How do you rebuild a string using StringBuilder? - java

Im trying to rebuild a string using StringBuilder. I'm a little unsure of which method to use to get the "'," inserted back into the same place. In the code below I'm using the
"insert(int dstOffset, CharSequence s, int start, int end)" method. My code doesn't contain any errors however it doesn't run properly.
Please note I will also be escaping characters (i.e., =) in the string but I havent written that part of the code yet. Currently I'm trying to learn how to split the string and then rebuild it.
Thanks
public class StringTestProgram
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
for (String stringoutput : stringData)
{
System.out.print(stringoutput);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(stringoutput);
CharSequence charAdded = ",";
sb.insert(6,charAdded,0,12);
System.out.print(sb.toString());
}
}
}
Revised code
public class StringTestProgram {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
System.out.println(relativeDN);
//Split String
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
CharSequence charAdded = ",";
// loop thru each element of the array
for (int place = 0; place < stringData.length; place++) {
System.out.println(stringData[place]);
{
int eq = relativeDN.indexOf('=');
String sub = relativeDN.substring(0, eq);
System.out.println(sub);
}
// append element to the StringBuilder
sb.append(stringData[place]);
// avoids adding an extra ',' at the end
if (place < stringData.length - 1)
// if not at the last element, add the ',' character
sb.append(charAdded);
}
System.out.print(sb.toString());
}
}
}
Im new to stackoverflow and I'm not sure if its ok to ask this question in this thread or if I should create a seperate thread for this question. If possible please advise.
The code above now splits the string at the "," character. It also rebuilds the
string back to its original state. I would also like to use the indexof and .substring
methods to get the string value after the "=" sign. Currently my program only outputs
the first two characters of the initial string value before the "=" sign. Not sure where
in my code I'm making an error. Any help would be appreciated.
My Current Output
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def
cn=abc
cn
dn=xyz
cn
ou=abc/def
cn
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def
Desired Output
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def
cn=abc
abc
dn=xyz
xyz
ou=abc/def
abc/def
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def

The easiest way to do this pre Java 8 is to use 1 StringBuilder for all the elements and add Strings to the builder by using the append() method
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
for (String stringoutput : stringData) {
builder.append(stringoutput).append(',');
}
//have an extra trailing comma so remove it
//use length -1 as end coord because it's exclusive
String result = builder.substring(0, builder.length() -1);
If you are using Java 8 you can use the new Stream API and Collectors.joining()
String result = Arrays.stream(relativeDN.split(","))
.collect(Collectors.joining(","));

You're initializing sb every time you enter the loop, meaning that you're disposing of your StringBuilder every time you enter the loop and recreate it with only the next subtring.
Fixed:
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
CharSequence charAdded = ",";
for (String stringoutput : stringData) {
System.out.print(stringoutput);
sb.append(stringoutput).append(charAdded);
}
sb.setLength(sb.length() - 1);
System.out.print(sb.toString());

Try out this code
public class StringTestProgram {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
CharSequence charAdded = ",";
for (int i = 0; i < stringData .length; i++) { //walk over each element of the array
System.out.println(stringData[i]);
sb.append(stringData[i]); // append element to the StringBuilder
if (i < stringData.length - 1) //avoids adding an extra ',' at the end
sb.append(charAdded); // if not at the last element, add the ',' character
}
System.out.print(sb.toString());
}
}
Here you will reconstruct the original string exactly as it was (i.e. without adding a trailing ','):
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def
UPDATE: In the for loop I just walk over every element of the array that stores the splitted String and append the elements to the StringBuilder instance one by one. After appending each element I check if we are currently at the last element of the array. If not, I append the ',' character.

Like this:
for (String stringoutput : stringData)
sb.append(stringoutput).append(',');
Fixed: Using this approach, you would have to remove the last ,
String result = sb.toString().substring(0,sb.toString().length()-1);
System.out.println(result);

I noticed in the other answers that there would be an extra comma at the end. You have to use a prefix variable and then change it in the loop so that there won't be an extra comma.
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String prefix = "";
for (String element : stringData) {
sb.append(prefix);
prefix=",";
sb.append(element);
}
String output = sb.toString();
Inside the loop the prefix is appended, but on the first time through the loop the prefix is set to empty quotes so that there won't be a comma before the first element. Next prefix is changed to a comma so that in the next turn through the loop a comma will be added after the first element. Lastly, the element is added. This results in the correct output because the comma is added before the element, but only after the first iteration.

