Comparing Arrays for common integer - java

newbie here and new to Java itself. Currently working on a little project and I am stumped where I am currently at. Basically my code has two arrays, passes these arrays down to my method. At this point my method is supposed to look and compare my arrays, find the HIGHEST common int which in this case for this program is 10, I would like my program to then take that 10 and return it back to main to be printed out, also this program is assuming that it is possible for there to be no common number which in that case it would print out -1. Here is my code so far.
public class arrayCompare
{
public static void main(String [] args)
{
int [] arrayA = {2, 4, 6 , 8, 10, 12};
int [] arrayB = {3, 4, 7 , 10, 11,13};
int result = largestInCommon(arrayA , arrayB);
}
public static int largestInCommon( int [] A, int[] B)
{
int counter = 0;
for( int x = 0; x < A.length; x++)
{
if(A[0]==B[x])
{
for(int y = 0; y < B.length; y++)
}
}
}
}

Loop over all the elements of the two arrays. Check if every element is equals to the other and also higher than the last higher element. If it is, this would be the new higher element
int[] arrayA = { 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 };
int[] arrayB = { 3, 4, 7, 10, 11, 13 };
int higher = -1;
for (int a = 0; a < arrayA.length; a++) {
for (int b = 0; b < arrayB.length; b++) {
if (arrayA[a] == arrayB[b] && arrayA[a] > higher) {
higher = arrayA[a];
}
}
}
System.out.println(higher);
Output:
10
Your error is to compare the element before entering the second loop. You check only if the first element of arrayA[] exists also in arrayB[] and you never set and return the new higher value

You need to iterate over the two arrays and check if the A[x] == B[y] and largest>A[x], you can refer the below code:
public static int largestInCommon(int [] A, int[] B) {
int largest = 0;
for( int x = 0; x < A.length; x++) {
for(int y = 0; y < B.length; y++) {
if(A[x] == B[y] && largest>A[x]) {
largest = A[x];
break;//no need to iterate 2nd array,if common elment found
}
}
}
return largest;
}

You can do the following.
store array A in a hash set S
sort array b in decreasing order
from the 0 index to n-1 of b check whether the element is in S
a. if any value is found return that value
b. if no value found then return -1.
You can do it in O(sizeA) space and O(sizeB) time. [if already sorted else O[sizeB*lg(sizeB)]

public static void main(String [] args)
{
int [] arrayA = {2, 4, 6 , 8, 10, 12};
int [] arrayB = {3, 4, 7 , 10, 11,13};
int result = largestInCommon(arrayA , arrayB);
System.out.println("Max "+result);
}
public static int largestInCommon( int [] A, int[] B)
{
int counter = -1;
for( int x = 0; x < A.length; x++)
{
for(int y = 0; y < B.length; y++){
if(A[x]==B[y])
{
if(counter < A[x]){
counter=A[x];
}
}
}
}
return counter;
}

Related

How to find numbers that appear only once in a matrix?

