I have to create a rounded button with a precise color.
I did a lot of research in order to make it and I'm almost there!
I choose to use a rounded border because doing otherwise seem impossible to me :/ (I'm new to Java).
So I just need to find a way to set the background of the content of the button (the text) the right color and I'm done. (I currently have just the border and disabled the background in order to see the rounded part so the background of the text is empty...)
Result :
Expected result :
I've already tried theses :
Complex solution I didn't understand and that doesn't seem to work
I also tried solutions with Java Theme
package components;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Component;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import utils.BrandColors;
public class Button extends JButton {
private int xPadding = 10;
public Button(String text) {
super(text);
this.init();
}
private void init() {
this.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 16));
this.setForeground(BrandColors.TEXT_ON_SECOUNDARY);
this.setBorder(BorderFactory.createCompoundBorder(
BorderFactory.createLineBorder(BrandColors.SECOUNDARY, 15, true),
BorderFactory.createMatteBorder(0, this.xPadding, 0, this.xPadding, BrandColors.SECOUNDARY)
));
// this.setBackground(BrandColors.SECOUNDARY);
this.setOpaque(false);
}
}
Thanks in advance for your responses :)
Border don't fill. So once you make your component transparent (setOpaque(false)) you'll lose the background color, but you'd have weird issue with the border drawing inside the painted background area of the component anyway.
There's no simple way to do this and in fact (for Swing) a "generally" better solution would be to do this at the look and feel level (where you'd gain ultimate control and could change ALL the buttons in the UI without ever changing the code they use 😈, for example, example, example)
But I don't have the time to muck about with all that, so, instead, I'll go straight for the "custom painted, custom component" route instead.
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test();
}
public Test() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
public TestPane() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(32, 32, 32, 32));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
add(new Button("This is a test"));
}
}
public class BrandColors {
public static final Color TEXT_ON_SECOUNDARY = Color.WHITE;
public static final Color SECOUNDARY = Color.RED;
}
public class Button extends JButton {
private int xPadding = 10;
public Button(String text) {
super(text);
this.init();
}
private void init() {
this.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.PLAIN, 16));
this.setForeground(BrandColors.TEXT_ON_SECOUNDARY);
this.setContentAreaFilled(false);
this.setBorderPainted(false);
this.setBackground(BrandColors.SECOUNDARY);
this.setOpaque(false);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON
);
g2d.setRenderingHints(hints);
g2d.setColor(getBackground());
g2d.fill(new RoundRectangle2D.Double(0, 0, getWidth() - 1, getHeight() - 1, 15, 15));
g2d.setColor(getForeground());
super.paintComponent(g2d);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
Now, the trick here is in knowing that paintComponent will also render the text, so we need to paint the background BEFORE we call super.paintComponent
UI delegate example...
Now, one of the features of Swing is it's "pluggable look and feel". This allows you to modify the "look and feel" of components without having to modify the rest of the code.
