Converting image X,Y coordinates to longitude and latitude? - java

I have set values of minimum longitude and latitude of a specific static map image. That map image is a cut of some country.
/**
* Maximum longitude value of the map
*/
private float mapLongitudeMax;
/**
* Minimum longitude value of the map
*/
private float mapLongitudeMin;
/**
* Maximum latitude value of the map
*/
private float mapLatitudeMax;
/**
* Minimum latitude value of the map
*/
private float mapLatitudeMin;
And I have a BufferedImage called mapImage.
I have a method that I wrote with a friend that receives longitude and latitude and gives you an X and a Y position approximately on the map so you can draw something on the map.
Now if I want to move my mouse around the map, I want it to show longitude/latitude of my mouse position, that means I need to create a method which converts X and Y of the mouse position to longitude and latitude, which should do the opposite of my other method.
This is my method to convert globe coordinates to image X and Y:
protected Location getCoordinatesByGlobe(float latitude, float longitude) {
/**
* Work out minimum and maximums, clamp inside map bounds
*/
latitude = Math.max(mapLatitudeMin, Math.min(mapLatitudeMax, latitude));
longitude = Math.max(mapLongitudeMin, Math.min(mapLongitudeMax, longitude));
/**
* We need the distance from 0 or minimum long/lat
*/
float adjLon = longitude - mapLongitudeMin;
float adjLat = latitude - mapLatitudeMin;
float mapLongWidth = mapLongitudeMax - mapLongitudeMin;
float mapLatHeight = mapLatitudeMax - mapLatitudeMin;
float mapWidth = mapImage.getWidth();
float mapHeight = mapImage.getHeight();
float longPixelRatio = mapWidth / mapLongWidth;
float latPixelRatio = mapHeight / mapLatHeight;
int x = Math.round(adjLon * longPixelRatio) - 3;// these are offsets for the target icon that shows.. eedit laterrr #oz
int y = Math.round(adjLat * latPixelRatio) + 3; //
// turn it up
y = (int) (mapHeight - y);
return new Location(x, y);
}
Now I tried thinking, the first thought that came into my head is just doing the same in reverse... so I started doing it and I ran into problems like, I can't get the value of adjLon or adjLat without having the longitude or latitude, so this can't be simply done by reversing it. I am all new to coordinates systems so it's all a bit confusing for me but I am starting to catch it up.
Any tips for me?
EDIT (Its not possible?)
According to this answer, you can't really get real results because the earth is not flat, it can't really be converted to a flat map with longitude and latitude without implementing a real mathematical algorithm to make it work with the changes.
There are few reasons in my code why the answer can not be exact:
Because of the reason above
Because my X,Y values are integers and not floats.
So my question now, if it is really impossible with my method?

Sadly, there's not an easy answer to this. While you can write the projection routines yourself, the easiest thing to do is probably to get a GIS library, but since I ended up doing this in C# and not Java, I don't know what's available.
The biggest piece of information you need is exactly which projection your map image uses. The Mercator Projection is quite popular, but it's not the only one. You also need to make sure that your chosen projection works for the range of latitudes and longitudes you want. The Mercator projection kind of breaks if you start going above +-70 N, so if you're doing a lot of positions at the poles that might not be the projection for you.

From what i read in your code, your image is in longitude/latitude coordinates, and you draw it on a canvas to be display on screen. Then you add your listener on this image is that correct ?
if this is correct the response is trival, as you can retrieve the X/Y position in your image via MouseListener method on Canvas and transform it base on the position of the mouse inside the canvas (methode getX/getY from mouseEvent) and the current dimension of the canvas and then translate this position within the bound of longitude/latitude.
longitude = minLongitude + (MouseEvent.getX/Canvas.Width)*maxLongitude
lalitude = minLaltitude + (MouseEvent.getY/Canvas.Height)*maxLatitude
If not then you will have to know as #ginkner say the projection technique use to pass from long/lat to X/Y and take the inverse transformation knowing that you will lost some information.

