I got two threads: A and B.
There is an endless loop in thread A:
while ( true ) {
// Do something
}
Thread B is monitoring some state of interest to me. When the state changes, I want thread A to stop any further execution.
The following solution is not sufficient (setting keepRunning to true with method in A which is called from B):
while ( keepRunning) {
// Do something
}
I can't wait for the body of the loop to be executed before thread A is halted - I want the execution of the methods called in the loop to be interrupted.
Is there a way to achieve the above functionality?
You can do a few point fixes, like checking keepRunning at key points in A's loop. You could also interrupt thread A, which only helps you if it calls any methods that throw InterruptedException.
But you can't just have thread A stop dead in its tracks, and for good reason: this would be prone to deadlock. There used to be a methods Thread.stop and Thread.suspend that did just that, and they've been deprecated because of those dangers. Starting in Java 8, that method throws UnsupportedOperationException.
Basically, a thread has to stop itself. It can do so at the request of other threads (communicated by a field like keepRunning or by an interrupt), but it has to do it. One thread can't directly stop another.
You can interrupt the Thread at any point, however this only triggers an InterruptedException in the method should check this.
You can attempt to stop a thread however, this is an unsafe operation as it can occur at any point and unless you are very careful, this can leave memory in an inconsistent state. If you are going to be that careful, you may as well add some checks and stop the code early.
This is a really bad idea, because what happens when there are critical resources open, like e.g. a file? It won't be closed:
while (keepRunning) {
openFile();
// gets stopped here
closeFile();
}
This can of course happen with other things as well, OS processes, network sockets, anything. You see why this is a bad idea?
You should instead redesign the code in the loop to check for the condition more often and break and cleanup if the condition doesn't hold true anymore.
while (keepRunning) {
openFile();
doLongOperation();
if (!keepRunning) {
closeFile();
break; // or return
}
doAnotherLongOperation();
closeFile();
}
This way, you don't lose the safety, while being able to stop it faster.
You might not actually use precious resources, but in any case you should tell us more details so we can give a more precise answer.
Related
I want a piece of code to run as long as the thread isn't interrupted. Currently what I'm doing is this:
while(!Thread.interrupted()){
// .. some code
try {
Thread.sleep(4000);
} catch(InterruptedException ex){
break;
}
// .. some more code
}
My question is: is this good practice? Is it appropriate use of interrupt?
Yes, I think this is the very purpose of interrupt(), so it seems like a legitimate usage.
Conceptually this is on the right track. There are some details that could be improved, though.
What's right about this is that the thread interruption mechanism is being used to tell the thread to do something else, and the thread can respond how it pleases at a time of its choosing. In this case, catching InterruptedException from Thread.sleep() and breaking out of the loop is an entirely reasonable thing to do. It's certainly much preferable to what is usually done, which is to ignore the exception entirely. (This is usually wrong.)
What might be an issue is that the loop condition also checks whether the thread has been interrupted. This might be a problem, depending on what some code and some more code are doing. Your system might be left in different states depending on which chunks of code have been executed when the interrupt is detected.
Unless one iteration of your loop runs for a really long time (aside from the sleep), it's usually only necessary for there to be a single interruption point in a loop. In this case, if the thread is interrupted while it's doing some code processing, an InterruptedException will be generated immediately upon the call to Thread.sleep(). So you could just change the loop condition to while (true) and have the catch-block break out of the loop. (If you do this, you should also reassert the interrupt bit; see below.)
Alternatively, if you only want to check for interrupts at the top of the loop, you could do this:
while (!Thread.interrupted()) {
// .. some code
try {
Thread.sleep(4000L);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
// .. some more code
}
This arranges there to be only a single exit point from the loop, which might makes the code easier to reason about.
Note the technique used here is to reassert the interrupt bit on the thread after having caught InterruptedException. The general rule about handling interrupts is that either the interrupt bit should be reasserted, or an InterruptedException should be propagated. If neither is done, then the calling code might end up blocked in a subsequent wait() call, with no knowledge that it had ever been interrupted. That's usually an error.
Good practice is to use the newer higher level APIs such as an ExecutorService instead. You shouldn't use the lower level APIs such as threads or synchronize or wait/notify.