Related

Getting incorrect output when using the Java method indexof in combination with substring to create a new string

In my program I am trying to split a string at the "," character. After I split the string, I need to create a new string after the "=" character. Then I need to rebuild the string back to its original state. Currently I'm able to split the string and rebuild it to its original state. However when I try to create a new string using the indexof and substring methods, I'm not getting the correct string. I have listed my code below along with my current output and my disired output. Thanks in advance for your help.
public class StringTestProgram {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
System.out.println(relativeDN);
//Split String
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
CharSequence charAdded = ",";
// loop thru each element of the array
for (int place = 0; place < stringData.length; place++) {
System.out.println(stringData[place]);
{
int eq = relativeDN.indexOf('=');
String sub = relativeDN.substring(0, eq);
System.out.println(sub);
}
// append element to the StringBuilder
sb.append(stringData[place]);
// avoids adding an extra ',' at the end
if (place < stringData.length - 1)
// if not at the last element, add the ',' character
sb.append(charAdded);
}
System.out.print(sb.toString());
}
}
}
My original string "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def"
My current output:
cn=abc (split string)
cn (create new String)
dn=xyz (split string)
cn (create new String)
ou=abc/def (split string)
cn (create new String)
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def (rebuild String to its original form)
My desired output:
cn=abc (split string)
abc (create new string)
dn=xyz (split string)
xyz (create new String)
ou=abc/def (split string)
abc/def (create new String)
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def (rebuild String to its original form)
Change the following lines:
int eq = relativeDN.indexOf('=');
String sub = relativeDN.substring(0, eq); in your for loop to
int eq = stringData[place].indexOf('=');
String sub = stringData[place].substring(eq+1, stringData[place].length());
You need the separated strings in each iteration so you will need to use stringData[place]. As you were using relativeDN, it was taking your original string in every iteration and was returning cn for each iteration.
Also for printing the string after =, you need to specify the starting location as the location after = and end location as end of string(length) to substring function.
Using Pattern and Matcher classes.
String s = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
String parts[] = s.split(",");
for(String i: parts)
{
System.out.println(i);
Matcher m = Pattern.compile("(?<==).+").matcher(i);
while(m.find())
{
System.out.println(m.group());
}
}
System.out.println(s);
Output:
cn=abc
abc
dn=xyz
xyz
ou=abc/def
abc/def
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def
OR
Using the StringBuilder class.
String relativeDN = "cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def";
String[] stringData = relativeDN.split(",");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i =0;i<stringData.length;i++)
{
if(i!=0)
{
sb.append(",");
}
System.out.println(stringData[i]);
int eq = stringData[i].indexOf('=');
String sub = stringData[i].substring(eq+1,stringData[i].length());
System.out.println(sub);
sb.append(stringData[i]);
}
System.out.print(sb.toString());
Output:
cn=abc
abc
dn=xyz
xyz
ou=abc/def
abc/def
cn=abc,dn=xyz,ou=abc/def

Inserting Newline character before every number occurring in a string?

I have String of format something like this
String VIA = "1.NEW DELHI 2. Lucknow 3. Agra";
I want to insert a newline character before every digit occurring succeeded a dot so that it final string is like this
String VIA = "1.NEW DELHI " +"\n"+"2. Lucknow " +"\n"+"3. Agra";
How can I do it. I read Stringbuilder and String spilt, but now I am confused.
Something like:
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
String[] splits = VIA.split("\d+\.+");
for(String split : splits){
builder.append(split).append("\n");
}
String output = builder.toString().trim();
The safest way here to do that would be go in a for loop and check if the char is a isDigit() and then adding a '\n' before adding it to the return String. Please note, I am not sure if you want to put a '\n' before the first digit.
String temp = "";
for(int i=0; i<VIA.length(); i++) {
if(Character.isDigit(VIA.charAt(i)))
temp += "\n" + VIA.charAt(i);
} else {
temp += VIA.charAt(i);
}
}
VIA = temp;
//just use i=1 here of you want to skip the first charachter or better do a boolean check for first digit.

