Mocking a method in a class dynamically - java

I am pretty new to Mockito and Spring.
I am trying to mock many methods of many classes. I want to create a functionality where bean name and method name can given as input as string, and it will throw same exception.
Example
I have a class A and Class B
#Named
public Class A {
public void methodInA() {
System.out.println("In A");
}
}
#Named
public Class B {
public void methodInB() {
System.out.println("In B");
}
}
Below is what I am trying to do in test.
TestConfig:
#SpyBean
A a;
Test::
String className = "A";
String methodName = "methodInA";
Object bean = applicationContext.getBean("a");
Class clazzToSpy = bean.getClass();
Class[] paramTypes = clazzToSpy.getMethod(methodName);
Answer answer = new Answer() {
#Override
public Object answer(final InvocationOnMock invocationOnMock) throws Throwable {
if(invocationOnMock.getMethod().getName().equals(methodName)) {
throw new UnknownError("Manual Exception Created");
}
return invocationOnMock.callRealMethod();
}
};
//Here I want to use the answer on the mock Something like below.
Method mockedMethod = clazzToSpy.getMethod(methodName, paramTypes);
Mockito.doAnswer(answer).when(mockedMethod)
I understand there is a gap in my understanding.
How do I achieve something like above?
Has someone tried doing similar thing?
Related threads which I have tried:
Mocking Reflection based calls
Mocking getClass method with PowerMockito
mockito : mock method call with parameters by reflection
Mockito: is it possible to combine mock with a method name to create a methodCall inside a when() call?
Using Mockito to mock methods by reflection

This seems not going to work since when you:
#Spy
Method methodSpy;
Mockito throws:
org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException: Unable to initialize #Spy annotated field 'methodSpy'.
Please ensure that the type 'Method' has a no-arg constructor.
and if you:
#Mock
Method methodMock;
it throws:
org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException:
Cannot mock/spy class java.lang.reflect.Method
Mockito cannot mock/spy because :
- final class
at:
MockitoAnnotations.initMocks( this );

Related

How to mock a global object in a class properly?

Let say I have a class like so
Class A{
private K Obj = (K)(AppContext.getSpringContext().getBean("obj"))
public void method1{
// uses Obj
}
public void method2{
// uses Obj
}
}
And I need to write junits for method1 and method2 by changing the behavior of Obj in method 1 and method 2. In my junit class I am setting the appcontext as so:
public class AccountInformationManagerTest {
private CCBSAppContext appContext;
#Mock
ApplicationContext springContext;
#Mock
Object obj;
#Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
appContext = new CCBSAppContext();
appContext.setApplicationContext(springContext);
Mockito.when(springContext.getBean("obj")).thenReturn(obj);
}
}
As you can see, I am setting globally the appcontext. I don't want mock the static calls as I am using jacoco and powermockito doesn't integrate very well with jacoco. The problem here is that appcontext is now a global object which is shared across all methods and I need to modify the behavior of obj as I test the two methods. This will create a concurrency issue. How can I resolve this?
TBH avoid (K)(AppContext.getSpringContext().getBean("obj")) directly inject dependency or autowire the dependency . Then in its easily testable and add obj to the class via SpringTestUtils or setters.
#Autowired
K obj;
Else you can mock springContext getBean method for every test
#Test
void fun {
Mockito.when(springContext.getBean(Mockito.eq("obj"))).thenReturn(obj);
// doSomething
}
#Test
void fun2 {
Mockito.when(springContext.getBean(Mockito.eq("obj"))).thenReturn(obj2);
// doSomething2
}
Use reflection to set the Obj. Then you can set Obj to be a mocked object.
Here is a SO answer describing how to do it.

