Cannot convert int to string in Java - java

I get an error: cannot convert int to string in Java
Script simply extracts a 'hidden' word inside a string by taking the first 2 letters, mid letter and last 2 letters
Here's my code:
package hello;
import java.util.*;
public class hello {
public static String extract(String input) {
if (input.length()>5) {
int len = input.length();
return input.charAt(0) + input.charAt(1) + input.charAt(len/2)+ input.charAt(len-2)+ input.charAt(len-1);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Enter a word:");
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
String input = sc.nextLine();
String output = extract(input);
System.out.println(output);
}
}

return input.charAt(0) + input.charAt(1) + input.charAt(len/2)+ input.charAt(len-2)+ input.charAt(len-1)
char is an int type. If you add together a bunch of characters, you get an int, not a string.
On the other hand, if you add a string to a char, or to another string, then they are concatenated into another string:
return input.substring(0,2) + input.charAt(len/2) + input.substring(len-2);
Edit
Your method currently only returns if input.length()>5. If the length is 5 or less, your method doesn't know what it should return, so the code will not compile.
If you know what your method should return in this case, add an extra return after your if block.
public static String extract(String input) {
int len = input.length();
if (len >= 5) {
return input.substring(0,2) + input.charAt(len/2) + input.substring(len-2);
}
return input; // must return something if the length was less than 5.
}
Alternatively, you might want to throw an exception if your string is too short.

When you use + between two chars it considered like you sum two integer for example :
'a' + 'b'
Is equivalent to :
97 + 98
In your case you can use String.copyValueOf to create a String from your chars.
return String.copyValueOf(new
char[] {
input.charAt(0), input.charAt(1), input.charAt(len / 2),
input.charAt(len - 2), input.charAt(len - 1)
}
);
This will create a String from this chars.
Your method still need to return a default value if your condition is not correct.
public static String extract(String input) {
if (input.length() > 5) {
int len = input.length();
return String.copyValueOf(new
char[] {
input.charAt(0), input.charAt(1), input.charAt(len / 2),
input.charAt(len - 2), input.charAt(len - 1)
}
);
}
return "";//if the condition is wrong return empty string or null
}

