I'm working on a Java Spring+Hibernate project and we have a Junit setup in order to unit-test our code.
The problem I face right now is that I don't understand why Hibernate (with Spring-boot) creates the database schema 2 times before the tests actually run. The sequence is as follows:
Alter tables drop all foreign keys
Drop tables if exist
Create tables
Alter tables add constraints (like FK)
Alter tables drop all foreign keys
Drop tables if exist
Create tables
Alter tables add constraints
Execute all tests
My questions is, if to be more specific: Why points 3-6 including are executed?
Why simply not to execute 1,2,7,8,9. Why do I want this? Because it takes precious time and I don't understand why do I need this.
Below is my persistence configuration:
<persistence-unit name="localContainerEntityForTest">
<description>Spring JPA LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean</description>
<provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect"/>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="create"/>
<property name="hibernate.implicit_naming_strategy" value="legacy-jpa"/>
<property name = "hibernate.show_sql" value = "true" />
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/myApp?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="hibernate"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="password"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
Also, below are the annotations I use for every unit test class:
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = JPAConfigurationTestEnviorement.class)
#WebAppConfiguration
#FixMethodOrder(MethodSorters.NAME_ASCENDING)
I am fairly familiar with Hibernate, but less so with Spring Boot. My guess is that Hibernate is directly responsible for one create-alter-drop cycle and Spring Boot is responsible for the other one. If you are morally opposed to your current setup, then you can try updating your Hibernate XML to the following:
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="validate"/>
By choosing the validate option, you are instructing Hibernate to only validate your existing schema and to not create or drop any tables. The trick here is that I'm not sure which of the two cycles you want to remove (nor did you tell us).
Problem found, after starting the process to upgrade the spring boot version and I observed some weird code that was not telling me anything before. The reason was the creation of EntityManagerFactory before defining the LocalContainerEntityManagerBean:
#Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean getEntityManagerFactoryBean() {
Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("localContainerEntityForTest");
LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean lcemfb = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
lcemfb.setPersistenceUnitName("localContainerEntityForTest");
lcemfb.setPackagesToScan("com.mybasepackage");
lcemfb.setPersistenceXmlLocation("classpath:/META-INF/persistence.xml");
return lcemfb;
}
After removing the line:
Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("localContainerEntityForTest");
the cycle disappeared.
We have a Service which is #Stateful. Most of the Data-Operations are atomic, but within a certain set of functions We want to run multiple native queries within one transaction.
We injected the EntityManager with a transaction scoped persistence context. When creating a "bunch" of normal Entities, using em.persist() everything is working fine.
But when using native queries (some tables are not represented by any #Entity) Hibernate does not run them within the same transaction but basically uses ONE transaction per query.
So, I already tried to use manual START TRANSACTION; and COMMIT; entries - but that seems to interfere with the transactions, hibernate is using to persist Entities, when mixing native queries and persistence calls.
#Stateful
class Service{
#PersistenceContext(unitName = "service")
private EntityManager em;
public void doSth(){
this.em.createNativeQuery("blabla").executeUpdate();
this.em.persist(SomeEntity);
this.em.createNativeQuery("blablubb").executeUpdate();
}
}
Everything inside this method should happen within one transaction. Is this possible with Hibernate?
When debugging it, it is clearly visible that every statement happens "independent" of any transaction. (I.e. Changes are flushed to the database right after every statement.)
I've tested the bellow given example with a minimum setup in order to eliminate any other factors on the problem (Strings are just for breakpoints to review the database after each query):
#Stateful
#TransactionManagement(value=TransactionManagementType.CONTAINER)
#TransactionAttribute(value=TransactionAttributeType.REQUIRED)
public class TestService {
#PersistenceContext(name = "test")
private EntityManager em;
public void transactionalCreation(){
em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','c')").executeUpdate();
String x = "test";
em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','c','b')").executeUpdate();
String y = "test2";
em.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('c','b','a')").executeUpdate();
}
}
Hibernate is configured like this:
<persistence-unit name="test">
<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
<jta-data-source>java:jboss/datasources/test</jta-data-source>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect" />
<property name="hibernate.transaction.jta.platform"
value="org.hibernate.service.jta.platform.internal.JBossAppServerJtaPlatform" />
<property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="20" />
<property name="connection.autocommit" value="false"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
And the outcome is the same as with autocommit mode: After every native query, the database (reviewing content from a second connection) is updated immediately.
