Develop Reference

Twitter fetching application only bearer token HTTP 403 Forbidden

I am trying to fetch the application only bearer token by using my consumer key and consumer secret following this. This is my implementation:
public class OAuthApplicationOnlyBearerTokenFetchTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String> {
private static Logger logger =
Logger.getLogger(OAuthApplicationOnlyBearerTokenFetchTask.class.getName());
final static String URL_TWITTER_OAUTH2_TOKEN = "https://api.twitter.com/oauth2/token";
final static String USER_AGENT = "TwitterMotion User Agent";
protected String mApplicationOnlyBearerToken;
#Override
protected String doInBackground(String... tokens) {
String consumerKey = tokens[0];
String consumerSecret = tokens[0];
String encodedCredentials = encodeKeysFrom(consumerKey, consumerSecret);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(URL_TWITTER_OAUTH2_TOKEN);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Host", "api.twitter.com");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Basic " + encodedCredentials);
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "29");
urlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
writeRequest(urlConnection, "grant_type=client_credentials");
String jsonResponse = readResponse(urlConnection);
logger.log(INFO, "jsonResponse of the bearer oauth request: ", jsonResponse);
if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_FORBIDDEN) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "HTTP 403 (Forbidden) returned from Twitter API call for bearer token. " +
"Check values of Consumer Key and Consumer Secret in tokens.properties");
throw new RejectedAuthorizationException(urlConnection.getResponseCode(), "HTTP 403 (Forbidden) returned attempting to get Twitter API bearer token");
}
JSONObject jsonResponseObject = new JSONObject(jsonResponse);
if (jsonResponseObject != null) {
mApplicationOnlyBearerToken = (String) jsonResponseObject.get("access_token");
} else {
// TODO
}
return mApplicationOnlyBearerToken;
} catch (Exception ex) {
logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "", ex);
} finally {
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
}
return null;
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(String applicationOnlyBearerToken) {
this.mApplicationOnlyBearerToken = applicationOnlyBearerToken;
}
public String getApplicationOnlyBearerToken() {
return mApplicationOnlyBearerToken;
}
private String encodeKeysFrom(String consumerKey, String consumerSecret) {
try {
String encodedConsumerKey = URLEncoder.encode(consumerKey, "UTF-8");
String encodedConsumerSecret = URLEncoder.encode(consumerSecret, "UTF-8");
String combinedEncodedKey = encodedConsumerKey + ":" + encodedConsumerSecret;
byte[] encodedBytes = Base64.encode(combinedEncodedKey.getBytes(), Base64.NO_WRAP);
return new String(encodedBytes);
}
catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO
return null;
}
}
private boolean writeRequest(HttpURLConnection connection, String requestBody)
throws IOException {
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = null;
try {
bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream()));
bufferedWriter.write(requestBody);
bufferedWriter.flush();
return true;
}
catch (IOException ex) {
return false;
}
finally {
if (bufferedWriter != null) {
bufferedWriter.close();
}
}
}
private String readResponse(HttpURLConnection connection) throws IOException {
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(line + System.getProperty("line.separator"));
}
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
catch (IOException e) {
return null;
}
finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
bufferedReader.close();
}
}
}
}
But I am getting HTTP 403 Forbidden.
I also added permission on manifest file:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
I can not understand what is the issue actually. Thanks in advance!

Never mind, I've found the bug.
String consumerKey = tokens[0];
String consumerSecret = tokens[0];
It should be
String consumerSecret = tokens[1];

How to add basic auth java android in AsyncTask or RequestHandler.java?

My question is how to add basic auth Java Android AsyncTask? Some of developers said it needs to be declared in RequestHandler.java or in doInBackground AsyncTask function. Below is my code:
private void loginTask(String _username, String _password){
final String username = _username;
final String password = _password;
class LoginTask extends AsyncTask<Void,Void,String> {
ProgressDialog loading;
#Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
loading = ProgressDialog.show(LoginActivity.this,"Fetching...","Wait...",false,false);
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
super.onPostExecute(s);
loading.dismiss();
}
#Override
protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
RequestHandler rh = new RequestHandler();
String s = rh.sendGetRequest(App.URL_AUTHENTICATION);
Toast.makeText(LoginActivity.this, s.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return s;
}
}
LoginTask gt = new LoginTask();
gt.execute();
}
RequestHandler class: https://github.com/IntellijSys/AndroidToDoList/blob/master/app/src/main/java/my/intellij/androidtodolist/RequestHandler.java

