Develop Reference

Powershell: Write-Host is very slow

I have a Java application which has a functionality to take a screenshot. It does it by running Powershell script:
Add-Type -AssemblyName System.Windows.Forms,System.Drawing
$screens = [Windows.Forms.Screen]::AllScreens
$top = ($screens.Bounds.Top | Measure-Object -Minimum).Minimum
$left = ($screens.Bounds.Left | Measure-Object -Minimum).Minimum
$width = ($screens.Bounds.Right | Measure-Object -Maximum).Maximum
$height = ($screens.Bounds.Bottom | Measure-Object -Maximum).Maximum
$bounds = [Drawing.Rectangle]::FromLTRB($left, $top, $width, $height)
$bmp = New-Object System.Drawing.Bitmap ([int]$bounds.width), ([int]$bounds.height)
$graphics = [Drawing.Graphics]::FromImage($bmp)
$graphics.CopyFromScreen($bounds.Location, [Drawing.Point]::Empty, $bounds.size)
$memStream = New-Object System.IO.MemoryStream
$bmp.Save($memStream, [Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat]::Jpeg)
Write-Host $memStream.ToArray()
$graphics.Dispose()
$bmp.Dispose()
$memStream.Dispose()
Java application listens to the output of it and does some operations on it. The problem is that sometimes Write-Host $memStream.ToArray() takes too much time (Sometimes in 2 minutes, sometimes 3, or even 5). I'm not familiar with Powershell. Is there any analog of Write-Host which is faster? Or maybe I can take a screenshot using some other functionality faster? Thanks

You stated a solution using other functionality would be acceptable, so why not perform the screen capture directly with the Java application instead? Java is fully capable of this natively:
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
// Set up Robot and other vars
Robot robot = new Robot();
String imgFormat = "jpg";
BufferedImage screenBuffer;
Rectangle screenBounds;
// Enumerate all screens
GraphicsEnvironment graphEnv = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
GraphicsDevice[] screens = graphEnv.getScreenDevices();
// Variables only used for generating filename
String fnameFormat = "%s-%s-screencap.%s";
String dtNowString = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss").format(Calendar.getInstance().getTime());
String filename = String.format(fnameFormat, dtNowString, "all", imgFormat);
Rectangle allScreenBounds = new Rectangle();
int num = 0;
for(GraphicsDevice screen : screens) {
screenBounds = screen.getDefaultConfiguration().getBounds();
allScreenBounds.x = Math.min(allScreenBounds.x, screenBounds.x);
allScreenBounds.y = Math.min(allScreenBounds.y, screenBounds.y);
// Make sure we only add extra pixels to the total width and height, subtracting overlapping dimensions
// Does not take into account non-continuous display area, normally impossible on Windows
allScreenBounds.width += Math.abs(allScreenBounds.width - (screenBounds.width + screenBounds.x));
allScreenBounds.height += Math.abs(allScreenBounds.height - (screenBounds.height + screenBounds.y));
System.out.println(String.format("Display %d: X=%d, Y=%d, Height=%d, Width=%d", num++, screenBounds.x, screenBounds.y, screenBounds.height, screenBounds.width));
}
System.out.println(String.format("Screen Area: X=%d, Y=%d, Height=%d, Width=%d", allScreenBounds.x, allScreenBounds.y, allScreenBounds.height, allScreenBounds.width));
screenBuffer = robot.createScreenCapture(allScreenBounds);
// Save the screencap to file
ImageIO.write(screenBuffer, imgFormat, new File(filename));
There is file-writing code there for testing but if this is performed by your application you can remove the filename variables, import javax.imageio.ImageIO, and the ImageIO.write call as you'll have the screenshot data in screenBuffer instead.

How can I make dynamic parameter of #Scheduled annotation?

