I've to develop some functionality to client side of web service using SOAP. I'm using jaxws-maven-plugin to generate client side class files and I'd like to use raw xml-files to simulate the end point response when testing. Is this possible to do without some external tools like SoapUI?
Yes this is possible. Set up an Endpoint during unit-testing and mock using for example Mockito. I've put up a simple JUnit Rule project which does this: mockito-soap-cxf
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What is the best way to test REST services in Java? What approaches and tool set do developers usually take?
Also if you are writing rest clients that call into third party REST services. What is the best way to test REST clients. Do you have JUnit tests that communicate with a third party REST service. You could run into the risk of service not being available/or production REST service cannot be access without certain credentials.
I suggest that you take a look at REST Assured for automated testing of REST services. The following example is copied from it's web page:
For example if your HTTP server returns the following JSON at “http://localhost:8080/lotto/{id}”:
{
"lotto":{
"lottoId":5,
"winning-numbers":[2,45,34,23,7,5,3],
"winners":[
{
"winnerId":23,
"numbers":[2,45,34,23,3,5]
},
{
"winnerId":54,
"numbers":[52,3,12,11,18,22]
}
]
}
}
You can easily use REST Assured to validate interesting things from response:
#Test public void
lotto_resource_returns_200_with_expected_id_and_winners() {
when().
get("/lotto/{id}", 5).
then().
statusCode(200).
body("lotto.lottoId", equalTo(5),
"lotto.winners.winnerId", containsOnly(23, 54));
}
See the getting started and usage guides for more information.
If you have implemented your server app using Spring Boot, you may also find the blog post about Integrating Testing a Spring Boot Application that I wrote a couple of years ago interesting. It shows how Spring Boot test support starts an embedded web server and deploys the application to it before executing REST Assured based tests against the REST API. In other words, neither do you have to manually start a web server, nor do you need to re-deploy the app between tests. As a matter of fact, you do not even have to create a .war or .jar file between your code changes in order to validate REST API changes.
1. What is the best way to test REST services in Java? What approaches and tool set do developers usually take?
You can test your rest services by first testing the actual code and functionality of the service itself and make sure it is functioning properly using any unit testing library applicable to your project.
Next, you would publish the REST service and try accessing the RESTful methods using a http client of some sort.
Generally, the easiest way is just a plain old browser. Type in the url and information if it is a GET or PUT based request. If it is a post, you can use browser plugins or dev tools to help add data to the body of the request or header as needed and validate you are getting the response you expect. If it works in a browser, it should perform similarly with any HTTP capable client you choose.
2. Also if you are writing rest clients that call into third party REST services. What is the best way to test REST clients. Do you have JUnit tests that communicate with a third party REST service. You could run into the risk of service not being available/or production REST service cannot be access without certain credentials.
You can generally use any sort of Http Client library you wish based on the language you are using. The main pitfall to look out for with testing of a REST client is to make sure you are capturing the Response returned by the REST service and checking the status. If it is good, you will get a 200, server error 500, etc. etc.
I recommend taking a look at W3C or Wikipedia status code information https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_status_codes or https://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html.
Further, you should understand the types of responses that are possible to be returned from the particular service. This should be available in the api documentation for the service. The api should also explain any sort of credentials or requirements that need to be passed through the header or as a parameter to the REST call.
Understanding how REST works and HTTP in general would be good starting points.
There are several ways to test REST API, depends on your needs:
Jersey Test - you can execute and test REST API calls with in-memory HTTP server. You'll need to mock your code - use Mockito (Jersey 1.19 Test configuration - mock classes) or in-memory testing database.
Rest Assured - the main drawback is that you need to run REST API project separately/individually from tests (RestAssured testing without running Tomcat)
Tools with UI - SOAP UI or Postman
Swagger - generates interactive documentation - web page where you execute REST methods with prepared data according annotated methods in a code.
Use Spring Boot for developing REST services. It has various tools for testing which you can use out of the box without excessive configuration.
