How do i restrict a Java random number generation - java

Here is the deal: I have a java code that generates a random number between two numbers and it works just fine. But i'm trying to achieve something. I want it in such a way that after the first number has been generated, when it recalls it, it doesn't generate that same number. For instance, if number 4 is generated, i want it now to be included among the possible generated numbers for the second time. To make things a little bit clear, here's my code.
int Maximum=10;
int Minimum=1;
int r;
r = (int)(Math.random() * Maximum) + Minimum;
is there anything i can do to make the code above not to generate a particular number between 1 and 10? Thanks.

You could fill a collection and simply removed a randomly selected number:
List<Integer> nums = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = /* start */; i < /* end */; i++) {
nums.add(i);
}
//Elsewhere
Random rand = new Random();
int get = nums.remove(rand.nextInt(/* end */);
/* end */--;
This may be a bit slower initially for large amounts of numbers but the end result is a lower time-complexity on your checks for new numbers (whereas a while loop could in theory be O(∞n) if I'm not mistaken)
Alternatively, use Collections#shuffle

This doesn't seem like random number generation, it seems like randomly shuffling a Collection.
In Java 8:
public static void main(String[] args) {
final int min = 0;
final int max = 10;
final List<Integer> nums = IntStream.rangeClosed(min, max).
boxed().
collect(toList());
Collections.shuffle(nums);
nums.forEach(System.out::println);
}
Output:
3
10
5
0
8
7
9
2
1
4
6
Each number [0, 10] appears only once in a random order.

if you just want to exclude a single number replace this:
r = (int)(Math.random() * Maximum) + Minimum;
with this:
while( ( r = (int)(Math.random() * Maximum) + Minimum) == excludedNumber );

ArrayList<Integer> intList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
int Maximum=10;
int Minimum=1;
int r;
int[] intArray = new int[6];
for(int i=0; i<intArray.length; i++){
r = (int)( Minimum+ (Math.random()* (Maximum-Minimum+1)) );
if(!intList.contains(r)){
intList.add(r);
intArray[i]=r;
System.out.println(r);
}
else{
System.out.println(r+ "is a duplicate generated earlier, not putting in array again");
i--;
}
}

Related

A randomized array with no repeating values [duplicate]