The idea of using the transaction in a manual way leads to the same result:
public void transactionalCreation(){
Session s = em.unwrap(Session.class);
Session s2 = s.getSessionFactory().openSession();
s2.setFlushMode(FlushMode.MANUAL);
s2.getTransaction().begin();
s2.createSQLQuery("INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','c')").executeUpdate();
String x = "test";
s2.createSQLQuery("INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','c','b')").executeUpdate();
String y = "test2";
s2.createSQLQuery("INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('c','b','a')").executeUpdate();
s2.getTransaction().commit();
s2.close();
}
In case you don't use container managed transactions then you need to add the transaction policy too:
#Stateful
#TransactionManagement(value=TransactionManagementType.CONTAINER)
#TransactionAttribute(value=REQUIRED)
I have only seen this phenomenon in two situations:
the DataSource is running in auto-commit mode, hence each statement is executed in a separate transaction
the EntityManager was not configured with #Transactional, but then only queries can be run since any DML operation would end-up throwing a transaction required exception.
Let's recap you have set the following Hibernate properties:
hibernate.current_session_context_class=JTA
transaction.factory_class=org.hibernate.transaction.JTATransactionFactory
jta.UserTransaction=java:comp/UserTransaction
Where the final property must be set with your Application Server UserTransaction JNDI naming key.
You could also use the:
hibernate.transaction.manager_lookup_class=org.hibernate.transaction.JBossTransactionManagerLookup
or some other strategy according to your current Java EE Application Server.
After reading about the topic for another bunch of hours while playing around with every configuration property and/or annotation I could find a working solution for my usecase. It might not be the best or only solution, but since the question has received some bookmarks and upvotes, i'd like to share what i have so far:
At first, there was no way to get it working as expected when running the persistence-unit in managed mode. (<persistence-unit name="test" transaction-type="JTA"> - JTA is default if no value given.)
I decided to add another persistence-unit to the persistence xml, which is configured to run in unmanaged mode: <persistence-unit name="test2" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">.
(Note: The waring about Multiple Persistence Units is just cause eclipse can't handle. It has no functional impact at all)
The unmanaged persitence-context requires local configuration of the database, since it is no longer container-provided:
<persistence-unit name="test2" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
<provider>org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider</provider>
<class>test.AEntity</class>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test"/>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect" />
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="1234"/>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root"/>
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="20" />
<property name="hibernate.connection.autocommit" value="false" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
A change required to the project would now be, that you add an unitName, whenever you use the #PersistenceContext annotation to retrieve a managed instance of the EntityManager.
But be aware, that you can only use #PersistenceContext for the managed persistence-unit. For the unmanaged one, you could implement a simple Producer and Inject the EntityManager using CDI whenever required:
#ApplicationScoped
public class Resources {
private static EntityManagerFactory emf;
static {
emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("test2");
}
#Produces
public static EntityManager createEm(){
return emf.createEntityManager();
}
}
Now, in the example given in the original Post, you need to Inject the EntityManager and manually take care about transactions.
#Stateful
public class TestService {
#Inject
private EntityManager em;
public void transactionalCreation() throws Exception {
em.getTransaction().begin();
try {
em.createNativeQuery(
"INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','a')")
.executeUpdate();
em.createNativeQuery(
"INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','b')")
.executeUpdate();
em.createNativeQuery(
"INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','c')")
.executeUpdate();
em.createNativeQuery(
"INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','d')")
.executeUpdate();
AEntity a = new AEntity();
a.setName("TestEntity1");
em.persist(a);
// force unique key violation, rollback should appear.
// em.createNativeQuery(
// "INSERT INTO `ttest` (`name`,`state`,`constraintCol`)VALUES('a','b','d')")
// .executeUpdate();
em.getTransaction().commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
em.getTransaction().rollback();
}
}
}
My tests so far showed that mixing of native queries and persistence calls lead to the desired result: Either everything is commited or the transaction is rolledback as a whole.
For now, the solution seems to work. I will continue to validate it's functionality in the main project and check if there are any other sideeffects.
Another thing I need to verify is if it would be save to:
Inject both Versions of the EM into one Bean and mix usage. (First checks seem to work, even when using both ems at the same time on the same table(s))
Having both Versions of the EM operating on the same datasource. (Same data source would most likely be no problem, same tables I assume could lead to unexpected problems.)
ps.: This is Draft 1. I will continue to improve the answer and point out problems and/or drawbacks I'm going to find.
You have to add <hibernate.connection.release_mode key="hibernate.connection.release_mode" value="after_transaction" /> to your properties. After a restart should the Transaction handling work.
In my project, we use infinispan as 2nd Level cache in combination with Hibernate 4. This is the entry from the persistence.xml
<jta-data-source>java:jboss/datasources/RuleEngine</jta-data-source>
<shared-cache-mode>ALL</shared-cache-mode>
<properties>
<property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="false" />
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.DB2390Dialect"/>
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache" value="true" />
<property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache" value="true"/>
<property name="hibernate.cache.infinispan.cachemanager" value="java:jboss/infinispan/RuleEngineCache"/>
<property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class" value="org.hibernate.cache.infinispan.JndiInfinispanRegionFactory"/>
</properties>
What I wanted to do is to clear the cache when hitting a button on the GUI. The java code is:
CacheManager cm = new DefaultCacheManager();
Cache<Object, Object> c = cm.getCache();
c.clear();
I added this code to my web project.
