Develop Reference

How can I compare two strings and return the lexicographical ordered result using the compareTo method?

I am trying to use compareTo method to compare two different names. After running the first attempt the program terminates immediately without returning anything. How can I modify this compareTo method to compare the names (Name n and Name n2) and return the result (-1, 1 or 0)? And obviously a print statement can be added to display (equal, before , or after) for the comparison. Thanks for any assistance.
//First attempt
public class Name implements Comparable<Name> {
private String Name;
public Name(String string) {
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public String getName() {
return Name;
}
public int compareTo(Name other) {
if (getName().compareTo(other.getName()) < 0) {
return -1;
} else if (getName().compareTo(other.getName()) > 0) {
return 1;
} else if (getName().equals(other.getName())) {
return 0;
}
return getName().compareTo(other.getName());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Name n = new Name("jennifer");
n.getName();
Name n2 = new Name("paul");
n2.getName();
}
}
//second attempt
public class Name implements Comparable<String> {
private String Name;
public String getName() {
return Name;
}
public int compareTo(String other) {
if (getName().compareTo(other.getName()) < 0) {
return -1;
} else if (getName().compareTo(other.getName()) > 0) {
return 1;
} else if (getName().equals(other.getName())) {
return 0;
}
return getName().compareTo(other.getName());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String Name = new String("jennifer");
String other = new String("paul");
}
}

//First attempt
public class Name {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String n = new String("jennifer");
String n2 = new String("paul");
if (n.compareTo(n2) < 0) {
System.out.println(n +" is before than " +n2);
} else if (n.compareTo(n2) > 0) {
System.out.println(n +" is after than " +n2);
} else if (n.compareTo(n2) == 0) {
System.out.println(n +" is equals to " +n);
}
}
}
Outoput:
jennifer is before than paul
By the way, check this out because every programming language has its own set of rules and conventions and for variables in Java is like this:
If the name you choose consists of only one word, spell that word in
all lowercase letters. If it consists of more than one word,
capitalize the first letter of each subsequent word.

public class Name implements Comparable<Name> {
private String name;
public Name(String name) {
this.name=name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int compareTo(Name other) {
if (getName().compareTo(other.getName()) < 0) {
return -1;
} else if (getName().compareTo(other.getName()) > 0) {
return 1;
} else if (getName().equals(other.getName())) {
return 0;
}
return getName().compareTo(other.getName());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Name n = new Name("jennifer");
n.getName();
Name n2 = new Name("paul");
n2.getName();
System.out.println(n.getName());
System.out.println(n2.getName());
System.out.println(n2.compareTo(n));
}
}
OUTPUT :
jennifer
paul
1

Use 2 methods 1. Check if object exists 2. Add object

I was wondering how do I go about to create 2 methods,
1. Which does the checking, if the object already exists within the array (based on one of the parameters).
2. Secondly add a method which allows the user / me to add objects into the array when the previous (1st method) returns false.
Here is my try:
public class Book {
String name;
int isbn;
public Book(String e, int iNr) throws LibraryException{
if(e.equals("")){
throw new LibraryException("Blank / empty name is not allowed!");
}
else if(iNr < 1 || iNr > 9000){
throw new LibraryException("The isbn number is outside the allowed range (1 - 9000)! ");
}
setName(e);
setIsbn(iNr);
}
public boolean equals(Object obj){
if(obj instanceof Book){
isbn = (isbn)obj;
return true;
}
return false;
}
public String getName() {
if(name == null || name == ""){
System.out.print("Does not exist!");
}
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getIsbn() {
if(isbn < 0){
System.out.print("ISBN (LIBRI) EXCEPTION TO BE ADDED!");
}
return isbn;
}
public void setIsbn(int isbn) {
this.isbn = isbn;
}
}
.
public class Library
{
String name;
Book[] books;
int nrBooks = 0;
public Library(String name, int nrBooks) throws LibraryException {
if(name.equals("")){
throw new LibraryException("Blank names is not allowed");
}
if(nrBooks < 500){
throw new LibraryException("The number of books needs to be greater than 500!");
}
this.name = name;
this.nrBooks = nrBooks;
this.books = new Book[nrBooks];
}
public void addBook(Book book) throws LibraryException {
if(indexOf(book) == -1){
if(nrBooks < books.length)
books[nrBooks++] = book;
}
}
private int indexOf(Book book)throws LibraryException {
if(nrBooks < Book[].length){
}
return -1;
}
public static void main(String[]args) throws LibraryException{
Library b = new Library("Sami Frasheri", 700);
b.addBook(new Book("Paul Colhen - Alchemist", 1));
b.addBook(new Book("Paul Colhen - Winners Stand ALone", 2));
b.addBook(new Book("Paul Colhen - The river Piedra I sat and I cried", 3));
System.out.print(b);
}
}