Try this
RequestHandler rh = new RequestHandler();
// your basic auth username and password
rh.setBasicAuth("username","password");
String s = rh.sendGetRequest(App.URL_AUTHENTICATION);
RequestHandler class with Basic auth
import android.util.Base64;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
/**
* Created by ZERO on 16/08/2016.
*/
public class RequestHandler {
private String username;
private String password;
//Method to send httpPostRequest
//This method is taking two arguments
//First argument is the URL of the script to which we will send the request
//Other is an HashMap with name value pairs containing the data to be send with the request
public String sendPostRequest(String requestURL,
HashMap<String, String> postDataParams) {
URL url;
//StringBuilder object to store the message retrieved from the server
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
try {
//Initializing Url
url = new URL(requestURL);
//Creating an httmlurl connection
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//set Basic auth
processBasicAuth(conn);
//Configuring connection properties
conn.setReadTimeout(15000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
//Creating an output stream
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
//Writing parameters to the request
//We are using a method getPostDataString which is defined below
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(getPostDataString(postDataParams));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
sb = new StringBuilder();
String response;
//Reading server response
while ((response = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(response);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return sb.toString();
}
private void processBasicAuth(HttpURLConnection conn) {
if (username != null && password != null) {
try {
String userPassword = username + ":" + password;
byte[] data = userPassword.getBytes("UTF-8");
String base64 = Base64.encodeToString(data, Base64.DEFAULT);
conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Basic " + base64);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public String sendGetRequest(String requestURL) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
try {
URL url = new URL(requestURL);
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//set Basic auth
processBasicAuth(con);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String s;
while ((s = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(s + "\n");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return sb.toString();
}
public String sendGetRequestParam(String requestURL, String id) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
try {
URL url = new URL(requestURL + id);
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(con.getInputStream()));
String s;
while ((s = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(s + "\n");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return sb.toString();
}
private String getPostDataString(HashMap<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
boolean first = true;
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
if (first)
first = false;
else
result.append("&");
result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
result.append("=");
result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
}
return result.toString();
}
public void setBasicAuth(String username, String password) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
}
}

Android: java.net.ProtocolException: Unexpected status line: HTTP/1.2 200 OK

I have been working on the following code for a while.
the code worked for the 5.x version of my app but I can't get the code to work for Android version 6.x and higher.
public class PostAsync extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Double> {
private Context _context = null;
public PostAsync(Context context) {
_context = context;
}
#Override
protected Double doInBackground(String... params) {
String serverResponse = postData(params[0]);
try {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(serverResponse);
String id = "";
JSONObject locationobj = obj.getJSONObject("X");
JSONObject response = locationobj.getJSONObject("Y");
id = response.getString("id");
Settings.idcode = id;
// Convert , to %2c, since we're working with a URI here
String number = Settings.number + Settings.code + "," + Settings.idcode; // %2c
_context.startActivity(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL).setData(Uri.parse("tel://" + number)));
}
catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: Errorhandler
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
protected void onPostExecute(Double result) {
}
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) {
}
// Send a POST request to specified url in Settings class, with defined JSONObject message
public String postData(String msg) {
String result = null;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
InputStream is = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(Settings.webURL);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setChunkedStreamingMode(0);
connection.setReadTimeout(15000);
connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Encoding", "identity");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Encoding", "identity");
connection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0");
connection.setRequestProperty("TYPE", "JSON");
connection.setRequestProperty("KEY", "key");
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
wr.writeBytes(msg);
wr.flush();
wr.close();
int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
String responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();
System.out.println("Response code: " + responseCode);
System.out.println("Response message: " + responseMessage);
if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
is = new BufferedInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
String inputLine = "";
try {
while ((inputLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(inputLine);
}
result = sb.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (is != null) {
try {
is.close();
}
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}
I get the following error
java.net.ProtocolException: Unexpected status line: HTTP/1.2 200 OK
Can someone tell me what I am missing?

POST data not sent via HttpURLConnection

I'm trying to send POST request via HttpURLConnection, here is the code
public class BackgroundTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Void> {
Context context;
Activity activity;
StringBuffer str = null;
int responseCode;
String responseMessage;
public BackgroundTask(Context context) {
this.context = context;
this.activity = (Activity) context;
}
#Override
protected Void doInBackground(String... params) {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
OutputStream outputStream = null;
InputStream inputStream = null;
BufferedReader reader = null;
BufferedWriter writer = null;
String method = params[1];
if(method.equals("post")) {
try {
URL url = new URL(params[0]);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
outputStream = connection.getOutputStream();
writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8"));
String data = URLEncoder.encode(params[2] + "=" + params[3], "UTF-8");
writer.write(data);
responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
responseMessage = connection.getResponseMessage();
inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
str = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
str.append(line);
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (connection != null)
connection.disconnect();
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (writer != null) {
try {
writer.flush();
writer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (inputStream != null) {
try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (outputStream != null) {
try {
outputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
} else if(method.equals("get")) {
}
return null;
}
#Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void aVoid) {
TextView txt = (TextView) activity.findViewById(R.id.txt);
if(str != null)
txt.setText(str.toString());
Toast.makeText(activity, responseMessage, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
responseCode is 200 which means everything went OK, however it says Undefined index: id
id is well defined inside php file
$user = User::find_by_id($_POST['id']);
echo json_encode($user);
and it works fine when I send post request from an html file yet when i send it from application it says id undefined which means that POST data is not sent.
btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
BackgroundTask myTask = new BackgroundTask(MainActivity.this);
myTask.execute(link, "post", "id", "5");
}
});
this is how i instantiate asynctask object inside main activity
UPDATE: when i send not encoded string it works fine!
writer.write("id=5"); // works perfectly!
what is wrong with URLEncoder i use in the code?