I am runnning ExecutorService to perform a heavy computation, however I don't want to pollute the algorithmic class/method code with runner operations, in this case I'd like to do periodical check if it should be terminated gracefully.
I tried to search for solutions, still with no success, what I concluded is that this is not possible because only the thread itself is allowed to "autokill himself".
So my question is, if there is any way to terminate the thread "outside" of the thread by invoking some forcefull atempt to kill the thread.
If not maybe the best solution is to use aspect and intercept each iteration by adding a kill status check ?
You can call thread.interrupt(). This can cause thread to exit if it "respects" interruptions. For example if thread is blocked on IO or on wait() or on sleep() InterruptedExcption will be thrown. However if it is "blocked" on busy loop that does not check isInterrupted() flag interruption will not work.
Other way to indeed kill the thread is to call deprecated method stop(). However this is the last possibility. This method is deprecated because it indeed kills threads immediately (like kill -9) that can cause resource leaks.
Bottom line: to be able to stop threads grecefully you have to write code that is ready for this and the standard solution is to respect thread interrupts.
There sure is a way to forcefully terminate a thread: Thread#stop, but it is almost never advisable. Your idea with aspects seems quite fruitful, but if you have any sort of a main loop in your task, then consider replacing the loop with a series of submitted tasks where each task is one iteration. This will allow ExecutorService#shutdown to interrupt the processing. All state can be carried along in the instance of Runnable that is being submitted.
I haven't used the ExecutorService much. But reading the JavaDocs it appears that you submit a callable or runnable to the service. Those methods return a Future object which have a cancel method on it.
cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning)
Have you tried using that?
The method thread.interrupt() stop the thread and you can call it outside the thread itself!
If you do not want to change the original implementation, you could wrap the thread. I'm not very familar with Java, so I'm sorry for the obviously not compiling example:
class ThreadWrapper extends Thread {
public ThreadWrapper(Thread t, TerminateCallback c) {
// ...
}
#Override
public void run() {
t.start(Thread.SYNCHRONOUS);
c.done(this);
}
}
You'd need to implement TerminateCallback yourself. I also assume there is a way to start a thread synchronously, Thread.SYNCHRONOUS is just a place holder. If this condition is fulfilled, I'm sure you can transfer it into valid code. :)
I've come across the code below, and I'm wondering if it does exactly what I think it does:
synchronized(sObject) {
mShouldExit = true;
sObject.notifyAll()
while (!mExited) {
try {
sObject.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException ex) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
About the context: there is another thread that checks for mShouldExit (inside the sObject monitor) and will exit in that case.
This does not look to be a correct pattern to me. If an interrupt happens, it will set the interrupted status again, so when it returns to sObject.wait(), another InterruptedException will come etc. etc. etc. Therefore, it can never go to truly waiting state (sObject.wait()) i.e. it will never release the sObject monitor. This may result in an infinite loop, as the other thread cannot set mExiting to true, because it can never enter sObject's monitor. (So I think that the interrupt() call is an error, it must not be used here.) Am I missing something?
Note that the code snippet is a part of the official Android framework source code.
UPDATE: actually, the situation is worse, because the same pattern is used in Android when your GL rendering starts. The official source code of GLSurfaceView.GLThread.surfaceCreated():
public void surfaceCreated() {
synchronized(sGLThreadManager) {
if (LOG_THREADS) {
Log.i("GLThread", "surfaceCreated tid=" + getId());
}
mHasSurface = true;
sGLThreadManager.notifyAll();
while((mWaitingForSurface) && (!mExited)) {
try {
sGLThreadManager.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}
}
You can reproduce the bug in a similar way: make sure your UI thread has its interrupted status flag yet, then add your GLSurfaceView and start the GL rendering (via setRenderer(...), but on some devices, make sure your GLSurfaceView has Visibility.VISIBLE status, otherwise rendering will not start).
If you follow the above steps, your UI thread will end up in an infinite loop, because the above-quoted code will keep generating an InterruptedException (due to wait()) and therefore the GL thread will never be able to set mWaitingForSurface to false.
According to my tests, it seems that such an infinite loop will also result in an endless sequence of GC_CONCURRENT garbage collection (or, at least, such messages in logcat). Interesting, someone had an unknown poorly-defined issue on stackoverflow earlier which might be related:
How to solve GC_concurrent freed?
