How to add 1 to each value in an array (in Java)? - java

Here's the prompt:
Loop through an integer array adding one to each element. Return the resulting array. The array may be of any length including 0.
Here's what I have so far:
public int[] add1toEach(int[] nums) {
int[] array = new int[nums.length];
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
nums[i]++;
}
return array;
}
It works with add1toEach[] and add1toEach[-1] but that's it. How do I get it to spit out [7, 7, 3] if add1toEach[6, 6, 2] is the input?

The fact is that you aren't assigning the new added result to the array, nor are you adding it properly.
The proper code is:
public static int[] add1toEach(int[] nums) {
int[] array = new int[nums.length];
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
array[i]=nums[i]+1;
}
return array;
}
What's happening here is that we add 1 to the item, then we assign the item to an identical array, but which the items are all empty. This happens to every single item of the array, as demonstrated in the statement in the for loop i < nums.length; i++.
This working example:
public class MyClass {
public static void main(String args[]) {
int[] nums = {1, 2, 3};
int[] newnums = add1toEach(nums);
for(int i = 0; i < newnums.length; i++){
System.out.println(newnums[i]);
}
}
public static int[] add1toEach(int[] nums) {
int[] array = new int[nums.length];
for (int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
array[i]=nums[i]+1;
}
return array;
}
}
Produces
2
3
4

What you're code doing is it only returns the untouched int[] array.
Since you have set the length of your array, you just need to set values to your array with position array[i] to make the values assigned and intact position.
array[i]=nums[i]++;

Related

Get unique elements from Java array - where's the mistake? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
Get all unique values in a JavaScript array (remove duplicates)
(91 answers)
Closed 12 months ago.
I'm just a beginner and I'm trying to write a method returning only unique elements from Java array. What's wrong with this code? Could you please point my mistakes and help me correct them? I've got no idea what to do with it.
P.S. I know I could use packages, but it has to be done in the simplest way.
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {1, 1, 2, 3};
int[] items = returnNonRepeated(arr);
System.out.print(items);
}
public static int[] returnNonRepeated(int[] arr) {
int[] temp = new int[0];
int n = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
temp[i] = arr[i];
} else {
if (arr[i] != arr[i - 1]) {
temp[numbersCount] = arr[i];
numbersCount++;
}
}
}
return temp;
}
}
I know it's not code golf here, but:
if you want to keep only unique values (like a Set would do), you can use a "one-liner". You don't have to implement loops.
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] dupes = {0, 1, 2, 1, 3, 2, 3};
int[] uniques = Arrays.stream(dupes) // stream ints
.boxed() // make Integer of int
.collect(Collectors.toSet()) // collect into set to remove duplicates
.stream() // stream Integers
.mapToInt(Integer::intValue) // make int of Integer
.toArray(); // and back into an array
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(uniques));
}
Please not that you have to use java.util.Arrays.toString() to get useful output in the last statement. With your variant it will print only something like "[I#531be3c5" which denotes that it is an array of int, but says nothing about the contents.
Nevertheless - if you want to understand, how arrays and loops work, the looping solution is better!
I'm not sure if you mean non-repeat or unique
But here is a method for checking for duplicates:
public static int[] returnUniqueArray(int[] arr) {
int dupes = new int[arr.length]; // The most dupes you could have is the length of the input
int numberOfDupes = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < arr.length; j++) {
if(arr[i] == arr[j]) {
dupes[numberOfDupes] = arr[i];
numberOfDupes++;
}
}
}
return dupes;
}
This loops round the arr array twice, therefore comparing every variable in arr to every other variable. If they are the same, it adds that value to a new array.
You could also do similar for non-repeat:
public static int[] returnNonRepeatArray(int[] arr) {
int dupes = new int[arr.length];
int numberOfDupes = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length - 1; i++) {
if(arr[i] == arr[i+1]) {
dupes[numberOfDupes] = arr[i];
numberOfDupes++;
}
}
return dupes;
}
This loops round the arr array once, but does not check the last item (-1 in the for loop). It then compares the item against the next item, if they are the same it adds that to the dupes.
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] arr = {1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6};
int[] items = returnNonRepeated(arr);
System.out.print(Arrays.toString(items));
}
public static int[] returnNonRepeated(int[] arr) {
int[] temp = new int[arr.length];
int numbersCount = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
uniques[numbersCount] = arr[i];
numbersCount++;
} else {
if (arr[i] != arr[i - 1]) {
uniques[numbersCount] = arr[i];
numbersCount++;
}
}
}
return uniques;
}

Expanding an array to represent an index as many times as the magnitude of original value