How to mock An Interface Java PowerMockito

I m trying to mock an interface.
public interface FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager {
List<FlowCopyParams> findByAppli(String application, String sourcePattern)
throws FlowCopyParamsBusinessException;
}
In my code, when i call this method findByAppli, i would like to return a list of FlowCopyParams.
List<FlowCopyParams> lstFlowCopyParams = flowCopyParamsBusinessManager.findByAppli(
"TOTO","TATA);
Here my try in the class test:
#BeforeClass
public static void mockBeanIn() throws Exception {
List<FlowCopyParams> flowCopyParamsList = new ArrayList<>();
PowerMockito.spy(FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager.class);
PowerMockito.when(FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager.class, "findByAppli", Mockito.anyString(), Mockito.anyString()).thenReturn(flowCopyParamsList);
}
I have this error :
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: object is not an instance of declaring class
I don't know why because the method findByAppli must have two string parameters, and i put Mockito.anyString() and i still have IllegalArgumentException.
Any clue ?
Thxs.
You don't need to use PowerMockito, and as its an Interface, theres no need to spy() as you are not relying on any non mocked logic.
It can be done like this, in your test class define a class variable.
private FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager flowCopyParamsBusinessManagerMock;
In an #Before annotated method:
flowCopyParamsBusinessManagerMock = Mockito.mock(FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager.class);
List<FlowCopyParams> flowCopyParamsList = new ArrayList<>();
when(flowCopyParamsBusinessManagerMock
.findByAppli(Mockito.anyString(), Mockito.anyString()).thenReturn(flowCopyParamsList);
Then refer to flowCopyParamsBusinessManagerMock in your tests.
My test did not work because I was trying to spy the class and not on the instance of FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager.class .
First , we have to create the mock :
FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager mockFlowCopyParamsBusinessManager = PowerMockito.mock(FlowCopyParamsBusinessManager.class);
Then , spy the instance :
PowerMockito.spy(mockFlowCopyParamsBusinessManager);
PowerMockito.when(mockFlowCopyParamsBusinessManager, "findByAppli", Mockito.anyString(), Mockito.anyString()).thenReturn(flowCopyParamsList);
It works as well !
I did this put this #RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class) at the top of the class. then mock Object with PowerMockito.mock(MyMock.class); This way use can mock a interface or final class.

JMockit: Overriding #Mocked class

I have an internal StreamGobbler class that has 7 methods in it.
I'm looking for a quick way to mock all the methods by default, but override one method named getOutput() (e.g. Partial Mocking).
(full code not shown for clarity)
public class StreamGobbler extends Thread
{
public String getOutput()
public void run()
}
What I would like is to use something like the #Mocked annotation in combination with MockUp to partially mock the getOutput method, but retain all the "default" mocking code on all the other methods. In the docs on partial mocking, it makes the point that if you use MockUp, all non #Mock methods retain their normal functionality. Sometimes that is great, but that isn't what I want in this case.
This is similar to the question JMockit: #Mocke and MockUp combination in the same test, but I can't get away with just looking at method counts.
If I have a test setup like this:
#Test
public void execute(#Mocked StreamGobbler sg)
{
new MockUp<StreamGobbler>()
{
String type = null;
#Mock
void $init(String type)
{
this.type = type;
}
#Mock
String getOutput()
{
if ("OUTPUT".equals(type))
{
return "test output";
}
else
{
return "";
}
}
}
}
I get this error java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Class already mocked
If I try to add the #Override annotation in the MockUp, it doesn't help (and Eclipse complains about it)
What is the best way to handle this? Use a static class outside this test method?
Using JMockit 1.17, and TestNG
In summary, how do I get every method in StreamGobbler mocked (as with #Mocked), but partially override one method (without manually doing it myself inside the MockUp?)
Full example code which meets the given constraints:
public static class StreamGobbler extends Thread {
public StreamGobbler(String type) {}
public String getOutput() { return null; }
#Override public void run() {}
}
public static class TestedClass {
public String doSomething() throws InterruptedException {
StreamGobbler sg1 = new StreamGobbler("OUTPUT");
sg1.start();
StreamGobbler sg2 = new StreamGobbler("ERROR");
sg2.start();
sg1.join(5000);
sg2.join(5000);
String output1 = sg1.getOutput();
String output2 = sg2.getOutput();
return output1 + '|' + output2;
}
}
#Test
public void useStreamGobbler(#Mocked StreamGobbler sg) throws Exception {
new Expectations() {{
new StreamGobbler("OUTPUT").getOutput(); result = "test output";
new StreamGobbler("ERROR").getOutput(); result = "";
}};
String output = new TestedClass().doSomething();
assertEquals("test output|", output);
}
Firstly, since you are creating an anonymous subclass of the MockUp class, using the #Override annotation would certainly be inappropriate. Those methods that you are providing do not belong to the MockUp class, but the generic you are providing.
Later on during runtime, (through some impressive process (based on what I read here, I'm assuming AOP)) the instance you create in this class will then use your provided method signatures instead of its own.
After reading the API on the Mock class more thoroughly as well as getting some information from JMockit's Getting Started page, I think you're issue lies in a different area entirely. If you have other test methods, they will be interfering with this method.
The error you are getting is saying: "There is already an instance of MockUp declared for the type StreamGobbler, and by calling the Mocked annotation in this test method's parameters and attempting to declare another instance of MockUp with the same generic, you are violating a JMockit stipulation."
I would check to see if you are creating an actual MockUp of StreamGobbler outside of the test method and if so (1) if you want to use it, don't redeclare another instance of MockUp in the method but continue to use the Mocked annotation or (2) if you do not want to use it and you want to re-declare a new instance of MockUp wrapping StreamGobbler, do not use the Mocked annotation in the test method's parameters but keep the MockUp instantiation.