I'm trying to get random numbers between 0 and 100. But I want them to be unique, not repeated in a sequence. For example if I got 5 numbers, they should be 82,12,53,64,32 and not 82,12,53,12,32
I used this, but it generates same numbers in a sequence.
Random rand = new Random();
selected = rand.nextInt(100);
Add each number in the range sequentially in a list structure.
Shuffle it.
Take the first 'n'.
Here is a simple implementation. This will print 3 unique random numbers from the range 1-10.
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
public class UniqueRandomNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i=1; i<11; i++) list.add(i);
Collections.shuffle(list);
for (int i=0; i<3; i++) System.out.println(list.get(i));
}
}
The first part of the fix with the original approach, as Mark Byers pointed out in an answer now deleted, is to use only a single Random instance.
That is what is causing the numbers to be identical. A Random instance is seeded by the current time in milliseconds. For a particular seed value, the 'random' instance will return the exact same sequence of pseudo random numbers.
With Java 8+ you can use the ints method of Random to get an IntStream of random values then distinct and limit to reduce the stream to a number of unique random values.
ThreadLocalRandom.current().ints(0, 100).distinct().limit(5).forEach(System.out::println);
Random also has methods which create LongStreams and DoubleStreams if you need those instead.
If you want all (or a large amount) of the numbers in a range in a random order it might be more efficient to add all of the numbers to a list, shuffle it, and take the first n because the above example is currently implemented by generating random numbers in the range requested and passing them through a set (similarly to Rob Kielty's answer), which may require generating many more than the amount passed to limit because the probability of a generating a new unique number decreases with each one found. Here's an example of the other way:
List<Integer> range = IntStream.range(0, 100).boxed()
.collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new));
Collections.shuffle(range);
range.subList(0, 99).forEach(System.out::println);
Create an array of 100 numbers, then randomize their order.
Devise a pseudo-random number generator that has a range of 100.
Create a boolean array of 100 elements, then set an element true when you pick that number. When you pick the next number check against the array and try again if the array element is set. (You can make an easy-to-clear boolean array with an array of long where you shift and mask to access individual bits.)
Use Collections.shuffle() on all 100 numbers and select the first five, as shown here and below.
Console:
59 9 68 24 82
Code:
private static final Random rnd = new Random();
private static final int N = 100;
private static final int K = 5;
private static final List<Integer> S = new ArrayList<>(N);
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
S.add(i + 1);
}
Collections.shuffle(S, rnd);
for (int i = 0; i < K; i++) {
System.out.print(S.get(i) + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
I feel like this method is worth mentioning.
private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
/**
* Pick n numbers between 0 (inclusive) and k (inclusive)
* While there are very deterministic ways to do this,
* for large k and small n, this could be easier than creating
* an large array and sorting, i.e. k = 10,000
*/
public Set<Integer> pickRandom(int n, int k) {
final Set<Integer> picked = new HashSet<>();
while (picked.size() < n) {
picked.add(RANDOM.nextInt(k + 1));
}
return picked;
}
I re-factored Anand's answer to make use not only of the unique properties of a Set but also use the boolean false returned by the set.add() when an add to the set fails.
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
public class randomUniqueNumberGenerator {
public static final int SET_SIZE_REQUIRED = 10;
public static final int NUMBER_RANGE = 100;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random random = new Random();
Set set = new HashSet<Integer>(SET_SIZE_REQUIRED);
while(set.size()< SET_SIZE_REQUIRED) {
while (set.add(random.nextInt(NUMBER_RANGE)) != true)
;
}
assert set.size() == SET_SIZE_REQUIRED;
System.out.println(set);
}
}
I have made this like that.
Random random = new Random();
ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
while (arrayList.size() < 6) { // how many numbers u need - it will 6
int a = random.nextInt(49)+1; // this will give numbers between 1 and 50.
if (!arrayList.contains(a)) {
arrayList.add(a);
}
}
This will work to generate unique random numbers................
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random rand = new Random();
int e;
int i;
int g = 10;
HashSet<Integer> randomNumbers = new HashSet<Integer>();
for (i = 0; i < g; i++) {
e = rand.nextInt(20);
randomNumbers.add(e);
if (randomNumbers.size() <= 10) {
if (randomNumbers.size() == 10) {
g = 10;
}
g++;
randomNumbers.add(e);
}
}
System.out.println("Ten Unique random numbers from 1 to 20 are : " + randomNumbers);
}
}
One clever way to do this is to use exponents of a primitive element in modulus.
For example, 2 is a primitive root mod 101, meaning that the powers of 2 mod 101 give you a non-repeating sequence that sees every number from 1 to 100 inclusive:
2^0 mod 101 = 1
2^1 mod 101 = 2
2^2 mod 101 = 4
...
2^50 mod 101 = 100
2^51 mod 101 = 99
2^52 mod 101 = 97
...
2^100 mod 101 = 1
In Java code, you would write:
void randInts() {
int num=1;
for (int ii=0; ii<101; ii++) {
System.out.println(num);
num= (num*2) % 101;
}
}
Finding a primitive root for a specific modulus can be tricky, but Maple's "primroot" function will do this for you.
I have come here from another question, which has been duplicate of this question (Generating unique random number in java)
Store 1 to 100 numbers in an Array.
Generate random number between 1 to 100 as position and return array[position-1] to get the value
Once you use a number in array, mark the value as -1 ( No need to maintain another array to check if this number is already used)
If value in array is -1, get the random number again to fetch new location in array.
I have easy solution for this problem,
With this we can easily generate n number of unique random numbers,
Its just logic anyone can use it in any language.
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
rn[i]= GenerateRandomNumber();
for (int j=0;j<i;j++)
{
if (rn[i] == rn[j])
{
i--;
}
}
}
Choose n unique random numbers from 0 to m-1.
int[] uniqueRand(int n, int m){
Random rand = new Random();
int[] r = new int[n];
int[] result = new int[n];
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
r[i] = rand.nextInt(m-i);
result[i] = r[i];
for(int j = i-1; j >= 0; j--){
if(result[i] >= r[j])
result[i]++;
}
}
return result;
}
Imagine a list containing numbers from 0 to m-1. To choose the first number, we simply use rand.nextInt(m). Then remove the number from the list. Now there remains m-1 numbers, so we call rand.nextInt(m-1). The number we get represents the position in the list. If it is less than the first number, then it is the second number, since the part of list prior to the first number wasn't changed by the removal of the first number. If the position is greater than or equal to the first number, the second number is position+1. Do some further derivation, you can get this algorithm.
Explanation
This algorithm has O(n^2) complexity. So it is good for generating small amount of unique numbers from a large set. While the shuffle based algorithm need at least O(m) to do the shuffle.
