Webstart application fails to start with -Xmx2G on Java 8u60 - java

I have a Java Webstart application that starts successfully with -Xmx1G, but fails to start with -Xmx2G. Some of my users really need 2G of heap.
This seems to be a problem with Java 8u60 only, because I have a report of someone launching successfully with Java 8u51.
The failure looks like this: I see the blue 'Java...' splash screen, and then after a few seconds, poof it's gone, before displaying the Java console and without producing any trace information in the expected place.
The failure occurs only on those clients with less than 2G of memory available. But, I am a little surprised that requesting a 'maximum' heap size could cause the application to fail so early and without any diagnostic information. We are dealing with a 'maximum' value, after all, not an 'initial' value. I read in multiple places that the JVM is not supposed to do this.
But I also remembered reading that the 'initial', if unspecified, is based on the maximum. So, along with passing -Xmx2G, I tried passing -Xms512M, -Xms256M, and -Xms128M. But, this attempt to shrink the initial heap size did not help. I cannot get this thing to start with -Xmx2G!
Does anyone have any light to shed on this situation? A solution? A workaround? In the short term, I'll change to -Xmx1G, but, as I said at the beginning, I have some users that really need -Xmx2G. I'd like to avoid having two separate *.jnlp files, which would also entail having two separate *.jar files!

Turns out that this is exactly what Webstart on Java8u60 does if the client machine does not have enough memory to satisfy -Xmx. It attempts to start, and then poof, it disappears without any indication as to what went wrong.
So, I will end up having to build my application in different configurations if I want to enable the users with more memory to allocate that memory to my application. This is because signing requires the *.jnlp file to into the *.jar file itself, and this *.jnlp file must be an exact match with the *.jnlp file used to launch the application.

Related

Java server application slow after period of idleness (Windows)

I'm having trouble with a Jetty 9 server application that seems to go into some kind of resting state after a longer period of idleness. Normally the memory usage of the Java process is ~500 MB, but after being idle for some time it seems to drop down to less than 50MB. The first request that comes takes up to several seconds to respond whereas requests are normally on the scale of tens of milliseconds. But after one or two requests it seems like the application is back to it's normal responsive state.
I'm running on the 32-bit Oracle Java 8 JVM. My JVM configuration is very basic:
java -server -jar start.jar
I was hoping that this issue might be solvable through JVM configuration. Does anyone know if there's any particular parameter to disable this type of behavior?
edit: Based on the comment from Ivan, I was able to identify the source of the issue. Turns out Windows was swapping parts of the Java process out to disk. See my own answer below for a description of my solution.
Based on the comment from Ivan, I was able to identify the source of the issue. Turns out Windows was swapping parts of the Java process out to disk. This was clearly visible when comparing the private working set to the commit size in the task manager.
My solution to this was two-fold. First, I made a simple scheduled job inside my server app that runs every minute and does a simple test run to make sure that the important services never go inactive for long periods. I'm hoping this should ensure that Windows doesn't regard the related pages as inactive.
Afterwards, I also noticed that the process was executing with "Below normal" priority. So I changed the script that starts the server to ensure that it's running with "High" priority going forward. This seems likely to affect swapping behavior and may very well also have been enough to resolve the issue on it's own, but I only found it after already deploying my first solution so that remains unclear. In any case, everything seems to be working as it should now.

Export data from running JVM?

