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Switching Android module from library to application results in "Unable to resolve dependency for :app#debug/compileClasspath"/

I have an android app I want to import to my project as a module. The module syncs and compiles fine with apply plugin: 'com.android.application' However, there are classes from the module that I want to use in my project. To do this, it seems like I need to switch the gradle for the module to read apply plugin: 'com.android.library' as per this question. However, changing the module from an application to a library results in the following error log:
Unable to resolve dependency for ':app#debug/compileClasspath': Failed to transform file 'OCRTest-release.aar' to match attributes {artifactType=android-exploded-aar} using transform ExtractAarTransform
Unable to resolve dependency for ':app#debugAndroidTest/compileClasspath': Failed to transform file 'OCRTest-release.aar' to match attributes {artifactType=android-exploded-aar} using transform ExtractAarTransform
...
Unable to resolve dependency for ':app#releaseUnitTest/compileClasspath': Failed to transform file 'OCRTest-release.aar' to match attributes {artifactType=android-exploded-aar} using transform ExtractAarTransform
So far I have tried invalidating caches and restarting Android Studio, as that was a common suggestion. I have also seen it suggested to delete the .gradle file altogether. Is that safe to do? Also, the main thing I want to do is be able to use Java classes from the module in my app's activities. If there is a better way to go about doing this, let me know.
Here is the code for my .gradle files.
settings.gradle:
include ':app'
include ':OCRTest'
build.gradle(Project):
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.1.2'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
build.gradle(Module: OCRTest): This is the module that contains classes I want to use in my app
apply plugin: 'com.android.library'
android {
compileSdkVersion 27
buildToolsVersion "27.0.3"
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 27
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled true
proguardFiles 'proguard.cfg'
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation 'com.rmtheis:tess-two:9.0.0'
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
}
build.gradle(Module: app):
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 27
defaultConfig {
applicationId "org.noblis.thirdeye"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 27
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
cppFlags ""
}
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
matchingFallbacks = ['debug']
}
}
externalNativeBuild {
cmake {
path "CMakeLists.txt"
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:design:27.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.2'
implementation 'com.rmtheis:tess-two:9.0.0'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
implementation project(path: ':OCRTest', configuration: 'default')
}

Remove the following line from build.gradle(Module:app):
implementation project(path: ':OCRTest', configuration: 'default')
Sync Gradle files.
Replace settings.gradle with this line:
include ':app', ':OCRTest'
Sync Gradle files again.
Now goto Project Structure>Add Module dependency and add module.
Hope this helps :)

ERROR Multiple dex files define Lcom/google/android/gms/location/places/zza;

I am facing this issue from 2 days, still not found any solution.
I tried changing versions of libraries, clean and build project, and invalidate cache etc.
Below is my build.gradle file:
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 27
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.root.ambulancetracking"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 27
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
multiDexEnabled true
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
//noinspection GradleCompatible
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:15.0.1'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.0'
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:27.1.1'
compile 'com.mcxiaoke.volley:library-aar:1.0.0'
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:27.1.1'
compile 'com.android.support:design:27.1.1'
compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:27.1.1'
compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:27.1.1'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:17.0.0'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.0'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:15.0.1'
compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.0'
compile 'com.github.ar-android:DrawRouteMaps:1.0.0'
}
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy.eachDependency { DependencyResolveDetails details ->
def requested = details.requested
if (requested.group == 'com.android.support') {
if (!requested.name.startsWith("multidex")) {
details.useVersion '25.3.1'
}
}
}
}
And below is build.gradle (project):
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.2.0'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
maven { url "https://jitpack.io" }
google()
jcenter()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
Here is what i am getting in message window.
Information:Gradle tasks [:app:assembleDebug]
Error:java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
Error:java.lang.RuntimeException: com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
Error:com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Unable to merge dex
Error:com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/google/android/gms/location/places/zza;
Information:BUILD FAILED in 1m 22s
Information:4 errors
Information:0 warnings
Information:See complete output in console
I tried my level best
Please, any help would be appreciated.
Thank you very much for your time and assistance in this matter.