Related

Split String from the last iteration

This post is an update to this one : get specific character in a string with regex and remove unused zero
In the first place, i wanted to remove with an regular expression the unused zero in the last match.
I found that the regular expression is a bit overkill for what i need.
Here is what i would like now,
I would like to use split() method
to get from this :
String myString = "2020-LI50532-3329-00100"
this :
String data1 = "2020"
String data2 = "LI50532"
String data3 = "3329"
String data4 = "00100"
So then i can remove from the LAST data the unused Zero
to convert "00100" in "100"
And then concatenate all the data to get this
"2020-LI50532-3329-100"
Im not familiar with the split method, if anyone can enlight me about this ^^
You can use substring method to get rid of the leading zeros...
String myString = "2020-LI50532-3329-00100";
String[] data = myString.split("-");
data[3] = data[3].substring(2);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(data[0] + "-" + data[1] + "-" + data[2] + "-" + data[3]);
String result = sb.toString();
System.out.println(result);
Assuming that we want to remove the leading zeroes of ONLY the last block, maybe we can:
Extract the last block
Convert it to Integer and back to String to remove leading zeroes
Replace the last block with the String obtained in above step
Something like this:
public String removeLeadingZeroesFromLastBlock(String text) {
int indexOfLastDelimiter = text.lastIndexOf('-');
if (indexOfLastDelimiter >= 0) {
String lastBlock = text.substring(indexOfLastDelimiter + 1);
String lastBlockWithoutLeadingZeroes = String.valueOf(Integer.valueOf(lastBlock)); // will throw exception if last block is not an int
return text.substring(0, indexOfLastDelimiter + 1).concat(lastBlockWithoutLeadingZeroes);
}
return text;
}
Solution using regex:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Test
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-3329-00100"));
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-3329-00001"));
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-03329-00100"));
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-03329-00001"));
}
static String parse(String str) {
return str.replaceAll("0+(?=[1-9]\\d*$)", "");
}
}
Output:
2020-LI50532-3329-100
2020-LI50532-3329-1
2020-LI50532-03329-100
2020-LI50532-03329-1
Explanation of the regex:
One or more zeros followed by a non-zero digit which can be optionally followed by any digit(s) until the end of the string (specified by $).
Solution without using regex:
You can do it also by using Integer.parseInt which can parse a string like 00100 into 100.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Test
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-3329-00100"));
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-3329-00001"));
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-03329-00100"));
System.out.println(parse("2020-LI50532-03329-00001"));
}
static String parse(String str) {
String[] parts = str.split("-");
try {
parts[parts.length - 1] = String.valueOf(Integer.parseInt(parts[parts.length - 1]));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
// Do nothing
}
return String.join("-", parts);
}
}
Output:
2020-LI50532-3329-100
2020-LI50532-3329-1
2020-LI50532-03329-100
2020-LI50532-03329-1
you can convert the last string portion to integer type like below for removing unused zeros:
String myString = "2020-LI50532-3329-00100";
String[] data = myString.split("-");
data[3] = data[3].substring(2);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(data[0] + "-" + data[1] + "-" + data[2] + "-" + Integer.parseInt(data[3]));
String result = sb.toString();
System.out.println(result);
You should avoid String manipulation where possible and rely on existing types in the Java language. One such type is the Integer. It looks like your code consists of 4 parts - Year (Integer) - String - Integer - Integer.
So to properly validate it I would use the following code:
Scanner scan = new Scanner("2020-LI50532-3329-00100");
scan.useDelimiter("-");
Integer firstPart = scan.nextInt();
String secondPart = scan.next();
Integer thirdPart = scan.nextInt();
Integer fourthPart = scan.nextInt();
Or alternatively something like:
String str = "00100";
int num = Integer.parseInt(str);
System.out.println(num);
If you want to reconstruct your original value, you should probably use a NumberFormat to add the missing 0s.
The main points are:
Always try to reuse existing code and tools available in your language
Always try to use available types (LocalDate, Integer, Long)
Create your own types (classes) and use the expressiveness of the Object Oriented language
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(trimLeadingZeroesFromLastPart("2020-LI50532-03329-00100"));
}
private static String trimLeadingZeroesFromLastPart(String input) {
String delem = "-";
String result = "";
if (input != null && !input.isEmpty()) {
String[] data = input.split(delem);
StringBuilder tempStrBldr = new StringBuilder();
for (int idx = 0; idx < data.length; idx++) {
if (idx == data.length - 1) {
tempStrBldr.append(trimLeadingZeroes(data[idx]));
} else {
tempStrBldr.append(data[idx]);
}
tempStrBldr.append(delem);
}
result = tempStrBldr.substring(0, tempStrBldr.length() - 1);
}
return result;
}
private static String trimLeadingZeroes(String input) {
int idx;
for (idx = 0; idx < input.length() - 1; idx++) {
if (input.charAt(idx) != '0') {
break;
}
}
return input.substring(idx);
}
}
Output:
2020-LI50532-3329-100