I have a given matrix called m and its dimensions are n by n and it contains whole numbers. I need to copy the numbers that appear just once to a new array called a.
I think the logic would be to have a for loop for each number in the matrix and compare it to every other number, but I don't know how to actually do that with code.
I can only use loops (no maps or such) and this is what I've come up with:
public static void Page111Ex14(int[][] m) {
int previous = 0, h = 0;
int[] a = new int[m.length*m[0].length];
for (int i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < m[0].length; j++) {
previous = m[i][j];
if (m[i][j] != previous) {
a[h] = m[i][j];
h++;
}
}
}
It's probably not correct though.
Loop through it again to see if there's any repeated one. Assuming you can use labels, the answer might look a bit like that:
public static int[] getSingleInstanceArrayFromMatrix(int[][] m) {
int[] a = new int[m.length * m[0].length];
// Main loop.
for (int x = 0; x < m.length; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < m[0].length; y++) {
// Gets the current number in the matrix.
int currentNumber = m[x][y];
// Boolean to check if the variable appears more than once.
boolean isSingle = true;
// Looping again through the array.
checkLoop:
for (int i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < m[0].length; j++) {
// Assuring we are not talking about the same number in the same matrix position.
if (i != x || j != y) {
// If it is equal to our current number, we can update the variable and break.
if (m[i][j] == currentNumber) {
isSingle = false;
break checkLoop;
}
}
}
}
if (isSingle) {
a[(x * m.length) + y] = currentNumber;
}
}
}
return a;
}
Not sure if it's the most efficient, but I think it will work. It's somewhat hard to form your final array without the help of Lists or such. Since the unassigned values will default to 0, any actual zero (i.e. it's "supposed" to be there based on the matrix) will be undetected if you look up the returned array. But if there's such limitations I imagine that it's not crucially important.
This is one of those problems you can just throw a HashMap at and it just does your job for you. You traverse the 2d array, use a HashMap to store each element with its occurence, then traverse the HashMap and add all elements with occurence 1 to a list. Then convert this list to an array, which is what you're required to return.
This has O(n*n) complexity, where n is one dimension of the square matrix m.
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
class GetSingleOccurence
{
static int[] singleOccurence(int[][] m)
{
// work with a list so that we can append to it
List<Integer> aList = new ArrayList<Integer>();
HashMap<Integer, Integer> hm = new HashMap<>();
for (int row = 0; row < m.length; row++) {
for (int col = 0; col < m[row].length; col++) {
if (hm.containsKey(m[row][col]))
hm.put(m[row][col], 1 + hm.get(m[row][col]));
else
hm.put(m[row][col], 1);
}
}
for (Map.Entry entry : hm.entrySet())
{
if (Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(entry.getValue())) == 1)
a.add(Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(entry.getKey())));
}
// return a as an array
return a.toArray(new int[a.size()]);
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
// A 2D may of integers with some duplicates
int[][] m = { { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 },
{ 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 },
{ 11, 12, 12, 14, 15 },
{ 16, 17, 18, 18, 20 },
{ 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 } };
a = singleOccurence(m);
}
}
It may be better to use a boolean array boolean[] dups to track duplicated numbers, so during the first pass this intermediate array is populated and the number of singles is counted.
Then create the resulting array of appropriate size, and if this array is not empty, in the second iteration over the dups copy the values marked as singles to the resulting array.
public static int[] getSingles(int[][] arr) {
int n = arr.length;
int m = arr[0].length;
boolean[] dups = new boolean[n * m];
int singles = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < dups.length; i++) {
if (dups[i]) continue; // skip the value known to be a duplicate
int curr = arr[i / m][i % m];
boolean dup = false;
for (int j = i + 1; j < dups.length; j++) {
if (curr == arr[j / m][j % m]) {
dup = true;
dups[j] = true;
}
}
if (dup) {
dups[i] = true;
} else {
singles++;
}
}
// debugging log
System.out.println("singles = " + singles + "; " + Arrays.toString(dups));
int[] res = new int[singles];
if (singles > 0) {
for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < dups.length; i++) {
if (!dups[i]) {
res[j++] = arr[i / m][i % m];
}
}
}
return res;
}
Test:
int[][] mat = {
{2, 2, 3, 3},
{4, 2, 0, 3},
{5, 4, 2, 1}
};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(getSingles(mat)));
Output(including debugging log):
singles = 3; [true, true, true, true, true, true, false, true, false, true, true, false]
[0, 5, 1]
Your use of previous is merely an idea on the horizon. Remove it, and fill the one dimensional a. Finding duplicates with two nested for-loops would require n4 steps. However if you sort the array a, - order the values - which costs n² log n², you can find duplicates much faster.
Arrays.sort(a);
int previous = a[0];
for (int h = 1; h < a.length; ++h) {
if (a[h] == previous)...
previous = a[h];
...
It almost looks like this solution was already treated in class.
It doesn't look good:
previous = m[i][j];
if (m[i][j] != previous) {
a[h] = m[i][j];
h++;
}
you assigned m[i][j] to previous and then you check if if (m[i][j] != previous)?
Are there any limitations in the task as to the range from which the numbers can come from?

Expanding an array to represent an index as many times as the magnitude of original value

Example: expand(new int[]{3, 2, 5}) -> {0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2}
I am trying to have it make a a new array to print the index of say 3, 3 times. So 3 would be 0,0,0.
public static int[] expand(int[] input) {
int c = 0;
int[] myArray = new int[sum(input)];
if(input.length == 0){
return new int[0];
}
for(int i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
int a = input[i];
for(int j = c; j < a; j++) {
c += j;
myArray[j] = i;
}
}
return myArray;
}
Currently this only partially works and I cant seem to figure out how to go through the full array properly. In addition, index zero seems to get skipped.
You were close! It seems that you just need to modify your nested for-loop slightly:
for (int j = 0; j < a; j++) {
myArray[c++] = i;
}
Seeing as you're using c to keep track of the current index, this simply sets the element at index c to i and increments c. You can also remove a and use input[i] in place of it.
Note: It is easier to start j from 0 rather than from c.
Functional method
public class Main {
public static void main(final String... args) {
int[] items = expand(new int[]{3, 2, 5});
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(items));
}
public static int[] expand(int[] input) {
return IntStream.range(0, input.length)
.flatMap(p -> IntStream.generate(() -> p).limit(input[p]))
.toArray();
}
}
This makes a stream of the index, and for each item takes that many of the index, putting all of them into an array

How do I see if my arrays have the same elements, regardless of order?