Nested mocking in Mockito

I have this Mockito code:
interface Dao {
public void doSomething();
}
class LegacyClass {
Dao dao;
public String legacyMethod() {
dao.doSomething();
return "Test";
}
}
public class MockitoTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Dao dao = mock(Dao.class);
LegacyClass legacyInst = new LegacyClass();
legacyInst.dao = dao;
LegacyClass legacy = spy(legacyInst);
when(legacy.legacyMethod()).thenReturn("Replacement");
}
}
The last when() throws the following exception:
Exception in thread "main" org.mockito.exceptions.base.MockitoException:
'doSomething' is a *void method* and it *cannot* be stubbed with a *return value*!
Voids are usually stubbed with Throwables:
doThrow(exception).when(mock).someVoidMethod();
If the method you are trying to stub is *overloaded* then make sure you are calling the right overloaded version.
at mypkg.MockitoTest.main(MockitoTest.java:28)
However, I am NOT mocking return value for Dao.doSomething, but for LegacyClass.legacyMethod().
Is this the expected behavior? Are there any Mockito docs stating you cannot nest mocks like this?
How can I walk this around?
Spies don't work this way. In your sample code, the real method legacy.legacyMethod() is actually called because it's a spy not a mock (which then calls dao.doSomething()), that's why you are getting this error.
If you want to make a partial mock, you have to write this as :
doReturn("Replacement").when(legacy).legacyMethod();
That way Mockito will know that you want to make a partial mock, so it won't call the real method.

JUnit mocking with Mockito, EasyMock, etc

I'm trying to mock a method of an object inside the class I'm testing.
For instance
class ClassToTest {
public doSomething () {
SomeObject a = new SomeObject ();
a.doSomethingElse ();
}
}
Is there a way to mock the methods of the variable "a"? I'd like doSomethingElse to do nothing during testing. I'm currently using Mockito but I'm open to any mocking framework.
Thanks
Yes, there is a way, as shown by the following JMockit test:
public void testDoSomething(final SomeObject mock)
{
new ClassToTest().doSomething();
new Verifications() {{ mock.doSomethingElse(); }};
}
No need to refactor code under test to use a wrapper, DI, etc; simply mock whatever you need to be mocked.
It's not possible to mock the reference "a" when it's declared as a local variable, as in your case. You could consider injecting the dependency to SomeObject, e.g. as a parameter of doSomething method. That way, you can inject a mock of SomeObject in your test instead.
One of the benefits of dependency injection is increased testability.
With some refactoring it is possible, of course:
class SomeObject {
public void doSomethingElse()
{
}
}
class ClassToTest
{
private final SomeObject someObject;
public void doSomething()
{
someObject.doSomethingElse();
}
public ClassToTest(SomeObject someObject)
{
this.someObject = someObject;
}
}
class Test {
#Test
public void testDoSomething()
{
SomeObject someObject = Mockito.mock(SomeObject.class);
new ClassToTest(someObject).doSomething();
Mockito.verify(someObject, Mockito.atLeastOnce()).doSomethingElse();
}
}
I believe you can use EasyMock Class Extensions for EasyMock 2.5 or earlier, and apparently it is included in 3.0. See this part of the previous page for information on what you are trying to do. That said, I haven't personally tried to do that, so I don't know how well it will work.
If you want a new instance in each call, I'd suggest refactoring in the following way:
class ClassToTest {
public doSomething () {
SomeObject a = getInstance();
a.doSomethingElse ();
}
protected SomeObject getInstance() {
return new SomeObject();
}
}
Then you can create a testclass extending ClassToTest, overriding the getInstance() method, with one supplying a mock object.
This is of course only viable if you are ok with exposing the getInstance() method, so I don't recommend it if the class is part of a public API. If this is the case, consider supplying a factory class using dependency injection.
class ClassToTest {
private SomethingElseInterface somethingElseDoer ;
public ClassToTest(SomethingElseInterface somethingElseDoer) {
this.somethingElseDoer = somethingElseDoer;
}
public doSomething () {
somethingElseDoer.doSomethingElse();
}
}
And where you use it:
SomethingElseInterface somethingElseDoer = ...; // in a test, this is where you mock it
ClassToTest foo = new ClassToTest(somethingElseDoer); // inject through constructor
foo.doSomething();

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