How to split a string in format AB123 --> AB 123? Java

I have a string in format AB123. I want to split it between the AB and 123 so AB123 becomes AB 123. The contents of the string can differ but the format stays the same. Is there a way to do this?
Following up with the latest information you provided (2 letters then 3 numbers):
myString.subString(0, 2) + " " + myString.subString(2)
What this does: you split your input string myString at the 2nd character and append a space at this position.
Explanation: \D represents non-digit and \d represents a digit in a regular expression and I used ternary operation in the regex to split charter to the number.
String string = "AB123";
String[] split = string.split("(?<=\\D)(?=\\d)");
System.out.println(split[0]+" "+split[1]);
Try
String a = "abcd1234";
int i;
for(i = 0; i < a.length(); i++){
char c = a.charAt(i);
if( '0' <= c && c <= '9' )
break;
}
String alphaPart = a.substring(0, i);
String numberPart = a.substring(i);
Hope this helps
Although I would personally use the method provided in #RakeshMothukur's answer, since it also works when the letter or digit counts increase/decrease later on, I wanted to provide an additional method to insert the space between the two letters and three digits:
String str = "AB123";
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(str);
sb.insert(2, " "); // Insert a space at 0-based index 2; a.k.a. after the first 2 characters
String result = sb.toString(); // Convert the StringBuilder back to a String
Try it online.
Here you go. I wrote it in very simple way to make things clear.
What it does is : After it takes user input, it converts the string into Char array and it checks single character if its INT or non INT.
In each iteration it compares the data type with the prev character and prints accordingly.
Alternate Solutions
1) Using ASCII range (difficulty = easy)
2) Override a method and check 2 variables at a time. (difficulty = Intermediate)
import org.omg.CORBA.INTERNAL;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
char[] s = br.readLine().toCharArray();
int prevflag, flag = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < s.length; i++) {
int a = Character.getNumericValue(s[i]);
String b = String.valueOf(s[i]);
prevflag = flag;
flag = checktype(a, b);
if ((prevflag == flag) || (i == 0))
System.out.print(s[i]);
else
System.out.print(" " + s[i]);
}
}
public static int checktype(int x, String y) {
int flag = 0;
if (String.valueOf(x).equals(y))
flag = 1; // INT
else
flag = 2; // non INT
return flag;
}
}
I was waiting for a compile to finish before heading out, so threw together a slightly over-engineered example with basic error checking and a test.
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.LinkedList;
public class Main {
static public class ParsedData {
public final String prefix;
public final Integer number;
public ParsedData(String _prefix, Integer _number) {
prefix = _prefix;
number = _number;
}
#Override
public String toString() {
return prefix + "\t" + number.toString();
}
}
static final String TEST_DATA[] = {"AB123", "JX7272", "FX402", "ADF123", "JD3Q2", "QB778"};
public static void main(String[] args) {
parseDataArray(TEST_DATA);
}
public static ParsedData[] parseDataArray(String[] inputs) {
LinkedList<ParsedData> results = new LinkedList<ParsedData>();
for (String s : TEST_DATA) {
try {
System.out.println("Parsing: " + s);
if (s.length() != 5) throw new ParseException("Input Length incorrect: " + s.length(), 0);
String _prefix = s.substring(0, 2);
Integer _num = Integer.parseInt(s.substring(2));
results.add(new ParsedData(_prefix, _num));
} catch (ParseException | NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.printf("\"%s\", %s\n", s, e.toString());
}
}
return results.toArray(new ParsedData[results.size()]);
}
}

