Difficulty formatting dates in Groovy - java

I am having some issues formatting dates in Groovy. I am trying to convert a string back to a localdate and its not taking it so well....
DateTimeFormatter formatDates = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm");
LocalDate currentLocalDate = LocalDate.now();
// modify the local date to the previous day
LocalDate previousDateLocalDate = currentLocalDate.minusDays(1)
// cast localdates to strings
String startDateString = previousDateLocalDate.toString() + " 00:00"
String endDateString = previousDateLocalDate.toString() + " 23:59"
// cast strings to localdates
LocalDate startDateLocalDate = LocalDate.parse(startDateString, formatDates);
The output is only showing what was in the previousDateLocalDate variable :
2019-03-06
I am not sure why its dropping the hh:mm. Could it be my format or is my syntax wrong. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated. Is it possible when I subtract a day off from my current day to just format it how I need it to be there instead or set the format when I create the LocalDate.now()?
-Thanks
Edit 1: Let me also add that the minusDays may vary so there might be a better way to get the previous day before yesterday but in some cases it might be 7, 11, etc...

Specify time zone explicitly
You should always specify explicitly the desired/expected time zone when calling now. For any given moment, the date varies around the globe by time zone. It might be “tomorrow” in Tokyo Japan while “yesterday” in Casablanca Morocco. When you omit the zone, the JVM’s current default zone is implicitly applied at runtime – so your results may vary.
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "Africa/Casablanca" ) ; // Or `ZoneId.systemDefault` if you actually want the JVM’s current default time zone.
LocalDate ld = LocalDate.now( z ) ; // Capture the current date as seen in the wall-clock time used by the people of a particular region (a time zone).
LocalDate
LocalDate class represents only a date, without time-of-day and without time zone or offset-from-UTC.
If you wish to combine a time-of-day with a date, use one of the other classes.
Date-time math
The java.time classes offer plus… and minus… methods for adding or subtracting a span of time.
LocalDate yesterday = ld.minusDays( 1 ) ;
First moment of the day
Apparently you want the first moment of a date. A couple things to understand here. Firstly, a time zone is needed. As discussed above, a new day dawns at different moments around the globe by zone. Secondly, do not assume the day starts at 00:00:00. Anomalies such as Daylight Saving Time (DST) means the day on some dates in same zones may start at another time, such as 01:00:00. Let java.time determine the first moment.
ZonedDateTime zdt = ld.atStartOfDay( z ) ; // Let java.time determine the first moment of the day.
Half-Open
Apparently you want the end of day. Tracking the last moment of the day is problematic. For example, your 23:59 text will miss any moment of that last minute of the day.
Generally, a better approach to tracking spans of time is the Half-Open approach where the beginning is inclusive while the ending is exclusive. So a day starts with the first moment of the day and runs up to, but does not include, the first moment of the next day.
ZonedDateTime start = ld.atStartOfDay( z ) ; // Start of today.
ZonedDateTime stop = ld.plusDays( 1 ).atStartOfDay( z ) ; // Start of tomorrow.
DateTimeFormatter
To generate strings representing your date-time object’s value, use a DateTimeFormatter object. I’ll not cover that here, as it has been covered many many many times already on Stack Overflow.
DateTimeFormatter f = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern( "uuuu-MM-dd HH:mm" ) ;
String output = zdt.format( f ) ; // Generate text representing the value of this `ZonedDateTime` object.
Keep in mind that date-time objects do not have a “format”, only a textual representation of a date-time object’s value has a format. Do not conflate the string object with the date-time object. A date-time object can parse a string, and can generate a string, but is not itself a string.