Tried ArrayList In Java?.
They will be able to solve almost all of the problems you are facing. Have a look at contains and add.
Please Note, you must override the hashCode and equals method of your Book object for it to work effectively.

I suggest you use an ArrayList of Book. It will solve all of your problems.
public class Library {
private String name;
private ArrayList<Book> books;
private int maxNumberOfBooks;
public Library(String name, int maxNumberOfBooks) {
this.name = name;
this.maxNumberOfBooks = maxNumberOfBooks;
this.books = new ArrayList<Book>();
}
public void addBook(Book book) {
if (!books.contains(book)) {
books.add(book);
}
}
}
If you need to check both parameters, then do something like:
public void addBook(Book book) {
for (Book b : books) {
if (b.getName().equals(book.getName())) {
return; // another book has the same name
}
if (b.getIsbn() == book.getIsbn()) {
return; // another book has the same ISBN
}
}
books.add(book);
}

The size of an array can't be modified. If you want to add an element, you have to instantiate a new array.
public void addBook(Book book) {
int oldN = books.length;
books = Arrays.copyOf(books, oldN + 1);
books[oldN] = book;
return books;
}
This function could replace indexOf(). It looks for the element in your array.
private boolean contains(Book book) {
for (Book b : books) {
if (b != null && book.equals(b))
return true;
}
return false;
}

I would suggest something like this:
public void addBook(Book book) throws LibraryException {
if(indexOf(book) == -1){//book does not exist
if(nrBooks < (books.length-1)){
books[nrBooks] = book;
++nrBooks;
} else {
throw new LibraryException("Not space for more books.");
}
}
}
private int indexOf(Book book)throws LibraryException {
for(int i=0;i<books.lenght;++i){
if(books[i].getName().equals(book.getName()) && books[i].getIsbn==book.getIsbn){
return i;
}//if
}//for
//else
return -1;
}

Check ArrayList for duplicates

Class:
public class Variant
{
private String variant;
private String quantity;
//getters and setters
}
ArrayList:
ArrayList<Variant> variantList = getVariantsList();
Now I want to check whether variantList contains a duplicate entry of variant or not? Please note that variant having two entries with different quantity are to be considered as duplicates.

You can simply ovveride your equals method in your Variant class and provide all the rules for equality in that method.
#Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
..
Then you can use contains method or just pass it to a Set, that eliminates all your duplicates.
If you want variant having two entries with different quantity also considered as dup, then you can add that condition in your equals.

Override equals(Object obj) method and try to compare the object on variant and quantity.
Try to loop thru the variantList and do check for duplicity using variantList.contains(variant).

There are two things you need to do:
Override the equals() in your Variant class(minimal code below):
Please note that the below code only checks for quantity and not the variant prop. Your IDE might help you to generate the equals() as well.
#Override
public boolean equals(Object object) {
boolean isEqual = (this == object);
if(object instanceof Variant){
Variant variant = (Variant) object;
isEqual = this.quantity.equals(variant.quantity);
}else{
isEqual = false;
}
return isEqual;
}
Check if the List contains the object - which will use the equals() to check if both are equal.
for (Variant variant : variantList) {
if (variantList.contains(variant)) {
//do logic if its present
}
}

Just check one object with other objects of list
Override equals method in Variant class
#Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj != null) {
if (obj instanceof Variant) {
Variant temp = (Variant) obj;
return this.quantity.equals(temp.quantity); //for different quantity
} else {
return false;
}
}
return false;
}
Then check :
for (int i = 0; i < variantList.size(); i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < variantList.size(); j++) {
if (i != j) {
if (iList.get(i).equals(iList.get(j))) {
//logic when duplicate
break;
}
}
}
}

