Develop Reference

Binding to a remote service failure: Unable to start service Intent

I've been playing around with some Android recently and have the following setup:
I have app A, which is a service. This has no activity. Here's its manifest:
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.sandbox.sampleservice">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/Theme.SampleService">
<service
android:name=".DummyService"
android:exported="true"
android:enabled="true">
</service>
</application>
</manifest>
and here's the Java code:
package com.sandbox.sampleservice;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.Messenger;
import android.util.Log;
public class DummyService extends Service {
private static final String TAG = "DummyService";
static class MessageHandler extends Handler {
#Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO: sort this later
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
}
Messenger mMessenger = null;
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG, "Binding");
mMessenger = new Messenger(new MessageHandler());
return mMessenger.getBinder();
}
#Override
public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG, "No longer bound");
return false;
}
}
I then have an app B with an empty activity which I want to bind to the service in app A. This is it's MainActivity:
package com.sandbox.sampleclient;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = "SampleClient";
private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.i(TAG, "Bound");
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
Log.i(TAG, "Unbound");
}
};
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.sandbox.sampleservice", ".DummyService"));
boolean result = this.bindService(intent, mServiceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
if (result) {
Toast.makeText(this, "success", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "failed", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
}
I'm running on the default emulator that comes with Android Studio - API 30/x86.
I've installed the service using the installDebug Gradle task and can see the app in the Settings. But running app B, the call to bindService() returns false (it shows the failure toast). And I have the following message in logcat:
2021-04-03 20:33:59.743 500-1764/system_process W/ActivityManager: Unable to start service Intent { cmp=com.sandbox.sampleservice/.DummyService } U=0: not found
I've tried a few things - using the app context rather than the activity one when binding, using the fully qualified class name, and more. No change in behaviour, and the error in logcat is always the same.

java.net.ConnectException:Failed to connect to /10.0.2.2:443

I am working on an android app that requires user authentication. I am using localhost phpadmin for server and database connexion. The app so far has 1 login activity that imports a php url to connect to localhost. If everything works fine the app is supposed to show an alertDialog saying that login was successful. But whenever i try running the app, when i click login it shows an empty alertDialog and the AndroidStudio debugger shows this error : java.net.ConnectException:Failed to connect to /10.0.2.2:443
This is the code for MainActivity :
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText UsernameEt , PasswordEt;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
UsernameEt= (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPersonName);
PasswordEt= (EditText)findViewById(R.id.editTextTextPassword);
}
public void OnLogin(View view) {
String username= UsernameEt.getText().toString();
String password= PasswordEt.getText().toString();
BackroundWorker backroundWorker=new BackroundWorker(this);
String type= "login";
backroundWorker.execute(type,username,password);
}
}
and this is the code for BackroundWorker class:
package com.android.example.meetmev0;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.util.Log;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
public class BackroundWorker extends AsyncTask<String,Void,String> {
Context context;
AlertDialog alertDialog;
public BackroundWorker ( Context ctx) {
context=ctx;
}
#Override
protected String doInBackground(String... voids) {
String type = voids[0];
String login_url= "https://10.0.2.2/MeetLogin.php";
if(type.equals("login"))
{
String test="so far so good";
try {
String username = voids[1];
String password = voids[2];
URL url= new URL(login_url);
HttpsURLConnection httpsURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection)url.openConnection();
httpsURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpsURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
httpsURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
OutputStream outputStream= httpsURLConnection.getOutputStream();
test= " still good";
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8"));
String post_data= URLEncoder.encode("username ", "UTF-8")+"="+URLEncoder.encode(username , "UTF-8")+"&"
+URLEncoder.encode("password", "UTF-8")+"="+URLEncoder.encode(password , "UTF-8");
bufferedWriter.write(post_data);
bufferedWriter.flush();
bufferedWriter.close();
outputStream.close();
InputStream inputStream = httpsURLConnection.getInputStream();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream,"ISO-8859-1"));
String result="";
String line="";
while((line = bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
result+=line;
}
bufferedReader.close();
inputStream.close();
httpsURLConnection.disconnect();
Log.v("Activity test: ", result);
return result;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
#Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
alertDialog= new AlertDialog.Builder(context).create();
alertDialog.setTitle("Login Status");
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
alertDialog.setMessage(result);
alertDialog.show();
}
#Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
}
}
using breakpoints i found out that this line OutputStream outputStream= httpsURLConnection.getOutputStream(); is what's throwing the exception.
This is my AndroidManifest file :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.android.example.meetmev0">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme"
android:usesCleartextTraffic="true">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
I tried adding ports 80,8080 and 8888 but it didn't work. Swapping 10.0.2.2to localhostor to my local ip didn't work either.

