How to best run a database background action? - java

I have a user workflow where at a specific time a webservice is called, and the results are presented to the user.
According to the search request and the queried results, I want to perform some database updates and statistic logging.
As the workflow pauses while the webservice is requested, I thought about creating some kind of background thread that performs these database actions, while the user can already continue the workflow without having to wait for database actions to complete.
Do you think this is a good practice? How could I create such onetime running background threads?

If you only want to run in the background, then an Executor service is a good solution.
If you need to ensure that queued requests survive events like a server restart, then you need a persistent queue like a JMS Queue. There are some nice, free open source JMS implementations that serve this purpose.

If service call teakes little time (say 1 or 2 seconds) then it is a waste of time to develop such feature.
If it takes significant amount of time you should do this in background.

Related

Android background jobs for synchronization with a web service

Could you pease tell me what is the correct way to do the synchronization jobs in Android (e.g. if I have about 5 jobs)?
Note! By synchronization job I mean a thread which runs in background and sends some data (e.g. analytics) via a Web Service...
For more details please read a more detailed description:
I've got a task to implement some background jobs which will synchronize some data with a restful web service. Some of the jobs should be scheduled periodically with a specific delay. If there is no internet connection then I simply cache the data and later when the connection reappears I try to run the jobs.
Taking into consideration that creating new threads is quite expensive and especially on mobile development, I'm using a cached thread pool (ExecutorService) and every time some actions are requested for processing I'm trying to reuse the threads. I don't use AsyncTask because I've replaced this with this Executor Service (Executors.newCachedTreadPool) and its convenient for me because I don't need to create many AsyncTasks as I reuse the threads from ES... In order to support the scheduled jobs, I use another thread pool(ScheduledExecutorService) and use Callable because I need to see the execution result. I've got a complex logic here... So, when a particular action is done in the app, the 1st thread pool (is like the AsyncTask) will work like an AsyncTask, the advantage is that I don't create new threads but I reus them. This will not block the UI's main thread. It will delegate to the scheduled executor which will do its job.
This solution works. And it sounds good for me as I'm coming from server side, but I'm interested to know how this must be done correctly on Android? Is this too sophisticated for a mobile app?
Merci,
Serge
Use a sync adapter. See http://developer.android.com/training/sync-adapters/index.html. A sync adapter runs in the background, it's managed by the system, and scheduled efficiently so that your sync doesn't waste battery power. Best of all, the system will automatically detect network connectivity and queue up your sync adapter if necessary. If you want, you can use multiple sync adapters.
Notice that although it seems that sync adapters need a content provider and an authenticator, they really don't.

multithreaded web application in java

I am doing a web application which has Java as a front end and shell script as a back end. The concept is I need to process multiple files in the back end. I will get the date range from the user (for example from July 1st-8th) and for each day process around 100 files. So in total I have 800 files to process.
I will get these details from JSP and delegate a background call to shell script and get back the results and display the same to the user.
Now I did all these in a sequential approach - by which I mean without threads. So there is only one main thread that executes and the user has to wait till 800 files are processed sequentially. However this is really slow. And because of this I am thinking of going for threads. Since I am a beginner of threads, I read a some stuffs regarding this and I have come up with the following idea:
As I read threads work have to be split .. I thought of splitting the
8 day work to 4 threads where each thread would perform 2 day work
I would like to know whether I am following a correct approach and my major concerns are:
Is it recommended to spawn multiple threads from a web application
Whether or not this is a good approach
Some guidance of how to proceed with this. An example instance would be great. Thank you.
Yes, you can run the long processing job in multi-threaded or in any high performance environment. You should also you Servlet 3.0 Asynchronous Request Processing to suspend the request thread and wait till the Long processing task is done.
Yes, there's nothing wrong with spawning multiple threads from a web application. In fact, if you're running a Servlet container (which you most likely are since you're using Java), it's already spawning multiple threads for you. In general a Servlet container will automatically spawn a new thread (or reuse one out of a pool) to handle each request it receives.
Your approach is fine, thought you'll want to fine-tune the number of threads to something that is suitable given the hardware configuration of your system and the amount of concurrent load on your web service. Also note that while spinning up a bunch of threads will reduce the total amount of time needed to process all the data, it will still leave a potentially large chunk of time before any data is ready to go back to the user. So you might get a better result by doing smaller work units sequentially, and posting each batch of results to the user-interface as soon as it is ready. Then it will still take a long while for the user to have all the data, but that can start viewing at least a portion of it almost immediately.
The way to improve user experience is not by parallelizing at Servlet level on 100000 threads but rather to provide incremental rendering of the view. First of all it would be useful to separate your application in multiple layers, according to the MVC pattern for example.
Saying that, you will have to look on how
Create a service that is able to return partial answers and a last answer, meaning that all available data has been returned. Each of this answers can be computed in parallel to improve performance.
Fill a web page incrementally, tipically by calling back this service which returns a JSON string you use to add data to the DOM. Every time you get an answer, if this is a partial answer, you call again the service providing the previous sequence number.
If you look to Liligo to understand, you will see how this is works. The technique I described is known as polling, but there are others technique to obtain similar asynchronous results at UI Level. In general, you don't want to work directly with the Servlet API, which is a very low level API,but rather use a reasonable framework or abstraction for that.
If you want a warm advice, you should have a look to the Play! framework http://www.playframework.org/documentation/2.0.2/JavaStream HTTP streaming.
Create threads in a web application is not a good solution. It is a bad design because normally it would be the container (web server) who is charged with that activity. So I think you have to find another solution.
I suggest you putting the shell scripts in cron, scheduled to run each minute, and to "activate" them you can touch files that act as semaphores. At each run the scripts verify if the web application touched the semaphore file, if so they read the date interval from those files and then start to process.