There is a difference between geography coordinate and geometry coordinate it is quite like the 3D earch surface and a canvas to draw on. The web Mercator projection or other popular projection coordinate systems are used for an abstraction of visualization of the earth surface. So that pixel shift in different location would result in different distances.
If you are looking for a some basic GIS java library to handle this type of problem, Geotools in Java could be one option. GeoTools

Related

X Y distance from longitude and latitude

I have two set's of longitude and latitude, i am desperately trying to figure out how many meters point A is displaced from point B, horizontally and vertically.
My goal would be have to +/-X and +/-Y values - I already have the shortest distance between the two points via Location.distanceBetween()....i thought i could use this with the Location.bearingTo() to find the values im looking for via basic trigonometry.
My thinking was i could use the bearing as angle A, 90 degrees as angle C and legnth of Side C (distanceBetween) to calculate the legnth of side A (x axis) and B (y axis) but the results were underwhelming to say the least lol
//CALCULATE ANGLES
double ANGLE_A;
ANGLE_A = current_Bearing; //Location.bearingTo()
ANGLE_A = ANGLE_A*Math.PI/180; //CONVERT DEGREES TO RADIANS
double ANGLE_C;
ANGLE_C = 90; // Always Right Angle
ANGLE_C = ANGLE_C*Math.PI/180; //CONVERT DEGREES TO RADIANS
double ANGLE_B;
ANGLE_B = 180 - ANGLE_A - ANGLE_C; // 3 sides of triangle must add up to 180, if 2 sides known 3rd can be calced
ANGLE_B = ANGLE_B*Math.PI/180; //CONVERT DEGREES TO RADIANS
//CALCULATE DISTANCES
double SIDE_C = calculatedDistance; //Location.distanceTo()
double SIDE_A = Math.sin(ANGLE_A) * SIDE_C /Math.sin(ANGLE_C);
double SIDE_B = Math.sin(ANGLE_B)*SIDE_C/Math.sin(ANGLE_C);
What im noticing is that my bearing changes very little between the two points regardless of how we move, though mind you im testing this at 10 - 100m distance, its always at 64.xxxxxxx and only the last few decimals really change.
All the online references i can find always look at computing the shortest path, and although this awesome site references x and y positions it always ends up combining them into shortest distance again
Would SUPER appreciate any pointers in the right direction!
Since the earth is not flat, your idea with 90 degree angles will not work properly.
What might be better, is this.
Lets say your 2 known points A and B have latitude and longitude latA, longA and latB, longB.
Now you could introduce two additional points C and D with latC = latA, longC = longB, and latD = latB, longD = longA, so the points A, B, C, D form a rectangle on the earth's surface.
Now you can simply use distanceBetween(A, C) and distanceBerween(A, D) to get the required distances.
It may be possible to utilize Location.distanceBetween(), if following conditions meet,
the points are located far apart from polar regions and
distance is short enough (compared to radius of the Earth).
The way is very simple. Just fix either longitude or latitude and vary only the other. Then calculate distance.
Location location1 = new Location("");
Location location2 = new Location("");
location1.setLatitude(37.4184359437);
location1.setLongitude(-122.088038921);
location2.setLatitude(37.3800232707);
location2.setLongitude(-122.073230422);
float[] distance = new float[3];
Location.distanceBetween(
location1.getLatitude(), location1.getLongitude(),
location2.getLatitude(), location2.getLongitude(),
distance
);
double lat_mid = (location1.getLatitude() + location2.getLatitude()) * 0.5;
double long_mid = (location1.getLongitude() + location2.getLongitude()) * 0.5;
float[] distanceLat = new float[3];
Location.distanceBetween(
location1.getLatitude(), long_mid,
location2.getLatitude(), long_mid,
distanceLat
);
float[] distanceLong = new float[3];
Location.distanceBetween(
lat_mid, location1.getLongitude(),
lat_mid, location2.getLongitude(),
distanceLong
);
double distance_approx = Math.sqrt(
Math.pow(distanceLong[0], 2.0) + Math.pow(distanceLat[0], 2.0)
);
Compare distance[0] and distance_approx, check whether accuracy meets your requiement.
If your points are close enough, you may easily calculate x-y distances from latitude / longitude once you know that 1 degree of latitude is 111km, and one degree of longitude is 111km * cos(latitude):
y_dist = abs(a.lat - b.lat) * 111000;
x_dist = abs(a.lon - b.lon) * 111000 * cos(a.lat);
For short distances we could easily ignore that earth is not exactly a sphere, the error is approximately 0.1-0.2% depending on your exact location.
There is no valid answer to this question until you define what projection.
The azimuth of a "straight" line varies along the route unless you are travelling exactly due south or due north. You can only calculate the angles at each node, or azimuth at a specific point along the route. Angles at the nodes will not add up to 180° because you're referring to an ellipsoidal triangle, and calculating an ellipsoidal triangle is a multiple-step process that in all honesty, is better left to the libraries out there such as OSGEO.
If you want to fit the geometry to a plane Cartesian, it is usually using the Lambert projection for areas mostly long on east and west directions, and Transverse Mercator on longer north to south projections. The entire Earth is mapped in the UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) that will give you Cartesian coordinates anywhere, but in no case will you get perfect Eucldian geometry when dealing with geodetics. For instance, if you go south 10 miles, turn left 90° and go east for 10 miles, turn left 90° again, you can be anywhere from 10 miles from your starting point, to exactly back to where you started, if that point happened to be the North pole. So you may have a mathematically beautiful bearing on the UTM coordinate plane, but on the ground, you cannot turn the same angles as the UTM geometry indicates and follow that same path on ground. You will either follow a straight line on the ground and a curved line on a cartesian plane, or vice-versa.
You could do a distance between two points on the same northings and separately, the same eastings, and derive a north distance and an east distance. However, in reality the angles of this triangle will make sense only on paper, and not on the globe. If a plane took off at the bearing calculated by such a triangle, it would arrive in the wrong continent.