Recursively decompressing a String

I have this assignment that needs me to decompress a previously compressed string.
Examples of this would be
i4a --> iaaaa
q3w2ai2b --> qwwwaaibb
3a --> aaa
Here's what I've written so far:
public static String decompress(String compressedText)
{
char c;
char let;
int num;
String done = "";
String toBeDone = "";
String toBeDone2 = "";
if(compressedText.length() <= 1)
{
return compressedText;
}
if (Character.isLetter(compressedText.charAt(0)))
{
done = compressedText.substring(0,1);
toBeDone = compressedText.substring(1);
return done + decompress(toBeDone);
}
else
{
c = compressedText.charAt(0);
num = Character.getNumericValue(c);
let = compressedText.charAt(1);
if (num > 0)
{
num--;
toBeDone = num + Character.toString(let);
toBeDone2 = compressedText.substring(2);
return Character.toString(let) + decompress(toBeDone) + decompress(toBeDone2);
}
else
{
toBeDone2 = compressedText.substring(2);
return Character.toString(let) + decompress(toBeDone2);
}
}
}
My return values are absolutely horrendous.
"ab" yields "babb" somehow.
"a" or any 1 letter string string yields the right result
"2a" yields "aaaaaaaaaaa"
"2a3b" gives me "aaaabbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbaaabbbbaaaabbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb"
The only place I can see a mistake in would probably be the last else section, since I wasn't entirely sure on what to do once the number reaches 0 and I have to stop using recursion on the letter after it. Other than that, I can't really see a problem that gives such horrifying outputs.
I reckon something like this would work:
public static String decompress(String compressedText) {
if (compressedText.length() <= 1) {
return compressedText;
}
char c = compressedText.charAt(0);
if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
return String.join("", Collections.nCopies(Character.digit(c, 10), compressedText.substring(1, 2))) + decompress(compressedText.substring(2));
}
return compressedText.charAt(0) + decompress(compressedText.substring(1));
}
As you can see, the base case is when the compressed String has a length less than or equal to 1 (as you have it in your program).
Then, we check if the first character is a digit. If so, we substitute in the correct amount of characters, and continue with the recursive process until we reach the base case.
If the first character is not a digit, then we simply append it and continue.
Keep in mind that this will only work with numbers from 1 to 9; if you require higher values, let me know!
EDIT 1: If the Collections#nCopies method is too complex, here is an equivalent method:
if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < Character.digit(c, 10); i++) {
sb.append(compressedText.charAt(1));
}
return sb.toString() + decompress(compressedText.substring(2));
}
EDIT 2: Here is a method that uses a recursive helper-method to repeat a String:
public static String decompress(String compressedText) {
if (compressedText.length() <= 1) {
return compressedText;
}
char c = compressedText.charAt(0);
if (Character.isDigit(c)) {
return repeatCharacter(compressedText.charAt(1), Character.digit(c, 10)) + decompress(compressedText.substring(2));
}
return compressedText.charAt(0) + decompress(compressedText.substring(1));
}
public static String repeatCharacter(char character, int counter) {
if (counter == 1) {
return Character.toString(character);
}
return character + repeatCharacter(character, counter - 1);
}

