Develop Reference

Palindrome in java

Here what I tried
sample input is "aabaa"
eg: in if condition val[0] = a[4]
if it is equal i stored it in counter variable if it is half of the length it original string it is palindrome
if it is not it is not a palindrome
I tried with my basic knowledge in java if there is any errors let me know
boolean solution(String inputString) {
int val = inputString.length();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i<inputString.length(); i++) {
if(inputString.charAt(i) == inputString.charAt(val-i)) {
count = count++;
if (count>0) {
return true;
}
}
}
return true;
}

How about
public boolean isPalindrome(String text) {
String clean = text.replaceAll("\\s+", "").toLowerCase();
int length = clean.length();
int forward = 0;
int backward = length - 1;
while (backward > forward) {
char forwardChar = clean.charAt(forward++);
char backwardChar = clean.charAt(backward--);
if (forwardChar != backwardChar)
return false;
}
return true;
}
From here

In your version you compare first element with last, second with second last etc.
last element in this case is inputString.length()-1(so need to use 'inputString.charAt(val-i-1)' . If you iterate till end, then the count should be equal to length of the string.
for(int i = 0; i<inputString.length(); i++){
if(inputString.charAt(i) == inputString.charAt(val-i-1)){
count ++;
}
}
return (count==val); //true when count=val
Or alternatlively iterate till the mid point of the array, then count value is val/2.
for(int i = 0; i<inputString.length()/2; i++){
if(inputString.charAt(i) == inputString.charAt(val-i-1)){
count ++;
}
}
return (count==val/2); //true when count=val/2

There's no constraints in the question so let me throw in a more cheesy solution.
boolean isPalindrome(String in)
final String inl = in.toLowerCase();
return new StringBuilder(inl).reverse().toString().equals(inl);
}

A palindrome is a word, sentence, verse, or even a number that reads the same forward and backward. In this java solution, we’ll see how to figure out whether the number or the string is palindrome in nature or not.
Method - 1
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String str = "Nitin", revStr = "";
int strLen = str.length();
for (int i = (strLen - 1); i >=0; --i) {
revStr = revStr + str.charAt(i);
}
if (str.toLowerCase().equals(revStr.toLowerCase())) {
System.out.println(str + " is a Palindrome String.");
}
else {
System.out.println(str + " is not a Palindrome String.");
}
Method - 2
class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = 3553, revNum = 0, rem;
// store the number to the original number
int orgNum = n;
/* get the reverse of original number
store it in variable */
while (n != 0) {
remainder = n % 10;
revNum = revNum * 10 + rem;
n /= 10;
}
// check if reversed number and original number are equal
if (orgNum == revNum) {
System.out.println(orgNum + " is Palindrome.");
}
else {
System.out.println(orgNum + " is not Palindrome.");
}

Is there any way to sort the digits of an Integer without any ARRAY in JAVA?

I am trying to sort the digits of an Integer in descending order in JAVA but I am not allowed to use any array.
This was given to me as an assignment in class and below is a code that I tried but failed.
import java.util.Scanner;
class descend
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a=0,loc=0,parse=0,temp=0,big=0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number");
a=scan.nextInt();
String s=Integer.toString(a);
int l=s.length();
for(int i=0;i<l;i++)
{
big=(int)(s.charAt(i));
loc=i;
for(int j=i+1;j<l;j++)
{
parse=(int)(s.charAt(j));
if(parse>big)
{
big = parse;
loc=j;
}
}
temp=parse;
s.charAt(i)=s.charAt(loc);
s.charAt(loc)=temp
}
System.out.print(s);
}
}
Here I get a syntax error at s.charAt(i)=s.charAt(loc); and s.charAt(loc)=temp; that a variable is required but a value is given.
Please help me out with this and I shall always be grateful to you.

Maybe the teacher want to test your knowledge about the new stream API. Or maybe he wants you to test your knowledge about Collections.sort() and LinkedList (which does not contain an internal array).
1.) Here is a solution with stream API:
int number = 52214;
String.valueOf(number).chars()
.sorted()
.map(Character::getNumericValue).forEach(System.out::print);
This will print out:
12245
2.) Here is a solution with collections:
List<Integer> list = new LinkedList<Integer>();
StringCharacterIterator iterator = new StringCharacterIterator(String.valueOf(number));
for (char c = iterator.first(); c != CharacterIterator.DONE; c = iterator.next())
{
list.add(Character.getNumericValue(c));
}
Collections.sort(list);
System.out.println("list=" + list);
This will print out:
list=[1, 2, 2, 4, 5]

String cannot be changed, only replaced, hence a = b; f(b); will never change a.
With 10 digits only, you could iterate, step through, from 0 upto 9 to have the sorting:
int number = ... // or String number
if (number == 0) { // or < 10
System.out.println(number);
} else {
for (int digit = 0; digit <= 9; ++digit) {
// While being able to remove the current digit:
for (;;) {
int scrapedNumber = numberWithoutDigitOnce(number, digit);
if (scrapedNumber == number) {
break;
}
number = scrapedNumber;
System.out.print(digit);
}
}
System.out.println();
}
int numberWithoutDigitOnce(int number, int digit) {
if (number % 10 == digit) {
return number / 10;
}
int n = numberWithoutDigitOnce(number/10, digit)*10 + (number % 10);
}
Zero is a special case.