try this tool
import grails.gorm.transactions.Transactional
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component
import java.time.LocalDate
import java.time.Period
import java.time.ZoneId
import java.time.chrono.ChronoLocalDate
import java.time.chrono.Chronology
import java.time.chrono.MinguoChronology
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatterBuilder
import java.time.format.DecimalStyle
import java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor
import java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjusters
Date mgStringToDate(String mgString, String separator = "/") {
if(mgString){
Locale locale = Locale.getDefault(Locale.Category.FORMAT);
Chronology chrono = MinguoChronology.INSTANCE;
DateTimeFormatter df = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder().parseLenient()
.appendPattern("yyy${separator}MM${separator}dd").toFormatter().withChronology(chrono)
.withDecimalStyle(DecimalStyle.of(locale));
TemporalAccessor temporal = df.parse(mgString);
ChronoLocalDate cDate = chrono.date(temporal);
Date date = Date.from(LocalDate.from(cDate).atStartOfDay(ZoneId.systemDefault()).toInstant());
return date
}else{
return null
}
}

Related

Java - convert timestamp to Date and back to timestamp changes the date

I'm creating a string out from current time and I wanted to convert it to timestamp again, but the thing is, that it's subtracts 2 hours while converting.
This is the steps I'm doing -
DateTimeFormatterBuilder dateTimeFormatterBuilder = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder().append(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("uuuu-MM-dd")).appendLiteral(" ")
.append(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")).parseLenient();
long ts = Clock.systemUTC().millis();
System.out.println(ts);
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(ts);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(instant, ZoneOffset.UTC);
String str = zonedDateTime.format(dateTimeFormatterBuilder.toFormatter());
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
try {
long timestamp = simpleDateFormat.parse(str).getTime();
System.out.println(timestamp);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
output -
1639065502667
1639058302000
(2021-12-09 15:58:22
2021-12-09 13:58:22)
why is the diff of the 2 hours?
how can I parse it so that the outputs will be equal?
tl;dr
Trying to understand Date, Calendar, and SimpleDateFormat is a huge waste of time. Use only their replacements, the java.time classes.
LocalDateTime // Represent a date with time-of-day, but lacking the context of a time zone or offset-from-UTC. So *not* a moment, *not* a point on the timeline.
.parse( // Parse your text string input into a date-time object.
"2021-12-09 15:58:22" // Your input of date with time-of-day but no offset/zone.
.replace( " " , "T" ) // Replace SPACE with a `T` to comply with standard ISO 8601 format.
) // Returns a `LocalDateTime` object.
.atZone( // Place that date-with-time into the context a particular time zone.
ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" ) // Specify a time zone by its `Continent/Region` name.
) // Returns a `ZonedDateTime` object, a date with time-of-day as seen through the wall-clock time used by the people of a particular region. This *does* represent a moment, *is* a specific point on the timeline.
.toInstant() // Adjust from time zone to UTC (an offset of zero hours-minutes-seconds). This represents the very same moment as the `ZonedDateTime` object above, but as seen through a different wall-clock time.
.toEpochMilli() // Get a count of milliseconds from first moment of 1970 in UTC (1970-01-01T00:00Z) to the moment of our `Instant` object (& `ZonedDateTime` object).
See this code run live at IdeOne.com. There you can click fork to make a copy, alter, and run.
1639083502000
Avoid legacy date-time classes
Regarding your specific question about a two hour difference, the obvious cause would be a time zone difference.
Parsing incomplete information
Your parsing, SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss") is something of a wild card. The result will be a java.util.Date object, which represents a moment, a date with time-of-day as seen with an offset of zero. But your input lacks an indicator of offset or zone. As commented by Sotirios Delimanolis, you are parsing with partial input, with incomplete information.
So some default zone/offset will be applied. I do not know what zone or offset in particular, because I do not care. That terrible class is tragically flawed, and should be avoided.
Also, yet another problem with the Date class is that its toString method has the anti-feature of applying the JVM’s current default time zone to adjust away from the UTC value represented by that class. Very confusing, as this creates the illusion of that zone being a part of Date object but it is not. As I said, a terrible class, tragically flawed.