I have a scheduled job and I want to get fixedRate dynamically but couldn't solve how to do it.
FixedRate gets value as milliseconds but I want to give time as hours. And I also tried read parameter from property file and multiply it but I did not work. How can I make this?
package com.ipera.communicationsuite.scheduleds;
import com.ipera.communicationsuite.models.FreeDbSize;
import com.ipera.communicationsuite.repositories.interfaces.IFreeDbSizeRepository;
import com.ipera.communicationsuite.repositories.interfaces.settings.IPropertiesRepository;
import com.ipera.communicationsuite.utilities.mail.SMTPConnection;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
#Component
#AllArgsConstructor
#PropertySource("classpath:scheduled.properties")
public class KeepAlive {
private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(KeepAlive.class);
private IFreeDbSizeRepository freeDbSizeRepository;
private SMTPConnection smtpConnection;
private IPropertiesRepository propertiesRepository;
#Scheduled(fixedRateString ="${keepAlive.timer}")
public void keepAliveMailSender() {
StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
ArrayList<File> files = getDrivers();
List<FreeDbSize> list = freeDbSizeRepository.getFreeDbSize();
FreeDbSize dbDiskInfo = freeDbSizeRepository.dbDiskSize();
content.append("DB file size is: ").append(list.get(0).getType().equals("mdf") ? list.get(0).getFileSize() : list.get(1).getFileSize()).append(" MB\n")
.append("DB log size is: ").append(list.get(0).getType().equals("ldf") ? list.get(0).getFileSize() : list.get(1).getFileSize()).append(" MB\n");
propertiesRepository.updateByKey("DatabaseSize", list.get(0).getType().equals("mdf") ? list.get(0).getFileSize().toString() : list.get(1).getFileSize().toString());
propertiesRepository.updateByKey("DatabaseLogSize", list.get(0).getType().equals("ldf") ? list.get(0).getFileSize().toString() : list.get(1).getFileSize().toString());
propertiesRepository.updateByKey("FreeDiskSpaceForDb", dbDiskInfo.getFreeSpace().toString());
for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
content.append("Free size for driver ").append(files.get(i)).append(" is ").append(files.get(i).getFreeSpace() / (1024 * 1024)).append(" MB\n");
propertiesRepository.createIfNotExistOrUpdate(("FreeSpaceInDisk".concat(Character.toString(files.get(i).toString().charAt(0)))), Long.toString(files.get(i).getFreeSpace() / (1024 * 1024)));
}
if (dbDiskInfo.getName().equals("-1")) {
content.append("This application has not permission to run query for calculate free size of disk.");
} else {
content.append("Free size of disk which contains Db is: ").append(dbDiskInfo.getFreeSpace());
}
smtpConnection.sendMail(content.toString(), "Server Is Up!!!", "fkalabalikoglu#iperasolutions.com", "", "", "", "");
logger.info("KeepAlive has runned.");
}
public ArrayList<File> getDrivers() {
ArrayList<File> list = new ArrayList<>();
File[] drives = File.listRoots();
if (drives != null && drives.length > 0) {
for (File aDrive : drives) {
list.add(aDrive);
}
}
return list;
}
}
And also my propery file is here:
keepAlive.timer=86400000

You could use SpEL in your annotation like:
#Scheduled(fixedRateString ="#{new Long('${keepAlive.timer}') * 1000 * 3600}")
to have expression evaluated. So keepAlive.timer would be the amount of hours.
But in my opinion it would be an ugly solution. I would rather put it in the properties as you have it now and just add a comment like:
# 24 hours is: 1000 * 3600 * 24
keepAlive.timer=86400000
Another way to use hours would be to use attribute cron that gives you more flexibility but might need some study before using:
In your code:
#Scheduled(cron = "${keepAlive.timer}")
and the cron expression in your properties - for example - like:
keepAlive.timer="*/60 00 21 * * ?"
This would run every day # 21.00
Note this "*/60" it should accept also "0" here but in my case it did not

How to set PivotTable Field Number Format Cell with Apache POI

I'd like to set number format cell of pivot table Value field Sum of Balance as # ##0.
Pivot table created with code based on Official POI Sample CreatePivotTable
Code below do create and get CTPivotField pivotField. But how to set its number format?
pivotTable.addColumnLabel(DataConsolidateFunction.SUM, 2);
CTPivotField pivotField = pivotTable
.getCTPivotTableDefinition()
.getPivotFields()
.getPivotFieldArray(2);
In MS Excel this is doing by next steps (see screenshot):
right click on Sum of Balance pivot table Value
select Field Settings
click Number...
set Format Cells
Help please with decide, advice or any idea.