Isn't it possible that perhaps his UI thread had its interrupted flag set to true, and he was using a GLSurfaceView for the map he mentions? Just an assumption, a possible scenario.
Short version: That code is wrong, and will cause an infinite loop (I still have a doubt, but may depend on JVM implementations). Setting the interrupt status is the right thing to do, but it should then exit the loop, eventually checking that same interruption status using Thread.isInterrupted().
Long version for the casual reader:
The problem is how to stop a thread that is currently executing some work, in response to a "Cancel" button from the user or because of some other application logic.
Initially, Java supported a "stop" method, that preemptively stopped a thread. This method has been demonstrated to be unsafe, cause didn't give the stopped thread any (easy) way to clean up, release resources, avoid exposing partially modified objects and so on.
So, Java evolved to a "cooperative" Thread "interruption" system. This system is quite simple : a Thread is running, someone else calls "interrupt" on it, a flag is set on the Thread, it's Thread responsibility to check if it has been interrupted or not and act accordingly.
So, correct Thread.run (or Runnable.run, of Callable etc..) method implementation should be something like :
public void run() {
while (!Thread.getCurrentThread().isInterrupted()) {
// Do your work here
// Eventually check isInterrupted again before long running computations
}
// clean up and return
}
This is fine as long as all the code your Thread is executing is inside your run method, and you never call something that blocks for a long time ... which is often not the case, cause if you spawn a Thread is because you have something long to do.
The simplest method that block is Thread.sleep(millis), it's actually the only thing it does : it blocks the thread for the given amount of time.
Now, if the interrupt arrives while your thread is inside Thread.sleep(600000000), without any other suport, it would take a lot for it to arrive to the point where it checks isInterrupted.
There are even situations where your thread would never exit. For example, your thread is computing something and sending results to a BlockingQueue with a limited size, you call queue.put(myresult), it will block until the consumer free some space in the queue, if in the mean time the consumer has been interrupted (or died or whatever), that space will never arrive, the method will not return, the check on .isInterrupted will never be performed, your thread is stuck.
To avoid this situation, all (most) methods that interrupt the thread (should) throw InterruptedException. That exception simply tells you "I was waiting for this and that, but in the meanwhile the thread as been interrupted, you should do cleanup and exit as soon as possible".
As with all exceptions, unless you know what to do, you should re-throw it and hope that someone above you in the call stack knows.
InterruptedExceptions are even worse, since when they are thrown the "interrupted status" is cleared. This means that simply catching and ignoring them will result in a thread that usually does not stop :
public void run() {
while (!Thread.getCurrentThread().isInterrupted()) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// Nothing here
}
}
}
In this example, if the interrupt arrives during the sleep() method (which is 99.9999999999% of the time), it will throw InterruptedException, clear the interrupt flag, then the loop will continue since the interrupt flag is false, and the thread will not stop.
That's why if you implement your "while" correctly, using .isInterrupted, and you really need to catch InterruptedException, and you don't have anything special (like cleanup, return etc..) to do with it, least that you can do is set the interrupt flag again.
The problem in the code you posted is that the "while" relies solely on mExited to decide when to stop, and not ALSO on isInterrupted.
while (!mExited && !Thread.getCurrentThread().isInterrupted()) {
Or it could exit when interrupted :
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
return; // supposing there is no cleanup or other stuff to be done
}
Setting the isInterrupted flag back to true is also important if you don't control the Thread. For example, if you are in a runnable which is being executed in a thread pool of some kind, or inside any method anywhere you don't own and control the thread (a simple case : a servlet), you don't know if the interruption is for "you" (in the servlet case, the client closed the connection and the container is trying to stop you to free the thread for other requests) or if it's targeted at the thread (or system) as a whole (the container is shutting down, stopping everything).
In that situation (which is 99% of the code), if you cannot rethrow the InterruptedException (which is, unfortunately, checked), the only way to propagate up the stack to the thread pool that the thread has been interrupted, is setting the flag back to true before returning.
That way, it will propagate up the stack, eventually generating more InterruptedException's, up to the thread owner (be it the jvm itself, of an Executor, or any other thread pool) that can react properly (reuse the thread, let it die, System.exit(1) ...)