Screen X,Y co-ordinates translated to map Lon/Lat co-ordinates

Good day.
I would like to convert a screen x,y pixel location (the location a user tapped/clicked) to a lon/lat location on a map.
The current screen location is in a bounding box, of which you have the top left most and bottom right most lon/lat values.
When the screen is not rotated it is quite simple to translate the x/y position to the lon,lat values:
Let mapboudingbox[0,1] contain top left most lat/lon
mapboundingbox[2,3] contains bottom right most lat/lon
Then the degrees per pixel width = abs(lon2 - lon1)/ screenWidthInPixels
Then the degrees per pixel height = abs(lat2 - lat1)/ screenHeightInPixels
From this you can then get Lon/Lat as follow:
float longitude = ((touchXInPixels) * degreesPerPixelWidth) + mapBoundingBox[1];
float latitude = ((touchYPixels) * degreesPerPixelHeight) + mapBoundingBox[0];
This is easy enough. The problem that I have is calculating the Lat/Lon values when the screen is rotated, i.e:
From this, you can see that the screen has now been rotated by an angle Ө. -180 < Ө < 180
So let's assume the user clicks/taps on the screen FQKD at point Sx,Sy. How can I get the new lon/lat values where the user clicked, assuming that we have point Z and R in Lat/Lon, as well as the angle Ө, as well as the screen height and width in pixels?
Any and all help will be much appreciated!
I would just modify standard rotation and scale algorithm for 2D. Read a bit here:
2dTransformations.
The easiest way to achieve this is with matrices.
A 3x3 matrix can describe the rotation, translation & scale in 2D space.
Using this matrix you can project your map image on to the screen area. And using the inverse of the matrix, you can take a point in screen space to map space.
Pseudocode: (as you don't care what language)
Build your matrix:
var matrix = Matrix.newIdentity();
matrix.postAppendTranslate(tx, ty);
matrix.postAppendScale(zoom);
matrix.postAppendRotate(rot);
Render map image using that matrix.
To reverse a press:
var inverseMatrix = matrix.inverse();
var point = new float[]{touchPointX, touchPointY, 1};
var transformedPoint = inverseMatrix.multiply(point);
var mapX = transformedPoint[0];
var mapY = transformedPoint[1];

