Develop Reference

App crashes after granting USB permission - Unity app using aar java plugin

I am creating an Unity app which will be controlling Numato GPIO USB powered controller through smartphone USB connection. Since I have to connect the controller to phone I have no debug log so I have no idea what is going on. Thus, I include plugin code and a custom manifest which I use in Unity.
I get questioned by the App if I want to grant permission to control the device (Shows right device name etc) and after I grant the permission app crashes immediately.
Is there a way to check what causes the error? Or maybe I don't see something obvious here.
public class PluginInstance extends Activity {
private static Activity unityActivity;
private static Context unityContext;
public Gpio laser1;
public static void receiveUnityActivity(Activity tActivity) {
unityActivity = tActivity;
}
public static void receiveUnityContext(Context tContext) { unityContext = tContext; }
//Debugging purposes
public void Toast(String msg) {
Toast.makeText(unityActivity, msg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//Action Usb Permission
public static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.unity3d.player.UnityPlayerActivity.USB_PERMISSION";
public DevicesManager mDevicesManager;
//USB permission
public final BroadcastReceiver mUsbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
if (ACTION_USB_PERMISSION.equals(action)) {
synchronized (this) {
UsbDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (intent.getBooleanExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false)) {
if (device != null) {
Bundle deviceIndexBundle = intent.getExtras();
if (deviceIndexBundle == null) {
return;
}
int deviceIndex = deviceIndexBundle.getInt(AppConstant.EXTRA_DEVICE_INDEX);
Toast.makeText(unityActivity, "Usb permission granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
} else {
Toast.makeText(unityActivity, "Usb permission declined", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
unregisterReceiver(mUsbReceiver);
}
}
}
};
public void InstantiateManager() {
mDevicesManager = DevicesManager.getInstance();
}
public void GetGpios() {
NumatoUSBDevice numatoUSBDevice = mDevicesManager.getDevices().get(0);
Gpio lazer1 = numatoUSBDevice.mGpios.get(1);
}
public void GpioOn() {
laser1.setCurrentOutputState(true);
laser1.setState(true);
}
public void GpioOff() {
laser1.setCurrentOutputState(false);
laser1.setState(false);
}
public void EnumerateDevices() {
UsbManager manager = (UsbManager) unityActivity.getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
int index = 0;
ArrayList<UsbDevice> cdcAcmDevices = CdcAcmDriver.ListDevices(manager);
mDevicesManager.clearDevices();
ArrayList<Integer> supportedDevices = NumatoUSBDevice.GetSupportedProductIds();
if(!cdcAcmDevices.isEmpty()){
for (UsbDevice cdcAcmDevice : cdcAcmDevices){
int vendorId = cdcAcmDevice.getVendorId();
if(vendorId == NumatoUSBDevice.VID_NUMATOLAB && supportedDevices.contains(cdcAcmDevice.getProductId())){
mDevicesManager.addDevice(new NumatoUSBDevice(index, cdcAcmDevice, manager));
index++;
}
}
}
}
public void MakeConnection() {
NumatoUSBDevice numatoUSBDevice = mDevicesManager.getDevices().get(0);
UsbManager manager = (UsbManager) unityActivity.getSystemService(Context.USB_SERVICE);
//TODO unityContext in mPermissionIntent
PendingIntent mPermissionIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(unityContext, 0,
new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION).putExtra(AppConstant.EXTRA_DEVICE_INDEX, 0), 0);
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION);
unityActivity.registerReceiver(mUsbReceiver, filter);
manager.requestPermission(numatoUSBDevice.getDevice(), mPermissionIntent);
}
}
And the manifest file:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!-- GENERATED BY UNITY. REMOVE THIS COMMENT TO PREVENT OVERWRITING WHEN EXPORTING AGAIN-->
<manifest
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.unity3d.player"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<application>
<activity android:name="com.unity3d.player.UnityPlayerActivity"
android:theme="#style/UnityThemeSelector">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"/>
</intent-filter>
<meta-data
android:name="android.hardware.usb.action.USB_DEVICE_ATTACHED"
android:resource="#xml/device_filter"/>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
Edit: I managed to access debug log through wifi and this is what I get:
FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.jonquil.A2NumatoController, PID: 16837
java.lang.RuntimeException: Error receiving broadcast Intent { act=com.unity3d.player.UnityPlayerActivity.USB_PERMISSION flg=0x10 (has extras) } in com.jonquil.unityplugin.PluginInstance$1#7d45921
at android.app.LoadedApk$ReceiverDispatcher$Args.lambda$getRunnable$0$LoadedApk$ReceiverDispatcher$Args(LoadedApk.java:1689)
at android.app.LoadedApk$ReceiverDispatcher$Args$$ExternalSyntheticLambda0.run(Unknown Source:2)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:938)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:201)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:288)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7838)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:548)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1003)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.content.Context.unregisterReceiver(android.content.BroadcastReceiver)' on a null object reference
at android.content.ContextWrapper.unregisterReceiver(ContextWrapper.java:769)
at com.jonquil.unityplugin.PluginInstance$1.onReceive(PluginInstance.java:63)
at android.app.LoadedApk$ReceiverDispatcher$Args.lambda$getRunnable$0$LoadedApk$ReceiverDispatcher$Args(LoadedApk.java:1679)
... 9 more
This looks like there is a problem with broadcast receiver since error is caused by invoking method on a null object reference.

