Image flickering upon being repainted by the mouseDragged method - java

As the title suggests, my problem is that I want to be able to drag an image.
In this specific case, I want to drag an image from one JPanel (or rather my own subclass) into another (different) subclass of JPanel. Therefore, I added an MouseListener to my JPanel subclass, so that upon clicking a certain area in the panel, an image is chosen to be painted on the JFrame (subclass). Here's some code so you'll understand my problem:
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
int x = e.getX();
int y = e.getY();
if (x >= 10 && x < 42 && y >= 10 && y < 42) {
image = barracks; //barracks is a predefined image, created in the constructor
dragBuilding = true;
PixelMain.pixelMain.repaint(); //pixelMain is an instance of the JFrame subclass
}
}
//irrelevant code, e.g mouseMoved, ...
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
if (dragBuilding) {
//System.out.println("GPanel mouseDragged");
PixelMain.pixelMain.repaint();
}
}
the JFrame subclass only contains the constructor and the following code:
public void paint(Graphics g) { //i would have used paintComponent, but it seems like JFrame does not have this method ...?
super.paint(g);
if (PixelMain.panelOffense.getDragBuilding()) { //panelOffense is an instance of the JPanel subclass, getDragBuilding returns a boolean that depends on whether the mouse is held down at the moment
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
Rectangle2D tr = new Rectangle2D.Double((int)getMousePosition().getX(), (int)getMousePosition().getY(), 16, 16); //size of the texture
TexturePaint tp = new TexturePaint(PixelMain.panelOffense.getImg(), tr);
g2.setPaint(tp);
Rectangle2D r = (Rectangle2D) new Rectangle((int)getMousePosition().getX(), (int)getMousePosition().getY(), 16, 16); //area to fill with texture
g2.fill(r);
System.out.println("test");
}
}
Before you ask - I did move some code to other classes so it's called less often, but that's not the problem. Even if the paint method only draws a rectangle (directly on Graphics g, not Graphics2D), the rectangle flickers.
If anyone could help me figure out a solution, I'd be very thankful!
Note: I know it's probably not very elegant to draw on a JFrame or a subclass of JFrame, but I personally don't know an alternative.
Note 2: According to google/stackoverflow results or threads that I read, I should use a JPanel, which seems to be double-buffered (whatever that is, I didn't really understand that. but then again, it's almost 11 pm here). Hence, I could probably move all my components to a JPanel to solve the issue, but I wanted to try to solve the problem without doing that.
Note 3: Yes, the code belongs to a (strategy) game I'm writing, but considering that the problem is not really related to game development exclusively, I decided to post it here and not at game development stack exchange.

Related

Painting a group of objects in a JPanel

I'm pretty new to Java and the GUI world. Right now I'm trying to create a really basic space shooter. To create it I started creating a JFrame, in which I've later on put a personal extension of a JPanel called GamePanel, on which I'm now trying to display all my components. Until here it's all pretty clear, the problem comes now: I have my GamePanel in which I display my player, and on the KeyEvent of pressing S the player should shoot the Bullets. I've managed the bullets as an Array, called Shooter[], of Bullet Objects, created by myself this way:
public class Bullet implements ActionListener{
Timer Time = new Timer(20, this);
private int BulletY = 430;
public int PlayerX;
public Rectangle Bound = new Rectangle();
public Bullet(int playerx) {
this.PlayerX = playerx;
Time.start();
}
public void draw(Graphics g){
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillRect(PlayerX + 2, BulletY, 3, 10);
g.dispose();
}
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (Time.isRunning()) {
BulletY = BulletY - 5;
Bound = new Rectangle (PlayerX + 2, BulletY, 3, 10);
}
}
}
I thought that calling the draw method in the GamePanel's paint() method would have allowed me to display both all the bullets shot and the player. What actually happens is that at the start it seems allright, but when I press S the player disappears and just one bullet is shot. Can you explain me why? This is how my paint() method looks like:
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 500, 500);
for(int i = 0; i < BulletsCounter; i++) {
Shooter[i].draw(g);
}
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillRect(PlayerX, PlayerY, 20, 20);
//System.out.println("Here I should have painted the player...");
g.dispose();
}
BulletsCounter is a counter I've created to avoid any NullPointerExceptions in painting the whole array, it increases when S is pressed and so another bullet of the array is initialized and shot.
Thank you for your patience, I'm new to the site, so warn me for any mistake.
You've several significant problems, the biggest given first:
You're disposing a Graphics object given to you by the JVM. Never do this as this will break the painting chain. Instead, only dispose of a Graphics object that you yourself have created.
You're drawing within paint which is not good for several reasons, but especially bad for animation since you don't have automatic double buffering of the image
You don't call the super painting method within your override and thus don't allow the JPanel to do house-keeping painting.
Recommendations:
Don't dispose of the Graphics object, not unless you, yourself, create it, for example if you extract one from a BufferedImage.
Override the JPanel's paintComponent method, not its paint method to give you double buffering and smoother animation.
And call super.paintComponent(g) first thing in your override to allow for housekeeping painting