Format of pivot table fields is setting by CTDataField.setNumFmtId(long numFmtId) for values and CTPivotField.setNumFmtId(long numFmtId) for columns & rows.
numFmtId is id number of format code. Available format codes are represented in Format cells list - Custom category:
Predefined format codes, thanks to Ji Zhou - MSFT, is here:
1 0
2 0.00
3 #,##0
4 #,##0.00
5 $#,##0_);($#,##0)
6 $#,##0_);[Red]($#,##0)
7 $#,##0.00_);($#,##0.00)
8 $#,##0.00_);[Red]($#,##0.00)
9 0%
10 0.00%
11 0.00E+00
12 # ?/?
13 # ??/??
14 m/d/yyyy
15 d-mmm-yy
16 d-mmm
17 mmm-yy
18 h:mm AM/PM
19 h:mm:ss AM/PM
20 h:mm
21 h:mm:ss
22 m/d/yyyy h:mm
37 #,##0_);(#,##0)
38 #,##0_);[Red](#,##0)
39 #,##0.00_);(#,##0.00)
40 #,##0.00_);[Red](#,##0.00)
45 mm:ss
46 [h]:mm:ss
47 mm:ss.0
48 ##0.0E+0
49 #
Full list of predefined format codes in MSDN NumberingFormat Class
Here is an example of applying format pivot table fields:
package ru.inkontext.poi;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.SpreadsheetVersion;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataConsolidateFunction;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.AreaReference;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellReference;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFPivotTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.openxmlformats.schemas.spreadsheetml.x2006.main.CTDataFields;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
public class CreatePivotTableSimple {
private static void setFormatPivotField(XSSFPivotTable pivotTable,
long fieldIndex,
Integer numFmtId) {
Optional.ofNullable(pivotTable
.getCTPivotTableDefinition()
.getPivotFields())
.map(pivotFields -> pivotFields
.getPivotFieldArray((int) fieldIndex))
.ifPresent(pivotField -> pivotField
.setNumFmtId(numFmtId));
}
private static void setFormatDataField(XSSFPivotTable pivotTable,
long fieldIndex,
long numFmtId) {
Optional.ofNullable(pivotTable
.getCTPivotTableDefinition()
.getDataFields())
.map(CTDataFields::getDataFieldList)
.map(List::stream)
.ifPresent(stream -> stream
.filter(dataField -> dataField.getFld() == fieldIndex)
.findFirst()
.ifPresent(dataField -> dataField.setNumFmtId(numFmtId)));
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
//Create some data to build the pivot table on
setCellData(sheet);
XSSFPivotTable pivotTable = sheet.createPivotTable(
new AreaReference("A1:C6", SpreadsheetVersion.EXCEL2007),
new CellReference("E3"));
pivotTable.addRowLabel(1); // set second column as 1-th level of rows
setFormatPivotField(pivotTable, 1, 9); //set format of row field numFmtId=9 0%
pivotTable.addRowLabel(0); // set first column as 2-th level of rows
pivotTable.addColumnLabel(DataConsolidateFunction.SUM, 2); // Sum up the second column
setFormatDataField(pivotTable, 2, 3); //set format of value field numFmtId=3 # ##0
FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream("stackoverflow-pivottable.xlsx");
wb.write(fileOut);
fileOut.close();
wb.close();
}
private static void setCellData(XSSFSheet sheet) {
String[] names = {"Jane", "Tarzan", "Terk", "Kate", "Dmitry"};
Double[] percents = {0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.25, 0.5};
Integer[] balances = {107634, 554234, 10234, 22350, 15234};
Row row = sheet.createRow(0);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue("Name");
row.createCell(1).setCellValue("Percents");
row.createCell(2).setCellValue("Balance");
for (int i = 0; i < names.length; i++) {
row = sheet.createRow(i + 1);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(names[i]);
row.createCell(1).setCellValue(percents[i]);
row.createCell(2).setCellValue(balances[i]);
}
}
}
https://github.com/stolbovd/PoiSamples

