repeated string problem in hackerrank getting time limits problem - java

I am solving the repeated string hackerrank problem. but all the test cases are not running may be my logic is not correct.The problem is like that
my code is given below which consists of repeatedString and countingA functions having no of variables
i,a,and infinity String ...
import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class Solution {
// Complete the repeatedString function below.
static long repeatedString(String s, long n) {
long i=1;
String infinityString="";
while(s.length()*i<=n)
{
infinityString+=s;
i++;
}
if(s.length()%infinityString.length()==0){
return countingA(infinityString);
}else{
infinityString+=s.substring(0,(s.length()%infinityString.length())-1);
return countingA(infinityString);
}
}
public static long countingA(String infinity)
{
long a=0;
for(int i=0;i<infinity.length();i++)
{
if(infinity.charAt(i)=='a')
{
a++;
}
}
return a;
}
private static final Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(System.getenv("OUTPUT_PATH")));
String s = scanner.nextLine();
long n = scanner.nextLong();
scanner.skip("(\r\n|[\n\r\u2028\u2029\u0085])?");
long result = repeatedString(s, n);
bufferedWriter.write(String.valueOf(result));
bufferedWriter.newLine();
bufferedWriter.close();
scanner.close();
}
}

Maybe try this,
static long countA(String s, long n) {
long totalCount = 0;
long aCount = 0;
long times = n / s.length();
for(int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
if(s.charAt(i) == 'a')
aCount++;
}
totalCount = times * aCount;
aCount = 0;
if(n%s.length() != 0) {
for(int i=0;i<n - (times * s.length());i++)
aCount++;
}
return totalCount + aCount;
}

The following is even in normal code too slow because of the string concatenation allocating a larger string.
String infinityString = "";
while (s.length()*i <= n) {
infinityString += s;
i++;
}
StringBuilder infinityStringB = new StringBuilder();
while (s.length()*i <= n) {
infinityStringB.append(s);
i++;
}
String infinityString = StringBuilder.toString();
Also one would like:
StringBuilder infinityStringB = new StringBuilder((int) n);
And there one sees: String cannot hold long n chars.
However you do not need the repeated string:
if (s.isEmpty()) {
return 0;
}
long repititions = n / s.length();
int remaining = (int)(n % s.length());
String remainder = s.substring(0, remaining);
return countAs(s) * repetitions + countAs(remainder);

Perhaps the case you are missing is condition when n%s!=0 then you need to count the extra a's. I have also solved this problem in c++ and used the following logic
static int numberOfAs(String s,long len){
int val=0;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
if(s.charAt(i)=='a'){
val++;
}
}
return val;
}
static long repeatedString(String s, long n) {
int size = s.length();
int noA = numberOfAs(s,s.length());// 1
double val = Math.floor(n/size);
if(s.length()%n==0){ // 2
return noA*(long)val;
}else{
long countedA = (long)val * noA; //3
long valsLeft = n-(long) (val*size); //4
long letfA = numberOfAs(s,valsLeft); //5
long ans = countedA + letfA; //6
return ans;
}
}
count number of a's in the provided string i.e s
Condition when string s is a multiple of total count n so you just need to multiply the number of a's in s with the result of n/s.
Is the total number of a's present in the n/s.
extra string after divisibility, we need to calculate the a's separately for this.
Calculated a's separately for extra string.
return their sum.
Hope this helps

Related

timings problems in hackerrank in "The Love-Letter Mystery" question

I am solving the "The Love-Letter Mystery" problem may be my logic is correct but it is showing the timings problems The Question is
Question here.My solution for same is given below. It contains two functions one is theLoveLetterMystery(String s) which is returning sum_minimum_Steps and other is conversionCount(String s,int i,int j) which is returning int characterCount variable.It sums all the minimum steps to return the value
import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.security.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
public class Solution {
// Complete the theLoveLetterMystery function below.
static int theLoveLetterMystery(String s) {
int startCounter=0,endCounter=(s.length()-1),sum_minimum_Steps=0;
// s.charAt(startCounter)!=s.charAt(endCounter)
while(startCounter!=endCounter)
{
if(s.charAt(startCounter)!=s.charAt(endCounter))
{
//minimun steps function executes
sum_minimum_Steps+=conversionCount(s,startCounter,endCounter);
}else{
startCounter++;
endCounter--;
}
}
return sum_minimum_Steps;
}
static int conversionCount(String s,int i,int j) {
int charStartAscii=(int)s.charAt(i);
int charEndAscii=(int)s.charAt(j);
int characterCount=0;
while(charStartAscii!=charEndAscii)
{
charEndAscii--;
characterCount++;
}
return characterCount;
}
private static final Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(System.getenv("OUTPUT_PATH")));
int q = scanner.nextInt();
scanner.skip("(\r\n|[\n\r\u2028\u2029\u0085])?");
for (int qItr = 0; qItr < q; qItr++) {
String s = scanner.nextLine();
int result = theLoveLetterMystery(s);
bufferedWriter.write(String.valueOf(result));
bufferedWriter.newLine();
}
bufferedWriter.close();
scanner.close();
}
}
Starting from the assumption we are working on an alphabet of 26 letters(range a - z) "The Love-Letter Mystery" question is about find the minimum number of operations consisting of decrement of value 1 of a letter (for example d -> c and excluding letter a) to convert a string to a palindrome string. This can be obtained adding the absolute int differences between chars standing in positions i and n - i - 1 where n is the length of the string and iterating over half of the string. Below the code:
public static int conversionCount(String s) {
char[] arr = s.toCharArray();
int length = s.length();
int count = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < length / 2; ++i) {
count += Math.abs((int) (arr[i] - arr[length - i - 1]));
}
return count;
}
Note: I tested it in hackerrank passing all tests.
function theLoveLetterMystery($s) {
$s = strtoupper($s);
$alpha = array('A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K', 'L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X ','Y','Z');
$alpha_flip = array_flip($alpha);
// Write your code here
$i = 0;
$j = strlen($s)-1;
$sol = 0;
while($i<$j){
$sol += abs($alpha_flip[$s[$i]]-$alpha_flip[$s[$j]]);
++$i;
--$j;
}
return $sol;
}
echo theLoveLetterMystery('abbc')// return 2

Repeat the content of a String [duplicate]