You can create a REST Service mock using SoapUI. Also, if you needed to run this test through maven, you can use soapui-maven-plugin to instanciate do soapui service automatically
For part 2 in your question, the correct answer depends on various factors. You would want to consider both the resolution of the mocking and the time spent writing and maintaining the tests.
Client library
The choice of HTTP-client will affect your options - some klients (like Spring RestTemplate) offer built-in mocking support. If you have a service definition like a swagger or RAML file, you'd want to generate the client.
Project configuration
The most thorough way is to actually let the application make HTTP calls to real endpoints, involving the full stack. If so, configure your project so that the client URLs are injected in a per-environment (or profile) fashion.
Mock endpoints
You want mocking per unit test. No 'deployable mocks' which serve multiple unit-tests. Services are mocked on a localhost port - preferably randomly selected so that parallell testing is possible (i.e. on jenkins).
Mock data
To save time, for deep data structures, it is very desirable that mock data is read from a file, rather than constructed programmatically. Files are much easier to work with, especially if you enable request/response logging, fixing bugs and so is faster.
Mocking
Some frameworks are loosely coupled to the service, as in they are strictly not aware of the nature of the service. Typically you'd mock a respons at some path which is coded in the unit test. This is like Wiremock and most of the test frameworks I've seen.
Whereas other tools work directly on class service definitions, basically you'd use a tool like Mockito to mock an object directly (but wrapped in a real endpoint). This should be less error prone, but requires the classes to be present (as test dependencies). I've written a tool like that, for comparison.
I have a WSDL that has a handful of methods that I want to test. I was wondering if there is a way to write service requests and send them directly to the WSDL through Java? I could then parse the response to validate the success of the tests. I know that you can do this through soap UI but the problem I have with this is that I want multiple people who use this service to be able to run these tests and not everyone is using the same version of Soap UI. They are also going to be data driven tests so I want to be able to handle large data sets in cvs/xls files through java automatically instead of manually.
Any advice on where to begin?
Thanks
1.) Generate your webservices stub classes from your WSDL with the tool of your joice (for example wsimport).
In the simplest way this looks like this:
wsimport.exe -d <Path2StoreGeneratedStubs> -s <Path2StoreSourceFiles> -keep <Path2YourWsdl>
2.) Use those classes from within your JUnit tests to directly talk with your webservice.
So for your JUnit youre basicially on the client-side of your webservice. You want to generate stub classes to allow you to talk to your webservice but instead of writing a nice client application you are just using those Stubs for TestCases (just pseudo...) like this:
#Test
public void testPingMethod(){
MyService service = new MyServiceImpl();
MyPingResponse res = service.ping();
Assert.assertNotNull(res);
}
So MyService/ MyPingResonse in this example would be generated from the WSDL while the (also just an example) of the Assert would verify your Webservice sends back a response fo this request.
If you never had to write client code i recomend you do a 5min. Tutorial on the topic since its pretty easy to use an existing webservice :)
How can I create an Endpoint for a web service? I am a beginner to the web services world.
I have got the WSDL and I would like to create a web service based on that WSDL. I have used Apache CXF to generate client stubs. What would be the next steps to test it as a service?
How can I create EndPoints?
How can I mimic the WSDL soapbind address locally and test it?
Let me clarify the Question. Looks like there is confusion. Thanks #Buhake Sindi for point it out.
I have got the WSDL and generated the Client stubs by using Apache CXF Framework in Eclipse. I need to test the WebService client code whether its working or not. How to test this approach now? My WSDL URL is not working at this moment.
How to test my client stub(from generated Impl Class)?
Do I need to create any Endpoints to mimic the WSDL URL(which is not running now)?
Hope the Question is clear now...
You can test client code even without creating web service implementation also. Are you aware of SoapUI tool? Use that to import the wsdl to create a project.
It gives you the option to create a mock service also along with the request. You can run that mock service and test your client against that service without writing any service code. I use it for testing all the time. Also you can create Success, Failure, and Fault response to test different scenarios. Mock service will also show you the request received by the service. This feature works like a charm. Let me know if you need help in setting up mock service in SoapUI.