The following example shows a way to set a UI delegate for a specific instance of JButton
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import javax.swing.AbstractButton;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonUI;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test();
}
public Test() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
public TestPane() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(32, 32, 32, 32));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
gbc.insets = new Insets(4, 4, 4, 4);
JButton button = new JButton("This is a normal button");
add(button, gbc);
JButton superButton = new JButton("This is a super button");
superButton.setUI(new RoundedButtonUI());
add(superButton, gbc);
}
}
public class BrandColors {
public static final Color TEXT_ON_SECOUNDARY = Color.WHITE;
public static final Color SECOUNDARY = Color.RED;
}
public class RoundedButtonUI extends BasicButtonUI {
#Override
protected void installDefaults(AbstractButton b) {
super.installDefaults(b);
b.setOpaque(false);
b.setBackground(BrandColors.SECOUNDARY);
b.setForeground(BrandColors.TEXT_ON_SECOUNDARY);
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(
RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON
);
g2d.setRenderingHints(hints);
g2d.setColor(c.getBackground());
g2d.fill(new RoundRectangle2D.Double(0, 0, c.getWidth() - 1, c.getHeight() - 1, 15, 15));
g2d.setColor(c.getForeground());
super.paint(g, c);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
Effect ALL buttons in the UI
If you want to change ALL the buttons in the UI, without having to change any of the related code, you can set the UI delegate as the default UI delegate to be used by all buttons
To do this, I had to make a couple of additional changes. First, the delegate class needs to be in it's own file (please take note of the package name) and I had to implement the static method createUI
package stackoverflow;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import javax.swing.AbstractButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.plaf.ComponentUI;
import javax.swing.plaf.basic.BasicButtonUI;
public class RoundedButtonUI extends BasicButtonUI {
private static RoundedButtonUI shared;
public static ComponentUI createUI(JComponent c) {
if (shared != null) {
return shared;
}
shared = new RoundedButtonUI();
return shared;
}
#Override
protected void installDefaults(AbstractButton b) {
super.installDefaults(b);
b.setOpaque(false);
b.setBackground(BrandColors.SECOUNDARY);
b.setForeground(BrandColors.TEXT_ON_SECOUNDARY);
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
RenderingHints hints = new RenderingHints(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
g2d.setRenderingHints(hints);
g2d.setColor(c.getBackground());
g2d.fill(new RoundRectangle2D.Double(0, 0, c.getWidth() - 1, c.getHeight() - 1, 15, 15));
g2d.setColor(c.getForeground());
super.paint(g, c);
g2d.dispose();
}
}
Now, before you do anything else, I need to install it, UIManager.getDefaults().put(new JButton().getUIClassID(), "stackoverflow.RoundedButtonUI");. This should be done before you call any other UI related code (and after you've set the look and feel, if you're doing that)
And then I can just run the code as normal
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.Insets;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test();
}
public Test() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
UIManager.getDefaults().put(new JButton().getUIClassID(), "stackoverflow.RoundedButtonUI");
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
public TestPane() {
setBorder(new EmptyBorder(32, 32, 32, 32));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
gbc.insets = new Insets(4, 4, 4, 4);
JButton button = new JButton("This is a normal button");
add(button, gbc);
JButton superButton = new JButton("This is a super button");
add(superButton, gbc);
}
}
}
PLEASE NOTE
In order to install a new UI delegate this way, you MUST supply the fully qualified class name, that is, the full package path AND the class name.
In my examples above, I'm using stackoverflow as my package name (I'm lazy), so the installation looks like UIManager.getDefaults().put(new JButton().getUIClassID(), "stackoverflow.RoundedButtonUI");
Related
I want to create brightness functionality in Swing. JPanel and its component's brightness level will be adjust in this functionality.
To achieve this I used JLayeredPane and added JPanel as BrightNessPanel on the top of my JPanel called MainPanel. I am giving brightness effect by changing the opacity of BrightNessPanel. This will simulate Brightness effect for my MainPanel.
Now problem is that, I am not able to click the buttons present on MainPanel because of layer of BrightNessPanel.
How do I pass through clicks from BrightNessPanel to the buttons present on MainPanel??
You might be able to make use the JLayer API which allows you to perform painting operations ontop of other components.
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLayer;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JSlider;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
import javax.swing.plaf.LayerUI;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test();
}
public Test() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
TestPane testPane = new TestPane();
BrightnessLayerUI layerUI = new BrightnessLayerUI();
JLayer<JComponent> layer = new JLayer<>(testPane, layerUI);
JSlider slider = new JSlider(0, 100);
slider.addChangeListener(new ChangeListener() {
#Override
public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
int value = slider.getValue();
float brightness = (100 - value) / 100f;
layerUI.setBrightness(brightness);
testPane.repaint();
}
});
slider.setValue(100);
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(layer);
frame.add(slider, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
public TestPane() {
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridwidth = GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER;
add(new JTextField(10), gbc);
add(new JButton("Hello"), gbc);
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(200, 200);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
g2d.dispose();
}
}
public class BrightnessLayerUI extends LayerUI<JComponent> {
private float brightness = 0f;
public void setBrightness(float brightness) {
this.brightness = brightness;
}
public float getBrightness() {
return brightness;
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g, JComponent c) {
super.paint(g, c);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
g2d.setColor(c.getBackground());
g2d.setComposite(AlphaComposite.SrcOver.derive(getBrightness()));
g2d.fillRect(0, 0, c.getWidth(), c.getHeight());
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}
One of the advantages of this is you could actually introduce a "brightness" algorithm, rather than faking it, by using a backing buffer, which is demonstrated the link above (this use to to blur the UI)
So I am working on a project here that requires a custom JLayeredPane - like class.