I'm looking for a simple commons method or operator that allows me to repeat some string n times. I know I could write this using a for loop, but I wish to avoid for loops whenever necessary and a simple direct method should exist somewhere.
String str = "abc";
String repeated = str.repeat(3);
repeated.equals("abcabcabc");
Related to:
repeat string javascript
Create NSString by repeating another string a given number of times
Edited
I try to avoid for loops when they are not completely necessary because:
They add to the number of lines of code even if they are tucked away in another function.
Someone reading my code has to figure out what I am doing in that for loop. Even if it is commented and has meaningful variables names, they still have to make sure it is not doing anything "clever".
Programmers love to put clever things in for loops, even if I write it to "only do what it is intended to do", that does not preclude someone coming along and adding some additional clever "fix".
They are very often easy to get wrong. For loops involving indexes tend to generate off by one bugs.
For loops often reuse the same variables, increasing the chance of really hard to find scoping bugs.
For loops increase the number of places a bug hunter has to look.
Here is the shortest version (Java 1.5+ required):
repeated = new String(new char[n]).replace("\0", s);
Where n is the number of times you want to repeat the string and s is the string to repeat.
No imports or libraries needed.
If you are using Java <= 7, this is as "concise" as it gets:
// create a string made up of n copies of string s
String.format("%0" + n + "d", 0).replace("0", s);
In Java 8 and above there is a more readable way:
// create a string made up of n copies of string s
String.join("", Collections.nCopies(n, s));
Finally, for Java 11 and above, there is a new repeat​(int count) method specifically for this purpose(link)
"abc".repeat(12);
Alternatively, if your project uses java libraries there are more options.
For Apache Commons:
StringUtils.repeat("abc", 12);
For Google Guava:
Strings.repeat("abc", 12);
String::repeat
". ".repeat(7) // Seven period-with-space pairs: . . . . . . .
New in Java 11 is the method String::repeat that does exactly what you asked for:
String str = "abc";
String repeated = str.repeat(3);
repeated.equals("abcabcabc");
Its Javadoc says:
/**
* Returns a string whose value is the concatenation of this
* string repeated {#code count} times.
* <p>
* If this string is empty or count is zero then the empty
* string is returned.
*
* #param count number of times to repeat
*
* #return A string composed of this string repeated
* {#code count} times or the empty string if this
* string is empty or count is zero
*
* #throws IllegalArgumentException if the {#code count} is
* negative.
*
* #since 11
*/
Commons Lang StringUtils.repeat()
Usage:
String str = "abc";
String repeated = StringUtils.repeat(str, 3);
repeated.equals("abcabcabc");
Java 8's String.join provides a tidy way to do this in conjunction with Collections.nCopies:
// say hello 100 times
System.out.println(String.join("", Collections.nCopies(100, "hello")));
Here's a way to do it using only standard String functions and no explicit loops:
// create a string made up of n copies of s
repeated = String.format(String.format("%%%ds", n), " ").replace(" ",s);
If you're like me and want to use Google Guava and not Apache Commons. You can use the repeat method in the Guava Strings class.
Strings.repeat("-", 60);
With java-8, you can also use Stream.generate.
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.joining;
...
String repeated = Stream.generate(() -> "abc").limit(3).collect(joining()); //"abcabcabc"
and you can wrap it in a simple utility method if needed:
public static String repeat(String str, int times) {
return Stream.generate(() -> str).limit(times).collect(joining());
}
So you want to avoid loops?
Here you have it:
public static String repeat(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) return "";
else return s + repeat(s, times-1);
}
(of course I know this is ugly and inefficient, but it doesn't have loops :-p)
You want it simpler and prettier? use jython:
s * 3
Edit: let's optimize it a little bit :-D
public static String repeat(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) return "";
else if (times % 2 == 0) return repeat(s+s, times/2);
else return s + repeat(s+s, times/2);
}
Edit2: I've done a quick and dirty benchmark for the 4 main alternatives, but I don't have time to run it several times to get the means and plot the times for several inputs... So here's the code if anybody wants to try it:
public class Repeat {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
String s = args[1];
int l = s.length();
long start, end;
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatLog2(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("RecLog2Concat: " + (end-start) + "ms");
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatR(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("RecLinConcat: " + (end-start) + "ms");
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatIc(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("IterConcat: " + (end-start) + "ms");
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatSb(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("IterStrB: " + (end-start) + "ms");
}
public static String repeatLog2(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) {
return "";
}
else if (times % 2 == 0) {
return repeatLog2(s+s, times/2);
}
else {
return s + repeatLog2(s+s, times/2);
}
}
public static String repeatR(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) {
return "";
}
else {
return s + repeatR(s, times-1);
}
}
public static String repeatIc(String s, int times) {
String tmp = "";
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
tmp += s;
}
return tmp;
}
public static String repeatSb(String s, int n) {
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sb.append(s);
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
It takes 2 arguments, the first is the number of iterations (each function run with repeat times arg from 1..n) and the second is the string to repeat.
So far, a quick inspection of the times running with different inputs leaves the ranking something like this (better to worse):
Iterative StringBuilder append (1x).
Recursive concatenation log2 invocations (~3x).
Recursive concatenation linear invocations (~30x).
Iterative concatenation linear (~45x).
I wouldn't ever guessed that the recursive function was faster than the for loop :-o
Have fun(ctional xD).
This contains less characters than your question
public static String repeat(String s, int n) {
if(s == null) {
return null;
}
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s.length() * n);
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sb.append(s);
}
return sb.toString();
}
based on fortran's answer, this is a recusive version that uses a StringBuilder:
public static void repeat(StringBuilder stringBuilder, String s, int times) {
if (times > 0) {
repeat(stringBuilder.append(s), s, times - 1);
}
}
public static String repeat(String s, int times) {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(s.length() * times);
repeat(stringBuilder, s, times);
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
