java scanner keeps skipping a line whenever i input a value - java

this is my first time posting a question here. I'm having a problem with the scanner method. this is the code I'm using
public void loanBook() {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
boolean successful = false;
do {
System.out.println(
"\nPlease enter the book ID of the book that you wish to take out (Press 9 to exit to the main menu)");
if (input.nextInt() == 9) {
successful = true;
break;
}
int bookID = input.nextInt();
for (int i = 0; i < Books.size(); i++) {
if (Books.get(i).getBookID() == bookID) {
do {
System.out.println("\nHow long would you like to loan the book for (20 Days maximum):");
int durationOnLoan = input.nextInt();
if (durationOnLoan <= 20 && 1 <= durationOnLoan) {
Books.get(i).setDurationOnLoan(durationOnLoan);
successful = true;
} else {
System.out.println("The number of days you have entered is invalid");
}
} while (successful == false);
System.out.println("\nThe book " + Books.get(i).getTitle() + " is now on loan");
Books.get(i).setOnLoan(true);
Books.get(i).setNumOfLoan(Books.get(i).getNumOfLoans() + 1);
successful = true;
}
}
the project I'm working on is a library array list which holds book objects (the array list works fine).
The for loop is used to iterate through the library array list to see if the book is there.
Whenever i run the program and enter a valid input for the book id, this happens
Please enter the book ID of the book that you wish to take out
101// this is my input which is valid
101// i have to enter it this second time for it to work and continue to the next piece of code
any thoughts? could it be a problem with the do while loop? or the for loop through the array list

In this line
if (input.nextInt() == 9) {
You read the number, and provided it's not 9, you continue. But you also discard it. which is why you have to enter it again. A simple solution is to use a variable which is what you have done already.
int bookID = input.nextInt();
if (bookID == 9) // check the save value so you don't have to enter it twice.
break;
If you are wondering, how could I have solved this myself? The answer is to use your debugger as this will should exactly what each line of code is doing.

Related

What code should i add to print out "seat already taken" if user input seats that are taken already or input the same seat?

I am trying to make seat reservation or assignment using one dimensional array. A user input choose 2 sections whether economy class or first class but i dont wanna go that far since i dont understand yet the algorithm. Lets assume user inputs first class and choose seats from seat 1, the user input must be saved in the array. If user inputs the same seat again, it must print out seat already taken. how can i work printing out 'seat already taken' if user inputs seats that are taken or inputs the same seat?
int arr[] = new int[10];
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++)
{
System.out.println ("(1)First Class \n(2)Economy Class");
int section = input.nextInt();
if(section == 1)
{
System.out.println ("Welcome to First Class");
System.out.println ("Choose Seat from 1-2");
arr[i] = input.nextInt();
if(arr[i] == 1)
{
arr[0]=1;
System.out.println ("Seat #1");
}
else if(arr[i] == 2)
{
arr[1]=2;
System.out.println ("Seat #2");
}
else if(arr[i] == arr[0] || arr[i]==arr[1])
{
System.out.println ("Seat already taken");
}
}
I don't seem to understand the relation between the code you've provided and the problem you're trying to solve.
If I understand you correctly, you're trying to see if the array already contains an element which is input by a user. For that, you could do something like this
int a[] = new int[10];
for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
boolean seatTaken = false;
int seat = input.nextInt();
for(int j=0;j<i;j++){
if(a[j]==seat){
seatTaken = true;
break;
}
}
if(seatTaken){
System.out.println("The Seat has already been taken");
i = i - 1;
}else{
a[i] = seat;
}
}
Of course, this could be made a lot more efficient by using a HashSet which has a constant lookup time