Android Google Maps: Combine scrollBy with zoomBy for simultaneous pan & zoom

I'd like to both zoom and scroll a GoogleMap object at the same time. Unfortunately, it seems like if I just make two moveCamera calls (one after another), only the second call appears to take effect.
An alternative approach would be to pass a CameraPosition, but unfortunately it looks like the CameraPosition constructor does not take an argument that deals with an amount to scroll (which is invariant to the zoom level), but only an argument as to what lat/lon to go to.
Is there some clever way to combine/concatenate CameraUpdate objects so I can just issue one moveCamera command that does both a pan and a zoom?
I assume something like this is possible because you can do it when you're touching the map. You put down two fingers, and you can zoom in/out by spreading your fingers and pan by moving them both simultaneously.
It looks like your best option will be to modify the CameraPosition object returned when you call GoogleMap.getCameraPosition(). However, you won't be able to just increment that latitude and longitude of the CameraPosition object by the number of pixels you scrolled. You'll have to get the CameraPosition's LatLng coordinates, convert that to a Point object using the Projection class, modify the Point, and then convert it back into a LatLng object.
For example:
GoogleMap map; // This is your GoogleMap object
int dx; // X distance scrolled
int dy; // Y distance scrolled
float dz; // Change in zoom level
float originalZoom;
CameraPosition position = map.getCameraPosition();
Project projection = map.getProjection();
LatLng mapTarget = position.target;
originalZoom = position.zoom;
Point mapPoint = projection.toScreenLocation(mapTarget);
mapPoint.x += dx;
mapPoint.y += dy;
mapTarget = projection.fromScreenLocation(mapPoint);
CameraPosition newPosition = new CameraPosition(position)
.target(mapTarget)
.zoom(originalZoom+dz)
.build();
map.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newCameraPosition(newPosition));
There is this method newLatLngZoom (LatLng latLng, float zoom), which will zoom to the point located at latLng. For your case of zooming to a point P that is off the center, it is able to do it with some math involves.
To reverse thinking about the problem, we know the screen coordinate of the map center C after the zoom so that we know the LatLng of C. This LatLng needs to be passed in to the newLatLngZoom method so that it will center to the point and P is the same as before (which is as we defined the problem, zoom to P). So we need to find the screen coordinate of C before the zoom.
Let's assume the zoom value before zoom is z1, and after zoom is z1 + dz. Google map API states that at zoom level N, the width of the world is approximately 256*2^N dp. So the width of the world before is 256*2^z1, and after is 256*2^(z1 + dz).
We also know that the ratio of the distance of P to C to the whole world doesn't change before and after the zoom. The coordinate of C after the zoom is just center of your map view, which is known. Let's assume coordinate of C before the zoom as (Cx, Cy), then we can have our equation as (Px - Cx) / 256*2^z1 = (Px - C'x) / 256*2^(z1 + dz), and (Py - Cy) / 256*2^z1 = (Py - C'y) / 256*2^(z1 + dz). I ignore the aspect ratio to transfer width to height, because it will be cancelled out as you solve the equation.
Solve the equation for Cx and Cy, and use that value as your parameters in newLatLngZoom. If you want to add panning and you know the dx dy value that needs to be panned, then just calculate the dx' dy' in the map after the zoom and add that to C.

LWJGL first person camera using jBullet

I've got a camera set up, and I can move with WASD and rotate the view with the mouse. But now comes the problem: I want to add physics to the camera/player, so that it "interacts" with my other jBullet objects. How do I do that? I thought about creating a RigidBody for the camera and storing the position there, so that jBullet can apply its physics to the camera. Then, when I need to change something (the position), I could simply change it in the RigidBody. But I didn't find any methods for editing the position.
Can you push me in the right direction or maybe give me an example source code?
I was asking the same question myself a few days ago. My solution was as Sierox said. To create a RigidBody of BoxShape and add that to the DynaicsWorld. To move the camera arund, apply force to its rigidbody. I have damping set to .999 for linear and 1 for angular to stop the camera when no force is applied, i.e. the player stops pressing the button.
I also use body.setAngularFactor(0); so the box isn't tumbling all over the place. Also set the mass really low as not to interfere too much with other objects, but still be able to jump on then and run into them, and otherwise be affected by them.
Remember to convert your x,y, and z coordinates to cartesian a plane so you move in the direction of the camera. i.e.
protected void setCartesian(){//set xyz to a standard plane
yrotrad = (float) (yrot / 180 * Math.PI);
xrotrad = (float) (xrot / 180 * Math.PI);
float pd = (float) (Math.PI/180);
x = (float) (-Math.cos(xrot*pd)*Math.sin(yrot*pd));
z = (float) (-Math.cos(xrot*pd)*Math.cos(yrot*pd));
//y = (float) Math.sin(xrot*pd);
}//..
public void forward(){// move forward from position in direction of camera
setCartesian();
x += (Math.sin(yrotrad))*spd;
z -= (Math.cos(yrotrad))*spd;
//y -= (Math.sin(xrotrad))*spd;
body.applyForce(new Vector3f(x,0,z),getThrow());
}//..
public Vector3f getThrow(){// get relative position of the camera
float nx=x,ny=y,nz=z;
float xrotrad, yrotrad;
yrotrad = (float) (yrot / 180 * Math.PI);
xrotrad = (float) (xrot / 180 * Math.PI);
nx += (Math.sin(yrotrad))*2;
nz -= (Math.cos(yrotrad))*2;
ny -= (Math.sin(xrotrad))*2;
return new Vector3f(nx,ny,nz);
}//..
to jump just use body.setLinearVelocity(new Vector3f(0,jumpHt,0)); and set jumpHt to whatever velocity you wish.
I use getThrow to return a vector for other objects i may be "throwing" on screen or carrying. I hope I answered your question and didn't throw in too much non-essential information.I'll try and find the source that gave me this idea. I believe it was on the Bullet forums.
------- EDIT ------
Sorry to have left that part out
once you have the rigid body functioning properly you just have to get it's coordinates and apply that to your camera for example:
float mat[] = new float[16];
Transform t = new Transform();
t = body.getWorldTransform(t);
t.origin.get(mat);
x = mat[0];
y = mat[1];
z = mat[2];
gl.glRotatef(xrot, 1, 0, 0); //rotate our camera on teh x-axis (left and right)
gl.glRotatef(yrot, 0, 1, 0); //rotate our camera on the y-axis (up and down)
gl.glTranslatef(-x, -y, -z); //translate the screen to the position of our camera
In my case I'm using OpenGL for graphics. xrot and yrot represent the pitch and yaw of your camera. the code above gets the world transform in the form of a matrix and for the purposes of the camera you need only to pull the x,y, and z coordinates then apply the transform.
from here, to move the camera, you can set the linear velocity of the rigid body to move the camera or apply force.
Before you read this answer I would like to mention that I have a problem with the solution stated in my answer. You can follow my question about that problem so that you can have the solution too if you use this answer.
So. First, you need to create a new BoxShape:
CollisionShape cameraHolder = new BoxShape(SIZE OF CAMERAHOLDER);
And add it to your world so that it interacts with all the other objects. Now you need to change all the methods about camera movement (not rotation) so that the methods move your cameraHolder but not your camera. Then set the position of your Camera to the position of the cameraHolder.
Again, if you have a problem where you can't move properly, you can check my question and wait for an answer. You also can find a better way of doing this.
If you have problems or did not understand something about the answer, please state it as a comment.