using Dollar is simple as typing:
#Test
public void repeatString() {
String string = "abc";
assertThat($(string).repeat(3).toString(), is("abcabcabc"));
}
PS: repeat works also for array, List, Set, etc
I wanted a function to create a comma-delimited list of question marks for JDBC purposes, and found this post. So, I decided to take two variants and see which one performed better. After 1 million iterations, the garden-variety StringBuilder took 2 seconds (fun1), and the cryptic supposedly more optimal version (fun2) took 30 seconds. What's the point of being cryptic again?
private static String fun1(int size) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(size * 2);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
sb.append(",?");
}
return sb.substring(1);
}
private static String fun2(int size) {
return new String(new char[size]).replaceAll("\0", ",?").substring(1);
}
OOP Solution
Nearly every answer proposes a static function as a solution, but thinking Object-Oriented (for reusability-purposes and clarity) I came up with a Solution via Delegation through the CharSequence-Interface (which also opens up usability on mutable CharSequence-Classes).
The following Class can be used either with or without Separator-String/CharSequence and each call to "toString()" builds the final repeated String.
The Input/Separator are not only limited to String-Class, but can be every Class which implements CharSequence (e.g. StringBuilder, StringBuffer, etc)!
Source-Code:
/**
* Helper-Class for Repeating Strings and other CharSequence-Implementations
* #author Maciej Schuttkowski
*/
public class RepeatingCharSequence implements CharSequence {
final int count;
CharSequence internalCharSeq = "";
CharSequence separator = "";
/**
* CONSTRUCTOR - RepeatingCharSequence
* #param input CharSequence to repeat
* #param count Repeat-Count
*/
public RepeatingCharSequence(CharSequence input, int count) {
if(count < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not repeat String \""+input+"\" less than 0 times! count="+count);
if(count > 0)
internalCharSeq = input;
this.count = count;
}
/**
* CONSTRUCTOR - Strings.RepeatingCharSequence
* #param input CharSequence to repeat
* #param count Repeat-Count
* #param separator Separator-Sequence to use
*/
public RepeatingCharSequence(CharSequence input, int count, CharSequence separator) {
this(input, count);
this.separator = separator;
}
#Override
public CharSequence subSequence(int start, int end) {
checkBounds(start);
checkBounds(end);
int subLen = end - start;
if (subLen < 0) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Illegal subSequence-Length: "+subLen);
}
return (start == 0 && end == length()) ? this
: toString().substring(start, subLen);
}
#Override
public int length() {
//We return the total length of our CharSequences with the separator 1 time less than amount of repeats:
return count < 1 ? 0
: ( (internalCharSeq.length()*count) + (separator.length()*(count-1)));
}
#Override
public char charAt(int index) {
final int internalIndex = internalIndex(index);
//Delegate to Separator-CharSequence or Input-CharSequence depending on internal index:
if(internalIndex > internalCharSeq.length()-1) {
return separator.charAt(internalIndex-internalCharSeq.length());
}
return internalCharSeq.charAt(internalIndex);
}
#Override
public String toString() {
return count < 1 ? ""
: new StringBuilder(this).toString();
}
private void checkBounds(int index) {
if(index < 0 || index >= length())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index out of Bounds: "+index);
}
private int internalIndex(int index) {
// We need to add 1 Separator-Length to total length before dividing,
// as we subtracted one Separator-Length in "length()"
return index % ((length()+separator.length())/count);
}
}
Usage-Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
//String input = "12345";
//StringBuffer input = new StringBuffer("12345");
StringBuilder input = new StringBuilder("123");
//String separator = "<=>";
StringBuilder separator = new StringBuilder("<=");//.append('>');
int repeatCount = 2;
CharSequence repSeq = new RepeatingCharSequence(input, repeatCount, separator);
String repStr = repSeq.toString();
System.out.println("Repeat="+repeatCount+"\tSeparator="+separator+"\tInput="+input+"\tLength="+input.length());
System.out.println("CharSeq:\tLength="+repSeq.length()+"\tVal="+repSeq);
System.out.println("String :\tLength="+repStr.length()+"\tVal="+repStr);
//Here comes the Magic with a StringBuilder as Input, as you can append to the String-Builder
//and at the same Time your Repeating-Sequence's toString()-Method returns the updated String :)
input.append("ff");
System.out.println(repSeq);
//Same can be done with the Separator:
separator.append("===").append('>');
System.out.println(repSeq);
}
Example-Output:
Repeat=2 Separator=<= Input=123 Length=3
CharSeq: Length=8 Val=123<=123
String : Length=8 Val=123<=123
123ff<=123ff
123ff<====>123ff
using only JRE classes (System.arraycopy) and trying to minimize the number of temp objects you can write something like:
public static String repeat(String toRepeat, int times) {
if (toRepeat == null) {
toRepeat = "";
}
if (times < 0) {
times = 0;
}
final int length = toRepeat.length();
final int total = length * times;
final char[] src = toRepeat.toCharArray();
char[] dst = new char[total];
for (int i = 0; i < total; i += length) {
System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, i, length);
}
return String.copyValueOf(dst);
}
EDIT
and without loops you can try with:
public static String repeat2(String toRepeat, int times) {
if (toRepeat == null) {
toRepeat = "";
}
if (times < 0) {
times = 0;
}
String[] copies = new String[times];
Arrays.fill(copies, toRepeat);
return Arrays.toString(copies).
replace("[", "").
replace("]", "").
replaceAll(", ", "");
}
EDIT 2
using Collections is even shorter:
public static String repeat3(String toRepeat, int times) {
return Collections.nCopies(times, toRepeat).
toString().
replace("[", "").
replace("]", "").
replaceAll(", ", "");
}
however I still like the first version.
Not the shortest, but (i think) the fastest way is to use the StringBuilder:
/**
* Repeat a String as many times you need.
*
* #param i - Number of Repeating the String.
* #param s - The String wich you want repeated.
* #return The string n - times.
*/
public static String repeate(int i, String s) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
sb.append(s);
return sb.toString();
}
If speed is your concern, then you should use as less memory copying as possible. Thus it is required to work with arrays of chars.
public static String repeatString(String what, int howmany) {
char[] pattern = what.toCharArray();
char[] res = new char[howmany * pattern.length];
int length = pattern.length;
for (int i = 0; i < howmany; i++)
System.arraycopy(pattern, 0, res, i * length, length);
return new String(res);
}
To test speed, a similar optimal method using StirngBuilder is like this:
public static String repeatStringSB(String what, int howmany) {
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(what.length() * howmany);
for (int i = 0; i < howmany; i++)
out.append(what);
return out.toString();
}
and the code to test it:
public static void main(String... args) {
String res;
long time;
for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