It has two members 'ground' and 'foreground' that are JPanel and an background (Image) member.
The way it was supposed to show was that the background Image should have been drawn and then all the components of the ground on top of it and then foreground's components at the apex. So foreground covers up ground which covers up background. Background should be shown only at places that do not have a Component in ground and foreground or where there is transparency in the JPanels.
It's paint function goes like this:
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g){
g.drawImage(background, 0, 0, null);
ground.paint(g.create());
foreground.paint(g.create());
g.dispose();
}
But nothing like that happens. Just the background image gets painted and nothing else shows.
I have used System.out.println() function to check that ground and foreground actually hold components and they do. But they just don't show.
Can anyone help me here?
The most significant issue is you're not calling super.paint, which is preventing what ever was previously painted to the Graphics context from been cleared or any child components from been painted.
For painting the background, you should be using paintComponent, which is used to paint the background of the component.
If you need to paint under the child components, but above the background, you should still use paintComponent, but paint the background first and then the next layer. The components will be painted after paintComponent.
Painting over components is actually more complex
Take a closer look at Custom Painting and Painting in Swing and AWT
Updated based on code snippets
In Screen which extends from Container, you are doing...
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
GraphicsUtilities.drawPictureTiled(background, g);
paintComponents(g);
g.dispose();
}
Don't call paintComponents, super.paint has already done this.
Don't call dispose on a Graphics context you don't create
Based on the rest of the example code I have, you should be extending from JPanel and overriding paintComponent instead. This will allow you to put under the component layer
Because GroundPanel and ForeGroundPanel are both JPanels, there's no need to ever paint them yourself. In fact, you could simply use OverlayLayout or even a GridBagLayout and add them directly to the NestedScreen which is itself a container...
So, I stripped down you example code so I could get it working with the missing code as an example. I got a little more fancy and simply made a JPanel to act as the pause screen
This is all done by simply overlaying the components on top of each other using a GridBagLayout
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GridBagConstraints;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class Test1001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test1001();
}
public Test1001() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
}
try {
NestedScreen screen = new NestedScreen();
screen.setBackgroundLayer(ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/Sky.png")));
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(screen);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
} catch (IOException exp) {
exp.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
}
public interface GraphicsEngineComponents {
}
public class NestedScreen extends Screen implements GraphicsEngineComponents {
GroundPanel ground;
ForeGroundPanel foreground;
private PausePane pausePane;
public NestedScreen() {
ground = new GroundPanel();
foreground = new ForeGroundPanel();
pausePane = new PausePane();
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints();
gbc.gridx = 0;
gbc.gridy = 0;
gbc.weightx = 1;
gbc.weighty = 1;
gbc.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH;
add(pausePane, gbc);
add(foreground, gbc);
add(ground, gbc);
MouseAdapter handler = new MouseAdapter() {
#Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
pausePane.setVisible(!pausePane.isVisible());
}
};
addMouseListener(handler);
foreground.addMouseListener(handler);
ground.addMouseListener(handler);
}
public GroundPanel getGroundLayer() {
return ground;
}
public ForeGroundPanel getForegroundLayer() {
return foreground;
}
public void setBackgroundLayer(BufferedImage background) {
super.setBackgroundLayer(background);
}
public class GroundPanel extends JPanel {
public GroundPanel() {
setOpaque(false);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