Checking whether the String contains multiple words

I am getting the names as String. How can I display in the following format: If it's single word, I need to display the first character alone. If it's two words, I need to display the first two characters of the word.
John : J
Peter: P
Mathew Rails : MR
Sergy Bein : SB
I cannot use an enum as I am not sure that the list would return the same values all the time. Though they said, it's never going to change.
String name = myString.split('');
topTitle = name[0].subString(0,1);
subTitle = name[1].subString(0,1);
String finalName = topTitle + finalName;
The above code fine, but its not working. I am not getting any exception either.
There are few mistakes in your attempted code.
String#split takes a String as regex.
Return value of String#split is an array of String.
so it should be:
String[] name = myString.split(" ");
or
String[] name = myString.split("\\s+);
You also need to check for # of elements in array first like this to avoid exception:
String topTitle, subTitle;
if (name.length == 2) {
topTitle = name[0].subString(0,1);
subTitle = name[1].subString(0,1);
}
else
topTitle = name.subString(0,1);
The String.split method split a string into an array of strings, based on your regular expression.
This should work:
String[] names = myString.split("\\s+");
String topTitle = names[0].subString(0,1);
String subTitle = names[1].subString(0,1);
String finalName = topTitle + finalName;
First: "name" should be an array.
String[] names = myString.split(" ");
Second: You should use an if function and the length variable to determine the length of a variable.
String initial = "";
if(names.length > 1){
initial = names[0].subString(0,1) + names[1].subString(0,1);
}else{
initial = names[0].subString(0,1);
}
Alternatively you could use a for loop
String initial = "";
for(int i = 0; i < names.length; i++){
initial += names[i].subString(0,1);
}
You were close..
String[] name = myString.split(" ");
String finalName = name[0].charAt(0)+""+(name.length==1?"":name[1].charAt(0));
(name.length==1?"":name[1].charAt(0)) is a ternary operator which would return empty string if length of name array is 1 else it would return 1st character
This will work for you
public static void getString(String str) throws IOException {
String[] strr=str.split(" ");
StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder();
for(int i=0;i<strr.length;i++){
sb.append(strr[i].charAt(0));
}
System.out.println(sb);
}

Insert a character before and after all letters in a string in Java

I want to insert a % character before after every letter in a string, but using StringBuilder to make it fast.
For example, if a string is 'AA' then it would be '%A%A%'. If it is 'XYZ' then it would be '%X%Y%Z%'
String foo = "VWXYZ";
foo = "%" + foo.replaceAll("(.)","$1%");
System.out.println(foo);
Output:
%V%W%X%Y%Z%
You don't need a StringBuilder. The compiler will take care of that simple concatenation prior to the regex for you by using one.
Edit in response to comment below:
replaceAll() uses a Regular Expression (regex).
The regex (.) says "match any character, and give me a reference to it" . is a wildcard for any character, the parenthesis create the backreference. The $1 in the second argument says "Use backreference #1 from the match".
replaceAll() keeps running this expression over the whole string replacing each character with itself followed by a percent sign, building a new String which it then returns to you.
Try something like this:
String test = "ABC";
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder("");
builder.append("%");
for (char achar : test.toCharArray()) {
builder.append(achar);
builder.append("%");
}
System.out.println(builder.toString());
public static String escape(String s) {
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
boolean wasLetter = false;
for (char c: s.toCharArray()) {
boolean isLetter = Character.isLetter(c);
if (isLetter && !wasLetter) {
buf.append('%');
}
buf.append(c);
if (isLetter) {
buf.append('%');
}
wasLetter = isLetter;
}
return buf.toString();
}
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("AAAAAAA");
for(int i = sb.length(); i >= 0; i--)
{
sb.insert(i, '%');
}
You may see this.
String s="AAAA";
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
char[] ch=s.toCharArray();
for(int i=0;i<ch.length;i++)
{
builder.append("%"+ch[i]);
}
builder.append("%");
System.out.println(builder.toString());
Output
%A%A%A%A%
I agree with #Brian Roach to add character to before and after but if you want to add any specific character then do like this
String source = "hello good old world";
StringBuffer res = new StringBuffer();
String[] strArr = tagList.split(" ");
for (String str : strArr) {
char[] stringArray = str.trim().toCharArray();
stringArray[0] = stringArray[0];
str = new String(stringArray);
//here you need to specify your first and last character which you want to set
res.append("#"+ str + "$").append(" ");
}
System.out.println("Result: " + res.toString().trim());
Output :- #hello$ #good$ #old$ #world$