UsbDevice requestPermission is denied without showing the request dialog prompt

I'm trying to use usb camera devices connected to my android device. So initially i have got the details of the usb devices connected through UsbManager.getDeviceList() method. Then i iterated through every device and requested for permission if permission was already not granted.
Prior to requesting the permission i have registered a global BroadCastReceiver to listen to the response of the requested permission.
Here is the MainActivity.java:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private UsbManager usbManager_;
private static final String ACTION_USB_PERMISSION = "com.android.example.USB_PERMISSION";
public PendingIntent permissionIntent;
private static String TAG = "testing";
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
// SurroundView surroundView = new SurroundView(this);
// setContentView(surroundView);
usbManager_ = (UsbManager) getSystemService(USB_SERVICE);
permissionIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0, new Intent(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION), 0);
requestUsbPermissions();
}
private final BroadcastReceiver usbReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
Log.i(TAG, "received intent by broadcast " + intent.getAction());
if (ACTION_USB_PERMISSION.equals(action)) {
synchronized (this) {
UsbDevice device = (UsbDevice) intent.getParcelableExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (intent.getBooleanExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false)) {
if (device != null) {
Log.i(TAG, "got the permission");
}
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "permission denied for device " + device);
}
}
}
}
};
public void requestUsbPermissions(){
HashMap<String, UsbDevice> deviceList = usbManager_.getDeviceList();
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(ACTION_USB_PERMISSION);
this.registerReceiver(usbReceiver, filter);
Log.i(TAG, "registered broadcast receiver!");
Iterator<UsbDevice> deviceIterator = deviceList.values().iterator();
while (deviceIterator.hasNext()) {
UsbDevice device = deviceIterator.next();
Log.i(TAG,
"Camera: device Id " + device.getDeviceId() + " device mName : " + device.getDeviceName());
if (!usbManager_.hasPermission(device)) {
Log.i(TAG, "requesting permission");
usbManager_.requestPermission(device, permissionIntent);
}
}
}
}
So when i run the app it detects one usb device connected and requests permission for the same. But the dialog box which asks for user input never comes. Instead when the intent is received by the BroadCastReceiver the value of intent.getBooleanExtra(UsbManager.EXTRA_PERMISSION_GRANTED, false) will always be false which means the permission is already denied. Can anyone explain to me why the dialog box is not coming in the first place and why the permission is denied automatically.
Here is my AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.vision_sdk_testing">
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.usb.host" android:required="true"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
And below is the output log:
2020-05-01 17:56:05.282 30769-30769/com.example.vision_sdk_testing I/testing: registered broadcast receiver!
2020-05-01 17:56:05.283 30769-30769/com.example.vision_sdk_testing I/testing: Camera: device Id 1003 device mName : /dev/bus/usb/001/003
2020-05-01 17:56:05.283 30769-30769/com.example.vision_sdk_testing I/testing: requesting permission
2020-05-01 17:56:05.301 30769-30769/com.example.vision_sdk_testing I/testing: received intent by broadcast com.android.example.USB_PERMISSION
2020-05-01 17:56:05.302 30769-30769/com.example.vision_sdk_testing D/testing: permission denied for device UsbDevice[mName=/dev/bus/usb/001/003,mVendorId=1443,mProductId=38192,mClass=239,mSubclass=2,mProtocol=1,mManufacturerName=Sonix Technology Co., Ltd.,mProductName=USB 2.0 Camera,mVersion=1.00,mSerialNumberReader=android.hardware.usb.IUsbSerialReader$Stub$Proxy#d41ebfa,mConfigurations=[
UsbConfiguration[mId=1,mName=null,mAttributes=128,mMaxPower=128,mInterfaces=[
UsbInterface[mId=0,mAlternateSetting=0,mName=HD USB Camera,mClass=14,mSubclass=1,mProtocol=0,mEndpoints=[]]
UsbConfiguration[mId=3,mName=null,mAttributes=3,mMaxPower=88,mInterfaces=[]]
Any help is appreciated. Thanks!