A recursive solution, you find the highest digit in the String, add it to your output String, and remove it from your input String.
Repeat until your input String is empty.
Removing the character at a given index in a String can be achieve by concatenating the characters before the index and the ones after the index. (Or with a StringBuilder but I agree with the comments on the OP that it would be cheating to use a StringBuilder)
private static String sort(String digitsLeftToSort, String sortedString) {
if(digitsLeftToSort.length() == 0) { // no more character to sort
return sortedString;
} else {
// find the index of the highest digit
int index = findIndexOfHighestDigit(digitsLeftToSort);
// add the character at that index to your output String
sortedString += digitsLeftToSort.charAt(index);
// Remove it from your input String
digitsLeftToSort = digitsLeftToSort.substring(0, index) + digitsLeftToSort.substring(index+1);
// Recursive call with your new Strings
return sort(digitsLeftToSort, sortedString);
}
}
// This finds the index of the highest digit in the given String
private static int findIndexOfHighestDigit(String s) {
int highestDigitValue = -1;
int highestDigitIndex = -1;
int integerValue;
for(int i = 0; i< s.length(); i++) {
integerValue = Character.getNumericValue(s.charAt(i));
if(integerValue > highestDigitValue) {
highestDigitValue = integerValue;
highestDigitIndex = i;
}
}
return highestDigitIndex;
}
Then
String sortedString = sort("462375623478142", "");
System.out.println(sortedString);
Outputs
877665444332221

Sorry, But after applying so much effort, I figured it out.
int n=54321;char ch;
String s=Integer.toString(n);
int l= s.length();
for(int i=48;i<=57;i++) //ascii values from 0 - 9
{
for(int j=0;j<l;j++)
{
ch=s.charAt(j);
if(ch==(char)i) // checking if a digit equals a number
{
System.out.print(ch);
}
}
}
It sorts the digits in ascending order. To sort in descending order we should use
for(int i=57;i>=48;i--)

Increasing number sequence in a string java

Problem: Check if the numbers in the string are in increasing order.
Return:
True -> If numbers are in increasing order.
False -> If numbers are not in increasing order.
The String sequence are :
CASE 1 :1234 (Easy) 1 <2<3<4 TRUE
CASE 2 :9101112 (Medium) 9<10<11<12 TRUE
CASE 3 :9991000 (Hard) 999<1000 TRUE
CASE 4 :10203 (Easy) 1<02<03 FALSE
(numbers cannot have 0 separated).
*IMPORTANT : THERE IS NO SPACES IN STRING THAT HAVE NUMBERS"
My Sample Code:
// converting string into array of numbers
String[] str = s.split("");
int[] numbers = new int[str.length];
int i = 0;
for (String a : str) {
numbers[i] = Integer.parseInt(a.trim());
i++;
}
for(int j=0;j<str.length;j++)
System.out.print(numbers[j]+" ");
//to verify whether they differ by 1 or not
int flag=0;
for(int j=0;j<numbers.length-1;j++){
int result=Integer.parseInt(numbers[j]+""+numbers[j+1]) ;
if(numbers[j]>=0 && numbers[j]<=8 && numbers[j+1]==numbers[j]+1){
flag=1;
}
else if(numbers[j]==9){
int res=Integer.parseInt(numbers[j+1]+""+numbers[j+2]) ;
if(res==numbers[j]+1)
flag=1;
}
else if(result>9){
//do something
}
}
This is the code I wrote ,but I cant understand how to perform for anything except one-digit-numbers ( Example one-digit number is 1234 but two-digit numbers are 121314). Can anyone have a solution to this problem?. Please share with me in comments with a sample code.

I'm gonna describe the solution for you, but you have to write the code.
You know that the input string is a sequence of increasing numbers, but you don't know how many digits is in the first number.
This means that you start by assuming it's 1 digit. If that fails, you try 2 digits, then 3, and so forth, until you've tried half the entire input length. You stop at half, because anything longer than half cannot have next number following it.
That if your outer loop, trying with length of first number from 1 and up.
In the loop, you extract the first number using substring(begin, end), and parse that into a number using Integer.parseInt(s). That is the first number of the sequence.
You then start another (inner) loop, incrementing that number by one at a time, formatting the number to text using Integer.toString(i), and check if the next N characters of the input (extracted using substring(begin, end)) matches. If it doesn't match, you exit inner loop, to make outer loop try with next larger initial number.
If all increasing numbers match exactly to the length of the input string, you found a good sequence.