But I get an exception on the first line saying Failed to define class org.infinispan.io.ExposedByteArrayOutputStream in Module "deployment.RuleEngineWS-ear.ear.RuleEditor-1.2.0-SNAPSHOT.war:main" from Service Module Loader: java.lang.LinkageError: Failed to link org/infinispan/io/ExposedByteArrayOutputStream (Module "deployment.RuleEngineWS-ear.ear.RuleEditor-1.2.0-SNAPSHOT.war:main" from Service Module Loader)
Caused by java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteOutput
Caused by java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.jboss.marshalling.ByteOutput
The cache itself is working properly, I just have problems explicitly accessing it. I thought that I will get the one and only CacheManager if I call new DefaulCacheManager() but then also using this Interface is deprecated.
So if I am totally on the wrong path, how can I delete my cache then?
Infinispan 5.2.6
EDIT:
Also I tried injecting the CM by using several tries and especially the #Resource(lookup="java:jboss/infinispan/RuleEngineCache") annotation. But it is not injected, whether I use EmbeddedCacheManager as in the quickstart example or the deprecated CacheManager.
If you want to clear Hibernate's second level cache, regardless of the caching provider, you should call up directly to Hibernate. Calling SessionFactory.getCache().evictAllRegions should do it, without having to get your hands dirty with Infinispan.
I am using the HDIV Web Application Security Framework for a java web application. Every new web-page-request generates hdiv-internal security information that is cached and used for security checks.
I have the following szenario:
I have one order page that pops up a confirmation-page for 2 seconds when something was added to or removed from the cart.
after 50 popups the the underlaying order page is removed from the cache and therefor an error occurs in the app.
does anybody know how to influence the hdiv cache-removal strategy to keep the basepage alive?
One way around is to increase org.hdiv.session.StateCache.maxSize from 50 to 500.
but this would only cure the symptoms not the underlying cause.
Update:
using #rbelasko solution
I succeded to use the original org.hdiv.session.StateCache to change the maxSize to 20 and verified in the debug-log that the cachentries are dismissed after 20 entries.
When I changed it to use my own implementation it didn-t work
Bean definition
<bean id="cache" class="com.mycompany.session.StateCacheTest" singleton="false"
init-method="init">
<property name="maxSize">
<value>20</value>
</property>
</bean>
My own class
public class StateCacheTest extends StateCache
{
private static final Log log = LogFactory.getLog(StateCacheTest.class);
public StateCacheTest()
{
log.debug("StateCache()");
}
#Override
public void setMaxSize(final int maxSize)
{
super.setMaxSize(maxSize);
if (log.isDebugEnabled())
{
log.debug("setMaxSize to " + maxSize);
}
}
}
In the debug-log were no entries from StateCacheTest
Any ideas?
Update 2:
While i was not able to load a different IStateCache implementation via spring i was able to make this error less likely using
<hdiv:config ... maxPagesPerSession="200" ... />
the bean-settings definition
<property name="maxSize">
<value>20</value>
</property>
had no effect on the cachesize in my system.
You could create a custom IStateCache interface implementation.
Using the HDIV explicit configuration (not using HDIV's new custom schema) this is the default configuration for "cache" bean:
<bean id="cache" class="org.hdiv.session.StateCache" singleton="false"
init-method="init">
<property name="maxSize">
<value>200</value>
</property>
</bean>
You could create your own implementation and implement the strategy that fits your requirements.
Regards,
Roberto
It looks to me as though support for multi tenancy has been added to hibernate for nearly six months now and updated at least once since.
It looks fairly trivial to obtain a multi-tenant Session outside of JPA:
Session session = sessionFactory.withOptions().tenantIdentifier( "jboss" ).openSession();
But how would you enable it in an application that uses hibernate via JPA? (If possible).
Thanks in advance.
You can configure it via properties in persistence.xml as follows:
<property name="hibernate.multiTenancy" value="DATABASE"/>
<property name="hibernate.multi_tenant_connection_provider" value="com.example.MyConnectionProvider" />
<property name="hibernate.tenant_identifier_resolver" value="com.example.MyTenantIdResolver" />
If you use SCHEMA as multi-tenancy strategy hibernate.multi_tenant_connection_provider is not needed.
You can also set these properties in your code and pass them in a map to Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(). In this case you can pass an object instance, not just a class name.
More info in Hibernate documentation.
EntityManager.getDelegate() will return underlying SessionImpl.