Use only java.time classes instead.
java.time
Understand that a date with time-of-day is inherently ambiguous, is not a moment.
If you are tracking 4 PM on the 9th, we do not know if that means 4 PM in Tokyo Japan, 4 PM in Toulouse France, or 4 PM in Toledo Ohio US — three very different moments that happen several hours apart.
LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.parse( "2021-12-09 16:00:00" ) ;
To track a moment, a point on the timeline, you must place ne date-with-time in the context of an offset from UTC or of a time zone.
An offset is merely a number of hours-minutes-seconds ahead or behind the baseline of modern timekeeping, the prime meridian at Royal Observatory, Greenwich.
A time zone is much more. A time zone is a named history of the past, present, and future changes to the offset used by the people of a particular region. Each zone has a name in format of Continent/Region such as Europe/Berlin or Asia/Tokyo.
To track moments as seen in UTC, with an offset of zero, use Instant.
Instant instant = Instant.now() ;
To see that same moment through the wall-clock time used by people in a region, apply a ZoneId to get a ZonedDateTime.
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Edmonton" ) ;
ZonedDateTime zdt = instant.atZone( z ) ;
As for your use of SimpleDateFormat, Date, and Calendar, don’t. Avoid these legacy date-time classes. Hey were designed by people who did not understand date-time handling. They were supplanted years ago by the modern java.time classes defined in JSR 310. Sun, Oracle, and the JCP community all gave up on those classes. I suggest you do the same.
In your code:
long ts = Clock.systemUTC().millis();
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(ts);
That is the same as doing this:
Instant.now().truncatedTo( ChronoUnit.MILLISECONDS )
In your code:
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(instant, ZoneOffset.UTC);
(A) When working with mere offsets rather than time zones, use OffsetDateTime class. The ZonedDateTime class is for working with time zones.
(B) A briefer way to adjust from Instant to a zoned moment was shown above:
myInstant.atZone( z )
The answer was only setting the timezone to UTC -
DateTimeFormatterBuilder dateTimeFormatterBuilder = new DateTimeFormatterBuilder().append(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("uuuu-MM-dd")).appendLiteral(" ")
.append(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss")).parseLenient();
long ts = Clock.systemUTC().millis();
System.out.println(ts);
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochMilli(ts);
ZonedDateTime zonedDateTime = ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(instant, ZoneOffset.UTC);
String str = zonedDateTime.format(dateTimeFormatterBuilder.toFormatter());
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
try {
*******
simpleDateFormat.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC"));
*******
long timestamp = simpleDateFormat.parse(str).getTime();
System.out.println(timestamp);
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
The dateTimeFomatter builder uses format without milliseconds and without timezone.
That's why the str value contain no information about them.
Then simpleDateFormat.parse(str) uses timezone of JVM which is UTC+02:00 in this case.
Trace what is going on:
Instant instant = Instant.now();
// => 2021-12-09 15:58:22.798 +00:00
String str = zonedDateTime.format(dateTimeFormatterBuilder.toFormatter());
// => "2021-12-09 15:58:22"
simpleDateFormat.parse(str);
// => 2021-12-09 15:58:22.000 +02:00
You just need to fix the pattern (add millis .SSS and timezone XXX parts) to make the results consistent as expected:
DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("HH:mm:ss.SSSXXX")
// and something similar for SimpleDateFormat if needed
Parsing Instant from a custom formatted string.
This example shows how to parse Instant from serialized time assuming that there is a fixed timezone for all cases.
var serializedDateTime = "2020-01-01 10:20:30";
var zoneId = ZoneOffset.UTC; // may be any other zone
var format = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
var instant = LocalDateTime
.parse(serializedDateTime, format)
// LocalDateTime is unzoned, just representation of (date + time) numbers in a single object
.atZone(zoneId)
// apply a zone to get ZonedDateTime (point in space-time on Earth)
.toInstant();
// convert to Instant (the same point adjusted to UTC+00:00)
Let me guess, your timezone is UTC+2?
simpleDateFormat.parse(str) assume that your date in current system timezone, but it is in UTC.