Also shuffle based algorithm need memory to store every possible outcome to do the shuffle, this algorithm doesn’t need.
Though it's an old thread, but adding another option might not harm. (JDK 1.8 lambda functions seem to make it easy);
The problem could be broken down into the following steps;
Get a minimum value for the provided list of integers (for which to generate unique random numbers)
Get a maximum value for the provided list of integers
Use ThreadLocalRandom class (from JDK 1.8) to generate random integer values against the previously found min and max integer values and then filter to ensure that the values are indeed contained by the originally provided list. Finally apply distinct to the intstream to ensure that generated numbers are unique.
Here is the function with some description:
/**
* Provided an unsequenced / sequenced list of integers, the function returns unique random IDs as defined by the parameter
* #param numberToGenerate
* #param idList
* #return List of unique random integer values from the provided list
*/
private List<Integer> getUniqueRandomInts(List<Integer> idList, Integer numberToGenerate) {
List<Integer> generatedUniqueIds = new ArrayList<>();
Integer minId = idList.stream().mapToInt (v->v).min().orElseThrow(NoSuchElementException::new);
Integer maxId = idList.stream().mapToInt (v->v).max().orElseThrow(NoSuchElementException::new);
ThreadLocalRandom.current().ints(minId,maxId)
.filter(e->idList.contains(e))
.distinct()
.limit(numberToGenerate)
.forEach(generatedUniqueIds:: add);
return generatedUniqueIds;
}
So that, to get 11 unique random numbers for 'allIntegers' list object, we'll call the function like;
List<Integer> ids = getUniqueRandomInts(allIntegers,11);
The function declares new arrayList 'generatedUniqueIds' and populates with each unique random integer up to the required number before returning.
P.S. ThreadLocalRandom class avoids common seed value in case of concurrent threads.
try this out
public class RandomValueGenerator {
/**
*
*/
private volatile List<Double> previousGenValues = new ArrayList<Double>();
public void init() {
previousGenValues.add(Double.valueOf(0));
}
public String getNextValue() {
Random random = new Random();
double nextValue=0;
while(previousGenValues.contains(Double.valueOf(nextValue))) {
nextValue = random.nextDouble();
}
previousGenValues.add(Double.valueOf(nextValue));
return String.valueOf(nextValue);
}
}
This isn't significantly different from other answers, but I wanted the array of integers in the end:
Integer[] indices = new Integer[n];
Arrays.setAll(indices, i -> i);
Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(indices));
return Arrays.stream(indices).mapToInt(Integer::intValue).toArray();
you can use boolean array to fill the true if value taken else set navigate through boolean array to get value as per given below
package study;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/*
Created By Sachin Rane on Jul 18, 2018
*/
public class UniqueRandomNumber {
static Boolean[] boolArray;
public static void main(String s[]){
List<Integer> integers = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
integers.add(i);
}
//get unique random numbers
boolArray = new Boolean[integers.size()+1];
Arrays.fill(boolArray, false);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.print(getUniqueRandomNumber(integers) + " ");
}
}
private static int getUniqueRandomNumber(List<Integer> integers) {
int randNum =(int) (Math.random()*integers.size());
if(boolArray[randNum]){
while(boolArray[randNum]){
randNum++;
if(randNum>boolArray.length){
randNum=0;
}
}
boolArray[randNum]=true;
return randNum;
}else {
boolArray[randNum]=true;
return randNum;
}
}
}
This is the most simple method to generate unique random values in a range or from an array.
In this example, I will be using a predefined array but you can adapt this method to generate random numbers as well. First, we will create a sample array to retrieve our data from.
Generate a random number and add it to the new array.
Generate another random number and check if it is already stored in the new array.
If not then add it and continue
else reiterate the step.
ArrayList<Integer> sampleList = new ArrayList<>();
sampleList.add(1);
sampleList.add(2);
sampleList.add(3);
sampleList.add(4);
sampleList.add(5);
sampleList.add(6);
sampleList.add(7);
sampleList.add(8);
Now from the sampleList we will produce five random numbers that are unique.
int n;
randomList = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
Random random = new Random();
n=random.nextInt(8); //Generate a random index between 0-7
if(!randomList.contains(sampleList.get(n)))
randomList.add(sampleList.get(n));
else
i--; //reiterating the step
}
This is conceptually very simple. If the random value generated already exists then we will reiterate the step. This will continue until all the values generated are unique.
If you found this answer useful then you can vote it up as it is much simple in concept as compared to the other answers.
Check this
public class RandomNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int n = 5;
int A[] = uniqueRandomArray(n);
for(int i = 0; i<n; i++){
System.out.println(A[i]);
}
}
public static int[] uniqueRandomArray(int n){
int [] A = new int[n];
for(int i = 0; i< A.length; ){
if(i == A.length){
break;
}
int b = (int)(Math.random() *n) + 1;
if(f(A,b) == false){
A[i++] = b;
}
}
return A;
}
public static boolean f(int[] A, int n){
for(int i=0; i<A.length; i++){
if(A[i] == n){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
Below is a way I used to generate unique number always. Random function generates number and stores it in textfile then next time it checks it in file compares it and generate new unique number hence in this way there is always a new unique number.
public int GenerateRandomNo()
{
int _min = 0000;
int _max = 9999;
Random _rdm = new Random();
return _rdm.Next(_min, _max);
}
public int rand_num()
{
randnum = GenerateRandomNo();
string createText = randnum.ToString() + Environment.NewLine;
string file_path = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath) + #"\Invoices\numbers.txt";
File.AppendAllText(file_path, createText);
int number = File.ReadLines(file_path).Count(); //count number of lines in file
System.IO.StreamReader file = new System.IO.StreamReader(file_path);
do
{
randnum = GenerateRandomNo();
}
while ((file.ReadLine()) == randnum.ToString());
file.Close();
return randnum;
}
You can use the Collections class.
A utility class called Collections offers different actions that can be performed on a collection like an ArrayList (e.g., search the elements, find the maximum or minimum element, reverse the order of elements, and so on). One of the actions it can perform is to shuffle the elements. The shuffle will randomly move each element to a different position in the list. It does this by using a Random object. This means it's deterministic randomness, but it will do in most situations.
To shuffle the ArrayList, add the Collections import to the top of the program and then use the Shuffle static method. It takes the ArrayList to be shuffled as a parameter:
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class Lottery {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//define ArrayList to hold Integer objects
ArrayList numbers = new ArrayList();
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
numbers.add(i+1);
}
Collections.shuffle(numbers);
System.out.println(numbers);
}
}
You can generate n unique random number between 0 to n-1 in java
public static void RandomGenerate(int n)
{
Set<Integer> st=new HashSet<Integer>();
Random r=new Random();
while(st.size()<n)
{
st.add(r.nextInt(n));
}
}