This might be a long shot of a question, but I have ran into a very complicated issue and I am unsure on how to solve it.
Long story short, we have a Java application running, it's currently using JDBC to pull in data from a MysQL Database on startup.
We have had a meltdown and that database is no longer active and has been lost forever and so has the data to go along with it which internally is very valuable.
However the data is still stored in the heap of the running JVM that pulled it in.
My only hope now is to somehow extract the data from the running JVM, in an ideal world i would be able to attach to it and have the flexibility to run code which could access the internal running classes..
So my questions today are:
Is my approach reasonable and possible?
If so how can I attach to the JVM and 'Inject' code
Thank you for reading
It seems that what you want to use is the jmap command. jmap can be used to dump the heap of a running JVM into a file, which you can then analyze "off-line", using tools such as jhat or JVisualVM.
It allows you to do so without killing the JVM and/or injecting code into it, and since the heap dump file is "inert", you can analyze it at your leisure without fear of harming the running VM by probing it further. Admittedly, I haven't used it extensively, so I'm not sure exactly what its capabilities are, but theoretically, you could perhaps also use JVisualVM's OQL language to run automated sequences on data in the heap and dump it to files in a format you want.
See, for instance, this question for usage examples.
In a situation like this the Eclipse Memory Analyzer Tool can be a good solution. It works on heap dumps too and shows you which objects take up memory.
In addition to this it can show the content of objects / memory locations.
I sometimes found MAT goes beyond what VisualVM does, but perhaps a view like this helps you find your data already:
(This is a screenshot of a made-up example where I create some custom objects in
order to show them with their value in the heapdump)
Perhaps you can even attach Eclipse to the running application. There is a certain trick where you can run custom code in a breakpoint. This one could somehow dump your data to disk.

Tomcat dies suddenly

Trying to diagnose some bizarre Tomcat (7.0.21) and/or JVM errors on a 64-bit linux (CentOS) machine.
I'm load testing our server application and tried hitting it with 100K messages. Launched jvisualvm and kept my eye on the heap the whole time. Everything was looking great* (see below) until I got to about 93K processed messages and then Tomcat just died. Ran a ps on Tomcat's PID number to confirm it was dead.
Up until this crash:
Load test had been running for about 90 minutes; should have finished shortly thereafter since we were at 93K/100K)
CPU was holding strong around 45%
Used heap was around 2GB (plus or minus a bunch after GCs) but heap size grew from 4GB to MAX_HEAP after about 30 minutes
Class loading/unloading was cycling normally
Thread dumps were normal
Nowhere in the server code are any calls to System.exit() - so we can rule that right out (and yes I've double-checked!!!).
I'm not sure if this is Tomcat crashing or the JVM (how do I tell?). And even if I did know, I can't seem to find any indication of what went wrong:
All of the server app's logs just stop without any ERROR messages (even though we have logging universally set to DEBUG and higher)
Tomcat's catalina.out and respect localhost_access_* files just stop without any info
I've heard it is possible to have Tomcat log a coredump when it does but not sure how to do that and online examples aren't helping much.
How would SO go about diagnosing this? What steps should I take to start ruling out all of the possible factors?
Thanks in advance!
If the JVM crashes, you should have a hs_err_pidNNN.log file; you don't have to do anything to enable this. Its location depends on your OS and how you are running Tomcat. On Windows, they can show up on your desktop, unless you are running as a service. Otherwise, they should be in the current working directory of the crashed process.
Your operating system probably provides additional tools for process monitoring; you could describe your environment more, or perhaps ask at serverfault.com.
It's also possible that jvisualvm is actually causing the crash.
I'd try reproducing the problem, and progressively simplify the scenario to help isolate the cause.
Another possibility is that the OS is running out of memory and the OOM Killer is killing your process. In this case, the JVM wouldn't get an opportunity to write a heap dump, or an hs_err_pid file.
You can use the option java -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError to create a heap dump for jvm crash due to out of memory error.
More details here Using HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError parameter for heap dump for JBoss.
Sorry I had to remove the green check from #erickson. I finally figured out what was killing Tomcat.
It looks like a profiler plugin is not configured correctly with VisualVM and attempting to run a profile on the Tomcat process killed it.
Investigating why right now, and will update this answer once I know more.