I am new to the site, for the record.
I have looked around but I have not found the answer that I want.
Let's say I have int[] arrayA and int[] arrayB and I'm letting the user input values for however many elements I set, five in this case.
So:
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
int[] arrayA = new int[5];
int[] arrayB = new int[5];
for (i = 0; i < arrayA.length; i++)
{
arrayA[i] = input.nextInt();
}
for (i = 0; i < arrayB.length; i++)
{
arrayB[i] = input.nextInt();
}
}
public static int[] arrayEquality(int[] a, int[] b)
{
if (a[] != b[])
{
return false;
}
}
If you can help it, please don't use anything beyond methods, arrays, and such. I still don't have an entirely good grip on what I'm learning in class.
If you dont want to use Array.sort() , you can try the following
void checkEquality (int arrayA[] , int arrayB[]){
boolean equals = false;
for (int x = 0 ;x < 5 ; x++){
equals = false;
for (int y = 0 ; y < 5 ; y++){
if (arrayA[x] == arrayB[y]){
equals = true;
break;
}
}
if (equals == false)
return false;
}
}
int ary1[] = {1, 4, 5, 8, 3, 2};
int ary2[] = {1, 8, 2, 5, 4, 9};
Arrays.sort(ary1);
Arrays.sort(ary2);
boolean b = Arrays.equals(ary1, ary2);
System.out.println(b);

Java sorting program, getting a confusing output

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// declarations
int i, z, x, greatest;
int[] array = { 2, 3, 4, 55, 6 };
int[] copyarray = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
int zz;
greatest = array[0];
for (zz = 0; zz < 5; zz++) {
for (x = 0; x < 5; x++) {
if (array[x] > greatest) {
greatest = array[x];
}
}
copyarray[zz] = greatest; // this will contain the sorted array
// part of the nested loop
for (z = 0; z < 5; z++) {
if (greatest == array[z]) {
array[z] = 0;
}
}
}
// not part of the nested loop
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println("sorted array: " + copyarray);
}
}
Output:
sorted array: [I#1a16869
sorted array: [I#1a16869
sorted array: [I#1a16869
sorted array: [I#1a16869
sorted array: [I#1a16869
This is just a basic little program and I'm trying to get the logic right. I can't improve it or make it into a class or method because I'm not even getting the output right.
If you are trying to use your own algorithm, i would suggest you try using IDE and debug the code.
If you want to use algorithm that JDK provides, you could use:
Arrays.sort(array);
Regarding the output, you are trying to print array and array is an object without toString implementation in java. Hence you should change your print statement to :
System.out.println("sorted array: "+Arrays.toString(copyarray));//without surrounding for loop to get what its after each step of sorting elements.
Or if you want to keep your for loop then you could use index based access to array like:
System.out.print(copyarray[i] + " ");
Actually, none of the answers here are right.
The heart of the problem is that you are not re-initializing the variable greatest for each iteration. It is set to array[0]; in the beginning and it is never changed again. This should go inside the loop.
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// declarations
int i, z, x, greatest;
int[] array = { 2, 3, 4, 55, 6 };
int[] copyarray = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
int zz;
// greatest = array[0]; <---- Don't do it here
for (zz = 0; zz < 5; zz++) {
greatest = array[0]; // <--- Initialize greatest here and not before the loop
for (x = 0; x < 5; x++) {
if (array[x] > greatest) {
greatest = array[x];
}
}
copyarray[zz] = greatest; // this will contain the sorted array
// part of the nested loop
for (z = 0; z < 5; z++) {
if (greatest == array[z]) {
array[z] = 0;
}
}
}
// not part of the nested loop
for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
System.out.println("sorted array: " + copyarray[i]);
}
}
As a side note, you are printing the array incorrectly, you should use copyarray[i] and not copyarray.
Whit these two changes, here's the output:
sorted array: 55
sorted array: 6
sorted array: 4
sorted array: 3
sorted array: 2
You are printing the reference not the value
use:
for(int i = 0; i < copyarray.length; i++ ) {
System.out.println("Value : " + copyarray[i]);
}
i would also recommend using Arrays.sort(array);
just write
private int[] values = { 9,2,5,3,1,7,0 };
public void printSorted() {
Arrays.sort(values);
for(int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
System.out.println("Value: " + values[i]);
}
}

How to remove duplicates from a list using an auxiliary array in Java?

