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JAVA - Read only new lines in a file

I am writing a code in Java to read lines from a file. It is required by the problem statement that the code reads the same file multiple times. However, it should only read new lines, without using any flag of any sort. Please suggest ways on how I can approach this. Any ideas are welcome.

There is no way to "only read new lines." To achieve what you're looking to do, I would suggest caching the old version of the file and comparing the new file every time you re-read it with the old cached one. You will be able to detect the new lines and any other change in the file. After you are done analyzing, overwrite the old cache saving the newest read.

How to read file line by line in Java 8?

In Java 8 I see new method is added called lines() in Files class which can be used to read a file line by line in Java. Does it work for huge files? I mean can we load first 1000 lines then second set of 1000 lines. I have huge file with 1GB, Will it work?
Could someone share code snippet how to use it?

Does it work for huge files? [...] I have huge file with 1GB, Will it
work?
As far as I can see it should work well for big files as well (but I haven't tried):
try(Stream<String> lines = Files.lines(path)){
lines.filter(...).map(...)....foreach(...);
}
I mean can we load first 1000 lines then second set of 1000 lines.
How many lines are read at one time is implementation specific to Files.lines (which probably uses a BufferedReader, but I might be wrong).

From the API (embolden by me)
Read all lines from a file as a Stream. Unlike readAllLines, this method does not read all lines into a List, but instead populates lazily as the stream is consumed.
This very strongly suggests that you can use this on any arbitrarily sized file, assuming your code doesn't hold all of the content in memory.

Splitting a file in Java for Multithreading

For a project I am working on, I am trying to count the vowels in text file as fast as possible. In order to do so, I am trying a concurrent approach. I was wondering if it is possible to concurrently read a text file as a way to speed up the counting? I believe the bottleneck is the I/O, and since right now I am reading the file in via a buffered reader and processing line by line, I was wondering if it was possible to read multiple sections of the file at once.
My original thought was to use
Split File - Java/Linux
but apparently MappedByteBuffers are not great performance wise, and I still need to read line by line from each MappedByteBuffer once I split.
Another option is to split after reading a certain number of lines, but that defeats the purpose.
Would appreciate any help.

The following will NOT split the file - but can help in concurrently processing it!
Using Streams in Java 8 you can do things like:
Stream<String> lines = Files.lines(Paths.get(filename));
lines.filter(StringUtils::isNotEmpty) // ignore empty lines
and if you want to run in parallel you can do:
lines.parallel().filter(StringUtils::isNotEmpty)
In the example above I was filtering empty lines - but of course you can modify it to your use (counting vowels) by implementing your own method and calling it.

Splitting a large log file in to multiple files in Scala

I have a large log file with client-id as one of the fields in each log line. I would like to split this large log file in to several files grouped by client-id. So, if the original file has 10 lines with 10 unique client-ids, then at the end there will be 10 files with 1 line in each.
I am trying to do this in Scala and don't want to load the entire file in to memory, load one line at a time using scala.io.Source.getLines(). That is working nicely. But, I don't have a good way to write it out in to separate files one line at a time. I can think of two options:
Create a new PrintWriter backed by a BufferedWriter (Files.newBufferedWriter) for every line. This seems inefficient.
Create a new PrintWriter backed by a BufferedWriter for every output File, hold on to these PrintWriters and keep writing to them till we read all lines in the original log file and the close them. This doesn't seems a very functional way to do in Scala.
Being new to Scala I am not sure of there are other better way to accomplish something like this. Any thoughts or ideas are much appreciated.

You can do the second option in pretty functional, idiomatic Scala. You can keep track of all of your PrintWriters, and fold over the lines of the file:
import java.io._
import scala.io._
Source.fromFile(new File("/tmp/log")).getLines.foldLeft(Map.empty[String, PrintWriter]) {
case (printers, line) =>
val id = line.split(" ").head
val printer = printers.get(id).getOrElse(new PrintWriter(new File(s"/tmp/log_$id")))
printer.println(line)
printers.updated(id, printer)
}.values.foreach(_.close)
Maybe in a production level version, you'd want to wrap the I/O operations in a try (or Try), and keep track of failures that way, while still closing all the PrintWriters at the end.

How do I write/read to the beginning of a text file?

EDIT
This is my file reader, can I make this read it from bottom to up seeing how difficult it is to make it write from bottom to up.
BufferedReader mainChat = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("./messages/messages.txt"));
String str;
while ((str = mainChat.readLine()) != null)
{
System.out.println(str);
}
mainChat.close();
OR (old question)
How can I make it put the next String at the beginning of the file and then insert an new line(to shift the other lines down)?
FileWriter chatBuffer = new FileWriter("./messages/messages.txt",true);
BufferedWriter mainChat = new BufferedWriter(chatBuffer);
mainChat.write(message);
mainChat.newLine();
mainChat.flush();
mainChat.close();

Someone could correct me, but I'm pretty sure in most operating systems, there is no option but to read the whole file in, then write it back again.
I suppose the main reason is that, in most modern OSs, all files on the disc start at the beginning of a boundary. The problem is, you cannot tell the file allocation table that your file starts earlier than that point.
Therefore, all the later bytes in the file have to be rewritten. I don't know of any OS routines that do this in one step.
So, I would use a BufferedReader to store whole file into a Vector or StringBuffer, then write it all back with the prepended string first.
--
Edit
A way that would save memory for larger files, reading #Saury's randomaccessfile suggestion, would be:
file has N bytes to start with
we want to add on "hello world"
open the file for append
append 11 spaces
i=N
loop {
go back to byte i
read a byte
move to byte i+11
write that byte back
i--
} until i==0
then move to byte 0
write "hello world"
voila

Use FileUtils from Apache Common IO to simplify this if you can. However, it still needs to read the whole file in so it will be slow for large files.
List<String> newList = Arrays.asList("3");
File file = new File("./messages/messages.txt");
newList.addAll(FileUtils.readLines(file));
FileUtils.writeLines(file, newList);
FileUtils also have read/write methods that take care of encoding.

Use RandomAccessFile to read/write the file in reverse order. See following links for more details.
http://www.java2s.com/Code/Java/File-Input-Output/UseRandomAccessFiletoreverseafile.htm
http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/api/java/io/RandomAccessFile.html

As was suggested here pre-pending to a file is rather difficult and is indeed linked to how files are stored on the hard drive. The operation is not naturally available from the OS so you will have to make it yourself and most obvious answers to this involve reading the whole file and writing it again. this may be fine for you but will incur important costs and could be a bottleneck for your application performance.
Appending would be the natural choice but this would, as far as I understand, make reading the file unnatural.
There are many ways you could tackle this depending on the specificities of your situation.
If writing this file is not time critical in your application and the file does not grow too big you could bite the bullet and read the whole file, prepend the information and write it again. apache's common-io's FileUtils will be of help here simpifying the operation where you can read the file as a list of strings, prepend the new lines to the list and write the list again.
If writing is time critical but have control over the reading or the file. That is, if the file is to be read by another of your programs. you could load the file in a list of lines and reverse the list. Again FileUtils from the common-io library and helper functions in the Collections class in the standard JDK should do the trick nicely.
If writing is time critical but the file is intended to be read through a normal text editor you could create a small class or program that would read the file and write it in another file with the preferred order.