Develop Reference

JLabel does not fully allign with JFrame

I have a JFrame with a JLabel on top called "coloredLabel", an instance of the class it's in is running on both of them. a random amount of objects move around on the frame and label and don't directly interact with them.
The only problem is that there is a bit of the frame visable above the label, what I want is that the label fully alligns with the frame, without pasting over the objects (which are painted in with an override paint method and mentioned as "game.newBall" and "game.moveBall". "test" is the name of the class.
Here is how my main thread looks, the frame and the label are declared within it:
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Bounce 2.0");
JLabel coloredLabel = new JLabel("");
test game = new test();
frame.add(game);
frame.setSize(300, 400);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
coloredLabel.setOpaque(true);
coloredLabel.setBackground(game.backgroundColor);
coloredLabel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1000000,1000000));
frame.getContentPane().add(coloredLabel,BorderLayout.LINE_START);
game.add(coloredLabel);
for(int a = randInt(0,9); a<10; a++)
game.newBall(randInt(0,300),randInt(0,400));
while (true) {
double height = frame.getContentPane().getSize().getHeight();
double width = frame.getContentPane().getSize().getWidth();
int n = 0;
while(game.exists(n)==true){
game.moveBall(n,width,height);
n++;
}
game.repaint();
Thread.sleep(10);
}
}
So my question is:
How do I allign the JLabel with the JFrame? so there is no space in between the JLabel and the frame.
I searched for this on this site, but couldn't find the same problem or something similar enough so I could fix this.
solved - game.setBackground(...);

The only problem is that there is a bit of the frame visable above the label,
game.add(coloredLabel);
I'm guessing "game" is a JPanel. By default a JPanel uses a FlowLayout and by default the FlowLayout has horizontal and vertical gaps of 5 pixels.
Get rid of the gap in the FlowLayout. Read the API for the constructors/methods of the FlowLayout to customize its behaviour.
But of course the bigger issue is the design of your app. I don't understand your point of using the label and attempting to take up all the space of the frame. Just set the background of the game panel by using:
game.setBackground(...);
Also class names should:
start with an upper case character and
be descriptive.
"test" is neither.

How do edit the size of swings?

So, I just need to add a title to my swing. Here's the code:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Wall extends JFrame {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Wall();
}
public Wall() {
final String title = "Wall Game";
this.setSize(300,300); //sets the screen
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setTitle(title);
this.setVisible(true);
JPanel panel1 = new JPanel();
JLabel label1 = new JLabel("Welcome to the Wall Game!");
JLabel label2 = new JLabel("Click the button to read the instructions!");
panel1.add(label1);
panel1.add(label2);
this.add(panel1);
}
}
I want the Welcome to the Wall Game! part of this to be bigger. Is it possible to make it bigger? If there's a bonus, I wonder if you can add different fonts. But that's not important right now.
Thanks to anyone who knows :P.

I believe all you need is something like this:
JLabel label1 = new JLabel("Welcome to the Wall Game!");
label1.setFont(new java.awt.Font("Arial", 1, 24));
This will set the font to type Arial, '1' will set it to plain, and '24' is the font size. Just read this if you want to do more with the font: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/awt/Font.html

Font font = new Font("Font Name", Font.TYPE_OF_FONT, size);
yourLabel.setFont(font);
Basically, you're creating a "new" font (not really "new" because Arial already exists, but you're just making it bigger (deriving it)).
The first parameter: "Font Name" is self-explanatory: The name of the font; e.g Arial.
The second parameter: Font.TYPE_OF_FONT determines what type your font is: for example, Font.ITALIC italicizes your label. Font.BOLD bolds your label. For more information, see here.
The third parameter: size, which is, in fact, the size! Changing size to 42 makes the font size 42, and changing it to 12345.67890f changes the font size to 12345.67890.
Applying the font
label.setFont(font);
Pretty self-explanatory.
For more information, read this link.

Java JFrame Boundaries

I'm trying to write a code that does the following:
If I click on the String C(JLabel) whose starting position is (100,100), the String moves WITHIN the boundaries of JFrame. The code itself wasn't hard to implement but I'm having issues with setting the (x,y) for JLabel so that any Part of the String "C" doesn't get cut off.
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class adfadf extends JFrame{
JLabel text = new JLabel("C");
Container container = getContentPane();
public adfadf(){
setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
container.setLayout(null);
MyMouseListener mml = new MyMouseListener();
text.addMouseListener(mml);
text.setLocation(100,100);
text.setSize(30,30);
add(text);
setSize(400,400);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new adfadf();
}
}
class MyMouseListener extends MouseAdapter{
#Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e){
JLabel text = (JLabel)e.getSource();
int x = (int)(Math.random()*(400-30));
int y = (int)(Math.random()*(400-30));
text.setLocation(x,y);
}
}
How should I change
int x = (int)(Math.random()*(400-30));
int y = (int)(Math.random()*(400-30));
in order to achieve what I want?