Date in string to LocalDateTime conversion in java

DateTimes in different formats is always a problem for me. I have a date with the datatype string like "2021-07-25"
I want to convert this date to the datatype LocalDateTime in the format 2021-07-25T00:00:00.000-05:00. I have the get and set property like below
private LocalDateTime relationshipStatusDate;
public LocalDateTime getRelationshipStatusDate() {
return relationshipStatusDate;
}
public void setRelationshipStatusDate(LocalDateTime relationshipStatusDate) {
this.relationshipStatusDate = relationshipStatusDate;
}
public void setRelationshipStatusDate(String time) {
if (time != null) {
try {
long epochTime = Long.parseLong(time);
this.relationshipStatusDate = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochMilli(epochTime), ZoneOffset.UTC);
} catch (NumberFormatException e){
this.relationshipStatusDate = LocalDateTime.parse(time, DateTimeFormatter.ISO_DATE_TIME);
}
}
}
and I am trying to format like below and its failing with an error "Unknown pattern letter T"
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-ddT00:00:00.000-05:00");
LocalDateTime dateTime = LocalDateTime.parse(statusDate, formatter);
Your format won't be parsable as it doesn't support default values like T00:00:00.000-05:00. You could escape literals e.g. use 'T00:00...' but that would just make the parser ignore them.
Instead, if all you get is a date then only parse a date and add the default time after that, e.g. like this:
DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd")
LocalDate date = LocalDate.parse(statusDate, formatter );
LocalDateTime dateTime = date.atStartOfDay(); //"relative" representation as the absolute instant would require adding a timezone
ZonedDateTime zonedDT = date.atSTartOfDay(ZoneOffset.UTC); //"absolute" representation of instant
I want to convert this date to the datatype LocalDateTime in the format 2021-07-25T00:00:00.000-05:00.
Note the potential misconception here: LocalDateTime does NOT have a format. It represents a date and time (from a local point of reference - not in absolute terms as the timezone is missing) and provides access to individual fields such as day of month, day of week etc. but it is not formatted. Formatting is applied when you convert that date object to a string.
tl;dr
LocalDate // Represent a date-only value, without a time-of-day and without a time zone or offset-from-UTC.
.parse( "2021-07-25" ) // Parse a string in standard ISO 8601 format to instantiate a `LocalDate` object.
.atStartOfDay( // Determine the first moment of the day on that date in that zone. NB: The day does *not* always begin at 00:00, so never assume that time.
ZoneId.of( "America/Bogota" ) // Real time zones have a name in Continent/Region format. Never use 2-4 letter pseudo-zones such as `CST` or `IST`.
) // Returns a `ZonedDateTime` object, a moment in the context of a time zone.
.toOffsetDateTime() // Strips away the time zone information, leaving only a date with time-of-day in a particular offset. Returns an `OffsetDateTime` object.
.toString() // Generate text in standard ISO 8601 format.
2021-07-25T00:00-05:00
Details
LocalDateTime is the wrong class
You said:
datatype LocalDateTime in the format 2021-07-25T00:00:00.000-05:00
That is a contradiction. The -05:00 at the end of your string is an offset-from-UTC. A LocalDateTime object has no offset.
You seem to misunderstand the purpose of LocalDateTime. That class does not represent a moment as seen through the wall-clock time with an offset-from-UTC used by the people of a particular region. For that purpose, use OffsetDateTime, or preferably, ZonedDateTime.
Use documentation rather than intuition when programming with unfamiliar classes. To quote the Javadoc for LocalDateTime:
A date-time without a time-zone … such as 2007-12-03T10:15:30.
…
This class does not store or represent a time-zone. Instead, it is a description of the date, as used for birthdays, … It cannot represent an instant on the time-line …
Here is my chart to summarize the types. Three classes represent a moment, while LocalDateTime does not.
You said:
I have a date with the datatype string like "2021-07-25"
So use LocalDate to represent that value.
By default, the java.time classes use standard ISO 8601 format when parsing/generating text. So no need to specify a formatting pattern here, as your input complies with that standard.
LocalDate ld = LocalDate.parse( "2021-07-25" ) ;
You said:
I want to convert this date to … the format 2021-07-25T00:00:00.000-05:00
Your example there uses only a mere offset rather than a time zone. I suggest you use a time zone whenever possible.
An offset is simply a number of hours-minutes-seconds, nothing more. A time zone is much more. A time zone is a history of the past, present, and future changes to the offset used by people of a particular region, as decided by their politicians.
ZoneId
So specify your time zone using Continent/Region naming.
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Cancun" );
ZonedDateTime
Let java.time determine the first moment of the day on that date as seen in that time zone. Be aware that the day does not always start at 00:00. So never hard-code that time-of-day; let java.time do the work here.
ZonedDateTime zdt = ld.atStartOfDay( z ); // Determine the first moment of the day as seen in that zone. Not always 00:00.
Generate text to represent the value inside our ZonedDateTime. The ZonedDateTime#toString method generates text in a format that wisely extends the ISO 8601 format by appending the name of the time zone in square brackets.
String output = zdt.toString();
2021-07-25T00:00-05:00[America/Cancun]
Pull all that code together.
LocalDate ld = LocalDate.parse( "2021-07-25" );
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Cancun" );
ZonedDateTime zdt = ld.atStartOfDay( z ); // Determine the first moment of the day as seen in that zone. Not always 00:00.
String output = zdt.toString();
See this code run live at IdeOne.com.
2021-07-25T00:00-05:00[America/Cancun]
OffsetDateTime
If you insist on generating text in your stated format, while omitting the name of the time zone, use OffsetDateTime.
String output = zdt.toOffSetDateTime().toString() ;
All of these topics have been covered many times on Stack Overflow. Search to learn more.