This is code for the pseudo-code suggested by Andreas .Thanks for the help.
for (int a0 = 0; a0 < q; a0++) {
String s = in.next();
boolean flag = true;
for (int i = 1; i < s.length() / 2; i++) {
int first = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(0, i));
int k=1;
for (int j = i; j < s.length(); j++) {
if (Integer.toString(first + (k++)).equals(s.substring(j, j + i)))
flag = true;
else{
flag=false;
break;
}
}
if (flag)
System.out.println("YES");
else
System.out.println("NO");
}

I would suggest the following solution. This code generates all substrings of the input sequence, orders them based on their start index, and then checks whether there exists a path that leads from the start index to the end index on which all numbers that appear are ordered. However, I've noticed a mistake (I guess ?) in your example: 10203 should also evaluate to true because 10<203.
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class PlayGround {
private static class Entry {
public Entry(int sidx, int eidx, int val) {
this.sidx = sidx;
this.eidx = eidx;
this.val = val;
}
public int sidx = 0;
public int eidx = 0;
public int val = 0;
#Override
public String toString(){
return String.valueOf(this.val);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
assert(check("1234"));
assert(check("9101112"));
assert(check("9991000"));
assert(check("10203"));
}
private static boolean check(String seq) {
TreeMap<Integer,Set<Entry>> em = new TreeMap();
// compute all substrings of seq and put them into tree map
for(int i = 0; i < seq.length(); i++) {
for(int k = 1 ; k <= seq.length()-i; k++) {
String s = seq.substring(i,i+k);
if(s.startsWith("0")){
continue;
}
if(!em.containsKey(i))
em.put(i, new HashSet<>());
Entry e = new Entry(i, i+k, Integer.parseInt(s));
em.get(i).add(e);
}
}
if(em.size() <= 1)
return false;
Map.Entry<Integer,Set<Entry>> first = em.entrySet().iterator().next();
LinkedList<Entry> wlist = new LinkedList<>();
wlist.addAll(first.getValue().stream().filter(e -> e.eidx < seq
.length()).collect(Collectors.toSet()));
while(!wlist.isEmpty()) {
Entry e = wlist.pop();
if(e.eidx == seq.length()) {
return true;
}
int nidx = e.eidx + 1;
if(!em.containsKey(nidx))
continue;
wlist.addAll(em.get(nidx).stream().filter(n -> n.val > e.val).collect
(Collectors.toSet()));
}
return false;
}
}

Supposed the entered string is separated by spaces, then the code below as follows, because there is no way we can tell the difference if the number is entered as a whole number.
boolean increasing = true;
String string = "1 7 3 4"; // CHANGE NUMBERS
String strNumbers[] = string.split(" "); // separate by spaces.
for(int i = 0; i < strNumbers.length - 1; i++) {
// if current number is greater than the next number.
if(Integer.parseInt(strNumbers[i]) > Integer.parseInt(strNumbers[i + 1])) {
increasing = false;
break; // exit loop
}
}
if(increasing) System.out.println("TRUE");
else System.out.println("FALSE");

For loop only runs through one time before finishing program

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class PassGen {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] characters = {"A","B","C","D","E","F","G","H","I","J","K","L","M","N","O","P","Q","R","S","T","U","V","W","X","Y","Z","0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9"};
StringBuilder b = null;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter password length.");
int length = scan.nextInt();
while (length > 20 || length < 6) {
System.out.println("Password must be between 6 and 20 characters long.");
length = scan.nextInt();
}
Random rand = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i <= length; i++) {
int x = rand.nextInt(characters.length) + 1;
b = new StringBuilder(length + 1);
String s = characters[x];
b.append(s);
}
System.out.println("Your password is: " + b.toString());
}
}
For some reason when I run this program it only runs through the for loop once before displaying a single random character regardless of the length entered.

No, the loop is running multiple iterations - but on every iteration, you're creating a new StringBuilder:
// This is inside the loop, but should be outside.
b = new StringBuilder(length + 1);
Note that sometimes, I'd expect the loop to throw an exception - and if it doesn't, you'll end up with a string which is longer than you want anyway. Basically, you have three off-by-one errors... you should have:
b = new StringBuilder(length);
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
int x = rand.nextInt(characters.length);
b.append(characters[x]);
}
Also note that it would be simpler if you just had a string instead of an array of strings, and used charAt:
String characters = "ABCDE...9";
...
int x = rand.nextInt(characters.length());
b.append(characters.charAt(x));

b = new StringBuilder(length + 1);
needs to be outside of the for loop. The way you have it, b is created each time the for loop is run.