g.fillRect(0, getHeight() - 200, getWidth(), 200);
}
}
public class PausePane extends JPanel {
private JLabel label;
public PausePane() {
setVisible(false);
setOpaque(false);
setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 128));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
label = new JLabel("Paused");
label.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
label.setVerticalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
Font font = label.getFont();
font = font.deriveFont(Font.BOLD, 48f);
label.setFont(font);
label.setForeground(Color.WHITE);
add(label);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(getBackground());
g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
}
}
public class ForeGroundPanel extends JPanel {
private BufferedImage pony;
public ForeGroundPanel() {
setOpaque(false);
try {
pony = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/Pony.png"));
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (pony != null) {
int x = (getWidth() - pony.getWidth()) / 2;
int y = getHeight() - 200 - (pony.getHeight() / 2);
g.drawImage(pony, x, y, this);
}
}
}
}
public class Screen extends JPanel implements GraphicsEngineComponents {
private BufferedImage background;
public Screen() {
}
#Override
public String toString() {
return "Screen{" + "background=" + background + '}';
}
public BufferedImage getBackgroundPicture() {
return background;
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return background == null ? super.getPreferredSize() : new Dimension(background.getWidth(), background.getHeight());
}
protected void setBackgroundLayer(BufferedImage background) {
if (background != null && background.getHeight() != 0 && background.getWidth() != 0) {
this.background = background;
}
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
if (background != null) {
g.drawImage(background, 0, 0, this);
}
}
}
}
Take a look at Painting in AWT and Swing and Performing Custom Painting to understand how painting works in Swing.
A basic idea would be to avoid using all these compound or nested components and instead, create an engine that can paint the layers directly onto a Graphics context, maybe even painting to a BufferedImage which you can the paint onto a single component...
There are a few ways you go about doing this. I'll just introduce one way.
Create a background panel where you paint the background image (in the example below, it is BackgroundPanel with the image only being the forresty background). Set that panel as the content pane to the frame.
Create another ground panel where you can also paint something (in the example below if it the GroundPanel with only the image of bugs bunny painted.
Create your foreground panel and add it to the ground panel. You can add your foreground components to it. (in the example below the foreground image is the grassy hill, and I also add a button to it
All the panels' opaque property should be set to false, as to allow the panel behind it to be shown under any transparency.
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.InputMap;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.KeyStroke;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
public class ThreeTier {
public static final int DIM_WIDTH = 600;
public static final int DIM_HEIGHT = 400;
private BufferedImage backgroundImage;
private BufferedImage groundImage;
private BufferedImage foregroundImage;
public ThreeTier() {
initImages();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setContentPane(new BackgroundPanel());
frame.add(new GroundPanel());
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
private void initImages() {
try {
backgroundImage = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/background.png"));
foregroundImage = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/foreground.png"));
groundImage = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/bugsBunny.png"));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(ThreeTier.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
class BackgroundPanel extends JPanel {
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(backgroundImage, 0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT, this);
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(ThreeTier.DIM_WIDTH, ThreeTier.DIM_HEIGHT);
}
}
class GroundPanel extends JPanel {
private static final String RIGHT_ACTION = "rightAction";
private int imageX = 50;
