Direct encode/decode does not result in original data - java

I want to create a RSA key pair and use it for encoding/decoding data. My code is quite short but I cannot find any error.
Can anyone help me finding my problem?
Thanks for every hint!
// Generate key pair.
KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
kpg.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair = kpg.genKeyPair();
PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
// Data to encode/decode.
byte[] original = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.".getBytes("UTF8");
// Encode data with public key.
Cipher cipherEncoder = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/NoPadding");
cipherEncoder.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] encodedData = cipherEncoder.doFinal(original);
// Decode data with private key.
Cipher cipherDecoder = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/NoPadding");
cipherDecoder.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] decodedData = cipherEncoder.doFinal(encodedData);
// Output.
System.out.println(new String("Original data: " + new String(original, "UTF8")));
System.out.println(new String("Encoded/decoded: " + new String(decodedData, "UTF8")));
The output at the end seems to be quirky.

Firstly, you are using the cipherEncoder to decode your data. You probably meant to use cipherDecoder. Secondly, you are going to have issues using RSA without padding (namely, your data will have a load of 0 bytes at the start). I would recommend you at least use PKCS1 padding. Here is the code after those changes.
// Generate key pair.
KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
kpg.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair = kpg.genKeyPair();
PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
// Data to encode/decode.
byte[] original = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.".getBytes("UTF8");
// Encode data with public key.
Cipher cipherEncoder = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
cipherEncoder.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] encodedData = cipherEncoder.doFinal(original);
// Decode data with private key.
Cipher cipherDecoder = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
cipherDecoder.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] decodedData = cipherDecoder.doFinal(encodedData);
// Output.
System.out.println(new String("Original data: " + new String(original, "UTF8")));
System.out.println(new String("Encoded/decoded: " + new String(decodedData, "UTF8")));

Related

How to use passphrase for RSAPrivateKey in JAVA?

I encrypt and decrypt with RSA 2048 keys. But for additional security I need to use passphrase for RSAPrivateKey with a AES 128 method.
I can generate this keys, but I don't know how to use them in JAVA.
In my code I initialize private (witout passphrase) key (public is the same):
String PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_RSA = "src/pri.der";
File privKeyFile = new File(PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_RSA);
// read private key DER file
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(privKeyFile));
byte[] privKeyBytes = new byte[(int) privKeyFile.length()];
dis.read(privKeyBytes);
dis.close();
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
// decode private key
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec privSpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(privKeyBytes);
RSAPrivateKey privKey =(RSAPrivatKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(pubSpec);
And use:
Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.RSA256(pubKey, privKey);
...
I need for any information or examples how to enter there passphrase.
This solution is better for me.
UPDATE
If the link is not working, look for not-yet-commons-ssl.
I used for not-yet-commons-ssl-0.3.11.jar.
For example:
//path to private key file
String PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_RSA = "C:\\Users\\Adey";
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(PRIVATE_KEY_FILE_RSA);
// passphrase - the key to decode private key
String passphrase = "somepass";
PKCS8Key pkcs8 = new PKCS8Key(in, passphrase.toCharArray());
byte[] decrypted = pkcs8.getDecryptedBytes();
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec spec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(decrypted);
RSAPrivateKey privKey = (RSAPrivateKey) KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA").generatePrivate(spec);
You have to use PBE (Password Based Encrytion) to protect private key with a password. After some research that I made for you the following code sample may help you:
//Generating keypairs
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
keyPairGenerator.initialize(1024);
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.genKeyPair();
// extract the encoded private key, this is an unencrypted PKCS#8 private key
byte[] encodedprivkey = keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded();
// We must use a PasswordBasedEncryption algorithm in order to encrypt the private key, you may use any common algorithm supported by openssl, you can check them in the openssl documentation http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/pkcs8.html
String MYPBEALG = "PBEWithSHA1AndDESede";
String password = "pleaseChangeit!";
int count = 20;// hash iteration count
SecureRandom random = new SecureRandom();
byte[] salt = new byte[8];
random.nextBytes(salt);
// Create PBE parameter set
PBEParameterSpec pbeParamSpec = new PBEParameterSpec(salt, count);
PBEKeySpec pbeKeySpec = new PBEKeySpec(password.toCharArray());
SecretKeyFactory keyFac = SecretKeyFactory.getInstance(MYPBEALG);
SecretKey pbeKey = keyFac.generateSecret(pbeKeySpec);
Cipher pbeCipher = Cipher.getInstance(MYPBEALG);
// Initialize PBE Cipher with key and parameters
pbeCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pbeKey, pbeParamSpec);
// Encrypt the encoded Private Key with the PBE key
byte[] ciphertext = pbeCipher.doFinal(encodedprivkey);
// Now construct PKCS #8 EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo object
AlgorithmParameters algparms = AlgorithmParameters.getInstance(MYPBEALG);
algparms.init(pbeParamSpec);
EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo encinfo = new EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo(algparms, ciphertext);
// and here we have it! a DER encoded PKCS#8 encrypted key!
byte[] encryptedPkcs8 = encinfo.getEncoded();
See also Java Cryptography Architecture (JCA) Reference Guide