Most of this is covered in chapter 7 of Java Concurrency in Practice, a very good book that I recommend to anyone interested in computer programming in general, not just Java, cause the problems and the solutions are similar in many other environments, and explanations are very well written.
Why Sun decided to make InterruptedException checked, when most documentation suggests to rethrow it mercilessly, and why they decided to clear the interrupted flag when throwing that exception, when the proper thing to do is setting it to true again most of the time, remains open for debate.
However, if .wait releases the lock BEFORE checking for the interrupt flag, it open a small door from another thread to modify the mExited boolean. Unfortunately the wait() method is native, so source of that specific JVM should be inspected. This does not change the fact that the code you posted is coded poorly.
I am trying to stop a thread. while stopping my thread i got thread interrupted exception.
What I can do if thread throw interrupted exception. should i catch it and do nothing or do i need to do anything?
You should not 'just stop' a thread. The thing I mostly do is create a public (perhaps static) variable in the Thread's class that indicates when the thread should stop. So something like a declaration of
public volatile bool shouldStop = false;
Then, at the end of every cycle of your thread, you could check if you need to quit (break from the while-loop or something).
Threads can be very annoying to handle! Calling interrupt/stop functions on just a thread itself is possible, but mostly unwanted.
There is a reason .stop() and .suspend() were deprecated and should not be used. This article is relevant:
http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/guide/misc/threadPrimitiveDeprecation.html
Also I quote the Javadocs:
Deprecated. This method is inherently
unsafe. Stopping a thread with
Thread.stop causes it to unlock all of
the monitors that it has locked (as a
natural consequence of the unchecked
ThreadDeath exception propagating up
the stack). If any of the objects
previously protected by these monitors
were in an inconsistent state, the
damaged objects become visible to
other threads, potentially resulting
in arbitrary behavior. Many uses of
stop should be replaced by code that
simply modifies some variable to
indicate that the target thread should
stop running. The target thread should
check this variable regularly, and
return from its run method in an
orderly fashion if the variable
indicates that it is to stop running.
If the target thread waits for long
periods (on a condition variable, for
example), the interrupt method should
be used to interrupt the wait. For
more information, see Why are
Thread.stop, Thread.suspend and
Thread.resume Deprecated?.
You should find some way (whether by some shared variable or otherwise) to synchronise your threads so the thread can end itself.
It depends on your needs. You can (for example) do something like this:
public void run() {
try {
// do thread stuff
} catch(ThreadInterruptedException ex) {
// close gracefully what needed to be closed
}
}
But the stop method is deprecated. So a better solution is to put some boolean variable to indicate whether the thread should stop or not and provide a method to change it in order to stop the thread (see this question for example).
Here is my problem: I've got a dialog with some parameters that the user can change (via a spinner for example). Each time one of these parameters is changed, I launch a thread to update a 3D view according to the new parameter value.
If the user changes another value (or the same value again by clicking many times on the spinner arrow) while the first thread is working, I would like to abort the first thread (and the update of the 3D view) and launch a new one with the latest parameter value.
How can I do something like that?
PS: There is no loop in the run() method of my thread, so checking for a flag is not an option: the thread updating the 3D view basically only calls a single method that is very long to execute. I can't add any flag in this method asking to abort either as I do not have access to its code.
Try interrupt() as some have said to see if it makes any difference to your thread. If not, try destroying or closing a resource that will make the thread stop. That has a chance of being a little better than trying to throw Thread.stop() at it.
If performance is tolerable, you might view each 3D update as a discrete non-interruptible event and just let it run through to conclusion, checking afterward if there's a new latest update to perform. This might make the GUI a little choppy to users, as they would be able to make five changes, then see the graphical results from how things were five changes ago, then see the result of their latest change. But depending on how long this process is, it might be tolerable, and it would avoid having to kill the thread. Design might look like this:
boolean stopFlag = false;
Object[] latestArgs = null;
public void run() {
while (!stopFlag) {
if (latestArgs != null) {
Object[] args = latestArgs;
latestArgs = null;
perform3dUpdate(args);
} else {
Thread.sleep(500);
}
}
}
public void endThread() {
stopFlag = true;
}
public void updateSettings(Object[] args) {
latestArgs = args;
}
The thread that is updating the 3D view should periodically check some flag (use a volatile boolean) to see if it should terminate. When you want to abort the thread, just set the flag. When the thread next checks the flag, it should simply break out of whatever loop it is using to update the view and return from its run method.