You always recreate your b object inside your loop. It will always contain only one character.

interviewstreet.com - String similarity

I'm trying to solve the string similarity question on interviewstreet.com. My code is working for 7/10 cases (and it is exceeding the time limit for the other 3).
Here's my code -
public class Solution {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner user_input = new Scanner(System.in);
String v1 = user_input.next();
int number_cases = Integer.parseInt(v1);
String[] cases = new String[number_cases];
for(int i=0;i<number_cases;i++)
cases[i] = user_input.next();
for(int k=0;k<number_cases;k++){
int similarity = solve(cases[k]);
System.out.println(similarity);
}
}
static int solve(String sample){
int len=sample.length();
int sim=0;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
for(int j=i;j<len;j++){
if(sample.charAt(j-i)==sample.charAt(j))
sim++;
else
break;
}
}
return sim;
}
}
Here's the question -
For two strings A and B, we define the similarity of the strings to be the length of the longest prefix common to both strings. For example, the similarity of strings "abc" and "abd" is 2, while the similarity of strings "aaa" and "aaab" is 3.
Calculate the sum of similarities of a string S with each of it's suffixes.
Input:
The first line contains the number of test cases T. Each of the next T lines contains a string each.
Output:
Output T lines containing the answer for the corresponding test case.
Constraints:
1 <= T <= 10
The length of each string is at most 100000 and contains only lower case characters.
Sample Input:
2
ababaa
aa
Sample Output:
11
3
Explanation:
For the first case, the suffixes of the string are "ababaa", "babaa", "abaa", "baa", "aa" and "a". The similarities of each of these strings with the string "ababaa" are 6,0,3,0,1,1 respectively. Thus the answer is 6 + 0 + 3 + 0 + 1 + 1 = 11.
For the second case, the answer is 2 + 1 = 3.
How can I improve the running speed of the code. It becomes harder since the website does not provide a list of test cases it uses.

I used char[] instead of strings. It reduced the running time from 5.3 seconds to 4.7 seconds and for the test cases and it worked. Here's the code -
static int solve(String sample){
int len=sample.length();
char[] letters = sample.toCharArray();
int sim=0;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
for(int j=i;j<len;j++){
if(letters[j-i]==letters[j])
sim++;
else
break;
}
}
return sim;
}

used a different algorithm. run a loop for n times where n is equals to length the main string. for each loop generate all the suffix of the string starting for ith string and match it with the second string. when you find unmatched character break the loop add j's value to counter integer c.
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
class Solution {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
int T = Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
for (int i = 0; i < T; i++) {
String line = in.readLine();
System.out.println(count(line));
}
}
private static int count(String input) {
int c = 0, j;
char[] array = input.toCharArray();
int n = array.length;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n - i && i + j < n; j++)
if (array[i + j] != array[j])
break;
c+=j;
}
return c;
}
}

I spent some time to resolve this question, and here is an example of my code (it works for me, and pass thru all the test-cases):
static long stringSimilarity(String a) {
int len=a.length();
char[] letters = a.toCharArray();
char localChar = letters[0];
long sim=0;
int sameCharsRow = 0;
boolean isFirstTime = true;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
if (localChar == letters[i]) {
for(int j = i + sameCharsRow;j<len;j++){
if (isFirstTime && letters[j] == localChar) {
sameCharsRow++;
} else {
isFirstTime = false;
}
if(letters[j-i]==letters[j])
sim++;
else
break;
}
if (sameCharsRow > 0) {
sameCharsRow--;
sim += sameCharsRow;
}
isFirstTime = true;
}
}
return sim;
}
The point is that we need to speed up strings with the same content, and then we will have better performance with test cases 10 and 11.

Initialize sim with the length of the sample string and start the outer loop with 1 because we now in advance that the comparison of the sample string with itself will add its own length value to the result.

import java.util.Scanner;
public class StringSimilarity
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Scanner user_input = new Scanner(System.in);
int count = Integer.parseInt(user_input.next());
char[] nextLine = user_input.next().toCharArray();
try
{
while(nextLine!= null )
{
int length = nextLine.length;
int suffixCount =length;
for(int i=1;i<length;i++)
{
int j =0;
int k=i;
for(;k<length && nextLine[k++] == nextLine[j++]; suffixCount++);
}
System.out.println(suffixCount);
if(--count < 0)
{
System.exit(0);
}
nextLine = user_input.next().toCharArray();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}