Adding code to random number generator to prevent duplicates [duplicate]

I'm trying to get random numbers between 0 and 100. But I want them to be unique, not repeated in a sequence. For example if I got 5 numbers, they should be 82,12,53,64,32 and not 82,12,53,12,32
I used this, but it generates same numbers in a sequence.
Random rand = new Random();
selected = rand.nextInt(100);
Add each number in the range sequentially in a list structure.
Shuffle it.
Take the first 'n'.
Here is a simple implementation. This will print 3 unique random numbers from the range 1-10.
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
public class UniqueRandomNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i=1; i<11; i++) list.add(i);
Collections.shuffle(list);
for (int i=0; i<3; i++) System.out.println(list.get(i));
}
}
The first part of the fix with the original approach, as Mark Byers pointed out in an answer now deleted, is to use only a single Random instance.
That is what is causing the numbers to be identical. A Random instance is seeded by the current time in milliseconds. For a particular seed value, the 'random' instance will return the exact same sequence of pseudo random numbers.
With Java 8+ you can use the ints method of Random to get an IntStream of random values then distinct and limit to reduce the stream to a number of unique random values.
ThreadLocalRandom.current().ints(0, 100).distinct().limit(5).forEach(System.out::println);
Random also has methods which create LongStreams and DoubleStreams if you need those instead.
If you want all (or a large amount) of the numbers in a range in a random order it might be more efficient to add all of the numbers to a list, shuffle it, and take the first n because the above example is currently implemented by generating random numbers in the range requested and passing them through a set (similarly to Rob Kielty's answer), which may require generating many more than the amount passed to limit because the probability of a generating a new unique number decreases with each one found. Here's an example of the other way:
List<Integer> range = IntStream.range(0, 100).boxed()
.collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new));
Collections.shuffle(range);
range.subList(0, 99).forEach(System.out::println);
Create an array of 100 numbers, then randomize their order.
Devise a pseudo-random number generator that has a range of 100.
Create a boolean array of 100 elements, then set an element true when you pick that number. When you pick the next number check against the array and try again if the array element is set. (You can make an easy-to-clear boolean array with an array of long where you shift and mask to access individual bits.)
Use Collections.shuffle() on all 100 numbers and select the first five, as shown here and below.
Console:
59 9 68 24 82
Code:
private static final Random rnd = new Random();
private static final int N = 100;
private static final int K = 5;
private static final List<Integer> S = new ArrayList<>(N);
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
S.add(i + 1);
}
Collections.shuffle(S, rnd);
for (int i = 0; i < K; i++) {
System.out.print(S.get(i) + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
I feel like this method is worth mentioning.
private static final Random RANDOM = new Random();
/**
* Pick n numbers between 0 (inclusive) and k (inclusive)
* While there are very deterministic ways to do this,
* for large k and small n, this could be easier than creating
* an large array and sorting, i.e. k = 10,000
*/
public Set<Integer> pickRandom(int n, int k) {
final Set<Integer> picked = new HashSet<>();
while (picked.size() < n) {
picked.add(RANDOM.nextInt(k + 1));
}
return picked;
}
I re-factored Anand's answer to make use not only of the unique properties of a Set but also use the boolean false returned by the set.add() when an add to the set fails.
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
public class randomUniqueNumberGenerator {
public static final int SET_SIZE_REQUIRED = 10;
public static final int NUMBER_RANGE = 100;
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random random = new Random();
Set set = new HashSet<Integer>(SET_SIZE_REQUIRED);
while(set.size()< SET_SIZE_REQUIRED) {
while (set.add(random.nextInt(NUMBER_RANGE)) != true)
;
}
assert set.size() == SET_SIZE_REQUIRED;
System.out.println(set);
}
}
I have made this like that.
Random random = new Random();
ArrayList<Integer> arrayList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
while (arrayList.size() < 6) { // how many numbers u need - it will 6
int a = random.nextInt(49)+1; // this will give numbers between 1 and 50.
if (!arrayList.contains(a)) {
arrayList.add(a);
}
}
This will work to generate unique random numbers................
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Random;
public class RandomExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random rand = new Random();
int e;
int i;
int g = 10;
HashSet<Integer> randomNumbers = new HashSet<Integer>();
for (i = 0; i < g; i++) {
e = rand.nextInt(20);
randomNumbers.add(e);
if (randomNumbers.size() <= 10) {
if (randomNumbers.size() == 10) {