string tokenizer in Java

I have a text file which contains data seperated by '|'. I need to get each field(seperated by '|') and process it. The text file can be shown as below :
ABC|DEF||FGHT
I am using string tokenizer(JDK 1.4) for getting each field value. Now the problem is, I should get an empty string after DEF.However, I am not getting the empty space between DEF & FGHT.
My result should be - ABC,DEF,"",FGHT but I am getting ABC,DEF,FGHT
From StringTokenizer documentation :
StringTokenizer is a legacy class that
is retained for compatibility reasons
although its use is discouraged in new
code. It is recommended that anyone
seeking this functionality use the
split method of String or the
java.util.regex package instead.
The following code should work :
String s = "ABC|DEF||FGHT";
String[] r = s.split("\\|");
Use the returnDelims flag and check two subsequent occurrences of the delimiter:
String str = "ABC|DEF||FGHT";
String delim = "|";
StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer(str, delim, true);
boolean expectDelim = false;
while (tok.hasMoreTokens()) {
String token = tok.nextToken();
if (delim.equals(token)) {
if (expectDelim) {
expectDelim = false;
continue;
} else {
// unexpected delim means empty token
token = null;
}
}
System.out.println(token);
expectDelim = true;
}
this prints
ABC
DEF
null
FGHT
The API isn't pretty and therefore considered legacy (i.e. "almost obsolete"). Use it only with where pattern matching is too expensive (which should only be the case for extremely long strings) or where an API expects an Enumeration.
In case you switch to String.split(String), make sure to quote the delimiter. Either manually ("\\|") or automatically using string.split(Pattern.quote(delim));
StringTokenizer ignores empty elements. Consider using String.split, which is also available in 1.4.
From the javadocs:
StringTokenizer is a legacy class that
is retained for compatibility reasons
although its use is discouraged in new
code. It is recommended that anyone
seeking this functionality use the
split method of String or the
java.util.regex package instead.
you can use the constructor that takes an extra 'returnDelims' boolean, and pass true to it.
this way you will receive the delimiters, which will allow you to detect this condition.
alternatively you can just implement your own string tokenizer that does what you need, it's not that hard.
Here is another way to solve this problem
String str = "ABC|DEF||FGHT";
StringTokenizer s = new StringTokenizer(str,"|",true);
String currentToken="",previousToken="";
while(s.hasMoreTokens())
{
//Get the current token from the tokenize strings
currentToken = s.nextToken();
//Check for the empty token in between ||
if(currentToken.equals("|") && previousToken.equals("|"))
{
//We denote the empty token so we print null on the screen
System.out.println("null");
}
else
{
//We only print the tokens except delimiters
if(!currentToken.equals("|"))
System.out.println(currentToken);
}
previousToken = currentToken;
}
Here is a way to split a string into tokens (a token is one or more letters)
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
String s = scan.nextLine();
s = s.replaceAll("[^A-Za-z]", " ");
StringTokenizer arr = new StringTokenizer(s, " ");
int n = arr.countTokens();
System.out.println(n);
while(arr.hasMoreTokens()){
System.out.println(arr.nextToken());
}
scan.close();
}
package com.java.String;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
public class StringWordReverse {
public static void main(String[] kam) {
String s;
String sReversed = "";
System.out.println("Enter a string to reverse");
s = "THIS IS ASHIK SKLAB";
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(s);
while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
sReversed = st.nextToken() + " " + sReversed;
}
System.out.println("Original string is : " + s);
System.out.println("Reversed string is : " + sReversed);
}
}
Output:
Enter a string to reverse
Original string is : THIS IS ASHIK SKLAB
Reversed string is : SKLAB ASHIK IS THIS

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