Product of Number input by user, program stops when user inputs 0

i want to make a program reads integers from the user one by one, multiply them and shows the product of the read integers. The loop for reading the integers
stops when the user presses 0. If the user enters a 0 as the first number, then user would not be able to provide any other numbers (Not adding the last 0 in the product). In this case, the program should display “No numbers entered!”
Heres my code right now
ProductNumbers.java
package L04b;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class ProductNumbers {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int num = -1;
boolean isValid = true;
int numbersEntered = 0;
int product = -1;
Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println(
"This program reads a list of integers from the user\r\n"
+ "and shows the product of the read integers");
while (num != 0) {
System.out.print("Enter number = ");
int curNum = scnr.nextInt();
if (curNum == 0)
break;
numbersEntered++;
product *= num;
}
if (numbersEntered == 0) {
System.out.println("No numbers entered!");
} else {
System.out.println(product);
}
}
}
I know this is completely wrong, i usually setup a template, try to figure out what needs to be changed, and go by that way, i also need to start thinking outside the box and learn the different functions, because i dont know how i would make it end if the first number entered is 0, and if the last number is 0, the program stops without multiplying that last 0 (so that the product doesnt end up being 0)... i need someone to guide me on how i could do this.
Heres a sample output of how i want it to work
This program reads a list of integers from the user
and shows the product of the read integers
Enter the number:
0
No numbers entered!
and
This program reads a list of integers from the user
and shows the product of the read integers
Enter the number:
2
Enter the number:
-5
Enter the number:
8
Enter the number:
0
The product of the numbers is: -80
You have a nested for loop, why?
You only need the outer while loop that gets the user's input until the input is 0.Also this line:
product *= i;
multiplies i, the for loop's counter to product and not the user's input!
Later, at this line:
if (isValid = true)
you should replace = with ==, if you want to make a comparison, although this is simpler:
if (isValid)
Your code can be simplified to this:
int num = -1;
int product = 1;
int counter = 0;
Scanner scnr = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println(
"This program reads a list of integers from the user\r\n"
+ "and shows the product of the read integers");
while (num != 0) {
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
num = scnr.nextInt();
scnr.nextLine();
if (num != 0) {
counter++;
product *= num;
System.out.println(product);
}
}
if (counter == 0)
System.out.println("No numbers entered");
else
System.out.println("Entered " + counter + " numbers with product: " + product);
One way to solve this is to utilize the break; keyword to escape from a loop, and then you can process the final result after the loop.
Something like this:
int numbersEntered = 0;
while (num != 0) {
int curNum = // read input
if (curNum == 0)
break;
numbersEntered++;
// do existing processing to compute the running total
}
if (numbersEntered == 0)
// print "No numbers entered!
else
// print the result
I think the key is to not try and do everything inside of the while loop. Think of it naturally "while the user is entering more numbers, ask for more numbers, then print the final result"

Correct user input not matching array values

I've written a portion of code to take a user input, match it to a string value and then use a related double value to make calculations:
double [] currency = new double[] {0.05,0.10,0.20,0.50,1.00,2.00,5.00,10.00,20.00,50.00,100.00};
String [] currencytext = {"$0.05","$0.10","$0.20","$0.50","$1.00","$2.00","$5.00","$10.00","$20.00","$50.00","$100.00"};
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
for (int i = 0; i < currencytext.length; i++) {
boolean valid = false;
while(!valid){
System.out.format("$%.2f remains to be paid. Enter coin or note: ",sum);
String payment = keyboard.next();
if(payment.equals(currencytext[i])){
sum = sum - currency[i];
if(sum == 0) {
System.out.print("You gave " + payment);
System.out.print("Perfect! No change given.");
System.out.print("");
System.out.print("Thank you" + name + ".");
System.out.print("See you next time.");
}
}
if(!(payment.equals(currencytext[i]))) {
System.out.print("Invalid coin or note. Try again. \n");
}
if(payment.equals(currencytext[i]) && currency[i] > sum){
System.out.print("You gave " + payment);
System.out.print("Your change:");
}
}
}
The problem is that when it gets to user input, it doesn't match any string values except for $0.05. It seems to me like its not iterating through the array properly but I can't figure out why. Is anyone able to see a problem here?
This is a possible solution for your problem
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
double [] currency = new double[] {0.05,0.10,0.20,0.50,1.00,2.00,5.00,10.00,20.00,50.00,100.00};
String [] currencytext = {"$0.05","$0.10","$0.20","$0.50","$1.00","$2.00","$5.00","$10.00","$20.00","$50.00","$100.00"};
String payment = keyboard.next();
double sum = 100; // <- Working example - Read sum from keyboard entry
while (sum > 0) {
boolean paymentFound = false;
for (int i = 0; i < currencytext.length; i++) {
if (payment.equals(currencytext[i])) {
sum = sum - currency[i];
paymentFound = true;
if (sum == 0) {
System.out.println("You gave " + payment);
System.out.println("Perfect! No change given.");
// System.out.print("Thank you" + name + ".");
System.out.println("See you next time.");
break;
} else if (sum < 0) {
System.out.println("You gave " + payment);
System.out.println("Your change:" + (-1 * sum));
break;
}
}
}
if (!paymentFound) {
System.out.println("Invalid coin or note. Try again. \n");
}
if (sum > 0) {
System.out.format("$%.2f remains to be paid. Enter coin or note: ", sum);
payment = keyboard.next();
}
}
while-loop will continue until the payment is fullfilled.
for-loop traverse the arrays until a suitable payment is found
If suitable payment is found we substract it from sum. We use break to exit the for-loop in both cases. There is no need to keep searching.
If no suitable payment is found [!paymentFound], we keep on asking.
if (!paymentFound) {
System.out.println("Invalid coin or note. Try again. \n");
}
if (sum > 0) {
System.out.format("$%.2f remains to be paid. Enter coin or note: ", sum);
payment = keyboard.next();
}
The program will end when (sum < 0), in which case the while-loop exits.
I have use println instead of print to improve message legibility.
Too many flaws to point out.
However,
When the currencytext[i] does not match payment, it executes this code:
System.out.print("Invalid coin or note. Try again. \n");
System.out.format("$%.2f remains to be paid. Enter coin or note: ",sum);
payment = keyboard.next();
So, it executes this for all the times that your input does not match currencytext[i].
And, in this block, you have
payment = keyboard.next();
So, it asks for new input, in this block itself. Hence, you get the said output for all inputs except $0.05.
As far as $0.05 is concerned, your first if block executes successfully, and prints no output. So, it moves to the next iteration of the while loop, where again, payment remains the same ($0.05), but currencytext[i] becomes $0.10. SO they do not match, and you get the said output.
How to correct this:
With this code, you need to do a lot of corrections.
I suggest you again start from scratch.
If it doesn't fit, it sets valid to true, so the code just has the chance to check against the first item at currencytext[0], which is $0.05. Then !payment.equals(currencytext[i]) is also true, and your code prints the lines there. Your else ifs are also not properly nested.
I don't know how you are reading input. One improvement you can do is write reading input code in for loop.
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
for (... ) {
....
String payment = scanner.nextLine();
....
}