How to remove single character from a String by index

For accessing individual characters of a String in Java, we have String.charAt(2). Is there any inbuilt function to remove an individual character of a String in java?
Something like this:
if(String.charAt(1) == String.charAt(2){
//I want to remove the individual character at index 2.
}
You can also use the StringBuilder class which is mutable.
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(inputString);
It has the method deleteCharAt(), along with many other mutator methods.
Just delete the characters that you need to delete and then get the result as follows:
String resultString = sb.toString();
This avoids creation of unnecessary string objects.
You can use Java String method called replace, which will replace all characters matching the first parameter with the second parameter:
String a = "Cool";
a = a.replace("o","");
One possibility:
String result = str.substring(0, index) + str.substring(index+1);
Note that the result is a new String (as well as two intermediate String objects), because Strings in Java are immutable.
No, because Strings in Java are immutable. You'll have to create a new string removing the character you don't want.
For replacing a single char c at index position idx in string str, do something like this, and remember that a new string will be created:
String newstr = str.substring(0, idx) + str.substring(idx + 1);
String str = "M1y java8 Progr5am";
deleteCharAt()
StringBuilder build = new StringBuilder(str);
System.out.println("Pre Builder : " + build);
build.deleteCharAt(1); // Shift the positions front.
build.deleteCharAt(8-1);
build.deleteCharAt(15-2);
System.out.println("Post Builder : " + build);
replace()
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer(str);
buffer.replace(1, 2, ""); // Shift the positions front.
buffer.replace(7, 8, "");
buffer.replace(13, 14, "");
System.out.println("Buffer : "+buffer);
char[]
char[] c = str.toCharArray();
String new_Str = "";
for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
if (!(i == 1 || i == 8 || i == 15))
new_Str += c[i];
}
System.out.println("Char Array : "+new_Str);
To modify Strings, read about StringBuilder because it is mutable except for immutable String. Different operations can be found here https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/data/buffers.html. The code snippet below creates a StringBuilder and then append the given String and then delete the first character from the String and then convert it back from StringBuilder to a String.
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append(str);
sb.deleteCharAt(0);
str = sb.toString();
Consider the following code:
public String removeChar(String str, Integer n) {
String front = str.substring(0, n);
String back = str.substring(n+1, str.length());
return front + back;
}
You may also use the (huge) regexp machine.
inputString = inputString.replaceFirst("(?s)(.{2}).(.*)", "$1$2");
"(?s)" - tells regexp to handle newlines like normal characters (just in case).
"(.{2})" - group $1 collecting exactly 2 characters
"." - any character at index 2 (to be squeezed out).
"(.*)" - group $2 which collects the rest of the inputString.
"$1$2" - putting group $1 and group $2 together.
If you want to remove a char from a String str at a specific int index:
public static String removeCharAt(String str, int index) {
// The part of the String before the index:
String str1 = str.substring(0,index);
// The part of the String after the index:
String str2 = str.substring(index+1,str.length());
// These two parts together gives the String without the specified index
return str1+str2;
}
By the using replace method we can change single character of string.
string= string.replace("*", "");
Use replaceFirst function of String class. There are so many variants of replace function that you can use.
If you need some logical control over character removal, use this
String string = "sdsdsd";
char[] arr = string.toCharArray();
// Run loop or whatever you need
String ss = new String(arr);
If you don't need any such control, you can use what Oscar orBhesh mentioned. They are spot on.
Easiest way to remove a char from string
String str="welcome";
str=str.replaceFirst(String.valueOf(str.charAt(2)),"");//'l' will replace with ""
System.out.println(str);//output: wecome
public class RemoveCharFromString {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String output = remove("Hello", 'l');
System.out.println(output);
}
private static String remove(String input, char c) {
if (input == null || input.length() <= 1)
return input;
char[] inputArray = input.toCharArray();
char[] outputArray = new char[inputArray.length];
int outputArrayIndex = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < inputArray.length; i++) {
char p = inputArray[i];
if (p != c) {
outputArray[outputArrayIndex] = p;
outputArrayIndex++;
}
}
return new String(outputArray, 0, outputArrayIndex);
}
}
In most use-cases using StringBuilder or substring is a good approach (as already answered). However, for performance critical code, this might be a good alternative.
/**
* Delete a single character from index position 'start' from the 'target' String.
*
* ````
* deleteAt("ABC", 0) -> "BC"
* deleteAt("ABC", 1) -> "B"
* deleteAt("ABC", 2) -> "C"
* ````
*/
public static String deleteAt(final String target, final int start) {