localized duration format for french

What is the Python analog of Time4J's code example:
// duration in seconds normalized to hours, minutes and seconds
Duration<?> dur = Duration.of(337540, ClockUnit.SECONDS).with(Duration.STD_CLOCK_PERIOD);
// custom duration format => hh:mm:ss
String s1 = Duration.Formatter.ofPattern("hh:mm:ss").format(dur);
System.out.println(s1); // output: 93:45:40
// localized duration format for french
String s2 = PrettyTime.of(Locale.FRANCE).print(dur, TextWidth.WIDE);
System.out.println(s2); // output: 93 heures, 45 minutes et 40 secondes
It is easy to get 93:45:40:
#!/usr/bin/env python3
from datetime import timedelta
dur = timedelta(seconds=337540)
print(dur) # -> 3 days, 21:45:40
fields = {}
fields['hours'], seconds = divmod(dur // timedelta(seconds=1), 3600)
fields['minutes'], fields['seconds'] = divmod(seconds, 60)
print("%(hours)02d:%(minutes)02d:%(seconds)02d" % fields) # -> 93:45:40
but how do I emulate PrettyTime.of(Locale.FRANCE).print(dur, TextWidth.WIDE) Java code in Python (without hardcoding the units)?

babel module allows to get close to desired output:
from babel.dates import format_timedelta # $ pip install babel
print(", ".join(format_timedelta(timedelta(**{unit: fields[unit]}),
granularity=unit.rstrip('s'),
threshold=fields[unit] + 1,
locale='fr')
for unit in "hours minutes seconds".split()))
# -> 93 heures, 45 minutes, 40 secondes
It handles locale and plural forms automatically e.g., for dur = timedelta(seconds=1) it produces:
0 heure, 0 minute, 1 seconde
Perhaps a better solution would be to translate the format string manually using standard tools such as gettext.

