.x;
xAdd2 = rect1C.x - rect2B.x;
yAdd = rect2A.y - rect1B.y;
yAdd2 = rect2C.y - rect1A.y;
if (rect1Mid.y < rect2Mid.y) {
if (rect1.intersects(rect2)) {
y_pos += yAdd;
}
}
if (rect1Mid.y > rect2Mid.y) {
if (rect1.intersects(rect2)) {
System.out.println(yAdd2);
y_pos += yAdd2;
}
}
if(rect1Mid.x > rect2Mid.x){
if(rect1.intersects(rect2)){
hitRight = true; x_pos += xAdd;
}
}
if(rect1Mid.x< rect2Mid.x){
if(rect1.intersects(rect2)) {
x_pos += -xAdd2;
}
}
}
Any help would be greatly appreciated
Thanks
Keep two positions for your character - where the it is (as of last frame, move, etc.), and where you want to move it. Then only move it if you don't detect collision - if you don't allow for corrupt state, you don't have to fix it.
Edit: The collision method should be boolean - it should be done before actually moving the character, like
if (!collision(character, tile))
{
doMove(character);
}
else
{
//custom handling if required
}
Edit2: The previous would work only for a small step, if you need a partial move, you really need to know the character's original position, like move(originalPosition, desiredPosition, tile), where you can deduce the direction from the originalPosition and the tile.
The main point is, you don't actually move the character, before you have a valid position for it.
First of all, any Sprite (the character and the tile here) should have four members: xPos, yPos, xVec, yVec. With that in mind, you know where the character was and will be in the next frame.
sprite.xPos += sprite.xVec;
sprite.yPos += sprite.yVec;
Also take a look at your code, you should improve the propositions (for instance, you check if(rect1.intersects(rect2)) in the four if statements). Instead, check only once for the intersects(), and inside check for each possible case (left, right, top, bottom hit).
Finally, the collision method should receive 2 sprites objects (for instance, sprite1 and sprite2), and then check for the intersects() method, taking into account the original positions of both sprites and its vectors. If the sprites intersect in the new position, then you invert the object's vector accordingly.
Assuming you can detect the collision with your code. Here is a way to determine the position of your character with respect to the rectangle object.
Find the middle point of the rectangle. ( Rx,Ry).
Find the middle point of your character sprite. ( Sx,Sy).
Now you can compare Rx,Ry , Sx , Sy to determine in which side is Sx and Sy of Rx and Ry
for ex:
if Sx < Rx then
Sx = left side of Rx
Was struggling with this myself, but after some thinking this check can be done by having all your entities in a List, in my code I had to block the player from moving through blocks. All blocks is in a List. Now, when checking players position I create a new Rectangle and put the players position one frame forward in the direction the update will happened next frame, if the the rectangle intersects that update for that direction will not happened. Heres my code for this:
if (isKeyPressed(KeyEvent.VK_LEFT)) {
if(!collisionWithBlocks(1)){
pl.x = pl.x - updatePlayerPosition;
}
}
if (isKeyPressed(KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT)) {
if(!collisionWithBlocks(0)){
pl.x = pl.x + updatePlayerPosition;
}
}
if (isKeyPressed(KeyEvent.VK_UP)) {
if(!collisionWithBlocks(3)){
pl.y = pl.y - updatePlayerPosition;
}
}
if (isKeyPressed(KeyEvent.VK_DOWN)) {
if(!collisionWithBlocks(2)){
pl.y = pl.y + updatePlayerPosition;
}
}
collisionWithBlocks():
public boolean collisionWithBlocks(int side){
for(Block b : main.blocks){
Rectangle block = b.getBounds();
Rectangle player = null;
if(side == 0){
player = new Rectangle(pl.x + updatePlayerPosition, pl.y, pl.getWidth(), pl.getHeight());
} else if(side == 1){
player = new Rectangle(pl.x - updatePlayerPosition, pl.y, pl.getWidth(), pl.getHeight());
} else if(side == 2){
player = new Rectangle(pl.x, pl.y + updatePlayerPosition, pl.getWidth(), pl.getHeight());
} else if(side == 3){
player = new Rectangle(pl.x, pl.y - updatePlayerPosition, pl.getWidth(), pl.getHeight());
}
if(player.intersects(block)){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
updatePlayerPosition is 2, and changes in my code but enough about that.
In your case, I recommend putting the entities in a List and then checking like I did over.

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