Follow the below guidelines:
Your Class Variant must override the equals method, since you define a duplicate condition based on quality hence in the equals method check for quality attribute value i.e.
public class Variant {
private String variant;
private String quantity;
public Variant(String variant, String quantity) {
this.variant = variant;
this.quantity = quantity;
}
#Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result
+ ((quantity == null) ? 0 : quantity.hashCode());
return result;
}
#Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Variant other = (Variant) obj;
if (quantity == null) {
if (other.quantity != null)
return false;
} else if (!quantity.equals(other.quantity))
return false;
return true;
}
}
Create a method which basically checking whether your list contains the duplicate entries(Variant) or not and return true and false accordingly:
private static boolean isListContainsDuplicateEntries(
ArrayList variantList) {
final List setToReturn = new ArrayList();
for (Variant v : variantList) {
if (!setToReturn.contains(v)) {
setToReturn.add(v);
} else {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
Now, test the functionality:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Variant variant1 = new Variant("1", "100");
Variant variant2 = new Variant("2", "200");
Variant variant3 = new Variant("3", "200");
ArrayList<Variant> variantList = new ArrayList<>();
variantList.add(variant1);
variantList.add(variant2);
variantList.add(variant3);
System.out.println(Variant.isListContainsDuplicateEntries(variantList));
Output: true

You can use contains():
if (variantList.contains(**<some other Variant object>**)){
...
}

You can simply override your equals method in your Variant and try like this
List<Varient> list =getVariantsList();
System.out.println("here list size"+list.size());
Set<Varient> set = new HashSet<Varient>(list);
System.out.println("here"+set.size());

Create a varient Object:
public class Varient {
private String variant;
private String quantity;
public String getVariant() {
return variant;
}
public void setVariant(String variant) {
this.variant = variant;
}
public String getQuantity() {
return quantity;
}
public void setQuantity(String quantity) {
this.quantity = quantity;
}
#Override
public boolean equals(Object o) {
if (this == o) return true;
if (!(o instanceof Varient)) return false;
Varient varient = (Varient) o;
if (!quantity.equals(varient.quantity)) return false;
if (!variant.equals(varient.variant)) return false;
return true;
}
#Override
public int hashCode() {
int result = variant.hashCode();
result = 31 * result + quantity.hashCode();
return result;
}
}
Here is your main Program;
public class Test {
public static void main (String [] args){
// getVariantsList() here your list
List<Varient> list =getVariantsList();
Set<Varient> set = new LinkedHashSet<Varient>(list);
}
}

public class Variant {
private String variant;
private String quantity;
#Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((variant == null) ? 0 : variant.hashCode());
return result;
}
#Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
Variant other = (Variant) obj;
if (variant == null) {
if (other.variant != null)
return false;
} else if (!variant.equals(other.variant))
return false;
return true;
}
public String getVariant() {
return variant;
}
public void setVariant(String variant) {
this.variant = variant;
}
public String getQuantity() {
return quantity;
}
public void setQuantity(String quantity) {
this.quantity = quantity;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// HashSet<Variant> set = new HashSet<>();
// LinkedHashSet<Variant> linkedSet = new LinkedHashSet<>(); // stores
// in input order
/*
* You can use treeset to store data in custom order, in this case
* lexicographically
*/
TreeSet<Variant> treeSet = new TreeSet<>(new VariantComparator());
}
}

Java: HashSet multiple types

I have a program that I have to use a HashSet for. My question arises from the fact that HashSets mainly contain one object, but if I wish to send information to the other class, it takes three objects: one string, one int, and one boolean.
The assignment says that I must use a HashSet
Constructor I am trying to send information to:
public Magic (String name, int size, boolean isVisible)
I have a class that is supposed to be sending sets of spells containing name, size, and isVisible.
Magic.go() class:
public void go()
{
int i = 0;
while (i < size) {
if (isVisible == true) {
System.out.println(name + "!");
}
i++;
}
}