g = 10;
}
g++;
randomNumbers.add(e);
}
}
System.out.println("Ten Unique random numbers from 1 to 20 are : " + randomNumbers);
}
}
One clever way to do this is to use exponents of a primitive element in modulus.
For example, 2 is a primitive root mod 101, meaning that the powers of 2 mod 101 give you a non-repeating sequence that sees every number from 1 to 100 inclusive:
2^0 mod 101 = 1
2^1 mod 101 = 2
2^2 mod 101 = 4
...
2^50 mod 101 = 100
2^51 mod 101 = 99
2^52 mod 101 = 97
...
2^100 mod 101 = 1
In Java code, you would write:
void randInts() {
int num=1;
for (int ii=0; ii<101; ii++) {
System.out.println(num);
num= (num*2) % 101;
}
}
Finding a primitive root for a specific modulus can be tricky, but Maple's "primroot" function will do this for you.
I have come here from another question, which has been duplicate of this question (Generating unique random number in java)
Store 1 to 100 numbers in an Array.
Generate random number between 1 to 100 as position and return array[position-1] to get the value
Once you use a number in array, mark the value as -1 ( No need to maintain another array to check if this number is already used)
If value in array is -1, get the random number again to fetch new location in array.
I have easy solution for this problem,
With this we can easily generate n number of unique random numbers,
Its just logic anyone can use it in any language.
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
rn[i]= GenerateRandomNumber();
for (int j=0;j<i;j++)
{
if (rn[i] == rn[j])
{
i--;
}
}
}
Choose n unique random numbers from 0 to m-1.
int[] uniqueRand(int n, int m){
Random rand = new Random();
int[] r = new int[n];
int[] result = new int[n];
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
r[i] = rand.nextInt(m-i);
result[i] = r[i];
for(int j = i-1; j >= 0; j--){
if(result[i] >= r[j])
result[i]++;
}
}
return result;
}
Imagine a list containing numbers from 0 to m-1. To choose the first number, we simply use rand.nextInt(m). Then remove the number from the list. Now there remains m-1 numbers, so we call rand.nextInt(m-1). The number we get represents the position in the list. If it is less than the first number, then it is the second number, since the part of list prior to the first number wasn't changed by the removal of the first number. If the position is greater than or equal to the first number, the second number is position+1. Do some further derivation, you can get this algorithm.
Explanation
This algorithm has O(n^2) complexity. So it is good for generating small amount of unique numbers from a large set. While the shuffle based algorithm need at least O(m) to do the shuffle.
Also shuffle based algorithm need memory to store every possible outcome to do the shuffle, this algorithm doesn’t need.
Though it's an old thread, but adding another option might not harm. (JDK 1.8 lambda functions seem to make it easy);
The problem could be broken down into the following steps;
Get a minimum value for the provided list of integers (for which to generate unique random numbers)
Get a maximum value for the provided list of integers
Use ThreadLocalRandom class (from JDK 1.8) to generate random integer values against the previously found min and max integer values and then filter to ensure that the values are indeed contained by the originally provided list. Finally apply distinct to the intstream to ensure that generated numbers are unique.
Here is the function with some description:
/**
* Provided an unsequenced / sequenced list of integers, the function returns unique random IDs as defined by the parameter
* #param numberToGenerate
* #param idList
* #return List of unique random integer values from the provided list
*/
private List<Integer> getUniqueRandomInts(List<Integer> idList, Integer numberToGenerate) {
List<Integer> generatedUniqueIds = new ArrayList<>();
Integer minId = idList.stream().mapToInt (v->v).min().orElseThrow(NoSuchElementException::new);
Integer maxId = idList.stream().mapToInt (v->v).max().orElseThrow(NoSuchElementException::new);
ThreadLocalRandom.current().ints(minId,maxId)
.filter(e->idList.contains(e))
.distinct()
.limit(numberToGenerate)
.forEach(generatedUniqueIds:: add);
return generatedUniqueIds;
}
So that, to get 11 unique random numbers for 'allIntegers' list object, we'll call the function like;
List<Integer> ids = getUniqueRandomInts(allIntegers,11);
The function declares new arrayList 'generatedUniqueIds' and populates with each unique random integer up to the required number before returning.
P.S. ThreadLocalRandom class avoids common seed value in case of concurrent threads.
try this out
public class RandomValueGenerator {
/**
*
*/
private volatile List<Double> previousGenValues = new ArrayList<Double>();
public void init() {
previousGenValues.add(Double.valueOf(0));
}
public String getNextValue() {
Random random = new Random();
double nextValue=0;
while(previousGenValues.contains(Double.valueOf(nextValue))) {
nextValue = random.nextDouble();
}
previousGenValues.add(Double.valueOf(nextValue));
return String.valueOf(nextValue);
}
}
This isn't significantly different from other answers, but I wanted the array of integers in the end:
Integer[] indices = new Integer[n];
Arrays.setAll(indices, i -> i);
Collections.shuffle(Arrays.asList(indices));
return Arrays.stream(indices).mapToInt(Integer::intValue).toArray();
you can use boolean array to fill the true if value taken else set navigate through boolean array to get value as per given below
package study;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
/*
Created By Sachin Rane on Jul 18, 2018
*/
public class UniqueRandomNumber {
static Boolean[] boolArray;
public static void main(String s[]){
List<Integer> integers = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
integers.add(i);
}
//get unique random numbers
boolArray = new Boolean[integers.size()+1];
Arrays.fill(boolArray, false);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.print(getUniqueRandomNumber(integers) + " ");
}
}
private static int getUniqueRandomNumber(List<Integer> integers) {
int randNum =(int) (Math.random()*integers.size());
if(boolArray[randNum]){
while(boolArray[randNum]){
randNum++;
if(randNum>boolArray.length){
randNum=0;
}
}
boolArray[randNum]=true;
return randNum;
}else {
boolArray[randNum]=true;
return randNum;
}
}
}
This is the most simple method to generate unique random values in a range or from an array.
In this example, I will be using a predefined array but you can adapt this method to generate random numbers as well. First, we will create a sample array to retrieve our data from.
Generate a random number and add it to the new array.
Generate another random number and check if it is already stored in the new array.
If not then add it and continue
else reiterate the step.
ArrayList<Integer> sampleList = new ArrayList<>();
sampleList.add(1);
sampleList.add(2);
sampleList.add(3);
sampleList.add(4);
sampleList.add(5);
sampleList.add(6);
sampleList.add(7);
sampleList.add(8);
Now from the sampleList we will produce five random numbers that are unique.
int n;
randomList = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
Random random = new Random();
n=random.nextInt(8); //Generate a random index between 0-7
if(!randomList.contains(sampleList.get(n)))
randomList.add(sampleList.get(n));
else
i--; //reiterating the step
}
This is conceptually very simple. If the random value generated already exists then we will reiterate the step. This will continue until all the values generated are unique.
If you found this answer useful then you can vote it up as it is much simple in concept as compared to the other answers.
Check this
public class RandomNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int n = 5;
int A[] = uniqueRandomArray(n);
for(int i = 0; i<n; i++){
System.out.println(A[i]);
}
}
public static int[] uniqueRandomArray(int n){
int [] A = new int[n];
for(int i = 0; i< A.length; ){
if(i == A.length){
break;
}
int b = (int)(Math.random() *n) + 1;
if(f(A,b) == false){
A[i++] = b;
}
}
return A;
}
public static boolean f(int[] A, int n){
for(int i=0; i<A.length; i++){
if(A[i] == n){
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
Below is a way I used to generate unique number always. Random function generates number and stores it in textfile then next time it checks it in file compares it and generate new unique number hence in this way there is always a new unique number.
public int GenerateRandomNo()
{
int _min = 0000;
int _max = 9999;
Random _rdm = new Random();
return _rdm.Next(_min, _max);
}
public int rand_num()
{
randnum = GenerateRandomNo();
string createText = randnum.ToString() + Environment.NewLine;
string file_path = System.IO.Path.GetDirectoryName(System.Windows.Forms.Application.ExecutablePath) + #"\Invoices\numbers.txt";
File.AppendAllText(file_path, createText);
int number = File.ReadLines(file_path).Count(); //count number of lines in file
System.IO.StreamReader file = new System.IO.StreamReader(file_path);
do
{
randnum = GenerateRandomNo();
}
while ((file.ReadLine()) == randnum.ToString());
file.Close();
return randnum;
}
You can use the Collections class.
A utility class called Collections offers different actions that can be performed on a collection like an ArrayList (e.g., search the elements, find the maximum or minimum element, reverse the order of elements, and so on). One of the actions it can perform is to shuffle the elements. The shuffle will randomly move each element to a different position in the list. It does this by using a Random object. This means it's deterministic randomness, but it will do in most situations.
To shuffle the ArrayList, add the Collections import to the top of the program and then use the Shuffle static method. It takes the ArrayList to be shuffled as a parameter:
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class Lottery {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//define ArrayList to hold Integer objects
ArrayList numbers = new ArrayList();
for(int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
numbers.add(i+1);
}
Collections.shuffle(numbers);
System.out.println(numbers);
}
}
You can generate n unique random number between 0 to n-1 in java
public static void RandomGenerate(int n)
{
Set<Integer> st=new HashSet<Integer>();
Random r=new Random();
while(st.size()<n)
{
st.add(r.nextInt(n));
}
}