res = repeatString("123", 100000);
res = repeatStringSB("123", 100000);
}
time = System.nanoTime();
res = repeatString("123", 1000000);
time = System.nanoTime() - time;
System.out.println("elapsed repeatString: " + time);
time = System.nanoTime();
res = repeatStringSB("123", 1000000);
time = System.nanoTime() - time;
System.out.println("elapsed repeatStringSB: " + time);
}
And here the run results from my system:
elapsed repeatString: 6006571
elapsed repeatStringSB: 9064937
Note that the test for loop is to kick in JIT and have optimal results.
a straightforward one-line solution:
requires Java 8
Collections.nCopies( 3, "abc" ).stream().collect( Collectors.joining() );
for the sake of readability and portability:
public String repeat(String str, int count){
if(count <= 0) {return "";}
return new String(new char[count]).replace("\0", str);
}
If you are worried about performance, just use a StringBuilder inside the loop and do a .toString() on exit of the Loop. Heck, write your own Util Class and reuse it. 5 Lines of code max.
I really enjoy this question. There is a lot of knowledge and styles. So I can't leave it without show my rock and roll ;)
{
String string = repeat("1234567890", 4);
System.out.println(string);
System.out.println("=======");
repeatWithoutCopySample(string, 100000);
System.out.println(string);// This take time, try it without printing
System.out.println(string.length());
}
/**
* The core of the task.
*/
#SuppressWarnings("AssignmentToMethodParameter")
public static char[] repeat(char[] sample, int times) {
char[] r = new char[sample.length * times];
while (--times > -1) {
System.arraycopy(sample, 0, r, times * sample.length, sample.length);
}
return r;
}
/**
* Java classic style.
*/
public static String repeat(String sample, int times) {
return new String(repeat(sample.toCharArray(), times));
}
/**
* Java extreme memory style.
*/
#SuppressWarnings("UseSpecificCatch")
public static void repeatWithoutCopySample(String sample, int times) {
try {
Field valueStringField = String.class.getDeclaredField("value");
valueStringField.setAccessible(true);
valueStringField.set(sample, repeat((char[]) valueStringField.get(sample), times));
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
}
Do you like it?
public static String repeat(String str, int times) {
int length = str.length();
int size = length * times;
char[] c = new char[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
c[i] = str.charAt(i % length);
}
return new String(c);
}
Simple loop
public static String repeat(String string, int times) {
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
while (times-- > 0) {
out.append(string);
}
return out.toString();
}
Try this out:
public static char[] myABCs = {'a', 'b', 'c'};
public static int numInput;
static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.print("Enter Number of Times to repeat: ");
numInput = in.nextInt();
repeatArray(numInput);
}
public static int repeatArray(int y) {
for (int a = 0; a < y; a++) {
for (int b = 0; b < myABCs.length; b++) {
System.out.print(myABCs[b]);
}
System.out.print(" ");
}
return y;
}
Using recursion, you can do the following (using ternary operators, one line max):
public static final String repeat(String string, long number) {
return number == 1 ? string : (number % 2 == 0 ? repeat(string + string, number / 2) : string + repeat(string + string, (number - 1) / 2));
}
I know, it's ugly and probably not efficient, but it's one line!
If you only know the length of the output string (and it may be not divisible by the length of the input string), then use this method:
static String repeat(String s, int length) {
return s.length() >= length ? s.substring(0, length) : repeat(s + s, length);
}
Usage demo:
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
System.out.println(repeat("_/‾\\", i));
Don't use with empty s and length > 0, since it's impossible to get the desired result in this case.
Despite your desire not to use loops, I think you should use a loop.
String repeatString(String s, int repetitions)
{
if(repetitions < 0) throw SomeException();
else if(s == null) return null;
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(s.length() * repetitions);
for(int i = 0; i < repetitions; i++)
stringBuilder.append(s);
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
Your reasons for not using a for loop are not good ones. In response to your criticisms:
Whatever solution you use will almost certainly be longer than this. Using a pre-built function only tucks it under more covers.
Someone reading your code will have to figure out what you're doing in that non-for-loop. Given that a for-loop is the idiomatic way to do this, it would be much easier to figure out if you did it with a for loop.
Yes someone might add something clever, but by avoiding a for loop you are doing something clever. That's like shooting yourself in the foot intentionally to avoid shooting yourself in the foot by accident.
Off-by-one errors are also mind-numbingly easy to catch with a single test. Given that you should be testing your code, an off-by-one error should be easy to fix and catch. And it's worth noting: the code above does not contain an off-by-one error. For loops are equally easy to get right.
So don't reuse variables. That's not the for-loop's fault.
Again, so does whatever solution you use. And as I noted before; a bug hunter will probably be expecting you to do this with a for loop, so they'll have an easier time finding it if you use a for loop.
here is the latest Stringutils.java StringUtils.java
public static String repeat(String str, int repeat) {
// Performance tuned for 2.0 (JDK1.4)
if (str == null) {
return null;
}
if (repeat <= 0) {
return EMPTY;
}
int inputLength = str.length();
if (repeat == 1 || inputLength == 0) {
return str;
}
if (inputLength == 1 && repeat <= PAD_LIMIT) {
return repeat(str.charAt(0), repeat);
}
int outputLength = inputLength * repeat;
switch (inputLength) {
case 1 :
return repeat(str.charAt(0), repeat);
case 2 :
char ch0 = str.charAt(0);
char ch1 = str.charAt(1);
char[] output2 = new char[outputLength];
for (int i = repeat * 2 - 2; i >= 0; i--, i--) {
output2[i] = ch0;
output2[i + 1] = ch1;
}
return new String(output2);
default :
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(outputLength);
for (int i = 0; i < repeat; i++) {
buf.append(str);
}
return buf.toString();
}
}
it doesn't even need to be this big, can be made into this, and can be copied and pasted
into a utility class in your project.
public static String repeat(String str, int num) {
int len = num * str.length();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(len);
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
sb.append(str);
}
return sb.toString();
}
So e5, I think the best way to do this would be to simply use the above mentioned code,or any of the answers here. but commons lang is just too big if it's a small project
I created a recursive method that do the same thing you want.. feel free to use this...
public String repeat(String str, int count) {
return count > 0 ? repeat(str, count -1) + str: "";
}
i have the same answer on Can I multiply strings in java to repeat sequences?
public static String rep(int a,String k)
{
if(a<=0)
return "";
else
{a--;
return k+rep(a,k);
}
You can use this recursive method for you desired goal.