For me, I had to go into the app's permissions in the settings menu and give my app the Camera permission. I'm guessing it's because my USB device is a camera? Once I granted this permission, the app worked just as described in the docs https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/usb/host

Why my alarm not working with BOOT_COMPLETED

My app work when my android is not restart but when I turn off my Android the app not working despite I add BOOT_COMPLETED.
I have looked for similar questions but all of them work just as I do, I do not know what is wrong
Manifest
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.proyect.d.alarm">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SET_ALARM" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<service android:name=".BootService" />
<receiver
android:name=".RestartAlarmsReceiver"
android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<receiver
android:name=".MyAlarmReceiver"
android:process=":remote" />
</application>
RestartAlarmsReciver
public class RestartAlarmsReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if ("android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED".equals(intent.getAction())) {
Intent i = new Intent(context, BootService.class);
ComponentName service = context.startService(i);
}
}
}
BootService: it's equals that my main AlarmService
public class BootService extends IntentService {
public BootService(String name) {
super(name);
}
private NotificationManager notificationManager;
private final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1010;
private AdminSQLiteOpenHelper admin;
private Cursor fila;
private SQLiteDatabase bd;
private String alarm, descrip, title;
#Override
protected void onHandleIntent(#Nullable Intent intent) {
Calendar calenda = Calendar.getInstance();
int hour, min, day, m, year;
String cadenaF, cadenaH, date_system, time_system;
day = calenda.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
m = calenda.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
year = calenda.get(Calendar.YEAR);
hour = calenda.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
min = calenda.get(Calendar.MINUTE);
date_system = m + "-" + day + "-" + year + " ";
time_system = hour + ":" + min;
admin = new AdminSQLiteOpenHelper(getApplicationContext(), vars.bd, null, vars.version);
bd = admin.getWritableDatabase();
if (bd != null) {
fila = bd.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM alarma WHERE datea='" + date_system + "' AND timea= '" + time_system + "'", null);
if (fila.moveToFirst()) {
alarm = fila.getString(0);
title = fila.getString(1);
descrip = fila.getString(2);
triggerNotification(getApplicationContext(), title + "\n" + descrip);
}
}
bd.close();
}
private void triggerNotification(Context contexto, String t) {
Intent notificationIntent = new Intent(contexto, MainActivity.class);
notificationIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TOP);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(contexto, 0, notificationIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
Uri defaultSound = RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_NOTIFICATION);
long[] pattern = new long[]{2000, 1000, 2000};
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(contexto);
builder.setContentIntent(contentIntent)
.setTicker("")
.setContentTitle("alarm ")
.setContentTitle("")
.setContentText(t)
.setContentInfo("Info")
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(contexto.getResources(), R.drawable.ic_launcher_background))
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_background)
.setAutoCancel(true)
.setSound(defaultSound)
.setVibrate(pattern);
Notification notificacion = new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle(builder)
.bigText(t)
.setBigContentTitle("example")
.setSummaryText("more example")
.build();
notificationManager = (NotificationManager) contexto.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, notificacion);
}
}
Thanks

Can you change your receiver to add export and category?
<receiver android:name=".RestartAlarmsReceiver" android:enabled="true" android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
As per official documentation
android:exported
Whether or not the broadcast receiver can receive messages from sources outside its application — "true" if it can, and "false" if not. If "false", the only messages the broadcast receiver can receive are those sent by components of the same application or applications with the same user ID.
The default value depends on whether the broadcast receiver contains intent filters. The absence of any filters means that it can be invoked only by Intent objects that specify its exact class name. This implies that the receiver is intended only for application-internal use (since others would not normally know the class name). So in this case, the default value is "false". On the other hand, the presence of at least one filter implies that the broadcast receiver is intended to receive intents broadcast by the system or other applications, so the default value is "true".
This attribute is not the only way to limit a broadcast receiver's external exposure. You can also use a permission to limit the external entities that can send it messages (see the permission attribute).
Hope this will help