Java LocalDateTime remove the milliseconds from UTC timezone

I am trying to truncate milliseconds from a UTC time zone.
I have the code below where I am able to remove milliseconds but I still get the Z at the end.
OffsetDateTime now = OffsetDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.UTC );
OffsetDateTime eventDateTime=now.minus(4, ChronoUnit.MINUTES);
System.out.println("====Event date Time before truncate===");
System.out.println(eventDateTime);
System.out.println("====Event date Time after truncate===");
System.out.println(eventDateTime.truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.SECONDS));
This outputs the following:
====Event date Time before truncate===
2021-03-09T20:46:24.081Z
====Event date Time after truncate===
2021-03-09T20:46:24Z
tl;dr
To represent a moment in UTC, use Instant class rather than LocalDateTime or OffsetDateTime.
Instant
.now() // Returns a `Instant` representing the current moment including a fractional second.
.truncatedTo(
ChronoUnit.SECONDS // Granularity of what you want chopped off. In this case, we lop off any fractional second.
) // Returns another `Instant` object. Per immutable objects, a new object is instantiated rather than altering ("mutating") the original.
.minus( // Go backwards on the timeline.
Duration.ofMinutes( 4 ) // Amount of time to go backwards.
) // Returns another `Instant` object.
.toString() // Generate text in standard ISO 8601 format, with `Z` on the end meaning an offset of zero hours-minutes-seconds from the UTC temporal prime meridian.
Zulu time
The Z at the end represents vital information: the date-time represents a moment as seen with an offset from UTC of zero hours-minutes-seconds. This letter is defined as part of the standard formats in ISO 8601. The letter is pronounced “Zulu” per aviation/military tradition.
If you do not care about offset or time zone in your problem domain, then you are using the wrong type.
The types Instant, OffsetDateTime, and ZonedDateTime all represent a moment, a specific point on the timeline. All three involve an offset or time zone.
LocalDateTime
If you want only a date with time-of-day but lacking the context of an offset/zone, then use LocalDateTime. No Z will appear in text representing the value of a LocalDateTime because no offset is involved.
Just be aware that a LocalDateTime object is inherently ambiguous, and does not represent a moment. In other words, calling LocalDateTime.now is almost never the right thing to do. But if you insist:
LocalDateTime ldt = LocalDateTime.now( ZoneOffset.UTC ) ;
The Z is the timezone information. You can convert the OffsetDateTime instance to a LocalDateTime like this:
eventDateTime.truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.SECONDS).toLocalDateTime()
There can be two ways:
Preferred way: Use DateTimeFormatter
Use OffsetDateTime#toLocalDateTime: The problem with this approach is that the output string is automatically truncated to minutes if the seconds part is zero.
Demo:
import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneOffset;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
DateTimeFormatter dtfWithoutSecFraction = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("uuuu-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss");
DateTimeFormatter dtfWithSecFraction = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("uuuu-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS");
OffsetDateTime now = OffsetDateTime.now(ZoneOffset.UTC);
OffsetDateTime eventDateTime = now.minusMinutes(4);
System.out.println("====Event date Time before truncate===");
System.out.println(eventDateTime);
System.out.println(eventDateTime.toLocalDateTime());
System.out.println(dtfWithSecFraction.format(eventDateTime));
System.out.println("====Event date Time after truncate===");
System.out.println(eventDateTime.truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.SECONDS));
System.out.println(eventDateTime.truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.SECONDS).toLocalDateTime());
System.out.println(dtfWithoutSecFraction.format(eventDateTime.truncatedTo(ChronoUnit.SECONDS)));
}
}
Output:
====Event date Time before truncate===
2021-03-09T21:17:17.589016Z
2021-03-09T21:17:17.589016
2021-03-09T21:17:17.589016
====Event date Time after truncate===
2021-03-09T21:17:17Z
2021-03-09T21:17:17
2021-03-09T21:17:17
Note that Z stands for Zulu which specifies date-time in UTC (i.e. a timezone offset of +00:00 hours).
The following table gives you an overview of java.time types:
As you can see, OffsetDateTime, ZonedDateTime etc. carry timezone information and you can get just the date-time part using the techniques mentioned in the solution above.
Learn more about the modern date-time API from Trail: Date Time.

