What is the .lclass extension - java

I was decompiling a jar file to see if i could look at the source code, however, I saw that instead of .class files in the .jar file, there were .lclass files. I did some googling and came up with nothing, the only slight thing I could gather is that it means "local class" but I dont think that is the case as ALL of the classes in the jar file are .lclass. This was meant for Java 8.

Rename it to .class file :D (.lclass -> .class) and then decompile!

Related

Why does VSCode keep opening *.class files as opposed to .java files?

(I couldn't figure out how to upload my screen capture to stackoverflow. So this is a streamable link: https://streamable.com/0im8tx)
In this video, VSCode opens QueriesController.class as opposed to QueriesController.java when I cmd click into QueriesController.
I have compiled provided the definitions of the jar file in my workspace:
"settings": {
"java.project.referencedLibraries": {
"include": [
"<path-to-jar-that-contains-QueriesController.jar>",
....
"sources": {
"<path-to-jar-that-contains-QueriesController.jar>": "/my/local/java/definition/src/folder",
Does anyone know why VSCode is choosing to open the definition as a .class file rather than a .java file?
I use commands to generate a simple jar package and use it in another project. It's true that when we click the class name, .class file is opened instead of .java file:
About how to generate a executable jar package, you can have a look at this reply:
Compile .java file and generate .class;
Generate manifest and pack them into jar
In general, a JAR (Java ARchive) is a package file format typically used to aggregate many Java class files and associated metadata and resources (text, images, etc.) into one file for distribution.
.java file isn't included in jar packages, and that's why you get .class file opened instead of .java file.
I am not familiar with VSCode but your problem is common across most IDEs.
Usually when a jar is made, it consists of compiled class files rather than original source codes. The reason for this is to run code as efficient and fast as possible and usually people don't want source code in jar because when running they also have to be recompiled again which is a waste of time.
Take a look at this picture. I have just downloaded a jar file from mavenrepository and it downloads the compiled version of jar. The extension is .class
What the IDE does is it tries to decompile the code with a decompiler (In this case as you can see FernFlower decompiler).
However it lacks formatting and in-code documentation the source code (.java) has. Which is why most IDEs offer to download sources. Intellij shows this right on top. Other IDEs may have this setting buried in deep. (You may have to check for yourself)
When you download sources, IDE try to contact the server and download original source code. Probably that would look something like this:
If you look closely you can see name has changed to .java which represents the source code.
VS Code has option under Java Settings, Java Download sources and Maven download sources.
It is not enabled by default. Upon enabling it, VS Code shows the proper source file, although the name appears to be .Class files.(Upon Ctrl + Clicking the symbol, with method implementations, comments, etc.,JavaDoc Comments)
If proper sources are not found in m2 repository, it shows the decompiled class file with stubbed methods. A comment similar to this is shown at the beginning of the file.
// Failed to get sources. Instead, stub sources have been generated by the disassembler.
// Implementation of methods is unavailable.
In Either of the cases, VS Code shows the maven library files as .Class files in read-only mode. Also, source files are not displayed on the Java Project Explorer.(Although even if it exists in the local .m2 repos).
Hope that helps! Happy Coding!

Usage of jar with .java files and odd behavior of the compiler

I was curious about the differences between .jar with .class files and .jar with .java files. I partially got the answer here, But then what is the usefulness of .java files in the jar?
My guess is that the java files in the jar are like an interface that prevents compilation error, because I solved the IllegalAccessError thrown on runtime by replacing jar files with .class with jar files with .java specifically when using Xposed Framework. (Got the hint from this thread.)
Also
Thank you for your explanations and they were helpful. But I want to learn more about the differences in compiler's view, because I am wondering why my app works fine even if I only included the jar with java files, not class files (zxing). Also there are some cases that throws IllegalAccessException when I include the jar with class files, but not thrown when I include the jar with java files(xposed), even though I have to include at least one of them to make the compiler(AIDE) not complain about references, like unknown package. Why does the compiler not complain when I include only jar with java files though the compiler would not be able to resolve the actual implementation of the referred classes?
A .jar file is basically just a .zip file with another extension.
A .jar file with .class files have a special purpose and may have special meta-data (e.g. in META-INF folder).
A .jar file .java files is just a .zip file.
It is however common for open-source libraries to provide 3 .jar files:
One with .class files, to be used by your code, both to compile and to run your code.
One with .java files, to be used by your IDE, so you can drill into the library code and see it. Especially useful when stepping through the code with a debugger.
One with javadoc files (.html files), to be used by your IDE, so you can read the documentation about the classes and methods in the library. You do read the documentation, right?
None of those 3 files have to be named .jar. They could be renamed .zip so you could easily open them in your favorite Zip utility, or they could be renamed .foo just because...
They should be named .jar, to clarify that they are Java ARchives.
Its simple - *.java files are sources, *.class files are compiled classes.
What is used on runtime by JVM?? *.class files. Why would you put source files inside library? IDK, usally sources are distributed as separate jar, but all in all it is done to allow you to check library code without decompilation.