Example: expand(new int[]{3, 2, 5}) -> {0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2}
I am trying to have it make a a new array to print the index of say 3, 3 times. So 3 would be 0,0,0.
public static int[] expand(int[] input) {
int c = 0;
int[] myArray = new int[sum(input)];
if(input.length == 0){
return new int[0];
}
for(int i = 0; i < input.length; i++) {
int a = input[i];
for(int j = c; j < a; j++) {
c += j;
myArray[j] = i;
}
}
return myArray;
}
Currently this only partially works and I cant seem to figure out how to go through the full array properly. In addition, index zero seems to get skipped.
You were close! It seems that you just need to modify your nested for-loop slightly:
for (int j = 0; j < a; j++) {
myArray[c++] = i;
}
Seeing as you're using c to keep track of the current index, this simply sets the element at index c to i and increments c. You can also remove a and use input[i] in place of it.
Note: It is easier to start j from 0 rather than from c.
Functional method
public class Main {
public static void main(final String... args) {
int[] items = expand(new int[]{3, 2, 5});
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(items));
}
public static int[] expand(int[] input) {
return IntStream.range(0, input.length)
.flatMap(p -> IntStream.generate(() -> p).limit(input[p]))
.toArray();
}
}
This makes a stream of the index, and for each item takes that many of the index, putting all of them into an array

How to shift array elements after removing one?

I need to add a shift function only with loops (it means I can't use any ListArray method et simila, so this is not a copy of any other question with those methods.) to this method which removes a specific integer from a given array, and put the outcome into another array, and then returning it.
public static int[] removeInt(int v, int[] in) {
int length = 0;
length = in.length;
int[] toReturn = new int[length];
for (int b = 0; b < length; b++) {
toReturn[b] = 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (in[i] != v) {
toReturn[i] = in[i];
}
}
return toReturn;
}
If the input for the array is {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, and the number to remove is {2}, the output will be {1 0 3 4 5}, but it needs to be {1 3 4 5}, and I can't find a way to shift numbers to the left.
'v' comes from the main, user input. Same for 'in', fullfilled before by the user.
You will have to iterate over the array two times: The first time, you count how often v is contained in in. If count is 0, you can return in, otherwise you would have to create a new array of length in.length - count. Then again you have to iterate over in and add every value that is not v to your Array.
int count = 0;
for(int i: in) {
if (i==v) {
count++;
}
}
int[] result = new int[in.length-count];
int pos=0;
for(int i: in) {
if (i!=v) {
result[pos] = i;
pos++;
}
}
But you could use Collections to make it easier:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int v = 2;
int[] in = new int[]{1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
for(int i: in) {
if (i!=v) {
list.add(i);
}
}
Integer[] result = list.toArray(new Integer[]{});
}
The disadvantage of this, however, would be that you have an Array of Integer and not of int.
Have you considered using a LinkedList? This internally manages the array so you don't need to deal with moving the elements yourself; you can just call remove().

Method that creates new array only from the even numbers in Java

I am trying to create method that creates new array only from the even numbers from another array. However, I do not understand why I have the right length (only with the number of the even numbers) of my output array, but I have 0s instead of the actual numbers.
I know that the problem is simple, but right now I am stuck with it.
import java.util.*;
public class test{
public static int [] myMethod(int []arr){
int [] temp;
int howManyEven = 0;
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
if(arr[i]%2==0){
howManyEven++;
}
}
temp = new int [howManyEven];
int evenNum = 0;
for(int i=0;i<temp.length;i++){
boolean even = false;
for(int j=0;j<arr.length;j++){
if(arr[j]%2==0){
even = true;
evenNum = arr[j];
}
}
if(!even){
temp[i]=evenNum;
}
}
return temp;
}
public static void main (String[]args){
int [] myArray = {5,5,8,9,7,4,4,2,3};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myMethod(myArray)));
}
}
In the second part of your myMethod, where there is nested for loop, your outer loop should iterate over arr. It can be simplified to below
temp = new int [howManyEven];
int j = 0;
for(int i=0;i<arr.length;i++){
if(arr[i]%2 == 0) {
temp[j++] = arr[i];
}
}
Better you can use java collections and finish the work in single loop
public static Integer[] myMethod(int []arr){ //notice the return type is Integer[] instead of int[]
List<Integer> evens = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for(int a : arr) {
if(a%2 == 0) {
evens.add(a);
}
}
return evens.toArray(new Integer[evens.size()]);
}
Look again at this:
if(!even){
temp[i]=evenNum;
}
I think you will notice yourself what's wrong.
Instead of processing the information twice for even numbers, you can create a List of integers which are 'even' and return that, or convert into primitive int[] and return that.
public static int[] myMethod(int[] arr) {
List<Integer> even = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
if(arr[i]%2==0){
even.add(arr[i]);
}
}
int []result = new int[even.toArray().length];
Iterator it = even.iterator();
int count=0;
while(it.hasNext()){
result[count++]=(int)it.next();
}
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] myArray = {5, 5, 8, 9, 7, 4, 4, 2, 3};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(myMethod(myArray)));
}
output
run:
[8, 4, 4, 2]
BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 0 seconds)
The easiest way would be myMethod should create a temparory list which collects the even numbers from the input array and then convert it to an output array containing only the even elements which should be returned to the caller
Working Example
public static void main(String... str) {
// results array has only even numbers
Integer[] results = myMethod(new int[]{5, 5, 8, 9, 7, 4, 4, 2, 3});
for(int i=0;i<results.length;i++)
System.out.println(results[i]); // print each even number
}
static Integer[] myMethod(int[] inputArray) {
List<Integer> temp = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for (int i = 0; i < inputArray.length; i++) {
if (inputArray[i] % 2 == 0) {
temp.add(inputArray[i]);
}
}
return temp.toArray(new Integer[5]);
}
Hope this code clarifies you well.