First, understanding that a JFrame is much more complex then it seems
To start with, a JFrame has a JRootPane, that contains the contentPane and JMenuBar and glassPane
This is further complicated by the fact the window's decorations are actually painted WITHIN the visible bounds of the frame, meaning that the visible area available to your content is actually smaller than the frame's size.
You can have a look at How can I set in the midst?, Graphics rendering in title bar and How to get the EXACT middle of a screen, even when re-sized for more details and examples of this.
But how does this help you? Well, now you know that you have a space of less than 400x400 to display your label in, but how much?
The simple solution is to stop using "magic" numbers, and take a look at something which is been used by the frame, the contentPane. The contentPane is managed by the the JFrame (via the JRootPane) so that it sits within the frame decorations, so you could do something more like...
JLabel text = (JLabel)e.getSource();
int width = getContentPane().getSize().width;
int height = getContentPane().getSize().height;
int x = (int)(Math.random()*(width-30));
int y = (int)(Math.random()*(height-30));
text.setLocation(x,y);
The reason for looking at the contentPane in this instance is simply because, that's the container that the label is actually added to.
This is one of the reasons why we suggest you don't use "magic" numbers, but look at the actual known values at the time you need them.

JLabel text Y paint coordinate

The default JLabel draws its text at the middle of its bounds. For example, if height of the label is 20, font height is 14, the Y coordinate would be (20 - 14)/2 = 3. Like this:
What should I do if want to align the text to the TOP of the JLabel bounds? Like this:
UPD:
public class LabelTest extends JFrame {
public LabelTest() {
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(500, 500);
setLocationRelativeTo(null);
JPanel contentPanel = new JPanel();
contentPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(contentPanel, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
contentPanel.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(10));
final JLabel label1 = new JLabel("JLabel");
label1.setVerticalAlignment(SwingConstants.TOP); // by the answer of Kevin Workman, doesn't help
label1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.RED));
label1.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 14));
contentPanel.add(label1);
setContentPane(contentPanel);
setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
new LabelTest();
}
});
}
}

You should be packing the frame. If you so this, there should be no unused space in the label. If you want empty space, use an empty border
label.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(0, 0, 5, 0));
top, left, bottom, right
Also, don't set sizes, Use Layout Mangers and let them do the sizing for you. Setting sizes will give you. Setting sizes will give you a rigid look that may look and perform differently on different platforms. Layout Managers will allow your GUI to be more fluid and adaptable to different environments.
See Laying out Components Within a Container for more information on working with layouts
Also see Should I avoid the use of set(Preferred|Maximum|Minimum)Size methods in Java Swing?

As always, the API is your best friend: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/javax/swing/JLabel.html#setVerticalAlignment(int)
Edit- Based on your updated SSCCE, the problem is that your BoxLayout is shrinking the JLabel as small as it will go, so the vertical text position doesn't really matter. Try using a BorderLayout to check that.
The problem is that the insets of the JLabel are adding a small space to the top and bottom of the JLabel, so your text looks centered even though it's at the top. Here's a fix for the insets problem: How to change gap in swing label

JButton alignment in JFrame

I am making a pig latin translater using JFrame in Java. Here's my problem; I have a "quit" button that closes the program; that doesn't matter, but what does is I have no control over its alignment (or any other component). I tried using quit.setAlignmentY(BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT); in the hopes that that would align it to the bottom of the page, but nothing changed. Some help here, please?
In case anyone needs it, here's the code;
public class Main extends JFrame{
private static JLabel label, result;
private static JTextField english;
private static JButton quit;
private static String originalResult = "Translated to pig latin: ";
private static ArrayList<String> beginningSymbols = new ArrayList<>();
private static ArrayList<String> endingSymbols = new ArrayList<>();
//prompt for string to translate, display final result
public Main(){
super("Pig Latin Translator");
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
setVisible(true);
setSize(600, 300);
setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
translatingHandler th = new translatingHandler();
label = new JLabel("Enter a phrase to translate into pig latin, then press enter:");
english = new JTextField(15);
result = new JLabel(originalResult);
quit = new JButton("Quit program");
english.addActionListener(th);
quit.addActionListener(th);
quit.setAlignmentY(BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT);
add(label);
add(english);
add(quit);
add(result);
english.requestFocus();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
new Main();
}
...
}
The JButton quit is the one I'm trying to align to the bottom of the page. Thanks!

Actually you are using FlowLayout. If you take a look at FlowLayout tutorials it is mentioned that
The FlowLayout class puts components in a row, sized at their
preferred size. If the horizontal space in the container is too small
to put all the components in one row, the FlowLayout class uses
multiple rows. If the container is wider than necessary for a row of
components, the row is, by default, centered horizontally within the
container.
If you insist on using FlowLayout align your components.
Anyways take a look at Using Layout Managers. For your task appropriate layout managers will be BorderLayout.
But if you need something very flexible use GridBagLayout or MigLayout but they are a little complex to use.
So as #HovercraftFullOfEels suggested try avoiding them.

Welcome to the confusing world of Java Swing. You probably want to look into layout managers. Specifically, BorderLayout might be of interest.