Java cutting string pairs

So here I have a string from 3200 characters I have to find the pair with most space between them I already have the code to find the pair, but then I have to remove the first char of the pair and move the second at the end of the string and do this things till it's not possible to so. Here is what I've done so far
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StringPairs {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String inputString = readInputString();
printIdenticalSymbols(inputString);
}
private static String readInputString() {
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
String inputString = in.nextLine();
in.close();
return inputString;
}
private static void printIdenticalSymbols(String inputString) {
Map<Character, Integer> symbolsMap = new HashMap<Character, Integer>();
char longestChar = ' ';
int longestDiff = -1;
int firstIndex = -1;
int lastIndex = -1;
int firstOccurenceOfLastIdentical = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < inputString.length(); i++) {
char currentCharacter = inputString.charAt(i);
if (!symbolsMap.containsKey(currentCharacter)) {
symbolsMap.put(currentCharacter, i);
continue;
}
int firstOccurenceIndex = symbolsMap.get(currentCharacter);
if (firstOccurenceIndex < firstOccurenceOfLastIdentical) {
symbolsMap.put(currentCharacter, i);
continue;
}
int currentIdenticalLength = i - firstOccurenceIndex;
if (currentIdenticalLength > longestDiff) {
longestChar = currentCharacter;
longestDiff = currentIdenticalLength;
firstIndex = firstOccurenceIndex;
lastIndex = i;
}
firstOccurenceOfLastIdentical = firstOccurenceIndex;
symbolsMap.put(currentCharacter, i);
}
System.out.println(longestChar + " - " + firstIndex + ":" + lastIndex);
}
}
example input:
brtba
output: b:space between them(it already does this) and rtab if the string is bigger do this thing till it's not possible to do so.
It suspiciously looks like homework to me.
Anyway, you should look into String manipulation functions, especially String.substring(begin,end). To make a loop, look into the while loop. Note that you don't handle yet the case where there is no pair.
This being said, I don't understand the function of the test:
(firstOccurenceIndex < firstOccurenceOfLastIdentical).

interviewstreet.com - String similarity

I'm trying to solve the string similarity question on interviewstreet.com. My code is working for 7/10 cases (and it is exceeding the time limit for the other 3).
Here's my code -
public class Solution {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner user_input = new Scanner(System.in);
String v1 = user_input.next();
int number_cases = Integer.parseInt(v1);
String[] cases = new String[number_cases];
for(int i=0;i<number_cases;i++)
cases[i] = user_input.next();
for(int k=0;k<number_cases;k++){
int similarity = solve(cases[k]);
System.out.println(similarity);
}
}
static int solve(String sample){
int len=sample.length();
int sim=0;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
for(int j=i;j<len;j++){
if(sample.charAt(j-i)==sample.charAt(j))
sim++;
else
break;
}
}
return sim;
}
}
Here's the question -
For two strings A and B, we define the similarity of the strings to be the length of the longest prefix common to both strings. For example, the similarity of strings "abc" and "abd" is 2, while the similarity of strings "aaa" and "aaab" is 3.
Calculate the sum of similarities of a string S with each of it's suffixes.
Input:
The first line contains the number of test cases T. Each of the next T lines contains a string each.
Output:
Output T lines containing the answer for the corresponding test case.
Constraints:
1 <= T <= 10
The length of each string is at most 100000 and contains only lower case characters.
Sample Input:
2
ababaa
aa
Sample Output:
11
3
Explanation:
For the first case, the suffixes of the string are "ababaa", "babaa", "abaa", "baa", "aa" and "a". The similarities of each of these strings with the string "ababaa" are 6,0,3,0,1,1 respectively. Thus the answer is 6 + 0 + 3 + 0 + 1 + 1 = 11.
For the second case, the answer is 2 + 1 = 3.
How can I improve the running speed of the code. It becomes harder since the website does not provide a list of test cases it uses.
I used char[] instead of strings. It reduced the running time from 5.3 seconds to 4.7 seconds and for the test cases and it worked. Here's the code -
static int solve(String sample){
int len=sample.length();
char[] letters = sample.toCharArray();
int sim=0;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
for(int j=i;j<len;j++){
if(letters[j-i]==letters[j])
sim++;
else
break;
}
}
return sim;
}
used a different algorithm. run a loop for n times where n is equals to length the main string. for each loop generate all the suffix of the string starting for ith string and match it with the second string. when you find unmatched character break the loop add j's value to counter integer c.
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
class Solution {
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
int T = Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());
for (int i = 0; i < T; i++) {
String line = in.readLine();
System.out.println(count(line));
}
}
private static int count(String input) {
int c = 0, j;
char[] array = input.toCharArray();
int n = array.length;
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < n - i && i + j < n; j++)
if (array[i + j] != array[j])
break;
c+=j;
}
return c;
}
}
I spent some time to resolve this question, and here is an example of my code (it works for me, and pass thru all the test-cases):
static long stringSimilarity(String a) {
int len=a.length();
char[] letters = a.toCharArray();
char localChar = letters[0];
long sim=0;
int sameCharsRow = 0;
boolean isFirstTime = true;
for(int i=0;i<len;i++){
if (localChar == letters[i]) {
for(int j = i + sameCharsRow;j<len;j++){
if (isFirstTime && letters[j] == localChar) {
sameCharsRow++;
} else {
isFirstTime = false;
}
if(letters[j-i]==letters[j])
sim++;
else
break;
}
if (sameCharsRow > 0) {
sameCharsRow--;
sim += sameCharsRow;
}
isFirstTime = true;
}
}
return sim;
}
The point is that we need to speed up strings with the same content, and then we will have better performance with test cases 10 and 11.
Initialize sim with the length of the sample string and start the outer loop with 1 because we now in advance that the comparison of the sample string with itself will add its own length value to the result.
import java.util.Scanner;
public class StringSimilarity
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Scanner user_input = new Scanner(System.in);
int count = Integer.parseInt(user_input.next());
char[] nextLine = user_input.next().toCharArray();
try
{
while(nextLine!= null )
{
int length = nextLine.length;
int suffixCount =length;
for(int i=1;i<length;i++)
{
int j =0;
int k=i;
for(;k<length && nextLine[k++] == nextLine[j++]; suffixCount++);
}
System.out.println(suffixCount);
if(--count < 0)
{
System.exit(0);
}
nextLine = user_input.next().toCharArray();
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