Handle errors running Java from batch file

I've got a (fairly typical) setup at the moment of launching my Java application through a batch file calling the jar file with appropriate parameters, which most of the time works absolutely fine. However, I'd like to be able to deal with any errors that might occur nicely.
At the moment I've got something like
java -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -jar Quelea.jar
IF NOT (%ERRORLEVEL% == 0) cscript MessageBox.vbs "Application failed to start."
The last line is basically the first answer on this question.
I'd like something a bit more fully featured though, even if it's a case of capturing the output from launching the process and then dumping it in the message box (ok, it's not pretty but it shouldn't appear to start with and when it does appear that then gives me some immediate debugging information without having to ask the user to grab out log files!) Or are there any other approaches that people use in similar situations?
I'm not talking about exceptions thrown in my code (which I deal with once the application starts) I'm talking about hard errors that prevent it starting such as using an old JRE version, not having enough memory to reserve for heap, that sort of thing.
I suggest using a Java executable wrapper. I like the following, but there are others.
http://launch4j.sourceforge.net/

How to detect Out Of Memory condition?

I have an application running on Websphere Application Server 6.0 and it crashes nearly every day because of Out-Of-Memory. From verbose GC is certain there are the memory leaks(many of them)
Unfortunately the application is provided by external vendor and getting things fixed is slow & painful process. As part of the process I need to gather the logs and heapdumps each time the OOM occurs.
Now I'm looking for some way how to automate it. Fundamental problem is how to detect OOM condition. One way would be to create shell script which will periodically search for new heapdumps. This approach seems me a kinda dirty. Another approach might be to leverage the JMX somehow. But I have little or no experience in this area and don't have much idea how to do it.
Or is in WAS some kind of trigger/hooks for this? Thank you very much for every advice!
You can pass the following arguments to the JVM on startup and a heap dump will be automatically generated on an OutOfMemoryError. The second argument lets you specify the path for the heap dump file. By using this at least you could check for the existence of a specific file to see if a heap dump has occurred.
-XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError
-XX:HeapDumpPath=<value>
I see two options if you want heap dumping automated but #Mark's solution with heap dump on OOM isn't satisfactory.
You can use the MemoryMXBean to detect high memory pressure, and then programmatically create a heap dump if the usage (or usage delta) seems high.
You can periodically get memory usage info and generate heap dumps with a cron'd shell script using jmap (works both locally and remote).
It would be nice if you could have a callback on OOM, but, uhm, that callback probably would just crash with an OOM error. :)
Have you looked at JConsole ? It uses JMX to give you visibility of a variety of JVM metrics, including memory info. It would probably be worth monitoring your application using this to begin with, to get a feel for how/when the memory is consumed. You may find the memory is consumed uniformly over the day, or when using certain features.
Take a look at the detecting low memory section of the above link.
If you need you can then write a JMX client to watch the application automatically and trigger whatever actions required. JConsole will indicate which JMX methods you need to poll.
And alternative to waiting until the application has crashed may be to script a controlled restart like every night if you're optimistic that it can survive for twelve hours..
Maybe even websphere can do that for you !?
You could add a listener (Session scoped or Application scope attribute listener) class that would be called each time a new object is added in session/app scope.
In this - you can attempt to check the total memory used by app (Log it) as as call run gc (note that invoking it will not imply gc will always run)
(The above is for the logging part and gc based on usage growth)
For scheduled gc:
In addition you can keep a timer task class that runs after every few hrs and does a request for gc.
Our experience with ITCAM has been less than stellar from the monitoring perspective. We dumped it in favor of CA Wily Introscope.
Have you had a look on the jvisualvm tool in the latest Java 6 JDK's?
It is great for inspecting running code.
I'd dispute that the you need the heap dumps when the OOM occurs. Periodic gathering of the information over time should give the picture of what's going on.
As has been observed various tools exist for analysing these problems. I have had success with ITCAM for WebSphere, as an IBMer I have ready access to that. We were very quickly able to indentify the exact lines of code in out problem situation.
If there's any way you can get a tool of that nature then that's the way to go.
It should be possible to write a simple program to get the process list from the kernel and scan it to see if your WAS process is still running. On a Unix box you could probably whip up something in Perl in a few minutes (if you know Perl), not sure how difficult it would be under Windows. Run it as a scheduled task every five minutes or so, and if the process doesn't show up you could have it fork off another process that would deal with the heap dump and re-start WAS.

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