Generate more than one random numbers using native or built-in function

I know for generating random number there is random function in java
for example
int randomNumber = ( int )( Math.random() * 9999 );
which will generate randomNumber from [0,9999] but it only returns one number by given range.
But I just want to know if there is any built in function or you can say native function which will generate more than one random numbers and it should also not match with each other
suppose from above example if i want to generate 4 number
it will return like 1,10,50,5544
Here you can see that there is a four random number and it is not matching with each other .
try something like this
Create an ArrayList and add your random number and while adding check if ArrayList already contains the number or not.
Eg:
ArrayList<Integer> numbers = new ArrayList<Integer>();
while (numbers.size()<=YOUR_MAX_SIZE)
{
int randomInteger = ( int )( Math.random() * 9999 );
if (!numbers.contains(randomInteger)) {
{
numbers.add(randomInteger);
}
}
Another technique (besides the one shown by #MichaelShrestha) is to put the entire range of numbers in a collection, then shuffle it and take the numbers in the shuffled order.
It has the advantage that whereas the other method might spin though many (many) numbers to find a non-duplicate random value, this will only have to be run once. OTOH, for small collections of numbers, #Michael's technique might be faster.
Try this, as proposed here:
int min = 1;
int max = 10000;
Random r = new Random();
int i1 = r.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
EDIT:
With no duplicates:
Random rng = new Random(); // Ideally just create one instance globally
int min = 1;
int max = 10000;
Set<Integer> generated = new LinkedHashSet<Integer>();
while (generated.size() < numbersNeeded)
{
Integer next = r.nextInt(max - min + 1) + min;
generated.add(next);
}
LINK
There is not built in api. but you can use something like this
public static int[] getRandoms(int amount, int range){
int[] result = new int[amount];
ArrayList tempList = new ArrayList();
for(int i = 0; i< range; i++)
tempList.add(i);
Collections.shuffle(tempList);
for(int i = 0; i< amount; i++)
result[i] = (int)tempList.get(i);
return result;
}
Here amount is the number of randome numbers you want and the range is the maximum range of random number
ArrayList<Integer> rnumbers = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
int randomNumber = (int) (Math.random() * 9999);
while (rnumbers.contains(randomNumber)) {
randomNumber = (int) (Math.random() * 9999);
}
rnumbers.add(randomNumber);
}
As HashSet contains unique object... You can have the unique random numbers.
Set uniqueRandomNumber = new HashSet();
int i = 5 //number Of Random Number Required;
for(int = 0; i<5; 1++){
int randomNumber = ( int )( Math.random() * 9999 );
uniqueRandomNumber.add(randomNumber);
}

How to return 5 random "Powerball" numbers in Java

Trying to return 5 random numbers between 1 and 42 in Java.
I currently have logic to return a single number (putting it into an ArrayList, but I'd like to do away with that.) I'm stumped on implementation to return 5 random numbers. Would I need 5 for loops?
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
int r = (int) (Math.random() * 42 + 1);
}
I've seen some other related examples here and they seem more complex than what my needs dictate. However, I could be wrong.
Simply place each random number into an array and return the array...
public int[] powerBalls() {
int[] balls = new int[5];
for (int index = 0; index < 5; index++) {
balls[index] = (int) (Math.random() * 42) + 1;
}
return balls;
}
You can use the Set to generate 5 Unique Random numbers.
Random random = new Random();
Set randomNumbers = new HashSet<Integer>();
while(randomNumbers.size()< 5) {
randomNumbers.add(random.nextInt(42)+1);
}
Since you've mentioned that you're using an ArrayList which will hold all the random numbers, you could just add all the elements present in randomNumbers set to your ArrayList.
Update:-
To suit your needs, you need to do something like this:-
Random random = new Random();
Set<String> set = new HashSet<String>();
while(set.size()< 5) {
set.add(String.valueOf(random.nextInt(42)+1));
}
fortuneList3.addAll(set);
Be careful! Each number can be taken only one time. With your solution it is possible to get same number more than one time.
Other solution (and here you can't have same numer more than one time) is to create array with all numbers, shuffle it and take first 5:
public int[] powerBalls() {
// create array with all numbers
List<Integer> balls = new ArrayList<Integer>(42);
for (int i = 1; i <= 42; i++)
balls.add(i);
// shuffle
Collections.shuffle(balls);
// take first 5
int[] result = new int[5];
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
result[i] = balls.get(i);
return result;
}
Try it like this:
IntArray = new int[5]; //Create an array
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
IntArray[i] = (int) (Math.random() * 42 + 1);
}
Store the numbers in array and return that array.
int []randArray;
randArray = new int[5];
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { //for 5 random numbers
randArray[i] = (int) (Math.random() * 42 + 1);
}
//now return this array "randArray"
It's a straight forward approach.
List<Integer> generated = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
while(true)
{
int r = (int) (Math.random() * 42 + 1);
if (!generated.contains(r))
{
generated.add(r);
break;
}
}
}
Just throwing my 2 cents in. I recently made a jQuery Plugin, appropriately named "Powerball". I'll share with ya the formula i'm using as well as link ya my plugin. Not sure why anyone would really need this. I did it just for fun! LoL!
The Function
function getNumbers() {
var a=[]; // array to return
for(i=1;5>=i;i++){ // for loop to get first 5 numbers
var b = Math.floor(Math.random()*59)+1; // set #
while (a.indexOf(b) > -1) { b = Math.floor(Math.random()*59)+1; } // reset # if already used
a.push(b); // add number to array
}
a.push(Math.floor(35*Math.random())+1); // add ball 6 number
return a; // 0 index array will have a length of 6, [0-4] being whiteball numbers, [5] being the red ball
}
The Plugin
jsFiddle
Contains the plugin between comment lines
Shows example use
Use is as easy as $("element").powerball(). However, only one method exist for it at the moment, $("element").powerball("setNumbers"). That method simply resets the numbers shown in the p tags.
Style: a note!
All styling is done through a style tag added to the header upon initialization. This means there's no need for extra files to add, but it also gives the ease of custom styling. See more about styling in the jsFiddle!