How to convert multiple class files to one jar file?

I have decompiled a jar file,
and made two classes from it. After that, I tried to make a new jar file with these two class files, using this code
jar cvf AB.jar WinRegistry.class StartPageChangeApplet.class
The file created without any errors. However, when I look at the source code on Java Decompiler, it says "Internel Error", means that I couldn't make the jar file properly.
Where am I doing doing wrong ?
Please define "made two classes from it". Which java compiler (e.g. javac.exe) are you using? Did you just copy the source to a .class file without compiling maybe?
The java decompiler JAD actually displays source code, not class bytecode. Don't get confused by the title of the editor which is saying WinRegistry.class.
So you can't just save that as a .class. You need to save it as a .java and then compile it to .class using a java compiler:
javac WinRegistry.java StartPageChangeApplet.java
jar cf AB.jar WinRegistry.class StartPageChangeApplet.class
From Eclipse, you can do this way..

A little confusion about .jar files

In computer science I have learned that .jar files are basically a compressed set of .java files that have been compiled. So, when you have a project, instead of those 20 .java files you can have a pile of compressed classes (a .jar). Last year in CSI we worked with a .jar file called DanceStudio, which we had to use to make feet walk across the floor. This year, we are working with a different program to better understand java, so i unzipped the .jar file contained 26 classes, which I then decompiled. I wanted to try to create a program by compiling all of the .java files with the others necessary to make the program run (Walker, Foot, ETC.) When I try to compile all of these files, it will say that I have duplicate files (Walker, Foot, ETC.) What I don't understand is why this would compile if the .jar file was basically the same thing, just in a compressed form. What also confuses me is that the Foot, ETC files in the .jar are actually more complicated and have more code.
Could someone please explain how the .jar file actually works and separates these files apart, and how it could run with a duplicate class that isn't in the .jar file?
First of all, you're missing one step in your explanation of a .jar file.
A .jar file is a collection of .class files. And .class files are what is produced by compiling a .java file.
Usually a single .java file will produce a single .class file, because it will contain a single type definition. But there are several ways for a .java file to produce more than one .class files (inner/nested classes, anonymous classes, top-level non-public classes, ...), so it's not necessarily a 1-to-1 association between .java files and .class files.
Then there's the confusion why the decompiled Java source code looks more complicated than the original Java source. This one is easy to answer: the compilation step was not designed to be reversable.
When the Java compiler turns .java files to .class files it produces a format that is best suited for being executed. That format will not represent the exact same concepts that the Java source file does. For example: there's no classical "if" in the Java bytecode. It will be implemented be appropriate jump commands.
All of this means that the process of converting .class files back to .java files is complicated and usually non-perfect.
You generally compile your (clear text) .java source files into (binary) .class files.
If you use packages, then the class files will be in different subdirectories (representing the package).
A .jar file is a compressed binary file that puts all the .classes in the right directories in one compact, easy to manage file.
.jar file can also contain other files, such as manifests, bitmaps and resources.
.jar files can also be "signed" to insure the integrity/authenticity of their contents.
Here are some good links:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JAR_%28file_format%29
http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/
'Hope that helps
About your duplicate: Maybe your .jar is still in your build path, so when you try to compile your project with the decompiled class, you will have duplicate. check and remove the .jar if its still in your build path.

editing attached source file in java

I am using eclipse IDE and want to edit the attached source file of the jar file. For doing this i downloaded the src.zip and attached the file, but it is opening as a .class though I am able to read the file (which is a .class file) but i also want to edit the file.
Why I am not allowed to edit it? how to open an attached file with .java extension not .class extension.
thanks in advance
That's not possible. In order to edit the source, you have to unpack the JAR and create an eclipse project, from which you can then create a JAR with the modified code.
Because you have to link it... Source files are not tied to compiled classes in jar, so if you edit it, nothing will happen to the jar file
You have to create a separate project in Eclipse, and rebuild the jar with your modifications
.class files are not readable by human being unless you decompile it. Many decompilers exist. Carefull about what you are allowed to do and what you aren't, though...
Usually, .java aren't in .jar.

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