Exception when Constructing EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo

I have generated a private key and encrypted it with a password. Now I want to load it to EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo, so that I can construct and export it into a PEM format file. Below is the code I use,
final CertAndKeyGen keypair = new CertAndKeyGen("RSA", "SHA1WithRSA", null);
final X500Name x500Name =
new X500Name("IN", "AP", "HYD", "TEST", "TEST_ORG", "test#xyz.com");
keypair.generate(1024);
final PrivateKey privKey = keypair.getPrivateKey();
final X509Certificate[] chain = new X509Certificate[1];
long validity = 123;
chain[0] = keypair.getSelfCertificate(x500Name, new Date(),
validity * 24 * 60 * 60);
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(password.getBytes(), ALGO);
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(ALGO);
c.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
byte[] encVal = c.doFinal(privKey.getEncoded());
AlgorithmParameters params = AlgorithmParameters.getInstance("DES");
params.init(encVal); // <--- exception thrown here
EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo encinfo = new EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo(params, encVal);
// displaying encrypting value
String encryptedValue = Base64.encodeBase64String(encinfo.getEncoded());
System.out.println(encryptedValue);
But while executing the above code, I get the below exception
java.io.IOException: DER input not an octet string
at sun.security.util.DerInputStream.getOctetString(DerInputStream.java:233)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.SunJCE_t.a(DashoA13*..)
at com.sun.crypto.provider.DESParameters.engineInit(DashoA13*..)
at java.security.AlgorithmParameters.init(AlgorithmParameters.java:260)
in the line params.init(encVal);. I don't get what's going wrong from the exception. Any help or suggestion will be really appreciated. Thanks in advance.
A PKCS #8 file containing an encrypted private key has the following ASN.1 structure:
EncryptedPrivateKeyInfo ::= SEQUENCE {
encryptionAlgorithm EncryptionAlgorithmIdentifier,
encryptedData EncryptedData }
Notice how the encrypted data is only part of the total data package. You need to include this data in a sequence along with the encryption algorithm identifier. Your code above produces only the encryptedData part.
I would suggest you consider using BouncyCastle. It looks like they may have improved support for PKCS#8 recently. Here's some sample code:
KeyPairGenerator generator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
KeyPair keyPair = generator.generateKeyPair();
final PrivateKey privKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
JceOpenSSLPKCS8EncryptorBuilder builder =
new JceOpenSSLPKCS8EncryptorBuilder(PKCS8Generator.PBE_SHA1_3DES);
builder.setIterationCount(10000);
builder.setPasssword("Hello, World!".toCharArray());
OutputEncryptor outputEncryptor = builder.build();
PKCS8Generator pkcs8Generator =
new JcaPKCS8Generator(privKey, outputEncryptor);
try (PemWriter writer = new PemWriter(new PrintWriter(System.out))) {
writer.writeObject(pkcs8Generator);
}
This will output an encrypted private key:
-----BEGIN ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY-----

java - get key from byte array

I have a java program that encrypts file content with a random-generated key.
That key is encrpyted with RSA and saved into a text file.
Now, I have a java program that given the file and the keystore where the RSA key is stored, needs to first decrypt the encryped key and then with the key to decrypt the file.
Here's what I have so far:
// Fetch the other public key and decrypt the file encryption key
java.security.cert.Certificate cert2 = keystore.getCertificate("keyForSeckeyDecrypt");
Key secKeyPublicKey = cert2.getPublicKey();
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(secKeyPublicKey.getAlgorithm());
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, secKeyPublicKey);
keyFileFis = new FileInputStream(keyFile);
byte[] encryptedKey = new byte[128];
keyFileFis.read(encryptedKey);
byte[] realFileKey = cipher.doFinal(encryptedKey, 0, encryptedKey.length);
Key realKey = // THE PROBLEM!!!;
keyFileFis.close();
In short, I get the encrypted key from the key text file and decrypt it, now I have the decrypted key as a byte array, how would I make it a Key variable again?
I've generated the key this way:
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding");
KeyGenerator keyGen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
Key secKey = keyGen.generateKey();
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secKey);
And encrypted it this way:
KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
kpg.initialize(1024);
KeyPair kp = kpg.genKeyPair();
PrivateKey privateKey = kp.getPrivate();
Cipher keyCipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
keyCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] encryptedKey = keyCipher.doFinal(secKey.getEncoded());
FileOutputStream keyStream = new FileOutputStream("key.txt");
keyStream.write(encryptedKey);
keyStream.close();
I haven't tried it but from clicking through the API SecretKeySpec could be what you are looking for.
SecretKeySpec(byte[] key, String algorithm)
It can be used to construct a SecretKey from a byte array, without having to go through a (provider-based) SecretKeyFactory.
This class is only useful for raw secret keys that can be represented as a byte array and have no key parameters associated with them, e.g., DES or Triple DES keys.
If I get it right, this should work..
Key privateKey = keyStore.getKey("youralias", "password".toCharArray());
PublicKey publicKey = keyStore.getCertificate("youralias").getPublicKey();
KeyGenerator keyGen = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
Key secKey = keyGen.generateKey();
Cipher keyCipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
keyCipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] encryptedKey = keyCipher.doFinal(secKey.getEncoded());
// Write & Read to/from file!
Cipher decryptCipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
decryptCipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] decryptedKey = decryptCipher.doFinal(encryptedKey);
boolean equals = Arrays.equals(secKey.getEncoded(), new SecretKeySpec(decryptedKey, "AES").getEncoded());
System.out.println(equals?"Successfull!":"Failed!");