If you truly cannot access the code the Thread is running to have it check a flag, then there is no safe way to stop the Thread. Does this Thread ever terminate normally before your application completes? If so, what causes it to stop?
If it runs for some long period of time, and you simply must end it, you can consider using the deprecated Thread.stop() method. However, it was deprecated for a good reason. If that Thread is stopped while in the middle of some operation that leaves something in an inconsistent state or some resource not cleaned up properly, then you could be in trouble. Here's a note from the documentation:
This method is inherently unsafe.
Stopping a thread with Thread.stop
causes it to unlock all of the
monitors that it has locked (as a
natural consequence of the unchecked
ThreadDeath exception propagating up
the stack). If any of the objects
previously protected by these monitors
were in an inconsistent state, the
damaged objects become visible to
other threads, potentially resulting
in arbitrary behavior. Many uses of
stop should be replaced by code that
simply modifies some variable to
indicate that the target thread should
stop running. The target thread should
check this variable regularly, and
return from its run method in an
orderly fashion if the variable
indicates that it is to stop running.
If the target thread waits for long
periods (on a condition variable, for
example), the interrupt method should
be used to interrupt the wait. For
more information, see Why are
Thread.stop, Thread.suspend and
Thread.resume Deprecated?
Instead of rolling your own boolean flag, why not just use the thread interrupt mechanism already in Java threads? Depending on how the internals were implemented in the code you can't change, you may be able to abort part of its execution too.
Outer Thread:
if(oldThread.isRunning())
{
oldThread.interrupt();
// Be careful if you're doing this in response to a user
// action on the Event Thread
// Blocking the Event Dispatch Thread in Java is BAD BAD BAD
oldThread.join();
}
oldThread = new Thread(someRunnable);
oldThread.start();
Inner Runnable/Thread:
public void run()
{
// If this is all you're doing, interrupts and boolean flags may not work
callExternalMethod(args);
}
public void run()
{
while(!Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted)
{
// If you have multiple steps in here, check interrupted peridically and
// abort the while loop cleanly
}
}
Isn't this a little like asking "How can I abort a thread when no method other than Thread.stop() is available?"
Obviously, the only valid answer is Thread.stop(). Its ugly, could break things in some circumstances, can lead to memory/resource leaks, and is frowned upon by TLEJD (The League of Extraordinary Java Developers), however it can still be useful in a few cases like this. There really isn't any other method if the third party code doesn't have some close method available to it.
OTOH, sometimes there are backdoor close methods. Ie, closing an underlying stream that its working with, or some other resource that it needs to do its job. This is seldom better than just calling Thread.stop() and letting it experience a ThreadDeathException, however.
The accepted answer to this question allows you to submit batch work into a background thread. This might be a better pattern for that:
public abstract class dispatcher<T> extends Thread {
protected abstract void processItem(T work);
private List<T> workItems = new ArrayList<T>();
private boolean stopping = false;
public void submit(T work) {
synchronized(workItems) {
workItems.add(work);
workItems.notify();
}
}
public void exit() {
stopping = true;
synchronized(workItems) {
workItems.notifyAll();
}
this.join();
}
public void run() {
while(!stopping) {
T work;
synchronized(workItems) {
if (workItems.empty()) {
workItems.wait();
continue;
}
work = workItems.remove(0);
}
this.processItem(work);
}
}
}
To use this class, extend it, providing a type for T and an implementation of processItem(). Then just construct one and call start() on it.
You might consider adding an abortPending method:
public void abortPending() {
synchronized(workItems) {
workItems.clear();
}
}
for those cases where the user has skipped ahead of the rendering engine and you want to throw away the work that has been scheduled so far.
A thread will exit once it's run() method is complete, so you need some check which will make it finish the method.
You can interrupt the thread, and then have some check which would periodically check isInterrupted() and return out of the run() method.