I believe you have a problem in this line:
String data = URLEncoder.encode(params[2] + "=" + params[3], "UTF-8");
You are url-encoding the = as well as the params, that's why the server cannot recognise the form fields. Try to encode the params only:
String data = URLEncoder.encode(params[2], "UTF-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(params[3], "UTF-8");
The reason is that URL encoding is for passing special characters like = in the value(or key). Basically, the server will split and parse the key-value pairs with & and = before doing the decoding. And when you url-encode the = character, the server simply couldn't recognise it during the split and parse phase.

When i need to communicate with the server i use this
Server Class
public static String sendPostRequest(String requestURL,
HashMap<String, String> postDataParams) {
URL url;
String response = "";
try {
url = new URL(requestURL);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(15000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(getPostDataString(postDataParams));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
response = br.readLine();
} else {
response = "Error Registering";
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
private static String getPostDataString(HashMap<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
boolean first = true;
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
if (first)
first = false;
else
result.append("&");
result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
result.append("=");
result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
}
return result.toString();
}
OtherClass
//Run this inside an Asynctask
HashMap<String,String> data = new HashMap<>();
data.put("id", id);
String serverResponce = Server.sendPostRequest(URL,data);

Search Tweets with pure Java 400 get Bad Request

I tried use search tweets use twitter search api.
But when i get bearer token then send request to
/1.1/search/tweets.json?count=2
Its response is 400 (Bad Request)
I don't know how is wrong... Anyone can help me ??
Here is my Code all from http://www.coderslexicon.com/demo-of-twitter-application-only-oauth-authentication-using-java/
I also watch Application-only authentication but still don't know why.
Hope someone can tell me ....
private final static String getTokenURL = "https://api.twitter.com/oauth2/token";
private static String bearerToken;
static final String ACCESS_TOKEN = "1111111112-H************************************s";
static final String ACCESS_SECRET = "S************************************n";
static final String CONSUMER_KEY = "q************************************g";
static final String CONSUMER_SECRET = "Q************************************a";
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Thread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
bearerToken = requestBearerToken(getTokenURL);
searchTweets("https://api.twitter.com/1.1/search/tweets.json?count=2");
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("IOException e");
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}
private static String encodeKeys(String consumerKey, String consumerSecret) {
try {
String encodedConsumerKey = URLEncoder.encode(consumerKey, "UTF-8");
String encodedConsumerSecret = URLEncoder.encode(consumerSecret,
"UTF-8");
String fullKey = encodedConsumerKey + ":" + encodedConsumerSecret;
byte[] encodedBytes = Base64.encodeBase64(fullKey.getBytes());
return new String(encodedBytes);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
return new String();
}
}
private static String requestBearerToken(String endPointUrl)
throws IOException {
HttpsURLConnection connection = null;
String encodedCredentials = encodeKeys(CONSUMER_KEY, CONSUMER_SECRET);
try {
URL url = new URL(endPointUrl);
connection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
System.out.println(connection);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Host", "api.twitter.com");
connection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "MwTestTwitterAPI");
connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Basic "
+ encodedCredentials);
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "29");
connection.setUseCaches(false);
writeRequest(connection, "grant_type=client_credentials");
System.out.println(connection.getResponseCode());
System.out.println(connection.getResponseMessage());
String result = readResponse(connection);
JSONObject jsonResult=new JSONObject(result);
if (jsonResult.get("token_type") != null && jsonResult.get("token_type").equals("bearer") ) {
return jsonResult.getString("access_token");
}
return new String();
} catch (MalformedURLException | JSONException e) {
throw new IOException("Invalid endpoint URL specified.", e);
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
}
}
private static String searchTweets(String endPointUrl) throws IOException {
HttpsURLConnection connection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(endPointUrl);
connection = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setRequestProperty("Host", "api.twitter.com");
connection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "MwTestTwitterAPI");
connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer " + bearerToken);
connection.setUseCaches(false);
String result = readResponse(connection);
System.out.println("fetchTimelineTweet---result:"+result);
if (result != null || result.equals("")) {
return result;
}
return new String();
}
catch (MalformedURLException e) {
throw new IOException("Invalid endpoint URL specified.", e);
}
finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
}
}
// Writes a request to a connection
private static boolean writeRequest(HttpURLConnection connection,
String textBody) {
try {
BufferedWriter wr = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(
connection.getOutputStream()));
wr.write(textBody);
wr.flush();
wr.close();
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
return false;
}
}
// Reads a response for a given connection and returns it as a string.
private static String readResponse(HttpURLConnection connection) {
try {
StringBuilder str = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
connection.getInputStream()));
String line = "";
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
str.append(line + System.getProperty("line.separator"));
}
return str.toString();
} catch (IOException e) {
return new String();
}
}

You're missing a query variable q, which is a required parameter.
Try changing your request url to: https://api.twitter.com/1.1/search/tweets.json?count=2&q=test