Using RSA encryption in Java without BouncyCastle

In my program, I'm trying to encrypt some plaintext with RSA using the following code:
static String RSAEncrypt(String pubkey, String plain){
return encrypt(pubkey,plain,"RSA");
}
static String encrypt(String stringKey, String plain, String algo){
String enc="failed";
try{
byte[] byteKey = new BASE64Decoder().decodeBuffer(stringKey);
Key key = new SecretKeySpec(byteKey,algo);
byte[] data = plain.getBytes();
Cipher c = Cipher.getInstance(algo);
c.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
byte[] encVal = c.doFinal(data);
enc = new BASE64Encoder().encode(encVal);
}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}
return enc;
}
However, when it runs, it shows the following error:
java.security.InvalidKeyException: No installed provider supports this key: javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec
at javax.crypto.Cipher.chooseProvider(Cipher.java:877)
at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1212)
at javax.crypto.Cipher.init(Cipher.java:1152)
at Crypto.encrypt(Crypto.java:37)
at Crypto.RSAEncrypt(Crypto.java:62)
I have tried changing it to RSA/None/PKCS1Padding and RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding to no avail.. I know that installing BouncyCastle may help but I'd like to avoid it (I'd like to avoid more dependencies and I've been having some issues installing it anyway). Thanks in advance for any ideas.
As was said in the comments, SecretKeySpec is for symmetric algorithms only. You mentioned that you got your byte[] containing the key by calling getEncoded.
There are two possibilities and two resulting formats:
Encoding of an RSA PrivateKey
Calling PrivateKey#getEncoded on an instance of an RSA private key will result in a PKCS#8 encoding for private keys, and it can be restored with the help of PKCS8EncodedKeySpec.
Encoding of an RSA PublicKey
PublicKey#getEncoded on an RSA public key results in the generic X.509 public key encoding, and can be restored with X509EncodedKeySpec.
Example Usage
byte[] data = "test".getBytes("UTF8");
KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
kpg.initialize(512);
KeyPair keyPair = kpg.genKeyPair();
byte[] pk = keyPair.getPublic().getEncoded();
X509EncodedKeySpec spec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(pk);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(spec);
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, pubKey);
byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(data);
byte[] priv = keyPair.getPrivate().getEncoded();
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec spec2 = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(priv);
PrivateKey privKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(spec2);
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privKey);
byte[] plain = cipher.doFinal(encrypted);
System.out.println(new String(plain, "UTF8")); //=> "test"

RSA Encryption Problem

Basically, I'm trying to have an encrypted data flow between Java client and a c# server.
Before jumping into the deep water of having a multi platform encryption working, I'm trying to make a simple encryption app but I'm stuck at the very beginning.
I have the following simple code:
String text = "hello";
KeyPairGenerator kpg = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
kpg.initialize(2048);
KeyPair kp = kpg.genKeyPair();
Key publicKey = kp.getPublic();
Key privateKey = kp.getPrivate();
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
byte[] cipherData = cipher.doFinal(text.getBytes());
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA/ECB/NoPadding");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
byte[] textData = cipher.doFinal(text.getBytes());
String decrypted = new String(textData);
System.out.println(decrypted);
No exception is thrown but I don't get the original "hello" text after the decryption.
Any ideas?
10x a lot
This looks fishy:
byte[] textData = cipher.doFinal(text.getBytes());
Did you mean:
byte[] textData = cipher.doFinal(cipherData);

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