I changed https to http:
String login_url= "https://10.0.2.2/MeetLogin.php" to String login_url= "http://10.0.2.2/MeetLogin.php"
and
HttpsURLConnection httpsURLConnection = (HttpsURLConnection)url.openConnection(); to HttpURLConnection httpsURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
Now it works perfectly.

Cannot connect my android device to my python socket server?

I have a python socket server which my android devices are meant to connect to but my android emulator is able to connect to it but my phone is not able to connect to it and gives the error ETIMEDOUT. Can anyone tell what is wrong with it?
Python server:
import socket
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM)
host = socket.gethostname()
port = 12345
s.bind((host, port))
s.listen(10)
while True:
c, addr = s.accept()
print(addr)
c.send(bytes('Thank you for connecting','utf-8'))
c.close()
Android Client:
Client.java:
package com.example.abhishekroul.clientapp;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.widget.TextView;
//import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
public class Client extends AsyncTask<Void,Void,Void>
{
String dstAddress;
int dstPort;
String response="";
TextView textResponse;
Client(String addr,int port, TextView textResponse)
{
dstAddress=addr;
dstPort=port;
this.textResponse=textResponse;
}
#Override
protected Void doInBackground(Void ...arg0)
{
Socket socket=null;
try
{
socket=new Socket(dstAddress,dstPort);
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream(1024);
byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
int bytesRead;
InputStream inputStream= socket.getInputStream();
while((bytesRead=inputStream.read(buffer))!=-1)
{
byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer,0,bytesRead);
response += byteArrayOutputStream.toString("UTF-8");
}
}
catch(UnknownHostException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
response="UnknownHostException:"+e.toString();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
response="IOException:"+e.toString();
}
return null;
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(Void result)
{
textResponse.setText(response);
super.onPostExecute(result);
}
}
MainActivity.java:
package com.example.abhishekroul.clientapp;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText address, port;
TextView response;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
address = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.address);
port = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.port);
response = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response);
}
public void funcConnect(View v)
{
Client client= new Client(address.getText().toString(),Integer.parseInt(port.getText().toString()),response);
client.execute();
}
public void funcClear(View v)
{
response.setText("");
}
}
Manifest.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.abhishekroul.clientapp" >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme" >
<activity android:name=".MainActivity" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
on emulator its connecting but on an android phone it shows ETIMEDOUT error.

So after lot of testing I have found the solution to the problem by using the port 80 the HTTP protocol which is generally never blocked as HTTP based processes will stop as this port is generally used by this protocol so it is better to user port 80 for socket creation.

Build error in android socket program in eclipse

I have the follwing code to establish a TCP connection between a C server and an android client. The c server works fine. But the following code shows errors on building in eclipse.
package com.app.client.app;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import android.util.Log;
public class my_activity extends Activity
{
private TextView txt;
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
Button b = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
txt = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1);
b.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
{
#Override
public void onClick(View v)
{
connectSocket("Hello");
}
});
}
private void connectSocket(String a){
try {
InetAddress serverAddr = InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.2");
Log.d("TCP", "C: Connecting...");
Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddr, 4444);
message = "1";
PrintWriter out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
try {
Log.d("TCP", "C: Sending: '" + message + "'");
out = new PrintWriter( new BufferedWriter( new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
out.println(message);
while ((in.readLine()) != null) {
txt.append(in.readLine());
}
Log.d("TCP", "C: Sent.");
Log.d("TCP", "C: Done.");
} catch(Exception e) {
Log.e("TCP", "S: Error", e);
} finally {
socket.close();
}
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
Log.e("TCP", "C: UnknownHostException", e);
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e("TCP", "C: IOException", e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
The errors shown on building is:
main cannot be resolved or is not a field my_activity.java /Androidclient/src/com/app/client/app line 29 Java Problem
What can I do so as to resolve this problem? Thanks in advance.

You need to set up your AndroidManifest.xml within your activity. Find it and add your main activity to it like this:
<application android:icon="#drawable/icon" android:label="#string/app_name">
<activity android:name="my_activity"
android:label="#string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
This will tell the android system that this is your main activity and it should be launched on application start.
If you're new to android, i suggest that you read this

intentService : why my onHandleIntent is never called?