Simple way to repeat a string

I'm looking for a simple commons method or operator that allows me to repeat some string n times. I know I could write this using a for loop, but I wish to avoid for loops whenever necessary and a simple direct method should exist somewhere.
String str = "abc";
String repeated = str.repeat(3);
repeated.equals("abcabcabc");
Related to:
repeat string javascript
Create NSString by repeating another string a given number of times
Edited
I try to avoid for loops when they are not completely necessary because:
They add to the number of lines of code even if they are tucked away in another function.
Someone reading my code has to figure out what I am doing in that for loop. Even if it is commented and has meaningful variables names, they still have to make sure it is not doing anything "clever".
Programmers love to put clever things in for loops, even if I write it to "only do what it is intended to do", that does not preclude someone coming along and adding some additional clever "fix".
They are very often easy to get wrong. For loops involving indexes tend to generate off by one bugs.
For loops often reuse the same variables, increasing the chance of really hard to find scoping bugs.
For loops increase the number of places a bug hunter has to look.
Here is the shortest version (Java 1.5+ required):
repeated = new String(new char[n]).replace("\0", s);
Where n is the number of times you want to repeat the string and s is the string to repeat.
No imports or libraries needed.
If you are using Java <= 7, this is as "concise" as it gets:
// create a string made up of n copies of string s
String.format("%0" + n + "d", 0).replace("0", s);
In Java 8 and above there is a more readable way:
// create a string made up of n copies of string s
String.join("", Collections.nCopies(n, s));
Finally, for Java 11 and above, there is a new repeat​(int count) method specifically for this purpose(link)
"abc".repeat(12);
Alternatively, if your project uses java libraries there are more options.
For Apache Commons:
StringUtils.repeat("abc", 12);
For Google Guava:
Strings.repeat("abc", 12);
String::repeat
". ".repeat(7) // Seven period-with-space pairs: . . . . . . .
New in Java 11 is the method String::repeat that does exactly what you asked for:
String str = "abc";
String repeated = str.repeat(3);
repeated.equals("abcabcabc");
Its Javadoc says:
/**
* Returns a string whose value is the concatenation of this
* string repeated {#code count} times.
* <p>
* If this string is empty or count is zero then the empty
* string is returned.
*
* #param count number of times to repeat
*
* #return A string composed of this string repeated
* {#code count} times or the empty string if this
* string is empty or count is zero
*
* #throws IllegalArgumentException if the {#code count} is
* negative.
*
* #since 11
*/
Commons Lang StringUtils.repeat()
Usage:
String str = "abc";
String repeated = StringUtils.repeat(str, 3);
repeated.equals("abcabcabc");
Java 8's String.join provides a tidy way to do this in conjunction with Collections.nCopies:
// say hello 100 times
System.out.println(String.join("", Collections.nCopies(100, "hello")));
Here's a way to do it using only standard String functions and no explicit loops:
// create a string made up of n copies of s
repeated = String.format(String.format("%%%ds", n), " ").replace(" ",s);
If you're like me and want to use Google Guava and not Apache Commons. You can use the repeat method in the Guava Strings class.
Strings.repeat("-", 60);
With java-8, you can also use Stream.generate.
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.joining;
...
String repeated = Stream.generate(() -> "abc").limit(3).collect(joining()); //"abcabcabc"
and you can wrap it in a simple utility method if needed:
public static String repeat(String str, int times) {
return Stream.generate(() -> str).limit(times).collect(joining());
}
So you want to avoid loops?
Here you have it:
public static String repeat(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) return "";
else return s + repeat(s, times-1);
}
(of course I know this is ugly and inefficient, but it doesn't have loops :-p)
You want it simpler and prettier? use jython:
s * 3
Edit: let's optimize it a little bit :-D
public static String repeat(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) return "";
else if (times % 2 == 0) return repeat(s+s, times/2);
else return s + repeat(s+s, times/2);
}
Edit2: I've done a quick and dirty benchmark for the 4 main alternatives, but I don't have time to run it several times to get the means and plot the times for several inputs... So here's the code if anybody wants to try it:
public class Repeat {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
String s = args[1];
int l = s.length();
long start, end;
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatLog2(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("RecLog2Concat: " + (end-start) + "ms");
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatR(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("RecLinConcat: " + (end-start) + "ms");
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatIc(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("IterConcat: " + (end-start) + "ms");
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if(repeatSb(s,i).length()!=i*l) throw new RuntimeException();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("IterStrB: " + (end-start) + "ms");
}
public static String repeatLog2(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) {
return "";
}
else if (times % 2 == 0) {
return repeatLog2(s+s, times/2);
}
else {
return s + repeatLog2(s+s, times/2);
}
}
public static String repeatR(String s, int times) {
if (times <= 0) {
return "";
}
else {
return s + repeatR(s, times-1);
}
}
public static String repeatIc(String s, int times) {
String tmp = "";
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
tmp += s;
}
return tmp;
}
public static String repeatSb(String s, int n) {
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sb.append(s);
}
return sb.toString();
}
}
It takes 2 arguments, the first is the number of iterations (each function run with repeat times arg from 1..n) and the second is the string to repeat.
So far, a quick inspection of the times running with different inputs leaves the ranking something like this (better to worse):
Iterative StringBuilder append (1x).
Recursive concatenation log2 invocations (~3x).
Recursive concatenation linear invocations (~30x).
Iterative concatenation linear (~45x).
I wouldn't ever guessed that the recursive function was faster than the for loop :-o
Have fun(ctional xD).
This contains less characters than your question
public static String repeat(String s, int n) {
if(s == null) {
return null;
}
final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(s.length() * n);
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
sb.append(s);
}
return sb.toString();
}
based on fortran's answer, this is a recusive version that uses a StringBuilder:
public static void repeat(StringBuilder stringBuilder, String s, int times) {
if (times > 0) {
repeat(stringBuilder.append(s), s, times - 1);
}
}
public static String repeat(String s, int times) {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(s.length() * times);
repeat(stringBuilder, s, times);