get x y coordinates of image of particular longitude latitude and vice versa

hi I have image of my house.Top view image.I want to have latitude lotitude info displayed when i click on the image.
I do have latitude longitude value for 1 left top part of image.
Also how to maintain latitude longitude values while zooming in out of the image.
Lat/lon is a geodesic coordinate system (WGS84), which means it is curved coordinates going around the earth - an image is flat, which means typically you can't easily go directly between the two. However it may be the case that an image of your house is so small area, that the calculation error will be small enough to be negligible (depending on what you need it for).
To do what you want to do, you need to find a "degrees per pixel" value which means you need to know the lat/lon for both top/left and bottom right of your image. If you have that it's simple. This assumes you're in the northern hemisphere:
var degreesPerPixelX = bottomX - topX / imageWidth;
var degreesPerPixelY = bottomY - topY / imageHeight;
And an event handler (the getEventOffsetFromImageXXX are not shown).
function onClick (evt) {
var x = getEventOffsetFromImageLeft(evt);
var y = getEventOffsetFromImageTop(evt);
var clickedLon = topX + x * degreesPerPixelX;
var clickedLat = bottomY + y * degreesPerPixelY;
}
The zoom level will affect the top/left bottom/right lon/lat so the calculations need to adjust accordingly.
When Google Maps calculate x/y to lon/lat they internally ALWAYS first convert the lon/lat to the coordinate system Spherical Mercator (EPSG:900913), do the operations in that system and then convert back. However Spherical Mercator has fixed zoom levels, which is probably not right for you. Nevertheless, this is a very worthwhile read.
http://www.maptiler.org/google-maps-coordinates-tile-bounds-projection/
N.b. degreesPerPixel is called resolution in google talk and the unit is meters per pixel. Meter is the unit in Spherical Mercator, which roughly translates to a meter at the equator, but is far from a meter the further north/south you get.
Anyone how abt this code snippet
function longToX(longitudeDegrees)
{
var longitude=longitudeDegrees-baselong;
longitude =degreesToRadians(longitude);
return (radius * longitude);
}
function latToY(latitudeDegrees)
{
var latitude=latitudeDegrees-baselat;
latitude =degreesToRadians(latitude);
var newy = radius/2.0 *
Math.log( (1.0 + Math.sin(latitude)) /
(1.0 - Math.sin(latitude)) );
return newy;
}
function xToLong(xx)
{
var longRadians = xx/radius;
var longDegrees = radiansToDegrees(longRadians);
var rotations = Math.floor((longDegrees + 180)/360)
var longitude = longDegrees - (rotations * 360)
return longitude+baselong;
}
function yToLat(yo)
{
var latitude = (Math.PI/2) - (2 * Math.atan(Math.exp(-1.0 * yo /this.radius)));
return radiansToDegrees(latitude)+baselat;
}

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