return deleteAt(target, start, start + 1);
}
/**
* Delete the characters from index position 'start' to 'end' from the 'target' String.
*
* ````
* deleteAt("ABC", 0, 1) -> "BC"
* deleteAt("ABC", 0, 2) -> "C"
* deleteAt("ABC", 1, 3) -> "A"
* ````
*/
public static String deleteAt(final String target, final int start, int end) {
final int targetLen = target.length();
if (start < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("start=" + start);
}
if (end > targetLen || end < start) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("end=" + end);
}
if (start == 0) {
return end == targetLen ? "" : target.substring(end);
} else if (end == targetLen) {
return target.substring(0, start);
}
final char[] buffer = new char[targetLen - end + start];
target.getChars(0, start, buffer, 0);
target.getChars(end, targetLen, buffer, start);
return new String(buffer);
}
*You can delete string value use the StringBuilder and deletecharAt.
String s1 = "aabc";
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s1);
for(int i=0;i<sb.length();i++)
{
char temp = sb.charAt(0);
if(sb.indexOf(temp+"")!=1)
{
sb.deleteCharAt(sb.indexOf(temp+""));
}
}
To Remove a Single character from The Given String please find my method hope it will be usefull. i have used str.replaceAll to remove the string but their are many ways to remove a character from a given string but i prefer replaceall method.
Code For Remove Char:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
public class Removecharacter
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String result = removeChar("Java", 'a');
String result1 = removeChar("Edition", 'i');
System.out.println(result + " " + result1);
}
public static String removeChar(String str, char c) {
if (str == null)
{
return null;
}
else
{
return str.replaceAll(Character.toString(c), "");
}
}
}
Console image :
please find The Attached image of console,
Thanks For Asking. :)
public static String removechar(String fromString, Character character) {
int indexOf = fromString.indexOf(character);
if(indexOf==-1)
return fromString;
String front = fromString.substring(0, indexOf);
String back = fromString.substring(indexOf+1, fromString.length());
return front+back;
}
BufferedReader input=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String line1=input.readLine();
String line2=input.readLine();
char[] a=line2.toCharArray();
char[] b=line1.toCharArray();
loop: for(int t=0;t<a.length;t++) {
char a1=a[t];
for(int t1=0;t1<b.length;t1++) {
char b1=b[t1];
if(a1==b1) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(line1);
sb.deleteCharAt(t1);
line1=sb.toString();
b=line1.toCharArray();
list.add(a1);
continue loop;
}
}
When I have these kinds of questions I always ask: "what would the Java Gurus do?" :)
And I'd answer that, in this case, by looking at the implementation of String.trim().
Here's an extrapolation of that implementation that allows for more trim characters to be used.
However, note that original trim actually removes all chars that are <= ' ', so you may have to combine this with the original to get the desired result.
String trim(String string, String toTrim) {
// input checks removed
if (toTrim.length() == 0)
return string;
final char[] trimChars = toTrim.toCharArray();
Arrays.sort(trimChars);
int start = 0;
int end = string.length();
while (start < end &&
Arrays.binarySearch(trimChars, string.charAt(start)) >= 0)
start++;
while (start < end &&
Arrays.binarySearch(trimChars, string.charAt(end - 1)) >= 0)
end--;
return string.substring(start, end);
}
public String missingChar(String str, int n) {
String front = str.substring(0, n);
// Start this substring at n+1 to omit the char.
// Can also be shortened to just str.substring(n+1)
// which goes through the end of the string.
String back = str.substring(n+1, str.length());
return front + back;
}
I just implemented this utility class that removes a char or a group of chars from a String. I think it's fast because doesn't use Regexp. I hope that it helps someone!
package your.package.name;
/**
* Utility class that removes chars from a String.
*
*/
public class RemoveChars {
public static String remove(String string, String remove) {
return new String(remove(string.toCharArray(), remove.toCharArray()));
}
public static char[] remove(final char[] chars, char[] remove) {
int count = 0;
char[] buffer = new char[chars.length];
for (int i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
boolean include = true;
for (int j = 0; j < remove.length; j++) {
if ((chars[i] == remove[j])) {
include = false;
break;
}
}
if (include) {
buffer[count++] = chars[i];
}
}
char[] output = new char[count];
System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, output, 0, count);
return output;
}
/**
* For tests!
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
String string = "THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG";
String remove = "AEIOU";
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Remove AEIOU: " + string);
System.out.println("Result: " + RemoveChars.remove(string, remove));
}
}
This is the output:
Remove AEIOU: THE QUICK BROWN FOX JUMPS OVER THE LAZY DOG
Result: TH QCK BRWN FX JMPS VR TH LZY DG
For example if you want to calculate how many a's are there in the String, you can do it like this:
if (string.contains("a"))
{
numberOf_a++;
string = string.replaceFirst("a", "");
}