private int imageY = 140;
public GroundPanel() {
setOpaque(false);
add(new ForegroundPanel());
InputMap im = getInputMap(JComponent.WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW);
im.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("RIGHT"), RIGHT_ACTION);
getActionMap().put(RIGHT_ACTION, new AbstractAction() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (imageX >= DIM_WIDTH) {
imageX = 0 - groundImage.getWidth();
repaint();
} else {
imageX += 10;
repaint();
}
}
});
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(groundImage, imageX, imageY, groundImage.getWidth(), groundImage.getHeight(), this);
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(ThreeTier.DIM_WIDTH, ThreeTier.DIM_HEIGHT);
}
}
class ForegroundPanel extends JPanel {
public ForegroundPanel() {
setOpaque(false);
setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.TRAILING, 10, 0));
JButton button = new JButton("I'm in the Foreground!");
add(button);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(foregroundImage, 0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT, this);
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(ThreeTier.DIM_WIDTH, ThreeTier.DIM_HEIGHT);
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new ThreeTier();
}
});
}
}
UPDATE
Of course you could always just use the JLayeredPane. That's what it's for. See this example
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JLayeredPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.border.LineBorder;
public class LayeredPaneDemo {
public static final int DIM_WIDTH = 600;
public static final int DIM_HEIGHT = 400;
public LayeredPaneDemo() {
ContainerPanel container = new ContainerPanel();
JLabel title = new JLabel("Lame Google Map");
title.setFont(new Font("verdana", Font.BOLD, 36));
title.setHorizontalAlignment(JLabel.CENTER);
JPanel panel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
panel.add(container);
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.add(panel);
frame.add(title, BorderLayout.NORTH);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new LayeredPaneDemo();
}
});
}
public class ContainerPanel extends JPanel {
public ContainerPanel() {
JLayeredPane layeredPane = new JLayeredPane();
layeredPane.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT));
BackgroundPanel bg = new BackgroundPanel();
GroundPanel gg = new GroundPanel();
ForegroundPanel fg = new ForegroundPanel();
bg.setBounds(0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT);
layeredPane.add(bg, new Integer(1));
gg.setBounds(0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT);
layeredPane.add(gg, new Integer(2));
fg.setBounds(0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT);
layeredPane.add(fg, new Integer(3));
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
add(layeredPane);
setBorder(new LineBorder(Color.BLUE, 10));
}
}
public class ForegroundPanel extends JPanel {
public ForegroundPanel() {
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 3));
buttonPanel.setOpaque(false);
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("UP"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("Left"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("Right"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
buttonPanel.add(new JButton("Down"));
buttonPanel.add(new JLabel());
FlowLayout flow = (FlowLayout) getLayout();
flow.setAlignment(FlowLayout.TRAILING);
flow.setHgap(0);
flow.setVgap(0);
add(buttonPanel);
setOpaque(false);
}
}
public class GroundPanel extends JPanel {
Image image = null;
public GroundPanel() {
try {
image = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/california.png"));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(LayeredPaneDemo.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
setOpaque(false);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, DIM_WIDTH, DIM_HEIGHT, this);
}
}
public class BackgroundPanel extends JPanel {
public BackgroundPanel() {
setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
setBackground(Color.WHITE);
try {
Image img = ImageIO.read(getClass().getResource("/resources/google.jpg"));
add(new JLabel(new ImageIcon(img)));
} catch (IOException ex) {
Logger.getLogger(LayeredPaneDemo.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
}
}
}
}
I got a problem with two problematics classes. One for drawing things, and other for implementing pan and zoom onto the previously drawn objects.