You could also use a boolean which gets periodically checked within the thread, and makes it return if so, or put the thread inside a loop if it's doing some repetative task and it will then exit the run() method when you set the boolean. For example,
static boolean shouldExit = false;
Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
while (!shouldExit) {
// do stuff
}
}
}).start();
Unfortunately killing a thread is inherently unsafe due to the possibilities of using resources that can be synchronized by locks and if the thread you kill currently has a lock could result in the program going into deadlock (constant attempt to grab a resource that cannot be obtained). You will have to manually check if it needs to be killed from the thread that you want to stop. Volatile will ensure checking the variable's true value rather than something that may have been stored previously. On a side note Thread.join on the exiting thread to ensure you wait until the dying thread is actually gone before you do anything rather than checking all the time.
You appear to not have any control over the thread that is rendering the screen but you do appear to have control of the spinner component. I would disable the spinner while the thread is rendering the screen. This way the user at least has some feedback relating to their actions.
I suggest that you just prevent multiple Threads by using wait and notify so that if the user changes the value many times it will only run the Thread once. If the users changes the value 10 times it will fire off the Thread at the first change and then any changes made before the Thread is done all get "rolled up" into one notification. That won't stop a Thread but there are no good ways to do that based on your description.
The solutions that purpose the usage of a boolean field are the right direction. But the field must be volatile.
The Java Language Spec says:
"For example, in the following (broken) code fragment, assume that this.done is a non-
volatile boolean field:
while (!this.done)
Thread.sleep(1000);
The compiler is free to read the field this.done just once, and reuse the cached value in each execution of the loop. This would mean that the loop would never terminate, even if another thread changed the value of this.done."
As far as I remember "Java Concurrency in Pratice" purposes to use the interrupt() and interrupted() methods of java.lang.Thread.
The way I have implemented something like this in the past is to implement a shutdown() method in my Runnable subclass which sets an instance variable called should_shutdown to true. The run() method normally does something in a loop, and will periodically check should_shutdown and when it is true, returns, or calls do_shutdown() and then returns.
You should keep a reference to the current worker thread handy, and when the user changes a value, call shutdown() on the current thread, and wait for it to shutdown. Then you can launch a new thread.
I would not recommend using Thread.stop as it was deprecated last time I checked.
Edit:
Read your comment about how your worker thread just calls another method which takes a while to run, so the above does not apply. In this case, your only real options are to try calling interrupt() and see if has any effect. If not, consider somehow manually causing the function your worker thread is calling to break. For example, it sounds like it is doing some complex rendering, so maybe destroy the canvas and cause it to throw an exception. This is not a nice solution, but as far as I can tell, this is the only way to stop a thread in suituations like this.
Since you're dealing with code you don't have access to you're probably out of luck. The standard procedure (as outlined in the other answers) is to have a flag that is checked periodically by the running thread. If the flag is set, do cleanup and exit.
Since that option is not available to you, the only other option is to force quit the running process. This used to be possible by calling Thread.stop(), but that method has been permanently deprecated for the following reason (copied from the javadocs):
This method is inherently unsafe. Stopping a thread with Thread.stop causes it to unlock all of the monitors that it has locked (as a natural consequence of the unchecked ThreadDeath exception propagating up the stack). If any of the objects previously protected by these monitors were in an inconsistent state, the damaged objects become visible to other threads, potentially resulting in arbitrary behavior.
More info on this topic can be found here.
One absolute sure way you could accomplish your request (although this is not a very efficient way to do this) is to start a new java process via Runtime.exec() and then stopping that process as necessary via Process.destroy(). Sharing state between processes like this is not exactly trivial, however.
Instead of playing with thread starting and stopping, have you considered having the thread observe the properties that you're changing through your interface? You will at some point still want a stop condition for your thread, but this can be done this was as well. If you're a fan of MVC, this fits nicely into that sort of design
Sorry, after re-reading your question, neither this nor any of the other 'check variable' suggestions will solve your problem.
The correct answer is to not use a thread.
You should be using Executors, see the package: java.util.concurrent
Maybe this can help you: How can we kill a running thread in Java?
You can kill a particular thread by setting an external class variable.
Class Outer
{
public static flag=true;
Outer()
{
new Test().start();
}
class Test extends Thread
{
public void run()
{
while(Outer.flag)
{
//do your work here
}
}
}
}
if you want to stop the above thread, set flag variable to false. The other way to kill a thread is just registering it in ThreadGroup, then call destroy(). This way can also be used to kill similar threads by creating them as group or register with group.