Creating a New Reverse Java Array

CodingBat > Java > Array-1 > reverse3:
Given an array of ints length 3, return a new array with the elements in reverse order, so {1, 2, 3} becomes {3, 2, 1}.
public int[] reverse3(int[] nums) {
int[] values = new int[3];
for (int i = 0; i <= nums.length - 1; i++) {
for (int j = nums.length-1; j >= 0; j--) {
values[i] = nums[j];
}
}
return values;
}
I can't get this to work properly, usually the last int in the array, becomes every single int in the new array
You don't want a two-level loop. Just have one loop:
for(int i = 0, j = nums.length - 1; i < nums.length; i++,j--) {
values[i] = nums[j];
}
or, alternately, just don't track j sepearately, and do this:
for(int i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
values[i] = nums[nums.length - 1 - i];
}
Unless this is a homework, why not just use Apache ArrayUtils'
ArrayUtils.reverse(nums)
Never re-invent the wheel :)
The length of the input int[] is fixed at 3? Then it doesn't get any simpler than this.
public int[] reverse3(int[] nums) {
return new int[] { nums[2], nums[1], nums[0] };
}
See also:
CodingBat/Java/Array-1/reverse3
Note that Array-1 is "Basic array problems -- no loops." You can use a loop if you want, but it's designed NOT to be solved using loops.
Firstly, while creating new array give it size of old array.
Next, when you're reversing an array, you don't need two loops, just one:
int length = oldArray.length
for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
newArray[length-i-1] = oldArray[i]
}
You only want a single loop, but with indices going both ways:
public int[] reverse(int[] nums) {
int[] back = new int[nums.length];
int i,j;
for (i=0,j=nums.length-1 ; i<nums.length ; i++,j--)
back[i] = nums[j];
return back;
}
public int[] reverse3(int[] nums) {
int rotate[]={nums[2],nums[1],nums[0]};
return rotate;
}
This code gives correct output:-
public int[] reverse3(int[] nums) {
int[] myArray=new int[3];
myArray[0]=nums[2];
myArray[1]=nums[1];
myArray[2]=nums[0];
return myArray;
}
I got this with Python.. So you can get the idea behind it
def reverse3(nums):
num = []
for i in range(len(nums)):
num.append(nums[len(nums) - i - 1])
return num
In your code, for each value of i, you are setting target array elements at i to value in "nums" at j. That is how you end up with same value for all the elements at the end of all iterations.
First of all, very bad logic to have two loops for a simple swap algorithm such as :
public static void reverse(int[] b) {
int left = 0; // index of leftmost element
int right = b.length-1; // index of rightmost element
while (left < right) {
// exchange the left and right elements
int temp = b[left];
b[left] = b[right];
b[right] = temp;
// move the bounds toward the center
left++;
right--;
}
}//endmethod reverse
or simplified:
for (int left=0, int right=b.length-1; left<right; left++, right--) {
// exchange the first and last
int temp = b[left]; b[left] = b[right]; b[right] = temp;
}
Why go through all this pain, why dont you trust Java's built-in APIs and do something like
public static Object[] reverse(Object[] array)
{
List<Object> list = Arrays.asList(array);
Collections.reverse(list);
return list.toArray();
}
public int[] reverse3(int[] nums) {
int[] values = new int[nums.length];
for(int i=0; i<nums.length; i++) {
values[nums.length - (i + 1)]=nums[i];
}
return values;
}

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