Imagine my interface as only two spitted panels, one empty(top) and one with a slider(bot):
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.JSplitPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.BoxLayout;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JSlider;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
public class Interface {
private JFrame mainFrame;
public static void main(String[] args) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {Interface window = new Interface();window.mainFrame.setVisible(true);
} catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace();}
}
});
}
public Interface() {initialize();}
private void initialize() {
mainFrame = new JFrame();
mainFrame.setTitle("LXView");
mainFrame.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(800, 600));
mainFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainFrame.setExtendedState(mainFrame.getExtendedState()| JFrame.MAXIMIZED_BOTH);
mainFrame.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.WHITE);
mainFrame.getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout(0, 0));
JSplitPane splitPane = new JSplitPane();
splitPane.setOrientation(JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT);
splitPane.setOneTouchExpandable(true);
splitPane.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
mainFrame.getContentPane().add(splitPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
splitPane.setResizeWeight(0.99);
JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane();
scrollPane.setEnabled(false);
splitPane.setLeftComponent(scrollPane);
Render topPane = new Render();
scrollPane.setViewportView(topPane);
topPane.setLayout(new BoxLayout(topPane, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
JPanel botPane = new JPanel();
splitPane.setRightComponent(botPane);
botPane.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER, 5, 5));
JLabel zoomLevel = new JLabel("Zoom level:");
botPane.add(zoomLevel);
JSlider slider = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL, 25, 100, 100);
slider.setMajorTickSpacing(15);
slider.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
slider.setPaintTicks(true);
slider.setPaintLabels(true);
slider.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600,40));
botPane.add(slider);
PanAndZoom zoomer=new PanAndZoom(topPane.getLabel());
slider.addChangeListener(zoomer);
}
The top panel uses the render class which was made to draw graphics. Simplifying:
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Render extends JPanel {
JLabel envContainer;
Render() {
super();
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon("/path/to/img1");
JLabel envContainer = new JLabel(imageIcon);
super.add(envContainer);
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
/*Render stuff*/
}
public JLabel getLabel() {
return envContainer;
}
}
And the third class which is giving me the trouble, listens on the slider and sets the JLabel icon according to it:
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JSlider;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ChangeListener;
public class PanAndZoom implements ChangeListener {
private JLabel label;
private BufferedImage image;
public PanAndZoom(JLabel lab){
this.label=lab;
try {
image = ImageIO.read(new File("/path/to/img1"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
label.setIcon(new ImageIcon("/path/to/img2"));//To test another img. It gives runtime errors.
}
public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) {
int value = ((JSlider) e.getSource()).getValue();
double scale = value / 100.0;
BufferedImage scaled = getScaledImage(scale); // It also gives runtime errors.
System.out.println("Scale:"+scale+" Value:"+value);
label.setIcon(new ImageIcon(scaled));
label.revalidate();
}
private BufferedImage getScaledImage(double scale) {
int w = (int) (scale * image.getWidth());
int h = (int) (scale * image.getHeight());
BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(w, h, image.getType());
Graphics2D g2 = bi.createGraphics();
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION,RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BICUBIC);
AffineTransform at = AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(scale, scale);
g2.drawRenderedImage(image, at);
g2.dispose();
return bi;
}
}
Why cant i use the JLabel if it was successfully returned by the getLabel method?
You're local version of envContainer in class Render's constructor is overriding the class instance envContainer.
public class Render extends JPanel {
JLabel envContainer; //<---- class instance
Render() {
super();
ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon("/path/to/img1");
JLabel envContainer = new JLabel(imageIcon); //<---- overriden by local instance, hence class instance remains null
super.add(envContainer);
}
My guess is that you didn't mean to make it a local version since you're not using it within the constructor for anything. Make the following change to your Render constructor.
Render() {
..
this.envContainer = new JLabel(imageIcon);
...
}
I made my own BottomBar with a simple gradient extending JComponent and adjusting the paintComponent() method.
Then I add it to the SOUTH of my JFrame which uses BorderLayout.
Everything looks correct at the beginning.
When I resize the frame the BottomBar gets repainted and set to the new position correctly. The think is, it happens a few milliseconds to late, so that one can see the JFrame 's background for a second.
The funny thing is, that when I set the execution environment to Java-SE 1.6 it works... (instead of 1.7)
Also, Im running it on a mac, if that makes a difference.