Asynchronous Tasks in Java Web app

Asynchronous jobs such as download scores from the website, or send emails after completion of some critical tasks.
Rightnow we when we download some scores, we have to wait on the current page to get the response page or to get file downloaded.
Is there a possibility that i can click on download scores and it happens in the background so that i can navigate to other parts
of the website, and in the mean-time check the status of the job. Or Schedule some job later in the future and get its execution results
via email.
Ours is a struts 2 webapplication with Hibernate 3.5 ORM. After browsing into some java scheduling libraries, got some info on Quartz.
But is Quartz the right library for the above requirements or any other library that i can try for?
Please guide me in the right direction.
You will need some sort of asynchronous processing support. You can use:
quartz-scheduler - this library is very comprehensive and allows you to schedule all sorts of jobs. If you want to use it only for the purpose of scheduling jobs in the background and run them immediately, might be an overkill
use thread pool, see Executors class
jms queue can listen on requests and process them asynchronously in mdbs
Finally you can take advantage of #Async/#Asynchronous support in spring or ejb
Then you mut somehow restore the results. Depening on whether you want to deliver them directly in the browser or via e-mail:
every time you are rendering a page, check whether there aren't any completed/in progress jobs. If there are some completed jobs, display an extra link on the page somewhere (sort of notification). If the job is in progress, start an ajax request and ask every other second or use long-polling/comet to receive the result immediately
if you want to send results by e-mail, just send it after the job finishes. Much simpler but less user-friendly IMHO.
Quartz is certainly one way to do that - and works well if you want to schedule a job to run at a particular time or with a particular frequency.
If you just want to kick something off in the background in response to a user action, and check its status, there are a few other ways to do it which may be better suited to this pattern:
the java.util.concurrent package: you can set up a ThreadPoolExecutor and submit tasks to it that implement Callable. You get back a Future<T> object that you can check for completion (isDone) and get its result when complete (get).
with EJB or Spring, there is also a concept of a (session) bean method being #Async or #Asynchronous, which return a Future<T> as well and behave as above. Basically this just abstracts away the thread-pool creation and management from your code, and moves it into the container or framework.

Backend process VS scheduled task

I have a number of backend processes (java applications) which run 24/7. To monitor these backends (i.e. to check if a process is not responding and notify via SMS/EMAIL) I have written another application.
The old backends now log heartbeat at regular time interval and this new applications checks if they are doing it regularly and notifies if necessary.
Now, We have two options
either run it as a scheduled task, which will run after every (let say) 15 min and stop after doing its job or
Run it as another backend process with 15 min sleep time.
The issue we can foresee right now is that what if this monitor application goes into non-responding state? So, my question is Is there any difference between both the cases or both are same? What option would suit my case more?
Please note this is a specific case and is not same as this or this
Environment: Java, hosted on LINUX server
By scheduled task, do you mean triggered by the system scheduler, or as a scheduled thread in the existing backend processes?
To capture unexpected termination or unresponsive states you would be best running a separate process rather than a thread. However, a scheduled thread would give you closer interaction with the owning process with less IPC overhead.
I would implement both. Maintain a record of the local state in each backend process, with a scheduled task in each process triggering a thread to update the current state of that node. This update could be fairly frequent, since it will be less expensive than communicating with a separate process.
Use your separate "monitoring app" process to routinely gather the information about all the backend processes. This should occur less frequently - whether the process is running all the time, or scheduled by a cron job is immaterial since the state is held in each backend process. If one of the backends become unresponsive, this monitoring app will be able to determine the lack of response and perform some meaningful probes to determine what the problem is. It will be this component that will then notify your SMS/Email utility to send a report.
I would go for a backend process as it can maintain state
have a look at the quartz scheduler from terracotta
http://terracotta.org/products/quartz-scheduler
It will be resilient to transient conditions and you only need provide a simple wrap so the monitor app should be robust providing you get the threading stuff right in the quartz.properties file.
You can use nagios core as core and Naptor to monitoring your application. Its easy to setup and embed with your application development.
You can check at this link:
https://github.com/agunghakase/Naptor/tree/ver1.0.0

Concurrent database access pattern for web applications

I'm trying to write a Spring web application on a Weblogic server that makes several independent database SELECTs(i.e. they can safely be called concurrently), one of which takes 15 minutes to execute.
Once all the results are fetched, an email containing the results will be sent to a user list.
What's a good way to get around this problem? Is there a Spring library that can help or do I go ahead and create daemon threads to do the job?
EDIT: This will have to be done at the application layer (business requirement) and the email will be sent out by the web application.
Are you sure you are doing everything optimally? 15 minutes is a really long time unless you have a gabillion rows across dozens of tables and need a heckofalot of joins....this is your highest priority -- why is it taking so long?
Do you do the email job at set intervals, or is it invoked from your web app? If set intervals, you should do it in an outside job, possibly on another machine. You can use daemons or the quartz scheduler.
If you need to fire this process off from the web app, you need to do it asynchronously. You could use JMS, or you could just have a table into which you enter a new job request, with daemon process that looks for new jobs every X time period. Firing off background threads is possible, but its error prone and not worth the complication, especially since you have other valid options that are simpler.
If you are asking about Spring support for long-running, possibly asynchronous tasks, you have a choice between Spring JMS support and Spring Batch.
You can use spring quartz to schedule the job. That way the jobs will run in the same container but will not require an http request to trigger them.

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