Java - generate Random range of specific numbers without duplication of those numbers - how to?

Sounds simple enough...but I've been plugging away at this, trying to find the one and all solution.
For a range of numbers, say 1-12, I want to generate a random sequence within that range, and include 1 and 12.
I don't want duplicate numbers though.
So I would want something like this - 3,1,8,6,5,4 ..and so on, every number from 1-12.
Then I want to put these random numbers into an Array and use that array to 'randomly' select and display some items (like inventory pulled from database) on a jsp page.
The problem with what I've tried thus far, is that there are a lot of duplicate numbers being generated...or, not ALL of the numbers are chosen.
Is there a simple solution to this problem?
Edit
Test#1 using Collections and shuffle() method -
ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>(10);
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
list.add(i);
}
Collections.shuffle(list);
String[] randomNumbers = (String[])list.toArray();
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
out.print(randomNumbers[i]+"<br>");
}
The result was a sequence with duplicate values -
chose = 3
chose = 8
chose = 7
chose = 5
chose = 1
chose = 4
chose = 6
chose = 4
chose = 7
chose = 12
Test #2 - using Random math class
int max = 12;
int min = 1;
int randomNumber = 0;
String str_randomNumber = "";
for(int i=0; i<10; i++) {
//int choice = 1 + Math.abs(rand.nextInt(11));
int choice = min + (int)(Math.random() * ((max - min) + 1));
out.print("chose = "+choice+"<br>");
}
The result was just like using Collections.shuffle().
You can fill an array with all values from 1 to 12 and then shuffle them (see e.g. Why does Collections.shuffle() fail for my array?)
You can put all numbers from 1 to 12 in order into array and then use some shuffling algorithm to randomize the order of them e.g. http://www.leepoint.net/notes-java/algorithms/random/random-shuffling.html.
Random number generation allows for duplications. If you want a range of random numbers without duplication, I suggest the following:
Generate a random number (I will refer to this a numberX).
Add to a Set object.
Check the size of the Set object, if it is the desired size, you are done. If it is smaller than the desired size, goto step 1
If you are using MySQL or SQLLite as your database you can do this randomization at the SELECT query level by using ORDER BY RAND() for restricting to 1-12 you can put a where clause WHERE ID >=1 AND ID <=12 ORDER BY RAND()
This is a utility method for creating a random Integer number :
public static int randomInteger(int min, int max) {
Random rd = new Random();
return rd.nextInt((max - min) + 1) + min;
}
This is an algorithm that always produces a unique Set of integers:
public static Set<Integer> makeRandomSet(int howManyNumber, int startNumber, int endNumber){
Set<Integer> integerSet = new HashSet<>();
boolean couldBeAdded = false;
for(int i=0; i< howManyNumber; i++) {
while (!couldBeAdded) {
Integer randomInt = randomInteger(startNumber, endNumber);
couldBeAdded = integerSet.add(randomInt);
}
couldBeAdded = false;
}
return integerSet;
}
We made use of add method return type to check the duplicate value within our Set.
And here is the test code:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Set<Integer> randomSet = makeRandomSet(6, 1, 54);
System.out.println(randomSet);
}
The output of the above code is 6 random unique integers number
between 1 and 54
You could just put all the numbers you want in a List and then order the List randomly and then convert the randomly ordered list to an array, e.g.
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 1; i <= 12; i++) {
list.add(i);
}
Collections.sort(list, new Comparator<Integer>() {
#Override
public int compare(Integer o1, Integer o2) {
return Math.random() > 0.5 ? 1 : -1;
}
);
Integer[] array = list.toArray(new Integer[list.size()]);

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