Code - JButton Example
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class Main {
public static void main(String args[]){
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Resize Example");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new JButton(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
}
Code - BottomBar Example
Main:
public class Main {
public static void main(String args[]){
Frame window = new Frame();
window.setSize(500, 400);
window.setVisible(true);
}
}
Frame:
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class Frame extends JFrame{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public Frame() {
setLayout( new BorderLayout() );
getContentPane().add( BorderLayout.SOUTH, new BottomBar() );
}
}
BottomBar
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GradientPaint;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
public class BottomBar extends JComponent {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public BottomBar() {
setSize(200, 30);
setPreferredSize( new Dimension(200, 30) );
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)g;
g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
GradientPaint gradient = new GradientPaint(0, 0, new Color(185, 185, 185), 0, getHeight() , new Color(151, 151, 151) );
g2.setPaint(gradient);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
g2.setColor( new Color(64, 64, 64) );
g2.drawLine(0, 0, getWidth(), 0);
g2.setColor( new Color(215, 215, 215) );
g2.drawLine(0, 1, getWidth(), 1);
}
}
I am unable to reproduce the effect you describe on 1.6; you might try the sscce below on 1.7. Note, several suggestions for your example:
Avoid setXxxxSize(), as discussed here. If you just want a 30 pixel high bar in SOUTH, override getPreferredSize() as shown below. If you later decide to add components, you'll need to add a layout manager.
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(0, 30);
}
Use pack() to let the Window adopt the preferred sizes of the enclosed components. I've added an arbitrary size JPanel to the CENTER; resize the frame to see how the bar grows horizontally in SOUTH.
Swing GUI objects should be constructed and manipulated only on the event dispatch thread.
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GradientPaint;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.RenderingHints;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
/** #see https://stackoverflow.com/a/13610367/230513 */
public class Main {
public static void main(String args[]) {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("BottomBar");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new JPanel() {
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(320, 240);
}
}, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.add(new BottomBar(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
private static class BottomBar extends JComponent {
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(0, 30);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
g2.setRenderingHint(
RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING,
RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
GradientPaint gradient = new GradientPaint(
0, 0, new Color(185, 185, 185),
0, getHeight(), new Color(151, 151, 151));
g2.setPaint(gradient);
g2.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
g2.setColor(new Color(64, 64, 64));
g2.drawLine(0, 0, getWidth(), 0);
g2.setColor(new Color(215, 215, 215));
g2.drawLine(0, 1, getWidth(), 1);
}
}
}
I'm French so my English is quite bad but I have a real problem with java:
I'm trying to show an Image built manually with some fillRect & co.
It works. Next, I want to update this image as a function of the text I enter in the text field. And there is the problem: it doesn't change anything, and if I manually rescale the window of the JFrame, the image shows totally deformed or scaled badly.
I'm a beginner and I have difficulties with GUI, moreso when I want to couple it with Images.
Can you help me? Why doesn't it work as I want? This is my code below, a bit long but actually quite simple ! Thanks :)
I've changed it a bit, this is the 2e VERSION.
Now the problem s that I can't change a condition in order to modify the color of a simple rectangle, try "lol" in the entry field !
CODE VERSION 2
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.text.ParseException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
public class Fenetre extends JFrame {
private JFrame frame;
private JPanel container = new JPanel();
private JTextField jtf;
private JLabel label = new JLabel("Commandes ");
private JButton b = new JButton ("OK");
private Graphics graph;
private Image img;
private JLabel screen;
private boolean color;
/**
* Constructeur de l'objet
*/
public Fenetre(){
color = true;
frame = new JFrame();
frame.setTitle("Animation");
frame.setSize(1000, 400);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
container.setBackground(Color.white);
container.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel top = new JPanel();
jtf = new JTextField();
jtf.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 30));
b.addActionListener(new BoutonListener());
frame.setContentPane(top);
frame.setVisible(true);
paintComponent(graph);
screen = new JLabel( new ImageIcon(img));
top.add(screen);
top.add(label);
top.add(jtf);
top.add(b);
frame.setContentPane(top);
}
class BoutonListener implements ActionListener{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if(jtf.getText().equals("lol")) lol();
System.out.println("Entry : " + jtf.getText());
}
}