Creating a loop to check array (java)

Homework assignment Suggestions only please as I wish very much to learn this as second nature!
The goal is to create an array with a user specified question amount (array size) followed by an answer key (said array size now filled). Then to have the user input the "students" answers to check against key.
I wrote all that no worries. Works lovely. The issue I am having is in two areas:
Create a loop that asks to grade another quiz.
Have it only check/score/calculate every other answer. ie: even answers only.
I have used a do/while loop to continue checking but couldn't get a sentinel value to stick. Also depending on where I placed it, the answers kept coming up as the first check. So I am unsure as to where to place and how to write it. I even tried to use a for loop boxing in the array and student answer portion to no avail.
As regards to having it check every other one, I thought of modifying the count of "i" to something like ((i+1)*2) instead of i++ for the two for loops but I just get errors as that seems to not be proper at all.
Thank you in advance!
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
public class EvenQuizzes {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int quizQuest = 0, count = 0;
double percentTotal = 0.0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("How many questions are in the quiz? Or enter 0 to quit. ");
quizQuest = scan.nextInt();
int[] answers = new int[quizQuest]; // scan in question total and apply
// to array
System.out.println("Enter the answer key: ");
for (int i = 0; i < answers.length; i++) {
answers[i] = scan.nextInt();
}
for (int i = 0; i < answers.length; i++) {
System.out.println("Enter the answer to be graded : ");
int toGrade = scan.nextInt();
if (toGrade == answers[i]) {
count++;
}
}
percentTotal = ((double) count / quizQuest);
NumberFormat defaultFormat = NumberFormat.getPercentInstance();
defaultFormat.setMinimumFractionDigits(2);
System.out.println("The questions answered correctly total: " + count);
System.out.println("The percentage correct is: " + defaultFormat.format(percentTotal));
System.out.println("\nAnother quiz to be graded?");
}
}
// do ( quizQuest != 0){ //condition check to run new quiz against KEY
// for (int j = 0; (quizQuest = scan.nextInt()) != 0; j++); {
At the bottom is what I had considered for the loop portion I am having trouble with.
As you asked for hints (and not the code), here it is:
For more than one quizzes, use do-while, as follows:
do{
//do something
//scan the value of quiz quest
//do something
}while(quizquest != 0)
Now, if only answers at even positions are to be checked, do following:
for (int i =0; i <answers.length; i++)
{
System.out.println("Enter the answer to be graded : ");
int toGrade = scan.nextInt();
if(i % 2 == 0 && toGrade == answers[i]){
count++ ;
}
}
Create a loop that asks to grade another quiz: You could use a do-while loop with a boolean indicating if the user (teacher?) wants to grade another quiz:
do{
boolean continue = false;
// check if the user wants to continue
while(continue);
Have it only check/score/calculate every other answer. ie: even answers only: You can check for even answers with the modulo operator:
if(i % 2 == 0){
// even answer
}
Hope this helps!
You should have a variable, perhaps named continue, whose default value is 'Y'. At the very beginning, create a while loop that checks the condition continue==Y, and at the end when you ask "Another quiz to be graded?", read in the input to the variable continue.