Graphical Bug with Java Swing - Drawing from a list makes elements jump around

So I was messing with Swing for the first time in a while and I came across a strange issue. So I am adding "shapes" to a list every so often, and then in the paintComponent method of a JPanel I am looping through the list and drawing the shapes. I also draw a shape outside of the for loop for testing purposes.
What happens is the shapes in the for loop will jump around the screen randomly. This only happens when the shapes are drawn in this loop.
What I have tried already:
Updating graphics drivers for both the integrated GPU and discrete GPU
Using java.util.Timer instead of Swing Timer
Using Thread/Runnable
Using things other than ArrayList, such as LinkedList, Vector, and a normal Array.
Trimmed literally everything out of my code except the basics, which is what we're left with here. I was drawing more complex things before when I noticed it.
Changed the timing (PERIOD variable, in millis). It will get worse if I increase or decrease it.
Changed from using System time in milliseconds to the System time in nanoseconds, converted to milliseconds. I know this should be the same but I was running out of ideas.
Here is a gif of the problem (15 seconds long):
image
You'll notice that the small squares will jump around at random intervals. This should not occur. I'm just trying to "spawn" a square at random coords.
Here is the code in a pastebin:
code
I have included all 3 classes in this order: the JPanel class, the Main class (extends JFrame), and the shape class
If any of the links don't work, inform me and I will promptly post other links.
Thanks.
This setup ...
#Override
public final void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
if (this.startTime == -1L) {
this.startTime = Main.timeMillis();
}
final long timeDiff = Main.timeMillis() - this.startTime;
if (this.circlesIndex <= 19 && timeDiff > 2000) {
final int randX = this.rand.nextInt(this.WIDTH);
final int randY = this.rand.nextInt(this.HEIGHT);
this.testShapes.add(new TestShape(randX, randY));
this.startTime = Main.timeMillis();
}
for (TestShape ts : this.testShapes) {
ts.draw(g);
}
g2.setColor(Color.gray);
g2.fill3DRect(350, 400, 100, 60, true);
}
#Override
public final void actionPerformed(final ActionEvent event) {
x++;
if (x > WIDTH) {
x = -50;
}
repaint();
}
is wrong.
Paint is for painting - you should not modify the state of the UI from inside any paint method, do this within your ActionListener. The problem is, your component can be painted for any number of reasons, many of which you don't control or know about

How to move the location of the graphic in JPanel

So I'm creating a game using Javax.swing library for my uni coursework.
I have created a window and I have successfully written code to procedurally generate a game map.
However, I am unable to change the focus of the map. What I mean is that the map is always stuck in one corner of the screen. (IE: Location is set to 0,0, hence the Graphics g (the map) is put in that location going outwards.)
I would like to be able to move the "camera" so that different areas of the map can be viewed by the player.
Bellow I have pasted my method that draws the map onto the screen. Could anyone tell me what I could do to have the camera move at runtime. AKA: to shift the map left or right.
I thought of having a Graphics object that will hold the map, and then I'd only draw a subImage of that Graphics object, but considering how the map will be redrawn every frame (For animation purposes) that just means that I'll have even more graphics to redraw.
The map is 6,400 * 6,400 Pixels
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
try {
for(int x = 0; x < OverworldMap.MAP_X_SIZE; x++){
for(int y = 0; y < OverworldMap.MAP_Y_SIZE; y++){
for(int layer = 0; layer < OverworldMap.MAP_LAYER_SIZE; layer++) {
g.drawImage(OverworldMap.getTileAt(x, y, layer).getSprite(), x * SPRITE_SIZE, y * SPRITE_SIZE, null);
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
LauncherClass.printErrorLog(e);
}
}
The best / easiest way to solve this is to put a JScrollPane around your JPanel, and make the JPanel the size of your image. You don't need to worry about only repainting the right part of your image - Java is pretty smart about only drawing the parts that are on screen. Note that you can show or hide the ScrollBars, but if you hide them you need to add logic to activate scrolling through some other mechanism
You cannot store a Graphics object and use it later. It is only valid for the duration of the paint method to which it is passed.
You can, however, simply offset your painting:
Image sprite = OverworldMap.getTileAt(x, y, layer).getSprite();
g.drawImage(sprite, x * SPRITE_SIZE - playerX, y * SPRITE_SIZE - playerY, this);
(Notice that the last argument to drawImage should be this.)

How to treat a shape painted with an algorithm like an object?