How to increment a java String through all the possibilities?

I need to increment a String in java from "aaaaaaaa" to "aaaaaab" to "aaaaaac" up through the alphabet, then eventually to "aaaaaaba" to "aaaaaabb" etc. etc.
Is there a trick for this?
You're basically implementing a Base 26 number system with leading "zeroes" ("a").
You do it the same way you convert a int to a base-2 or base-10 String, but instead of using 2 or 10, you use 26 and instead of '0' as your base, you use 'a'.
In Java you can easily use this:
public static String base26(int num) {
if (num < 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Only positive numbers are supported");
}
StringBuilder s = new StringBuilder("aaaaaaa");
for (int pos = 6; pos >= 0 && num > 0 ; pos--) {
char digit = (char) ('a' + num % 26);
s.setCharAt(pos, digit);
num = num / 26;
}
return s.toString();
}
The basic idea then is to not store the String, but just some counter (int an int or a long, depending on your requirements) and to convert it to the String as needed. This way you can easily increase/decrease/modify your counter without having to parse and re-create the String.
The following code uses a recursive approach to get the next string (let's say, from "aaaa" to "aaab" and so on) without the need of producing all the previous combinations, so it's rather fast and it's not limited to a given maximum string length.
public class StringInc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(next("aaa")); // Prints aab
System.out.println(next("abcdzz")); // Prints abceaa
System.out.println(next("zzz")); // Prints aaaa
}
public static String next(String s) {
int length = s.length();
char c = s.charAt(length - 1);
if(c == 'z')
return length > 1 ? next(s.substring(0, length - 1)) + 'a' : "aa";
return s.substring(0, length - 1) + ++c;
}
}
As some folks pointed out, this is tail recursive, so you can reformulate it replacing the recursion with a loop.
Increment the last character, and if it reaches Z, reset it to A and move to the previous characters. Repeat until you find a character that's not Z. Because Strings are immutable, I suggest using an array of characters instead to avoid allocating lots and lots of new objects.
public static void incrementString(char[] str)
{
for(int pos = str.length - 1; pos >= 0; pos--)
{
if(Character.toUpperCase(str[pos]) != 'Z')
{
str[pos]++;
break;
}
else
str[pos] = 'a';
}
}
you can use big integer's toString(radix) method like:
import java.math.BigInteger;
public class Strings {
Strings(final int digits,final int radix) {
this(digits,radix,BigInteger.ZERO);
}
Strings(final int digits,final int radix,final BigInteger number) {
this.digits=digits;
this.radix=radix;
this.number=number;
}
void addOne() {
number=number.add(BigInteger.ONE);
}
public String toString() {
String s=number.toString(radix);
while(s.length()<digits)
s='0'+s;
return s;
}
public char convert(final char c) {
if('0'<=c&&c<='9')
return (char)('a'+(c-'0'));
else if('a'<=c&&c<='p')
return (char)(c+10);
else throw new RuntimeException("more logic required for radix: "+radix);
}
public char convertInverse(final char c) {
if('a'<=c&&c<='j')
return (char)('0'+(c-'a'));
else if('k'<=c&&c<='z')
return (char)(c-10);
else throw new RuntimeException("more logic required for radix: "+radix);
}
void testFix() {
for(int i=0;i<radix;i++)
if(convert(convertInverse((char)('a'+i)))!='a'+i)
throw new RuntimeException("testFix fails for "+i);
}
public String toMyString() {
String s=toString(),t="";
for(int i=0;i<s.length();i++)
t+=convert(s.charAt(i));
return t;
}
public static void main(String[] arguments) {
Strings strings=new Strings(8,26);
strings.testFix();
System.out.println(strings.number.toString()+' '+strings+' '+strings.toMyString());
for(int i=0;i<Math.pow(strings.radix,3);i++)
try {
strings.addOne();
if(Math.abs(i-i/strings.radix*strings.radix)<2)
System.out.println(strings.number.toString()+' '+strings+' '+strings.toMyString());
} catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(""+i+' '+strings+" failed!");
}
}
final int digits,radix;
BigInteger number;
}
I'd have to agree with #saua's approach if you only wanted the final result, but here is a slight variation on it in the case you want every result.
Note that since there are 26^8 (or 208827064576) different possible strings, I doubt you want them all. That said, my code prints them instead of storing only one in a String Builder. (Not that it really matters, though.)
public static void base26(int maxLength) {
buildWord(maxLength, "");
}
public static void buildWord(int remaining, String word)
{
if (remaining == 0)
{
System.out.println(word);
}
else
{
for (char letter = 'A'; letter <= 'Z'; ++letter)
{
buildWord(remaining-1, word + letter);
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
base26(8);
}