I'm working with android xml rpc to mount a server. For that I'm using and intentService. The only problem is that when the server class is launched, my onHandleIntent which contains the server is never called.
I've made some research and I found someone who had the same problem, he managed solving it by using super class but I'm new in programming and didn't manage to do what he did ==> link
Here is my code:
package tfe.rma.ciss.be;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlrpc.android.MethodCall;
import org.xmlrpc.android.XMLRPCServer;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
public class Server extends IntentService {
public String myData="";
public String streamTitle = "",path="";
public void onCreate() {
Log.d("Server", ">>>onCreate()");
}
public Server() {
super("Server");
}
public void onStart (Intent intent, int startId) {
Log.d("Server", ">>>Started()"); }
#Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Log.d("Server", ">>>handlingIntent()");
try {
ServerSocket socket = new ServerSocket(8214);
XMLRPCServer server = new XMLRPCServer();
Log.d("Server", ">>>opening on port" + socket);
while (true) {
Socket client = socket.accept();
MethodCall call = server.readMethodCall(client);
String name = call.getMethodName();
if (name.equals("newImage")) {
ArrayList<Object> params = call.getParams();
// assume "add" method has two Integer params, so no checks done
myData = (String)( params.get(0));
//int i1 = (Integer) params.get(1);
server.respond(client, new Object[] {200});
/*intent = new Intent (this, ParseFunction.class);
startService (intent); */
Toast.makeText(this, myData, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Log.d("ParseFunction", ">>>Started()");
Intent i = new Intent( this, B.class );
i.putExtra( "Azo", myData);
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity( i );
} else {
server.respond(client, null);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

If you got here and nothing worked, check your manifest looks like this:
<service android:name=".subpackage.ServiceClassName" >
</service>
And not like this:
<service android:name=".subpackage.ServiceClassName" />
There's a problem with xml closing tags. The first one works. The second is legal but doesn't work.

In case someone else wants the result here is what I should have done. Adding superclass to onCreate super.onCreate() and change onStart by onStartCommand (plus its superclass super.onStartCommand()), now it works as a charm
package tfe.rma.ciss.be;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlrpc.android.MethodCall;
import org.xmlrpc.android.XMLRPCServer;
import android.app.IntentService;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;
public class Server extends IntentService {
public String myData="";
public String streamTitle = "",path="";
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.d("Server", ">>>onCreate()");
}
public Server() {
super("Server");
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
super.onStartCommand(intent, startId, startId);
Log.i("LocalService", "Received start id " + startId + ": " + intent);
return START_STICKY;
}
#Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Log.d("Server", ">>>handlingIntent()");
try {
ServerSocket socket = new ServerSocket(8214);
XMLRPCServer server = new XMLRPCServer();
Log.d("Server", ">>>opening on port" + socket);
while (true) {
Socket client = socket.accept();
MethodCall call = server.readMethodCall(client);
String name = call.getMethodName();
if (name.equals("newImage")) {
ArrayList<Object> params = call.getParams();
// assume "add" method has two Integer params, so no checks done
myData = (String)( params.get(0));
//int i1 = (Integer) params.get(1);
server.respond(client, new Object[] {200});
/*intent = new Intent (this, ParseFunction.class);
startService (intent); */
Toast.makeText(this, myData, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Log.d("ParseFunction", ">>>Started()");
Intent i = new Intent( this, B.class );
i.putExtra( "Azo", myData);
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
startActivity( i );
} else {
server.respond(client, null);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Get rid of onStart(). First, it is obsolete. Second, you are not chaining to the superclass, thereby preventing IntentService from doing its work.

I had the same issue, it turned out the service definition was missing in the App manifest.
Adding:
<service
android:name=".MyIntentServiceName"
android:exported="false" />
solved the problem.

Just to sum up: In case you override onStartCommand, do not forget to call super:
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
return START_STICKY;
}
If not, check your manifest, see answer by Mister Smith.

I was having this problem but only on some devices, more specifically on a Motorola Moto G 1st Gen (4.5" & 4G-less) and the solution was to include the FULL PACKAGE NAME in the Service description in the Manifest.
So changing 'mypackage.MyService' to 'com.android.myapp.mypackage.MyService' solved the onHandleIntent never being called.

Some of you might get to this page because your onHandleIntent() method never gets called, despite you implemented everything just fine.
If it's your first service you try to test, you might not be awared of the importance of permissions. In that case check your permissions.
I hope this helps someone.

I had the same problem. I removed the OnCreate method and it works like a charm now. LMK if it worked for you :)