How can you check user input validation in Java?

I'm making a simple program that asks the user to input five numbers between 0-19. I would like to add something (like an if statement) after every number to make sure it's within that range. If not, the program should say "please read instructions again" and will then System.exit(0). This is the piece of the code that is relevant:
System.out.println("Please enter 5 numbers between 0 and 19");
System.out.print("1st Number: ");
userNum1 = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("2nd Number: ");
userNum2 = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("3rd Number: ");
userNum3 = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("4th Number: ");
userNum4 = scan.nextInt();
System.out.print("5th Number: ");
userNum5 = scan.nextInt();
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
You can put this after each of your inputs, but you might want to think about putting this logic into its own method, then you can reuse the code and just call it with something like validateInput(userNum1);.
Replace val with your actual variable names.
if (val < 0 || val > 19) {
System.out.println("please read the instructions again");
System.exit(0);
}
First of all, I would create a for-loop that iterates N times, with N being the number of numbers you want to ask for (in your case, 5). Imagine your example with 50 numbers; it would be very repetitive.
Then, when you get each number with scan.nextInt() within your for-loop, you can validate however you want:
if (userNum < 0 || userNum > 19) {
// print error message, and quit here
}
Also, instead of just exiting when they input a number outside the range, you could have your logic inside a while loop so that it re-prompts them for the numbers. This way the user doesn't have to restart the application. Something like:
boolean runApplication = true;
while(runApplication) {
// do your for-loop with user input scanning
}
Then set the runApplication flag as needed based on whether or not the user put in valid numbers.
This code will do the trick for you, i added some securities :
public static void main(String[] args) {
int count = 1;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
List<Integer> myNumbers = new ArrayList<Integer>();
System.out.println("Please enter 5 numbers between 0 and 19");
do {
System.out.println("Enter Number "+count+" ");
if(scan.hasNextInt()){
int input = scan.nextInt();
if(input >= 0 && input <= 19){
myNumbers.add(input);
count++;
}else{
System.out.println("Please read instructions again");
System.exit(0);
}
}else{
scan.nextLine();
System.out.println("Enter a valid Integer value");
}
}while(count < 6);
/* NUMBERS */
System.out.println("\n/** MY NUMBERS **/\n");
for (Integer myNumber : myNumbers) {
System.out.println(myNumber);
}
}
Hope it helps
Since you already know how many numbers you want the user to input, I suggest you use a for loop. It makes your code more elegant and you can add as many more entries as you want by changing the end condition of the loop. The only reason it looks long is because number 1, 2, 3 all end in a different format i.e firST secoND thiRD, but the rest of the numbers all end with TH. This is why I had to implement some if else statements inside the loop.
To explain the code, every time it loops it first tells the user the count of the number he/she is entering. Then numEntry is updated every time the loop loops, therefore you do not need to assign multiple inputs to multiple variables. It is more efficient to update the same variable as you go on. If the input the user inputs is less than 0 OR it is more than 19, the system exits after an error message.
System.out.println("Please enter a number between 0 and 19");
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
for(int i = 1; i <=5; i++){
if(i == 1)
System.out.println("1st Number");
else if(i == 2)
System.out.println("2nd Number");
else if(i == 3)
System.out.println("3rd Number");
else
System.out.println(i + "th Number");
int numEntry = scan.nextInt();
if(numEntry < 0 || numEntry > 19){
System.out.println("Please read instructions again.");
System.exit(1);
}

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