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Spring dependency not found

I'm very new to Spring, and also Maven. I'm following along with the book Spring Start Here because it seems friendly. The very first project asks us to add a spring-context dependency to a new project (using maven). I'm using the Intellij Idea community version to follow along, as suggested in the book. But on following the instructions to add the dependency I get an error: Dependency 'org.springframework:spring-context:' not found
Here is my pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.myspring</groupId>
<artifactId>start</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
</project>
I think the idea is to add spring dependencies one by one in order to see their purpose. The autocompletion in idea shows an error for the lines
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
I have already tried updating the maven>repositories in the ide settings but still get the same error.
Also, I found the page https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context which seems to suggest I have used the correct groupId and artifactId names
Edit: I just removed the empty version tag in the dependency.

maven usually requires the version tag to specify the version
Most cases where no version is specified are when the project inherits pom files
For example
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
Unlike npm and pip, it does not automatically select the latest version

dependencies from pom.xml not being resolved

I'm trying to create a maven project in intellij, to create a parser in antlr. Here is my pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.mua</groupId>
<artifactId>json-parser-java-antlr</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Json parser Java ANTLR</name>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<description>Trying to create a parser using ANTLR in Java, as facing problems with LLVM</description>
<properties>
<java.version>11</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.antlr</groupId>
<artifactId>antlr4-runtime</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.directory.studio</groupId>
<artifactId>org.apache.commons.io</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
When I click on import changes, it loads for just 1-2 seconds then done. But if I try to import MapUtils from org.apache.commons.collections4.MapUtils it says it can't resolve common, although I added in <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> dependency.
I'm new in maven project creation and management.
So, what is the problem here and how can I resolve this problem ?
I studied some pom.xml and found a parent attribute. No idea how to configure that.

My Eclipse editor shows:
Project build error: 'dependencies.dependency.version' for org.antlr:antlr4-runtime:jar is missing.
Project build error: 'dependencies.dependency.version' for org.apache.commons:commons-collections4:jar is missing.
Project build error: 'dependencies.dependency.version' for org.apache.directory.studio:org.apache.commons.io:jar is missing.
None of the dependencies work, because it doesn't know which version of them you want.
Specifying dependencies without a version is something you do when you have a parent pom. You don't, so versions are mandatory.

You could try adding a specific version of antlr to your pom.xml. And if you are using the antlr plugin as well, make sure the version of antlr run-time you are using is the same as the built-in version of the plugin.

maven dependency plugin ignores dependency versions? [duplicate]

This question already has an answer here:
Maven - transitive dependencies with different versions
(1 answer)
Closed 6 years ago.
in my opinion the maven dependency plugin is misbehaving when calculating the dependency list.
Assume these 3 projects:
base1:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>base1</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.3</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
base2:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>base2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
combined:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>combined</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>base1</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>base2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Both, base1 and base2 depend on commons-lang, but each on a different version!
combined depends on both, base1 and base2.
When calling mvn dependency:list on combined, I would expect to see base1, base2 and commons-lang in versions 2.3 and 2.6, since both are used.
However the actual output is:
[INFO] The following files have been resolved:
[INFO] commons-lang:commons-lang:jar:2.3:compile
[INFO] mygroup:base1:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
[INFO] mygroup:base2:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT:compile
It is not even using the common-lang with the highest version number, but just the one it finds first.
How can I avoid this? I need all dependencies.

According to this official documentation (with the relevant part highlighted in bold):
Dependency mediation - this determines what version of a dependency will be used when multiple versions of an artifact are encountered. Currently, Maven 2.0 only supports using the "nearest definition" which means that it will use the version of the closest dependency to your project in the tree of dependencies. You can always guarantee a version by declaring it explicitly in your project's POM. Note that if two dependency versions are at the same depth in the dependency tree, until Maven 2.0.8 it was not defined which one would win, but since Maven 2.0.9 it's the order in the declaration that counts: the first declaration wins.
Therefore, Maven picks version 2.3 because it is encountered first in the dependency resolution process. Note that if you run mvn dependency:tree on the combined module, it will show which version was used and which one was omitted.
The best solution is to explicitly pick the version you want in the combined artifact, by declaring the dependency in its POM so that Maven favors it over other versions:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>combined</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>base1</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mygroup</groupId>
<artifactId>base2</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>
<dependency> <!-- This will override the versions in base1 and base2 -->
<groupId>commons-lang</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Note that Maven cannot pick two versions because in this case there would be two definitions for the same classes on your project's classpath, which can lead to unexpected issues at runtime.