I am trying to remove duplicates from a list by creating a temporary array that stores the indices of where the duplicates are, and then copies off the original array into another temporary array while comparing the indices to the indices I have stored in my first temporary array.
public void removeDuplicates()
{
double tempa [] = new double [items.length];
int counter = 0;
for ( int i = 0; i< numItems ; i++)
{
for(int j = i + 1; j < numItems; j++)
{
if(items[i] ==items[j])
{
tempa[counter] = j;
counter++;
}
}
}
double tempb [] = new double [ items.length];
int counter2 = 0;
int j =0;
for(int i = 0; i < numItems; i++)
{
if(i != tempa[j])
{
tempb[counter2] = items[i];
counter2++;
}
else
{
j++;
}
}
items = tempb;
numItems = counter2;
}
and while the logic seems right, my compiler is giving me an arrayindexoutofbounds error at
tempa[counter] = j;
I don't understand how counter could grow to above the value of items.length, where is the logic flaw?
You are making things quite difficult for yourself. Let Java do the heavy lifting for you. For example LinkedHashSet gives you uniqueness and retains insertion order. It will also be more efficient than comparing every value with every other value.
double [] input = {1,2,3,3,4,4};
Set<Double> tmp = new LinkedHashSet<Double>();
for (Double each : input) {
tmp.add(each);
}
double [] output = new double[tmp.size()];
int i = 0;
for (Double each : tmp) {
output[i++] = each;
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(output));
Done for int arrays, but easily coud be converted to double.
1) If you do not care about initial array elements order:
private static int[] withoutDuplicates(int[] a) {
Arrays.sort(a);
int hi = a.length - 1;
int[] result = new int[a.length];
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < hi; i++) {
if (a[i] == a[i+1]) {
continue;
}
result[j] = a[i];
j++;
}
result[j++] = a[hi];
return Arrays.copyOf(result, j);
}
2) if you care about initial array elements order:
private static int[] withoutDuplicates2(int[] a) {
HashSet<Integer> keys = new HashSet<Integer>();
int[] result = new int[a.length];
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i < a.length; i++) {
if (keys.add(a[i])) {
result[j] = a[i];
j++;
}
}
return Arrays.copyOf(result, j);
}
3) If you do not care about initial array elements order:
private static Object[] withoutDuplicates3(int[] a) {
HashSet<Integer> keys = new HashSet<Integer>();
for (int value : a) {
keys.add(value);
}
return keys.toArray();
}
Imagine this was your input data:
Index: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Value: 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3
Then according to your algorithm, tempa would need to be:
Index: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, ....Exception!!!
Value: 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 5, 6, 7, 8, 6, 7, 8, 7, 8, 8
Why do you have this problem? Because the first set of nested for loops does nothing to prevent you from trying to insert duplicates of the duplicate array indices!
What is the best solution?
Use a Set!
Sets guarantee that there are no duplicate entries in them. If you create a new Set and then add all of your array items to it, the Set will prune the duplicates. Then it is just a matter of going back from the Set to an array.
Alternatively, here is a very C-way of doing the same thing:
//duplicates will be a truth table indicating which indices are duplicates.
//initially all values are set to false
boolean duplicates[] = new boolean[items.length];
for ( int i = 0; i< numItems ; i++) {
if (!duplicates[i]) { //if i is not a known duplicate
for(int j = i + 1; j < numItems; j++) {
if(items[i] ==items[j]) {
duplicates[j] = true; //mark j as a known duplicate
}
}
}
}
I leave it to you to figure out how to finish.
import java.util.HashSet;
import sun.security.util.Length;
public class arrayduplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int arr[]={1,5,1,2,5,2,10};
TreeSet< Integer>set=new TreeSet<Integer>();
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
set.add(Integer.valueOf(arr[i]));
}
System.out.println(set);
}
}
You have already used num_items to bound your loop. Use that variable to set your array size for tempa also.
double tempa [] = new double [num_items];
Instead of doing it in array, you can simply use java.util.Set.
Here an example:
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Double[] values = new Double[]{ 1.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 3.0, 10.0, 10.0 };
Set<Double> singleValues = new HashSet<Double>();
for (Double value : values)
{
singleValues.add(value);
}
System.out.println("singleValues: "+singleValues);
// now convert it into double array
Double[] dValues = singleValues.toArray(new Double[]{});
}
Here's another alternative without the use of sets, only primitive types:
public static double [] removeDuplicates(double arr[]) {
double [] tempa = new double[arr.length];
int uniqueCount = 0;
for (int i=0;i<arr.length;i++) {
boolean unique = true;
for (int j=0;j<uniqueCount && unique;j++) {
if (arr[i] == tempa[j]) {
unique = false;
}
}
if (unique) {
tempa[uniqueCount++] = arr[i];
}
}
return Arrays.copyOf(tempa, uniqueCount);
}
It does require a temporary array of double objects on the way towards getting your actual result.
You can use a set for removing multiples.

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