Calendar DatePicker in the future

I want to be able to make javascript to automatically pick 2 days from today date, dont no how to execute it. "ValueFrom" is currently picking LocalDate automatically.
Code to be change: "ValueTo"
public CorporateMessagesPage selectDateAndPlaceOrder()
{
String valueFrom = "arguments[0].value = '" + DateTime.now().toString("dd/MM/yyyy") + "'";
String valueTo = (valueFrom +2);
JavascriptExecutor javascriptExecutor = (JavascriptExecutor) webDriver;
System.out.print(String.valueOf(LocalDate.now()));
javascriptExecutor.executeScript(valueFrom, validFromDate);
javascriptExecutor.executeScript(valueTo, validToDate);
return PageFactory.initElements(webDriver, CorporateMessagesPage.class);
}
I want 'ValueTo' to be equal to 'ValueFrom' + 2 days.
Blockquote
tl;dr
You can do all this in Java with its industry-leading java.time classes. No need for JavaScript.
LocalDate // Represent a date-only value, without time-of-day and without time zone or offset-from-UTC.
.now() // Capture the date as seen in the wall-clock time in the JVM’s current default time zone. Better to specify the desired/expected time zone explicitly.
.plusDays( 2 ) // Date math, adding days to move forward in time.
.format( // Generate text to represent the value of this date.
DateTimeFormatter // Specify format.
.ofLocalizedDate( // Automatically localize according to the human language and cultural norms of a specific `Locale`.
FormatStyle.SHORT // How long or abbreviated to present this value.
) // Returns a `DateTimeFormatter` object.
.withLocale( Locale.UK ) // Returns another `DateTimeFormatter` object, per Immutable Objects pattern.
) // Returns a `String`.
See this code run live at IdeOne.com.
03/08/2019
java.time
LocalDate
The LocalDate class represents a date-only value without time-of-day and without time zone or offset-from-UTC.
A time zone is crucial in determining a date. For any given moment, the date varies around the globe by zone. For example, a few minutes after midnight in Paris France is a new day while still “yesterday” in Montréal Québec.
If no time zone is specified, the JVM implicitly applies its current default time zone. That default may change at any moment during runtime(!), so your results may vary. Better to specify your desired/expected time zone explicitly as an argument. If critical, confirm the zone with your user.
Specify a proper time zone name in the format of Continent/Region, such as America/Montreal, Africa/Casablanca, or Pacific/Auckland. Never use the 2-4 letter abbreviation such as EST or IST as they are not true time zones, not standardized, and not even unique(!).
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "America/Montreal" ) ;
LocalDate today = LocalDate.now( z ) ;
If you want to use the JVM’s current default time zone, ask for it and pass as an argument. If omitted, the code becomes ambiguous to read in that we do not know for certain if you intended to use the default or if you, like so many programmers, were unaware of the issue.
ZoneId z = ZoneId.systemDefault() ; // Get JVM’s current default time zone.
Date math
Use the plus… & minus… methods found on LocalDate to move ahead or behind in time.
LocalDate dayAfterNext = LocalDate.now( z ).plusDays( 2 ) ;
Or use Period class.
Period twoDays = Period.ofDays( 2 ) ;
LocalDate later = LocalDate.now( z ).plus( twoDays ) ;
Generating text
Use DateTimeFormatter to generate text representing the value of the LocalDate object. You can either automatically localize or specify a custom formatting pattern. Both have been covered many times already on Stack Overflow, so search to learn more.
You can use java calendar to get your desired time
SimpleDateFormat obj_dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy");
Calendar calender = Calendar.getInstance();
//get valueFrom
String valueFrom = obj_dateFormat.format(new Date(calender.getTimeInMillis()));
//Add 2 days in current time
calender.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 2);
//get valueTo
String valueTo = obj_dateFormat.format(new Date(calender.getTimeInMillis()));