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
using Dollar is simple as typing:
#Test
public void repeatString() {
String string = "abc";
assertThat($(string).repeat(3).toString(), is("abcabcabc"));
}
PS: repeat works also for array, List, Set, etc
I wanted a function to create a comma-delimited list of question marks for JDBC purposes, and found this post. So, I decided to take two variants and see which one performed better. After 1 million iterations, the garden-variety StringBuilder took 2 seconds (fun1), and the cryptic supposedly more optimal version (fun2) took 30 seconds. What's the point of being cryptic again?
private static String fun1(int size) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(size * 2);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
sb.append(",?");
}
return sb.substring(1);
}
private static String fun2(int size) {
return new String(new char[size]).replaceAll("\0", ",?").substring(1);
}
OOP Solution
Nearly every answer proposes a static function as a solution, but thinking Object-Oriented (for reusability-purposes and clarity) I came up with a Solution via Delegation through the CharSequence-Interface (which also opens up usability on mutable CharSequence-Classes).
The following Class can be used either with or without Separator-String/CharSequence and each call to "toString()" builds the final repeated String.
The Input/Separator are not only limited to String-Class, but can be every Class which implements CharSequence (e.g. StringBuilder, StringBuffer, etc)!
Source-Code:
/**
* Helper-Class for Repeating Strings and other CharSequence-Implementations
* #author Maciej Schuttkowski
*/
public class RepeatingCharSequence implements CharSequence {
final int count;
CharSequence internalCharSeq = "";
CharSequence separator = "";
/**
* CONSTRUCTOR - RepeatingCharSequence
* #param input CharSequence to repeat
* #param count Repeat-Count
*/
public RepeatingCharSequence(CharSequence input, int count) {
if(count < 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can not repeat String \""+input+"\" less than 0 times! count="+count);
if(count > 0)
internalCharSeq = input;
this.count = count;
}
/**
* CONSTRUCTOR - Strings.RepeatingCharSequence
* #param input CharSequence to repeat
* #param count Repeat-Count
* #param separator Separator-Sequence to use
*/
public RepeatingCharSequence(CharSequence input, int count, CharSequence separator) {
this(input, count);
this.separator = separator;
}
#Override
public CharSequence subSequence(int start, int end) {
checkBounds(start);
checkBounds(end);
int subLen = end - start;
if (subLen < 0) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Illegal subSequence-Length: "+subLen);
}
return (start == 0 && end == length()) ? this
: toString().substring(start, subLen);
}
#Override
public int length() {
//We return the total length of our CharSequences with the separator 1 time less than amount of repeats:
return count < 1 ? 0
: ( (internalCharSeq.length()*count) + (separator.length()*(count-1)));
}
#Override
public char charAt(int index) {
final int internalIndex = internalIndex(index);
//Delegate to Separator-CharSequence or Input-CharSequence depending on internal index:
if(internalIndex > internalCharSeq.length()-1) {
return separator.charAt(internalIndex-internalCharSeq.length());
}
return internalCharSeq.charAt(internalIndex);
}
#Override
public String toString() {
return count < 1 ? ""
: new StringBuilder(this).toString();
}
private void checkBounds(int index) {
if(index < 0 || index >= length())
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Index out of Bounds: "+index);
}
private int internalIndex(int index) {
// We need to add 1 Separator-Length to total length before dividing,
// as we subtracted one Separator-Length in "length()"
return index % ((length()+separator.length())/count);
}
}
Usage-Example:
public static void main(String[] args) {
//String input = "12345";
//StringBuffer input = new StringBuffer("12345");
StringBuilder input = new StringBuilder("123");
//String separator = "<=>";
StringBuilder separator = new StringBuilder("<=");//.append('>');
int repeatCount = 2;
CharSequence repSeq = new RepeatingCharSequence(input, repeatCount, separator);
String repStr = repSeq.toString();
System.out.println("Repeat="+repeatCount+"\tSeparator="+separator+"\tInput="+input+"\tLength="+input.length());
System.out.println("CharSeq:\tLength="+repSeq.length()+"\tVal="+repSeq);
System.out.println("String :\tLength="+repStr.length()+"\tVal="+repStr);
//Here comes the Magic with a StringBuilder as Input, as you can append to the String-Builder
//and at the same Time your Repeating-Sequence's toString()-Method returns the updated String :)
input.append("ff");
System.out.println(repSeq);
//Same can be done with the Separator:
separator.append("===").append('>');
System.out.println(repSeq);
}
Example-Output:
Repeat=2 Separator=<= Input=123 Length=3
CharSeq: Length=8 Val=123<=123
String : Length=8 Val=123<=123
123ff<=123ff
123ff<====>123ff
using only JRE classes (System.arraycopy) and trying to minimize the number of temp objects you can write something like:
public static String repeat(String toRepeat, int times) {
if (toRepeat == null) {
toRepeat = "";
}
if (times < 0) {
times = 0;
}
final int length = toRepeat.length();
final int total = length * times;
final char[] src = toRepeat.toCharArray();
char[] dst = new char[total];
for (int i = 0; i < total; i += length) {
System.arraycopy(src, 0, dst, i, length);
}
return String.copyValueOf(dst);
}
EDIT
and without loops you can try with:
public static String repeat2(String toRepeat, int times) {
if (toRepeat == null) {
toRepeat = "";
}
if (times < 0) {
times = 0;
}
String[] copies = new String[times];
Arrays.fill(copies, toRepeat);
return Arrays.toString(copies).
replace("[", "").
replace("]", "").
replaceAll(", ", "");
}
EDIT 2
using Collections is even shorter:
public static String repeat3(String toRepeat, int times) {
return Collections.nCopies(times, toRepeat).
toString().
replace("[", "").
replace("]", "").
replaceAll(", ", "");
}
however I still like the first version.
Not the shortest, but (i think) the fastest way is to use the StringBuilder:
/**
* Repeat a String as many times you need.
*
* #param i - Number of Repeating the String.
* #param s - The String wich you want repeated.
* #return The string n - times.
*/
public static String repeate(int i, String s) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
sb.append(s);
return sb.toString();
}
If speed is your concern, then you should use as less memory copying as possible. Thus it is required to work with arrays of chars.
public static String repeatString(String what, int howmany) {
char[] pattern = what.toCharArray();
char[] res = new char[howmany * pattern.length];
int length = pattern.length;
for (int i = 0; i < howmany; i++)
System.arraycopy(pattern, 0, res, i * length, length);
return new String(res);
}
To test speed, a similar optimal method using StirngBuilder is like this:
public static String repeatStringSB(String what, int howmany) {
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(what.length() * howmany);
for (int i = 0; i < howmany; i++)
out.append(what);
return out.toString();
}
and the code to test it:
public static void main(String... args) {
String res;
long time;
for (int j = 0; j < 1000; j++) {
res = repeatString("123", 100000);