If you're using Kotlin, I just came across a similar problem with the Kotlin Duration type with localized formatting and because I couldn't find a good solution, I wrote one myself. It is based on APIs provided starting in Android 9 (for localized units), but with a fallback to English units for lower Android versions so it can be used with lower targeting apps.
Here's how it looks like on the usage side (see Kotlin Duration type to understand 1st line):
val duration = 5.days.plus(3.hours).plus(2.minutes).plus(214.milliseconds)
DurationFormat().format(duration) // "5day 3hour 2min"
DurationFormat(Locale.GERMANY).format(duration) // "5T 3Std. 2Min."
DurationFormat(Locale.forLanguageTag("ar").format(duration) // "٥يوم ٣ساعة ٢د"
DurationFormat().format(duration, smallestUnit = DurationFormat.Unit.HOUR) // "5day 3hour"
DurationFormat().format(15.minutes) // "15min"
DurationFormat().format(0.hours) // "0sec"
As you can see, you can specify a custom locale to the DurationFormat type. By default it uses Locale.getDefault(). Languages that have different symbols for number than romanic are also supported (via NumberFormat). Also, you can specify a custom smallestUnit, by default it is set to SECOND, so milliseconds will not be shown. Note that any unit with a value of 0 will be ignored and if the entire number is 0, the smallest unit will be used with the value 0.
This is the full DurationFormat type, feel free to copy (also available as a GitHub gist incl. unit tests):
import android.icu.text.MeasureFormat
import android.icu.text.NumberFormat
import android.icu.util.MeasureUnit
import android.os.Build
import java.util.Locale
import kotlin.time.Duration
import kotlin.time.ExperimentalTime
import kotlin.time.days
import kotlin.time.hours
import kotlin.time.milliseconds
import kotlin.time.minutes
import kotlin.time.seconds
#ExperimentalTime
data class DurationFormat(val locale: Locale = Locale.getDefault()) {
enum class Unit {
DAY, HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND, MILLISECOND
}
fun format(duration: kotlin.time.Duration, smallestUnit: Unit = Unit.SECOND): String {
var formattedStringComponents = mutableListOf<String>()
var remainder = duration
for (unit in Unit.values()) {
val component = calculateComponent(unit, remainder)
remainder = when (unit) {
Unit.DAY -> remainder - component.days
Unit.HOUR -> remainder - component.hours
Unit.MINUTE -> remainder - component.minutes
Unit.SECOND -> remainder - component.seconds
Unit.MILLISECOND -> remainder - component.milliseconds
}
val unitDisplayName = unitDisplayName(unit)
if (component > 0) {
val formattedComponent = NumberFormat.getInstance(locale).format(component)
formattedStringComponents.add("$formattedComponent$unitDisplayName")
}
if (unit == smallestUnit) {
val formattedZero = NumberFormat.getInstance(locale).format(0)
if (formattedStringComponents.isEmpty()) formattedStringComponents.add("$formattedZero$unitDisplayName")
break
}
}
return formattedStringComponents.joinToString(" ")
}
private fun calculateComponent(unit: Unit, remainder: Duration) = when (unit) {
Unit.DAY -> remainder.inDays.toLong()
Unit.HOUR -> remainder.inHours.toLong()
Unit.MINUTE -> remainder.inMinutes.toLong()
Unit.SECOND -> remainder.inSeconds.toLong()
Unit.MILLISECOND -> remainder.inMilliseconds.toLong()
}
private fun unitDisplayName(unit: Unit) = if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.P) {
val measureFormat = MeasureFormat.getInstance(locale, MeasureFormat.FormatWidth.NARROW)
when (unit) {
DurationFormat.Unit.DAY -> measureFormat.getUnitDisplayName(MeasureUnit.DAY)
DurationFormat.Unit.HOUR -> measureFormat.getUnitDisplayName(MeasureUnit.HOUR)
DurationFormat.Unit.MINUTE -> measureFormat.getUnitDisplayName(MeasureUnit.MINUTE)
DurationFormat.Unit.SECOND -> measureFormat.getUnitDisplayName(MeasureUnit.SECOND)
DurationFormat.Unit.MILLISECOND -> measureFormat.getUnitDisplayName(MeasureUnit.MILLISECOND)
}
} else {
when (unit) {
Unit.DAY -> "day"
Unit.HOUR -> "hour"
Unit.MINUTE -> "min"
Unit.SECOND -> "sec"
Unit.MILLISECOND -> "msec"
}
}
}

This humanize package may help. It has a french localization, or you can add your own. For python 2.7 and 3.3.

Using pendulum module:
>>> import pendulum
>>> it = pendulum.interval(seconds=337540)
>>> it.in_words(locale='fr_FR')
'3 jours 21 heures 45 minutes 40 secondes'

How to know the resolution screen width and height when i have dual head or triple head from one PC?

I have dual head (VGA output, DVI or HDMI output) from 1 PC using this xrandr --output VGA1 --left-of LVDS1. Each having 1024x768 resolution.
When i use this using Java:
screen = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
I get a huge two screen width together. As a result my Width and height is huge.
Where i only need to place my application in one screen either VGA or DVI. But using Java how do i know that?
How do i tell that using Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit() ?
Example: (my application has to run where Java is labeled)
Test.java
import java.awt.GraphicsDevice;
import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] a) throws Exception {
GraphicsEnvironment ge = GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment();
GraphicsDevice[] screenDevices = ge.getScreenDevices();
for (int i = 0; i < screenDevices.length; i++) {
System.out.println(screenDevices[i].getIDstring());
DisplayMode dm = screenDevices[i].getDisplayMode();
int screenWidth = dm.getWidth();
int screenHeight = dm.getHeight();
System.out.println("Cake: " + screenWidth + " " + screenHeight);
}
}
}
Output:
:0.0
Cake: 1024 768
:0.1
Cake: 1024 768

I think
GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getScreenDevices()
is what you are looking for. And then from there you can iterate through the screens and get the screen dimension by getDisplayMode()