Java Converting 19-digit Unix Timestamp to a Readable Date

I am trying to convert 19 digit Unix timestamp such as 1558439504711000000 (one and a half quintillion) into a readable date/time format. My timestamp ends with 6 zeros which suggests the time is in nano seconds.
I have come across some examples where people have used time zones which I don't need. Another example uses ofEpochSecond like so:
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochSecond(seconds, nanos);
But I am not sure whether I need to use ofEpochSecond.
The code below gives my most recent approach of achieving this:
String timeStamp = "1558439504711000000";
long unixNanoSeconds = Long.parseLong(timeStamp);
Date date = new java.util.Date(timeStamp*1000L);
// My preferred date format
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new java.text.SimpleDateFormat("dd-MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss");
String formattedDate = sdf.format(date);
System.out.println("The timestamp in your preferred format is: " + formattedDate);
But the output I get is something like this:
// The timestamp in your preferred format is: 11-12-49386951 11:43:20
Which does not show the year format in e.g. 2019 format.
tl;dr
Never use legacy class java.util.Date. Instead, use modern java.time.Instant.
Instant // The modern way to represent a moment in UTC with a resolution of nanoseconds. Supplants the terrible `java.util.Date` class.
.ofEpochSecond( // Parse a count since epoch reference of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.
0L , // Passing zero for the count of whole seconds, to let the class determine this number from the 2nd argument.
Long.parse( "1558439504711000000" ) // Count of nanoseconds since the epoch reference of 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z.
) // Returns a `Instant` object.
.atZone( // Adjust from UTC to the wall-clock time used by the people of a specific region (a time zone).
ZoneId.of( "Europe/London" )
) // Returns a `ZonedDateTime` object. Same moment as the `Instant`, same point on the timeline, different wall-clock time.
.format( // Generate text to communicate the value of the moment as seen through this time zone.
DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern( // Define how to format our generated text.
"dd-MM-uuuu HH:mm:ss" , // Specify your desired formatting pattern.
Locale.UK // Pass a `Locale` to be used in localizing, to (a) determine human language used in translating name of day-of-week and such, and (b) determine cultural norms to decide issues of capitalization, abbreviation, etc. Not really needed for this particular formatting pattern, but a good habit to specify `Locale`.
) // Returns a `DateTimeFormatter` object.
) // Returns a `String` object containing our text.
21-05-2019 12:51:44
…or…
Instant
.ofEpochSecond (
TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toSeconds(
Long.parse( "1558439504711000000" )
) ,
( 1_558_439_504_711_000_000L % 1_000_000_000L )
)
.toString()
2019-05-21T11:51:44.711Z
Note the hour difference because the time zone is one hour ahead of UTC.
Avoid legacy date-time classes
The java.util.Date class is terrible. Along with its littermates such as Calendar & SimpleDateFormat, they amount to a awful mess. Avoid them. Sun, Oracle, and the JCP community gave up on them when they adopted JSR 310.
Instant
A java.util.Date object represents a moment in UTC, with a resolution of milliseconds. Its replacement is java.time.Instant, also a moment in UTC but with a resolution of nanoseconds. Internally, both track a count since the epoch reference of first moment of 1970 in UTC.
To avoid dealing with gigantic numbers, internally a Instant tracks a number of whole seconds since 1970 plus a fractional second kept as a number of nanoseconds. Two separate numbers. Those are what you need to feed Instant.ofEpochSecond.