You may follow this link to get started:
http://www.soapui.org/Getting-Started/mock-services.html
You run wsdl2java from CXF to generate server-side stubs. Then you fill in the code in the stubs. Then you set up a service to deploy.
There is no mechanism I know if that will create mock services. What would you expect them to do?
See the samples from the CXF distribution, particularly the wsdl-first samples.
A better approach would be to use JMock to mock the client side SEI, and not try to come up with a dummy service.
I am doing a project using Java and BPEL. I successfully created webservices in Java and integrated them using BPEL. All i generated a single output WSDL file. Now, I have to use this output WSDL file in my application using SOAP communication. How can i do that? Is there any help out side for such scenarios? Walkthroughs are really appreciated..
Depending on the architecture of your application (Standard Java, Spring-based, ...) there might or not be a documented procedure to consume a SOAP-based webservice.
On the other hand, you're always free to pick a webservice development framework to handle that. For instance, you could pick either CXF or AXIS2 (I believe these are the two most popular frameworks for Java WebServices). Each of these frameworks provides a tool called "wsdl2java" that helps you generate client-side/server-side/both Java classes. Then, you can easily add those classes and the requireds libraries to your application.
Having used CXF in the past, It even does provide several way to consume a webservice
Generating the client-side classes
Using CXF dynamic client factory : basically, you'll retrieve an endpoint proxy from a factory object.
Hope that'll help
I start with SoapUI (or downloadable from sourceforge), that will let you consume the WSDL and fire off requests against your server. Typically I'm hitting someone else's webservice, and trying to figure out what the data looks like before I start wiring my code together, but in your case its just a verification that the services would be/are working.
Then, as #KHY said, you can automatically convert the wsdl into java with a wsdl2java and start coding (look under the Related list on the right panel of this SO screen)
If it is a Java application, then the easiest way to consume a service is using JAX-WS. It's really easy to create a Web service client from WSDL.
See this link
Once you deploy the BPEL project on server, then refer the WSDL with http://server:port/application/YourBPELProjectService?WSDL in the consuming application. You will need to write different client code based on the BPEL type - Synchronous, Asynchronous etc.
Here are some tools that I have found to test web services consumers:
http://www.soapui.org/
https://wsunit.dev.java.net/
Are there any others? I would prefer testing frameworks that are written in Java or Python.
I have used soapui by a maven plugin. It can create junit-linke reports to be run and analysed like unit tests. This can be easily integrated in continious build, also with the free distribution of soapui.
I've used Web Service Studio.
Web Service Studio is a tool to invoke web methods interactively. The
user can provide a WSDL endpoint. On clicking button Get the tool
fetches the WSDL, generates .NET proxy from the WSDL and displays the
list of methods available. The user can choose any method and provide
the required input parameters. On clicking Invoke the SOAP request is
sent to the server and the response is parsed to display the return
value.
This tool is meant for web service implementers to test their web
services without having to write the client code. This could also be
used to access other web services whose WSDL endpoint is known.
Also the Web Services Explorer in Eclipse which comes as part of the Web Tools Platform.
Through UDDI and WSIL, other applications can discover WSDL documents
and bind with them to execute transactions or perform other business
processes. The Web Services Explorer allows you to explore, import,
and test WSDL documents.
The Grinder is right up your ally with both Java and Python, that handles most web services, (SOAP/REST/CORBA/RMI/JMS/EJB) etc.
http://grinder.sourceforge.net/
You really need to be more specific: What is it that you want to test in your WS-consumer? That it calls the right WS? This looks a bit pointless - WS are a perfect place for mocking whatever may be called - without anything being called.
In order to test the consumer you'd otherwise be writing a Webservice that mocks the original, right? I'd suppose that the communication protocol that goes through the wire is not the clients domain - e.g. it's generated. So the only thing a WS-consumer's client sees is the interface. And there's nothing to test in an interface.
It might be that I completely misunderstood your question - please clarify if I did. I'll revise the answer then.