res = repeatStringSB("123", 100000);
}
time = System.nanoTime();
res = repeatString("123", 1000000);
time = System.nanoTime() - time;
System.out.println("elapsed repeatString: " + time);
time = System.nanoTime();
res = repeatStringSB("123", 1000000);
time = System.nanoTime() - time;
System.out.println("elapsed repeatStringSB: " + time);
}
And here the run results from my system:
elapsed repeatString: 6006571
elapsed repeatStringSB: 9064937
Note that the test for loop is to kick in JIT and have optimal results.
a straightforward one-line solution:
requires Java 8
Collections.nCopies( 3, "abc" ).stream().collect( Collectors.joining() );
for the sake of readability and portability:
public String repeat(String str, int count){
if(count <= 0) {return "";}
return new String(new char[count]).replace("\0", str);
}
If you are worried about performance, just use a StringBuilder inside the loop and do a .toString() on exit of the Loop. Heck, write your own Util Class and reuse it. 5 Lines of code max.
I really enjoy this question. There is a lot of knowledge and styles. So I can't leave it without show my rock and roll ;)
{
String string = repeat("1234567890", 4);
System.out.println(string);
System.out.println("=======");
repeatWithoutCopySample(string, 100000);
System.out.println(string);// This take time, try it without printing
System.out.println(string.length());
}
/**
* The core of the task.
*/
#SuppressWarnings("AssignmentToMethodParameter")
public static char[] repeat(char[] sample, int times) {
char[] r = new char[sample.length * times];
while (--times > -1) {
System.arraycopy(sample, 0, r, times * sample.length, sample.length);
}
return r;
}
/**
* Java classic style.
*/
public static String repeat(String sample, int times) {
return new String(repeat(sample.toCharArray(), times));
}
/**
* Java extreme memory style.
*/
#SuppressWarnings("UseSpecificCatch")
public static void repeatWithoutCopySample(String sample, int times) {
try {
Field valueStringField = String.class.getDeclaredField("value");
valueStringField.setAccessible(true);
valueStringField.set(sample, repeat((char[]) valueStringField.get(sample), times));
} catch (Exception ex) {
throw new RuntimeException(ex);
}
}
Do you like it?
public static String repeat(String str, int times) {
int length = str.length();
int size = length * times;
char[] c = new char[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
c[i] = str.charAt(i % length);
}
return new String(c);
}
Simple loop
public static String repeat(String string, int times) {
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
while (times-- > 0) {
out.append(string);
}
return out.toString();
}
Try this out:
public static char[] myABCs = {'a', 'b', 'c'};
public static int numInput;
static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.print("Enter Number of Times to repeat: ");
numInput = in.nextInt();
repeatArray(numInput);
}
public static int repeatArray(int y) {
for (int a = 0; a < y; a++) {
for (int b = 0; b < myABCs.length; b++) {
System.out.print(myABCs[b]);
}
System.out.print(" ");
}
return y;
}
Using recursion, you can do the following (using ternary operators, one line max):
public static final String repeat(String string, long number) {
return number == 1 ? string : (number % 2 == 0 ? repeat(string + string, number / 2) : string + repeat(string + string, (number - 1) / 2));
}
I know, it's ugly and probably not efficient, but it's one line!
If you only know the length of the output string (and it may be not divisible by the length of the input string), then use this method:
static String repeat(String s, int length) {
return s.length() >= length ? s.substring(0, length) : repeat(s + s, length);
}
Usage demo:
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++)
System.out.println(repeat("_/‾\\", i));
Don't use with empty s and length > 0, since it's impossible to get the desired result in this case.
Despite your desire not to use loops, I think you should use a loop.
String repeatString(String s, int repetitions)
{
if(repetitions < 0) throw SomeException();
else if(s == null) return null;
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(s.length() * repetitions);
for(int i = 0; i < repetitions; i++)
stringBuilder.append(s);
return stringBuilder.toString();
}
Your reasons for not using a for loop are not good ones. In response to your criticisms:
Whatever solution you use will almost certainly be longer than this. Using a pre-built function only tucks it under more covers.
Someone reading your code will have to figure out what you're doing in that non-for-loop. Given that a for-loop is the idiomatic way to do this, it would be much easier to figure out if you did it with a for loop.
Yes someone might add something clever, but by avoiding a for loop you are doing something clever. That's like shooting yourself in the foot intentionally to avoid shooting yourself in the foot by accident.
Off-by-one errors are also mind-numbingly easy to catch with a single test. Given that you should be testing your code, an off-by-one error should be easy to fix and catch. And it's worth noting: the code above does not contain an off-by-one error. For loops are equally easy to get right.
So don't reuse variables. That's not the for-loop's fault.
Again, so does whatever solution you use. And as I noted before; a bug hunter will probably be expecting you to do this with a for loop, so they'll have an easier time finding it if you use a for loop.
here is the latest Stringutils.java StringUtils.java
public static String repeat(String str, int repeat) {
// Performance tuned for 2.0 (JDK1.4)
if (str == null) {
return null;
}
if (repeat <= 0) {
return EMPTY;
}
int inputLength = str.length();
if (repeat == 1 || inputLength == 0) {
return str;
}
if (inputLength == 1 && repeat <= PAD_LIMIT) {
return repeat(str.charAt(0), repeat);
}
int outputLength = inputLength * repeat;
switch (inputLength) {
case 1 :
return repeat(str.charAt(0), repeat);
case 2 :
char ch0 = str.charAt(0);
char ch1 = str.charAt(1);
char[] output2 = new char[outputLength];
for (int i = repeat * 2 - 2; i >= 0; i--, i--) {
output2[i] = ch0;
output2[i + 1] = ch1;
}
return new String(output2);
default :
StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(outputLength);
for (int i = 0; i < repeat; i++) {
buf.append(str);
}
return buf.toString();
}
}
it doesn't even need to be this big, can be made into this, and can be copied and pasted
into a utility class in your project.
public static String repeat(String str, int num) {
int len = num * str.length();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(len);
for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) {
sb.append(str);
}
return sb.toString();
}
So e5, I think the best way to do this would be to simply use the above mentioned code,or any of the answers here. but commons lang is just too big if it's a small project
I created a recursive method that do the same thing you want.. feel free to use this...
public String repeat(String str, int count) {
return count > 0 ? repeat(str, count -1) + str: "";
}
i have the same answer on Can I multiply strings in java to repeat sequences?
public static String rep(int a,String k)
{
if(a<=0)
return "";
else
{a--;
return k+rep(a,k);
}
You can use this recursive method for you desired goal.

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