Ok dear folks, i've got this question and i don't really know a certain way to solve it.
I'm doing like a "Paint application" in java, i know everything is ready, but I need to paint the shapes with Computer Graphics Algorithms.
So, the thing is, once the shape is painted in the container how could I convert it like sort of an "Object" to be able to select the shape and move it around (I have to move it with another algorithm) I just want to know how could I know that some random point clicked in the screen belongs to an object, knowing that, I would be able to fill it(with algorithm).
I was thinking that having a Point class, and a shape class, if i click on the screen, get the coordinates and look within all the shapes and their points, but this may not be very efficient.
Any ideas guys ?
Thanks for the help.
Here is some of my code:
public class Windows extends JFrame{
private JPanel panel;
private JLabel etiqueta,etiqueta2;
public Windows() {
initcomp();
}
public void initcomp()
{
panel = new JPanel();
panel.setBounds(50, 50, 300, 300);
etiqueta = new JLabel("Circulo Trigonometrico");
etiqueta.setBounds(20, 40, 200, 30);
etiqueta2 = new JLabel("Circulo Bresenham");
etiqueta2.setBounds(150, 110, 200, 30);
panel.setLayout(null);
panel.add(etiqueta);
panel.add(etiqueta2);
panel.setBackground(Color.gray);
this.add(panel);
this.setLayout(null);
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(400,400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
super.paint(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
g2d.setColor(Color.red);
g2d.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2));
dibujarCirculo_bresenham(g2d, 50, 260, 260);
dibujarCirculo_trigonometrico(g2d, 50, 130, 200);
}
/*This functions paints a Circle*/
public void dibujarCirculo_trigonometrico(Graphics g,int R,int xc,int yc)
{
int x,y;
for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) {
double angulo = Math.toRadians(i);
x = (int) (Math.cos(angulo)*R);
y = (int) (Math.sin(angulo)*R);
g.drawLine(x+xc, y+yc, x+xc, y+yc);
g.drawLine((-x+xc), (-y+yc), (-x+xc), (-y+yc));
}
}
I assume that any image is a valid (isn't constrained to a particular set of shapes). To get an contiguous area with similar properties, try using a flood fill.
To colour in or move a particular shape around, you can use flood fill to determine the set of pixels and manipulate the set accordingly. You can set a tolerance for similar hue, etc so that it's not as rigid as in Paint, and becomes more like the magic selection tool in Photoshop.
There are a couple of approaches to take here depending on what precisely you want.
1) is to have objects, one for each drawn thing on screen, with classes like Circle and Rectangle and Polygon so on. They would define methods like paint (how to draw them on screen), isCLickInsideOf (is a click at this point on screen contained by this shape, given size/position/etc?) and so on. Then, to redraw the screen draw each object, and to test if an object is being clicked on ask each object what it thinks.
2) is, if objects have the property of being uniform in colour, you can grab all pixels that make up a shape when the user clicks on one of the pixels by using a floodfill algorithm. Then you can load these into some kind of data structure, move them around as the user moves the mouse around, etc. Also, if every object is guaranteed to have a unique colour, you can test which object is being clicked on by just looking at colour. (Libraries like OpenGL use a trick like this sometimes to determine what object you have clicked on - drawing each object as a flat colour on a hidden frame and testing what pixel colour under the mouse pointer is)

Moving a rectangle in Swing JPanel: original stays

I'm trying to make a tower of hanoi solver which simply solves the hanoi without any mouse events. The problem is when I move the rectangle the original remains, even after I repaint. I've searched the net and tried changing the code around but nonthing worked. I am using a JFrame with a JPanel inside of it if that changes anything.
I have my disk class here which is just a rectangle with colour.
class Disk extends Rectangle {
Color diskColour;
public Disk(int a, int b, int c, int d, Color colour) {
x = a;
y = b;
width = c;
height = d;
diskColour = colour;
}
public Color getColour() {
return diskColour;
}
public void paintSquare(Graphics g) {
repaint();
g.setColor(diskColour);
g.fillRect(x, y, width, height);
repaint();
}
}
Here is my code where I actually call the paintSquare method:
public void simpleMoveDisk(Disk[] disks, int n, Graphics g) {
disks[n].setLocation(30,25);
disks[n].paintSquare(g);
repaint();
}
The paintSquare method paints the disk, while the setLocation method changes its coordinates.
When this runs the rectangle occurs in the new location, however the old one still remains. Any help is appreciated, thanks in advance.
You are calling repaint() in several places and you shouldn't be.
Have your the top level class that is doing the painting, call the paintSquare method and any other method that is needed. Those methods should not be calling repaint().
Also your simple move disk is really strange in the fact that it passes an array of Disks, an index, and a graphics object. Instead make it just take in a Disk. Just pass it the one out of the array that is needed to be updated. Then let whatever class that calls simpleMoveDisk, separately make a call to repaint instead of trying to paint and update the model in the same method.

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