Parse your input string as a long using the Long class. By the way, notice that your value is pushing towards to the limit of a 64-bit integer.
long totalNanos = Long.parse( "1558439504711000000" ) ;
Use the TimeUnit enum to do the math of splitting out whole seconds.
long secondsPortion = TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS.toSeconds( totalNanos ) ;
Modulo by a billion, the remainder being the nanoseconds of the fractional second.
long nanosPortion = ( totalNanos % 1_000_000_000L ) ;
Instantiate an Instant.
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochSecond( secondsPortion , nanosPortion ) ;
My timestamp ends with 6 zeros which suggests the time is in nano seconds.
Actually, nanoseconds count up to a billion, so nine (9) digits not six (6). The fractional second in your count from epoch is 711000000, or 711,000,000 nanos. Your number of whole seconds is 1558439504, or 1,558,439,504 (one and a half billion). As a decimal:
1,558,439,504.711000000 seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00Z
Time Zone
I have come across some examples where people have used time zones which I don't need.
To represent a moment, a specific point on the timeline, you always need a time zone (or offset-from-UTC of hours-minutes-seconds).
To see that same moment through the wall-clock time used by the people of a particular region (a time zone), apply a ZoneId to get a ZonedDateTime.
Specify a proper time zone name in the format of Continent/Region, such as America/Montreal, Africa/Casablanca, or Pacific/Auckland. Never use the 2-4 letter abbreviation such as BST or EST or IST as they are not true time zones, not standardized, and not even unique(!).
ZoneId z = ZoneId.of( "Europe/London" ) ;
ZonedDateTime zdt = instant.atZone( z ) ; // Same moment, same point on the timeline, different wall-clock time.
2019-05-21T12:51:44.711+01:00[Europe/London]
Notice the adjustment in the time-of-day, going from hour 11 to hour 12. This makes sense as Europe/London zone is an hour ahead of UTC on that date. Same moment, same point on the timeline, different wall-clock time.
Shortcut
As Ole V.V. noted in the comment, you could skip the math discussed above. Feed the entire number of nanoseconds as the second argument to ofEpochSecond. The class internally does the math to separate whole seconds from the fractional second.
Instant instant = Instant.ofEpochSecond( 0L , 1_558_439_504_711_000_000L ) ;
See this code run live at IdeOne.com.
Generate text
Generate text representing the value of that ZonedDateTime in standard ISO 8601 format extended to append the name of the time zone in square brackets.
String output = zdt.toString() ;
2019-05-21T12:51:44.711+01:00[Europe/London]
Or let java.time automatically localize for you.
Locale locale = Locale.UK;
DateTimeFormatter f = DateTimeFormatter.ofLocalizedDateTime( FormatStyle.SHORT ).withLocale( locale );
String output = zdt.format( f );
21/05/2019, 12:51
Or specify a custom format.
Locale locale = Locale.UK;
DateTimeFormatter f = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern( "dd-MM-uuuu HH:mm:ss" , locale ) ;
String output = zdt.format( f );
21-05-2019 12:51:44
Tip: Be very careful about providing a date-time without specifying the zone explicitly. This creates ambiguity, where the user may assume a different zone/offset is in play.
I think there is nothing wrong with that, you are dealing with a timestamp that represent a date in the FUTURE (a really far away date in the future).
If you consider this:
String timeStamp = "1558439504";
this should give you: 05/21/2019 # 11:51am (UTC)
Then there is I think an easy way to get the Date. Just create the Instant first based on that timestamp and then do:
Date myDate = Date.from(instant);
Try using this
Date date = new java.util.Date(timeStamp/1000000);
Instead of multiplying by 1000, divide by 1000000

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