Don't work intent action in received

I have some problem with intent action in broadcast receiver, when alarm is ringing in log action ALARM_ALERT output, but when i off alarm on my phone Huawei Honor 5A, i don't see action in log ALARM_DONE.
Notice: I test this code on Genymotion on Android, this work fine, but on my phone install MUI, maybe it's problem?
public class BootReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static final String TAG = "LockScreen/BootReceiver";
#SuppressLint("WrongConstant")
#Override
public void onReceive(final Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
Log.e(TAG,"onReceive " + action);
//If the screen was just turned on or it just booted up, start your Lock Activity
if (action.equals("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_ALERT") ||
action.equals("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_SNOOZE"))
{
UserHolder.setRingState(true);
}
if(action.equals("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_DISMISS") ||
action.equals("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_DONE")) {
UserHolder.setRingState(false);
}
if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)
|| action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON)
|| action.equals(Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED)) {
if (action.equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)) {
//LockScreenService.service.stopForeground(true);
UserHolder.saveScreenOff(context);
}
Parameters parameters = Parameters.getFromDB();
if (!UserHolder.isAlarm() &&!UserHolder.callIsRunning()
&& UserHolder.isLogin() && parameters.getUserWidgetOnoff() == 1) {
Intent i = new Intent(context, LockScreenActivity.class);
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
//i.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY);
context.startActivity(i);
} else {
Logger.info("ignore onReceive " + action);
}
}
Intent filter:
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BOOT_COMPLETED);
filter.addAction("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_ALERT");
filter.addAction("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_SNOOZE");
filter.addAction("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_DISMISS");
filter.addAction("com.android.deskclock.ALARM_DONE");
Manifest:
<receiver
android:name=".receiver.BootReceiver"
android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<action android:name="com.android.deskclock.ALARM_ALERT" />
<action android:name="com.android.deskclock.ALARM_SNOOZE" />
<action android:name="com.android.deskclock.ALARM_DISMISS" />
<action android:name="com.android.deskclock.ALARM_DONE" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>

Android - Start App Upon Phone Call

Is there any way to develop an app that starts up when a user receives a phone call? I can't really go into details about the idea but was wondering if there was some call that would allow that to happen.

You can use a Broadcast Receiver for thatlike this
public class PhoneStatReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
private static final String TAG = "PhoneStatReceiver";
private static boolean incomingFlag = false;
private static String incoming_number = null;
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
if(intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_NEW_OUTGOING_CALL)){
incomingFlag = false;
String phoneNumber = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);
Log.i(TAG, "call OUT:"+phoneNumber);
}else{
TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager)context.getSystemService(Service.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
switch (tm.getCallState()) {
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
incomingFlag = true;//标识当前是来电
incoming_number = intent.getStringExtra("incoming_number");
Log.i(TAG, "RINGING :"+ incoming_number);
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
if(incomingFlag){
Log.i(TAG, "incoming ACCEPT :"+ incoming_number);
}
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
if(incomingFlag){
Log.i(TAG, "incoming IDLE");
}
break;
}
}
}
}
Register this receiver in AndroidManifest like this
<receiver android:name=".filter.PhoneStatReceiver">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE"/>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"></uses-permission>

Yes We can start an diffrent app when User receives a phone call.Example :- Truecaller,Mobile no. Tracker apps.
You can use Services for this.

public class CallReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String state = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
final Context cont = context;
final Intent in = intent;
if (state.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)) {
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
Intent i = new Intent(cont, MainActivity.class);
i.putExtras(in);
i.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_REORDER_TO_FRONT);
cont.startActivity(i);
}
}, 1000);
}
}
}
You must implement this handler with postDelayed so that your activity screen can be on top of native call screen. If you dont want this to happen then you must remove this handler.
Add these to your manifest--
<receiver
android:name=".CallReceiver"
android:enabled="true" >
<intent-filter android:priority="1000" >
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
and
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_INCOMING_CALLS" />
You have to use another extra_state for onreceiving call. This is for ringing state.