Just create an object which contains all the three fields like this:
import java.util.Objects;
public class NameSizeVisible {
private final String name;
private final int size;
private final boolean isVisible;
public NameSizeVisible(String name, int size, boolean isVisible) {
this.name = name;
this.size = size;
this.isVisible = isVisible;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public int getSize() {
return size;
}
public boolean isVisible() {
return isVisible;
}
#Override
public int hashCode() {
return Objects.hash(name,size,isVisible);
}
#Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
NameSizeVisible other = (NameSizeVisible) obj;
if (isVisible != other.isVisible)
return false;
if (!Objects.equals(name, other.name))
return false;
if (size != other.size)
return false;
return true;
}
}

You can use a HashSet that stores Objects. So you would have:
HashSet<Object> set = new HashSet<>();
set.add(name);
set.add(size);
set.add(isVisible);
Then when you access the objects you just need to cast them to their respective types:
String name = "";
int size = 0;
boolean isVisible = false;
for (Object o : set) {
if (o instanceof String) {
name = (String) o;
} else if (o instanceof int) {
size = (int) o;
} else {
isVisible = (boolean) o;
}
}

Why am I getting an exception main "thread" error?

I have created two classes (and two interfaces) and then a main code. I just debugged the main code because I was getting an error that was preventing my code from working properly. I know that the problem in my Project03.java file is in line 29 and the line is input = userInput.nextLine(); . The error is:
Exception in thread "main" java.util.NoSuchElementException: No line found
at java.util.Scanner.nextLine(Scanner.java:1585)
at Project03.main(Project03.java:29)
Why is the error coming up and how can I prevent it? Thank you!
The codes are below:
SimpleMusicTrack.java
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.lang.Object;
public class SimpleMusicTrack implements PlayListTrack {
private String name;
private String artist;
private String albumName;
// Convenience constructor for unit testing
public SimpleMusicTrack(String name, String artist, String album) {
this.name = name;
this.artist = artist;
this.albumName = album;
}
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getArtist() {
return this.artist;
}
public void setArtist(String artist) {
this.artist = artist;
}
public String getAlbum() {
return this.albumName;
}
public void setAlbum(String album) {
this.albumName = album;
}
public boolean getNextTrack(Scanner infile) {
if (infile == null)
return false;
while (infile.hasNext()) {
this.setName(infile.nextLine());
this.setArtist(infile.nextLine());
this.setAlbum(infile.nextLine());
return true;
}
return false;
}
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
boolean songInfo;
if (obj instanceof MusicTrack) {
MusicTrack name1 = (MusicTrack) obj;
if (this.name.equals(name1.getName())
&& this.artist.equals(name1.getArtist())
&& this.albumName.equals(name1.getArtist())) {
songInfo = true;
} else {
songInfo = false;
}
} else {
songInfo = false;
}
return songInfo;
}
public String toString() {
String allSongInfo;
allSongInfo = this.artist + " / " + this.name;
return allSongInfo;
}
}
PlayListTrack.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public interface PlayListTrack {
public String getName();
public void setName(String name);
public String getArtist();
public void setArtist(String artist);
public String getAlbum();
public void setAlbum(String album);
public boolean getNextTrack(Scanner infile);
// Attempts to read a play list track entry from a Scanner object
// Sets the values in the object to the values given in
// the file
// If it successfully loads the track, return true
// otherwise, return false
}
SimplePlayList.java
import java.util.*;
import java.util.Queue;
public class SimplePlayList implements PlayList {
Queue<PlayListTrack> queue;
public SimplePlayList(Scanner in) {
queue = new LinkedList<PlayListTrack>();
readFile(in);
}
public void readFile(Scanner in) {
Scanner inScanner = new Scanner(System.in);
Queue<PlayListTrack> queue = new LinkedList<PlayListTrack>();
while (in.hasNext()) {
queue.add(new SimpleMusicTrack(in.nextLine(), in.nextLine(), in
.nextLine()));
}
inScanner.close();
}
public PlayListTrack getNextTrack() {
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
queue.remove();
}
return queue.peek();
}
public PlayListTrack peekAtNextTrack() {
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
queue.peek();
}
return queue.peek();
}
public void addTrack(PlayListTrack track) {