I would create a character array and increment the characters individually. Strings are immutable in Java, so each change would create a new spot on the heap resulting in memory growing and growing.
With a character array, you shouldn't have that problem...
Have an array of byte that contain ascii values, and have loop that increments the far right digit while doing carry overs.
Then create the string using
public String(byte[] bytes, String charsetName)
Make sure you pass in the charset as US-ASCII or UTF-8 to be unambiguous.
Just expanding on the examples, as to Implementation, consider putting this into a Class... Each time you call toString of the Class it would return the next value:
public class Permutator {
private int permutation;
private int permutations;
private StringBuilder stringbuilder;
public Permutator(final int LETTERS) {
if (LETTERS < 1) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Usage: Permutator( \"1 or Greater Required\" \)");
}
this.permutation = 0;
// MAGIC NUMBER : 26 = Number of Letters in the English Alphabet
this.permutations = (int) Math.pow(26, LETTERS);
this.stringbuilder = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < LETTERS; ++i) {
this.stringbuilder.append('a');
}
}
public String getCount() {
return String.format("Permutation: %s of %s Permutations.", this.permutation, this.permutations);
}
public int getPermutation() {
return this.permutation;
}
public int getPermutations() {
return this.permutations;
}
private void permutate() {
// TODO: Implement Utilising one of the Examples Posted.
}
public String toString() {
this.permutate();
return this.stringbuilder.toString();
}
}
Building on the solution by #cyberz, the following code is an example of how you could write a recursive call which can be optimized by a compiler that supports Tail Recursion.
The code is written in Groovy, since it runs on the JVM, its syntax closely resembles Java and it's compiler supports tail recursion optimization
static String next(String input) {
return doNext(input, "")
}
#TailRecursive
#CompileStatic
static String doNext(String input, String result) {
if(!self) {
return result
}
final String last = input[-1]
final String nonLast = self.substring(0, input.size()-1)
if('z' == last) {
return doNext(nonLast, (nonLast ? 'a' : 'aa') + result)
}
return doNext('', nonLast + (((last as Character) + 1) as Character).toString() + result)
}
Since none of the answers were useful to me, I wrote my own code:
/**
* Increases the given String value by one. Examples (with min 'a' and max 'z'): <p>
*
* - "aaa" -> "aab" <br>
* - "aab" -> "aac" <br>
* - "aaz" -> "aba" <br>
* - "zzz" -> "aaaa" <br>
*
* #param s
* #param min lowest char (a zero)
* #param max highest char (e.g. a 9, in a decimal system)
* #return increased String by 1
*/
public static String incString(String s, char min, char max) {
char last = s.charAt(s.length() - 1);
if (++last > max)
return s.length() > 1 ? incString(s.substring(0, s.length()-1), min, max) + min : "" + min + min;
else
return s.substring(0, s.length()-1) + last;
}
public static String incrementString(String string)
{
if(string.length()==1)
{
if(string.equals("z"))
return "aa";
else if(string.equals("Z"))
return "Aa";
else
return (char)(string.charAt(0)+1)+"";
}
if(string.charAt(string.length()-1)!='z')
{
return string.substring(0, string.length()-1)+(char)(string.charAt(string.length()-1)+1);
}
return incrementString(string.substring(0, string.length()-1))+"a";
}
Works for all standard string containing alphabets
I have approach using for loop which is fairly simple to understand. based on [answer]: https://stackoverflow.com/a/2338415/9675605 cyberz answer.
This also uses org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils. to insert letter on first position. you can create your own util for it. If someone finds helpful.
import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
public class StringInc {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(next("aaa")); // Prints aab
System.out.println(next("abcdzz")); // Prints abceaa
System.out.println(next("zzz")); // Prints aaaa
}
public static String next(String str) {
boolean increment = true;
char[] arr = str.toCharArray();
for (int i = arr.length - 1; i >= 0 && increment; i--) {
char letter = arr[i];
if (letter != 'z') {
letter++;
increment = false;
} else {
letter = 'a';
}
arr[i] = letter;
}
if (increment) {
arr = ArrayUtils.insert(0, arr, 'a');
}
return new String(arr);
}
It's not much of a "trick", but this works for 4-char strings. Obviously it gets uglier for longer strings, but the idea is the same.
char array[] = new char[4];
for (char c0 = 'a'; c0 <= 'z'; c0++) {
array[0] = c0;
for (char c1 = 'a'; c1 <= 'z'; c1++) {
array[1] = c1;
for (char c2 = 'a'; c2 <= 'z'; c2++) {
array[2] = c2;
for (char c3 = 'a'; c3 <= 'z'; c3++) {
array[3] = c3;
String s = new String(array);
System.out.println(s);
}
}
}
}

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