please add this lib to resolve this issue
implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3'
also, enable multidex in your application class
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
MultiDex.install(this);
}

your version are conflict
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:17.0.0'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:16.0.0'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:15.0.1'
covert to this lines :
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-messaging:17.0.0'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:17.0.0'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:17.0.0'

You need to use the same version of Firebase and Google Play Service if you're using google play service plugin below 3.3.0.
If you want to use multiple version of Firebase and Google Play Service (starting from version 15), you need to use google play service plugin 3.3.0. So, change your project build.gradle to:
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.1'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.3.0'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
...
Last, don't forget to always add the following line:
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
to the bottom of your app build.gradle.

I have an error in Android studio "Failed to resolve junit:4.12"

I created a new project after installing Android Studio 2.3.3 and then the Gradle build failed because of these three errors:
Error:Failed to resolve: junit:junit:4.12
Open FileShow in Project Structure dialog
Error:Failed to resolve: org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3
Open FileShow in Project Structure dialog
Error:Failed to resolve: org.hamcrest:hamcrest-integration:1.3
Open FileShow in Project Structure dialog
and I tried looking at similar questions and their answers but they didn't work for me.
I tried deleting the testCompile line in gradle.build, and I tried adding the url maven "{ url 'http://repo1.maven.org/maven2' }" in the gradle.build file, and I checked the firewall and I downloaded the junit.jar and nothing worked.
Edit:
build.gradle (module)
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 25
buildToolsVersion "26.0.0"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.tasneem.sunshine"
minSdkVersion 19
targetSdkVersion 25
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
repositories {
maven { url 'http://repo1.maven.org/maven2' }
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.3.1'
compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
}
build.gradle (project)
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.3'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}

First of all, connect your internet connection then update your junit library.

I figured out a way to fix this. this is not a solution to the error but it will help you run the project if you have the same errors as me and no other method worked. I downloaded a new gradle and extracted it to C:/Users/Username/gradle/wrapper/dist folder then changed the gradle in Android studio from file->settings
I also commented the whole testCompile block in the gradle (module) file and removed junit4.12 from the module settings of the project.
This seemed to fix the problem and I could run the project on my Android device.

can't build android project it shows error

project gradle
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0-alpha3'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:3.0.0'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
App Gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 25
buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.arun4fms.efix"
minSdkVersion 17
targetSdkVersion 25
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE-FIREBASE.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-database:10.2.0'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-crash:10.2.0'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-auth:10.2.0'
compile 'com.chabbal:slidingdotsplash:1.0.2'
compile 'com.google.firebase:firebase-core:10.2.0'
compile 'com.firebase:firebase-client-android:2.5.2'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.2.0'
compile 'com.android.support:design:25.2.0'
compile 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
}
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
Error:A problem occurred configuring root project 'webapp'.
Could not resolve all dependencies for configuration ':classpath'.
Could not find com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0-alpha3.
Searched in the following locations:
file:/C:/Program Files/Android/Android Studio/gradle/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.0-alpha3/gradle-3.0.0-alpha3.pom
file:/C:/Program Files/Android/Android Studio/gradle/m2repository/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.0-alpha3/gradle-3.0.0-alpha3.jar
https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.0-alpha3/gradle-3.0.0-alpha3.pom
https://jcenter.bintray.com/com/android/tools/build/gradle/3.0.0-alpha3/gradle-3.0.0-alpha3.jar
Required by:
project :