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
queue.add(track);
}
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
while (!queue.isEmpty()) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
PlayList.java
public interface PlayList {
public PlayListTrack getNextTrack();
// Removes track from PlayList and returns it to the caller
// Should return a null value if the PlayList is empty
public PlayListTrack peekAtNextTrack();
// Returns next entry to the caller, but leaves it in the list
public void addTrack(PlayListTrack track);
// Adds this track to the play list in the appropriate order
public boolean isEmpty();
// Returns true if the play list is empty
}
Project03.java
import java.io.File;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Project03 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner userInput = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter database filename: ");
String fileName = userInput.nextLine();
try {
File file = new File(fileName);
Scanner musicList = new Scanner(file);
String input = "P";
PlayList playList = new SimplePlayList(musicList);
while (!"Q".equalsIgnoreCase(input)) {
if ("A".equalsIgnoreCase(input)) {
displayAddTrackOption(userInput, playList);
input = "";
} else {
displayNextSong(playList);
System.out.print("> ");
input = userInput.nextLine();
}
}
displayRemainingTracks(playList);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
System.out.println("Sorry, could not find your file");
}
}
private static void displayRemainingTracks(PlayList playList) {
System.out
.println("Tracks remaining in play list------------------------------------------------------------");
if (!playList.isEmpty()) {
boolean hasAnotherTrack = true;
int lineNumber = 1;
while (hasAnotherTrack) {
MusicTrack currentTrackToPlay = (MusicTrack) playList
.getNextTrack();
if (currentTrackToPlay != null) {
System.out.printf("%d - %s / %s / %s\n", lineNumber,
currentTrackToPlay.getName(),
currentTrackToPlay.getArtist(),
currentTrackToPlay.getAlbum());
lineNumber++;
} else
hasAnotherTrack = false;
}
} else
System.out.println("No tracks remaining");
}
private static void displayAddTrackOption(Scanner userInput,
PlayList playList) {
String title, artist, album, confirmation;
System.out.print("Track name: ");
title = userInput.nextLine();
System.out.print("Artist name: ");
artist = userInput.nextLine();
System.out.print("Album name: ");
album = userInput.nextLine();
System.out.println("New Track: " + title);
System.out.println("Artist: " + artist);
System.out.println("Album: " + album);
System.out.print("Are you sure you want to add this track [y/n]? ");
confirmation = userInput.nextLine();
if ("Y".equalsIgnoreCase(confirmation)) {
playList.addTrack((PlayListTrack) new SimpleMusicTrack(title,
artist, album));
}
}
private static void displayNextSong(PlayList playList) {
MusicTrack currentMusicTrackToPlay;
MusicTrack nextMusicTrackToPlay;
currentMusicTrackToPlay = (MusicTrack) playList.getNextTrack();
nextMusicTrackToPlay = (MusicTrack) playList.peekAtNextTrack();
if (currentMusicTrackToPlay != null) {
System.out.println("Currently playing: "
+ currentMusicTrackToPlay.getName() + " / "
+ currentMusicTrackToPlay.getArtist());
} else {
System.out.println("Currently playing: No Song Playing");
}
if (nextMusicTrackToPlay != null) {
System.out.println("Next track to play: "
+ nextMusicTrackToPlay.getName() + " / "
+ nextMusicTrackToPlay.getArtist());
} else {
System.out.println("Play list is empty, no more tracks");
}
System.out.println("[P]lay next track");
System.out.println("[A]dd a new track");
System.out.println("[Q]uit");
}
}

You're using two Scanner's on the same stream (System.in). The first being userInput in the main method of your Project03 class. The second being inScanner in the readFile method of your SimplePlayList class:
public void readFile(Scanner in) {
Scanner inScanner = new Scanner(System.in); // <-- remove this line
Queue<PlayListTrack> queue = new LinkedList<PlayListTrack>();
while (in.hasNext()) {
queue.add(new SimpleMusicTrack(in.nextLine(), in.nextLine(), in
.nextLine()));
}
inScanner.close(); // <--- remove this line
}
Using multiple scanners on the same stream is the underlying problem. Scanners can (and will) consume the stream - this may (will) lead to unexpected side-effects. Best not to do it.
If the input is closed, then the input [...] is closed for everyone - and that's not much fun for anyone.
"Details" on why multiple scanners are bad: Do not create multiple buffered wrappers on an InputStream
- from user166390's answer on How to use multiple Scanner objects on System.in?