Maven scans the pom from top to bottom and uses the first version it encounters.
Assuming you really need both version of commons-lang, you could put those two versions in your project and use maven to package them in your jar.
Yet, how could the compiler know if a call to StringUtils.isEmpty() calls the version 2.3 or 2.6 ?
Same discussion here.

Maven always resolves conflicts using "nearest wins" strategy. You can run the following command to see why a particular version is used:
mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose -Dincludes=commons-lang
See following for more info:
https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/examples/resolving-conflicts-using-the-dependency-tree.html

SWT dependency artifact missing?

I want to use swt in my project and used this page as a starting point:
https://code.google.com/p/swt-repo/
I added the repository and dependency but my pom.xml has an error saying:
Missing artifact org.eclipse.swt:org.eclipse.swt.win32.win32.x86:jar:4.4
What could be the problem?
My whole pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>group</groupId>
<artifactId>artifact</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<name>artifact</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- SWT -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.swt</groupId>
<artifactId>org.eclipse.swt.win32.win32.x86</artifactId>
<version>4.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>swt-repo</id>
<url>https://swt-repo.googlecode.com/svn/repo/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
</project>

The problem is that there is no official maven repository that hosts the SWT library files. There were a few sites that worked in the past, but almost all are now abandoned, closed or moved. On https://github.com/maven-eclipse/maven-eclipse.github.io they explain the problem, but the solution described there (to use http://maven-eclipse.github.io/maven) doesn't work because that link will redirect you to the git repository.
The link you posted seems to be the only maven repo that is currently left. I had problems with Maven accessing it properly just like you. I'm not entirely sure what the problem is. I suspect it has something to do with missing or invalid indexes, but I'm not sure. In any case the best solution is to download the required jars and add them to your local repository manually. This is probably a good idea anyway, because Google Code will shutdown in January 2016
BTW, there is an open bug for SWT to be distributed via Maven, but it's been posted in 2007! and there still is no official solution.

The following artifacts could not be resolved: org.apache.hbase:hbase:jar:0.96.1.1-hadoop2

I try to take the following steps:
right click on pom.xml and run as maven install in eclipse but I got this error:
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal on project tt: Could not resolve dependencies for project com.sunshineatnoon:tt:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT: The following artifacts could not be resolved: org.apache.hbase:hbase:jar:0.96.1.1-hadoop2, com.yahoo.ycsb:core:jar:0.1.4: Failure to find org.apache.hbase:hbase:jar:0.96.1.1-hadoop2 in http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2 was cached in the local repository, resolution will not be reattempted until the update interval of central has elapsed or updates are forced -> [Help 1]
however, when I looked into http://repo.maven.apache.org/maven2, there indeed exists this org.apache.hbase:hbase:jar:0.96.1.1-hadoop2.
My pom.xml is as follows:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.sunshineatnoon</groupId>
<artifactId>tt</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
<artifactId>hbase</artifactId>
<version>0.96.1.1-hadoop2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
<artifactId>hadoop-client</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.yahoo.ycsb</groupId>
<artifactId>core</artifactId>
<version>0.1.4</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
How can I solve this problem?Any help will be appreciated, thanks in advance!

Maven pulls all the dependencies to your local machine. The default path would be ${USER_HOME}/.m2/repository. Here you should see whether the following dependencies really exist. Also are you using multiple repositories? Maven will place files under folders where it thinks there's a conflict "_maven.repositories" I normally delete these as it creates the above error as well.
org.apache.hbase:hbase:jar:0.96.1.1-hadoop2
${USER_HOME}/.m2/repository/org/apache/hbase/hbase/0.96.1.1-hadoop2
com.yahoo.ycsb:core:jar:0.1.4
${USER_HOME}/.m2/repository/com/yahoo/ycsb/core/0.1.4

The artifact hbase-0.96.1.1-hadoop2 does not exist. The hbase module was divided into multiple children as of version 0.96.
hbase => hbase-client, hbase-protocol, hbase-server, hbase-examples ..
You will need to reference hbase-(client|protocol|server|examples|etc)-0.96.1.1-hadoop2