public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
{
if(img == null) {
img = frame.createImage(1000,300);
g = img.getGraphics();
}
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(0,0,1000,300);
if(color) g.setColor(Color.orange); else g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(8,25,200,100);
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.drawString("Text",10,10);
}
public void lol()
{
if(color) color = false; else color = true;
}
}
PREVIOUS CODE
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.text.ParseException;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
public class Fenetre extends JFrame {
private JPanel container = new JPanel();
private JTextField jtf;
private JLabel label = new JLabel("Commandes ");
private JButton b = new JButton ("OK");
private Graphics g;
private Image img;
private JLabel screen;
/**
* Constructeur de l'objet
*/
public Fenetre(){
this.setTitle("Animation");
this.setSize(1000, 400);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
container.setBackground(Color.white);
container.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel top = new JPanel();
jtf = new JTextField();
jtf.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 30));
b.addActionListener(new BoutonListener());
this.setContentPane(top);
this.setVisible(true);
paint(g);
screen = new JLabel( new ImageIcon(img));
top.add(screen);
top.add(label);
top.add(jtf);
top.add(b);
this.setContentPane(top);
}
class BoutonListener implements ActionListener{
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("Entry : " + jtf.getText());
if(jtf.getText().equals("lol")) lol();
}
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
if(img == null) {
img = createImage(1000,300);
g = img.getGraphics();
}
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(0,0,1000,300);
g.setColor(Color.orange);
g.fillRect(8,25,200,100);
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.drawString("Text",10,10);
}
#Override
public void update(Graphics g)
{
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(8,25,300,100);
}
public void lol()
{
g.setColor(Color.blue);
g.fillRect(8,25,200,100);
}
}
I see several problems in your code:
You are confusing your g member variable with the g parameter of the paint method. When lol is called, g is null and you get a NullPointerException
You should never grab a hold on Graphics (only in really rare cases). Instead you override properly paintComponent() and you use the Graphics parameter to draw what you want. When you want to update the component, you call repaint()
Don't override paint, but override paintComponent()
Don't override paint of JFrame. Use a dedicate component for that. No need to use a JLabel for that, a simple JComponent is enough.
Don't extend JFrame if you are not extending its functionality.
After adding components to the component hierarchy, call revalidate()
Fix those issues and come back with another question if you still have problems.
You should probably consider reading this tutorial and the few next steps. It will show you basic examples of things similar to what you are trying to do.
EDIT:
I took your V2 code and patched it as I could. This is very far from perfect but you should get the gist of how you can do this:
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
public class Fenetre extends JComponent {
private boolean color;
/**
* Constructeur de l'objet
*/
public Fenetre() {
color = true;
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1000, 300));
}
#Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 1000, 300);
if (color) {
g.setColor(Color.orange);
} else {
g.setColor(Color.blue);
}
g.fillRect(8, 25, 200, 100);
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.drawString("Text", 10, 10);
}
public void lol() {
if (color) {
color = false;
} else {
color = true;
}
repaint();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
initUI();
}
});
}
protected static void initUI() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setTitle("Animation");
frame.setSize(1000, 400);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
JPanel container = new JPanel();
final JTextField jtf = new JTextField();
final Fenetre fenetre = new Fenetre();
JLabel label = new JLabel("Commandes ");
JButton b = new JButton("OK");
container.setBackground(Color.white);
container.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel top = new JPanel();
jtf.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 30));
class BoutonListener implements ActionListener {
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (jtf.getText().equals("lol")) {
fenetre.lol();
}
System.out.println("Entry : " + jtf.getText());
}
}
b.addActionListener(new BoutonListener());
top.add(fenetre);
top.add(label);
top.add(jtf);
top.add(b);
top.revalidate();
frame.setContentPane(top);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
Your Swing graphics programming has several significant problems, and I urge you to go through the tutorials to learn how to do this better. For example, you are
calling the paint method directly -- something you should almost never do except in very special situations (this is not one of them)
Drawing directly in the JFrame's paint(...) method. Instead you will want to draw in the paintComponent(...) method override of a class derived from JComponent such as JPanel.
Calling update unnecessarily as if this were an AWT program. You don't do this in Swing unless you're changing the Look & Feel.
Again, take a look at the tutorials on this -- you will not regret doing this, trust me.
edit -- too slow! 1+ to Guillaume