As already answered here:
Google have new maven repo, so it could be the reason.
https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2017/05/android-studio-3-0-canary1.html
section Google's Maven Repository
https://developer.android.com/studio/preview/features/new-android-plugin-migration.html
https://developer.android.com/studio/build/dependencies.html#google-maven
Add Google’s Maven Repository to the buildscript repositories section to fix it like #KG87 did here.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
maven { url "https://maven.google.com" } // Add this line to fix it
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0-alpha3'
...
}
}
As explained here:
The repositories in the buildScript block are used to fetch the
dependencies of your buildScript dependencies. These are the
dependencies that are put on the classpath of your build and that you
can refer to from your build file. For instance, extra plugins that
exist on the internet.
The repositories on the root level are used to fetch the dependencies
that your project depends on. So all the dependencies you need to
compile your project.
And here:
The buildScript block determines which plugins, task classes, and
other classes are available for use in the rest of the build script.
Without a buildScript block, you can use everything that ships with
Gradle out-of-the-box. If you additionally want to use third-party
plugins, task classes, or other classes (in the build script!), you
have to specify the corresponding dependencies in the buildScript
block.
As announced here:
The Android Gradle Plugin 3.0.0-alpha3 was also released through
maven.google.com.
So, try to fix it by adding Google’s Maven Repository.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
maven {
url "https://maven.google.com"
}
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0-alpha3'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
Also add the repository here for other dependencies like the support libraries like this:
Make sure that the repositories section includes a maven section with
the "https://maven.google.com" endpoint. For example:
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
maven {
url "https://maven.google.com"
}
}
}
The difference is explained here
The "buildscript" block only controls dependencies for the buildscript
process itself, not for the application code, which the top-level
"dependencies" block controls.
For instance, you could define dependencies in "buildscript/classpath"
that represent Gradle plugins used in the build process. Those plugins
would not be referenced as dependencies for the application code.
As commented here by #lugegege, this version doesn't exist in Bintray JCenter:
com.android.tools.build.gradle
latest version is 2.5.0-alpha-preview-02, there is no 3.0.0-alpha3

com.android.tools.build.gradle latest version is 2.5.0-alpha-preview-02, there is no 3.0.0-alpha3

Use this.. This may work because this worked in my case:
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.0.0-alpha3'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:2.0.0-alpha3'
}
and put this at the end of the app-level build.gradle file (after the dependencies).
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
I have no clue why putting this at the end (and not at the beginning ) solves the error.
Ok… So trying to put an end to all problems you guys have faced with my solution
This is my final app level gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 23
buildToolsVersion "23.0.2"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "your-app-name"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 23
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'),
'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:8.4.0'
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.1'
compile 'com.mcxiaoke.volley:library:1.0.6#aar'
}
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
and this is my final project level gradle
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.0.0-alpha3'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:2.0.0-alpha3'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
Compare this with your own gradle files, and add or modify any values which are different from what I've written.

I had the same problem this morning !
As Vishal said, there is no gradle-3.0.0-alpha3..
I am sure that, since I downloaded "Android studio 3.0 Canary (Alpha3)", I was on on the same version of gradle (3.0.0 alpha3), and it worked ! (Since today).
So I've put : classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.3.2' to compile.
EDIT : I have two versions of Android studio, When I used Android Studio 3.0, it changes gradle to gradle 3.0.0-alpha3 !

write these gradles..
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.0.2'
compile 'com.android.support:design:25.0.2'
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.2.3'

How i can export Android code to java library in Android Studio

I'm developing a library for an Android application, I wrote some classes that contains different functions.
I have a problem in the exporting process from Java to Jar. I did the following:
1) From an existing source code, File -> New module -> Java Library
2) Android Studio at this point create a "sub project", with a default class
3) Cut and paste my java code in the library created at point 2
At this point I have some problems/questions:
Some part of code cannot be resolved like ByteBuffer, JSON...
Should I import in the JSON - HTTP library?
I don't understand why ConnectivityManager, NetworkInfo cannot be resolved.
EDIT 1
app gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 23
buildToolsVersion "23.0.3"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "MY ID"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 23
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.3.0'
compile files('libs/httpcore-4.4.4.jar')
}
Di gradle
apply plugin: 'java'
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
}
Project gradle
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.1.0'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}

The problem is that you are moving the code in another subproject and then building it differently. To fix this, assuming you are using Android Studio, move into your module Gradle.build file all the library you need in the new module.