I have since 3 months problems with my javafx application, the problem is that I can't build my javafx application. When I build this error occurs:
Error: Java FX Packager: Can not build artifact - fx: deploy is not available in this JDK
I am using Java SE 14.0.1.
My steps:
create JavaFX
add Java SE 14.0.1 as JDK
add artifact
build
How can I fix the error? I want my javafx application to be runnable on mac, windows and linux.
Is there a way to do this?
This error message is pretty clear, isn't it? The old Java FX Packager does not exist anymore. The new tool to use is "jpackage" which is part of JDK 14. In order to create a platform specific executable image you have to specify --type app-image.
https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/14/docs/specs/man/jpackage.html
And here is even a tutorial project with complete code which I co-authored. Have a look at: https://github.com/dlemmermann/JPackageScriptFX
When I open a new directory in intelliJ and create a HelloWorld.java, it asks me to define a Project SDK, and it gives me two options
1.8 (java version "1.8.0_211")
JDK_1.8.0 (java version "1.8.0_202")
One has a bunch of contents: /library/java/jvm/jdk1.8.0_211.jdk/contents/home/jre/....
The other has /Applications/IntelliJ IDEA.app/contents/home/jre/...
Are they the same?
I think the two are too similar for google to return valuable results
You should not use the bundled JetBrains Runtime as your project SDK, it's recommended to use your system JDK to build and run the apps you are developing.
I am a beginner programmer and now I want to start GUI applications in java.(as I previously worked on java too). I started reading some books on FX but its not compiling on JDK11 .. Do I need to use jdk8 or is there any way i can do it on jdk11 too?
JavaFX has become unbundled from JDK11 (both Oracle's official JDK and OpenJDK). In order to use JavaFX with JDK11, you'll have to download the standalone JavaFX11 runtime.
I have some trouble with JavaFX. I wanted to start creating apps, desktop or mobile, at least something. So I found out I could use the JavaFX library for it. But as far as I understood, it was excluded from JDK 9. I'm actually using OpenJDK 11 on Ubuntu 18 (though Eclipse writes I have the JavaSE 10 environment, that is where I'm also a bit confused) and I installed OpenJFX using sudo apt install openjfx and I can't make Eclipse work with JavaFX.
I'm not sure if there's any sense not to use JDK 8 with the included JavaFX, but anyway, how can I use JavaFX in such conditions in Eclipse?
There are multiple points in your post which needs clarification. I will try to answer them in different bullet points:
But as far as I understood, it(JavaFX) was excluded from JDK 9.
JavaFX will be decoupled from Oracle JDK starting JDK 11. I stress on Oracle JDK because JavaFX was never a part of OpenJDK. Not even in OpenJDK 8.
I'm actually using OpenJDK 11 on Ubuntu 18 (Though eclipse writes I have JavaSE 10 environment, that is where I'm also a bit confused)
For Java 11 support in Eclipse, you need to install
Java 11 Support for Eclipse Photon plugin.
Here are a few Examples on how to run Java 11 applications in Eclipse
I installed openjfx using sudo apt install openjfx and I can't make eclipse work with JavaFX.
I'm not sure if there's any sense not to use JDK 8 with included JavaFX, but anyway, how can I use JavaFX in such conditions in eclipse?
Since OpenJDK 11 or Oracle JDK 11 will not come bundled with JavaFX, your best bet is to either download the JavaFX SDK from here or here and load them in your IDE.
If you are used to build tools, you can directly use the JavaFX runtime jars which are available in Maven Central.
For a tutorial on how to run JavaFX 11 on OpenJDK 11, you can follow:
Getting Started with JavaFX 11
JavaFX on JDK 11
JavaFX 11 and Eclipse
At the time of writing this post, you need Eclipse 4.9M3 to work with JavaFX 11.
Once you have eclipse, JDK 11 and JavaFX 11 SDK, you can either opt to create:
Module based project
Non-module based project (No module-info.java required)
Module based Project
Create a Java project and add JavaFX jars from the Java FX 11 SDK to the module path of the project.
Create a module.info and declare its dependency of javafx.controls module. javafx11 is the name of the package which contains your Java file.
module javafx11 {
requires javafx.controls;
exports javafx11;
}
Run the program \o/
Non-module based Project
Create a Java project and add JavaFX jars from the Java FX 11 SDK to either the module-path or classpath of the project.
Add the following JVM args to the run configuration of the project:
--module-path=path-to-javafx-skd/lib --add-modules=javafx.controls
Run the program \o/
tl;dr
To most easily get started with JavaFX, use the Oracle-branded release of Java 8 where JavaFX 8 is bundled and easily available.
For technical details, see Using JavaFX in JRE 8. Look to the Linked and Related sections of the web page for many related postings.
Java Modularization
The Java platform is in the process of a sweeping reformulation, known as modularization.
Previously, Java SE (standard edition) was one big monolith of software, ever-growing with more and more being added. No single app ever uses all of it.
A decision was taken to break Java SE into many separate chunks to be defined formally as “modules”. One major benefit is that an app may be bundled with a Java SE runtime composed of only the modules actually needed, with unused modules omitted. See the jlink tool.
As a byproduct of this modularization, some older and less-popular parts such as CORBA are being dropped, to no longer be carried as a standard part of Java (though offered for other parties to pick up if they so decide). Similarly, some Java EE related modules will be removed from Java SE and turned over to the Jakarta EE project, logically a more appropriate home. See JEP 320: Remove the Java EE and CORBA Modules.
The process of modularization and reorganization is a years-long ongoing effort. Much was done in Java 9 and Java 10. Some of the final steps are being done in Java 11.
One of these steps being taken in Java 11 is to cease bundling JavaFX with Java SE. See:
The Future work section of the JavaFX Wikipedia page
The 2018-03 Oracle blog post, The Future of JavaFX and Other Java Client Roadmap Updates
The 2018-03 Oracle white paper, Java Client Roadmap Update
The curse, May you live in interesting times
So getting started with JavaFX development right now will be easiest if done with Java 8. The JavaFX libraries are bundled in with Java 8. And you need not learn about modularization, nor need to wrestle your IDE (such as Eclipse) and project settings to recognize modules. If you do not have a pressing need to use the very last versions of Java or JavaFX, stick with 8 until the modularization process and tools gets smoothed out, likely next year 2019.
If you insist on using Java 11, you need to learn about:
Java modularization in general, including the module-info.java file.
Updating your IDE (Eclipse, etc.) and other tools to later versions supporting both modularization and Java 11.
Configuring modules in your build tools, such as Maven or Gradle
Configuring modules in your IDE, such as Eclipse
Downloading JavaFX modules, or using a dependency manager such as Maven to do so
Those points are too much to cover here, and have been covered in many other Questions on Stack Overflow. Besides, Java 11 has not yet been formally released.
Perhaps this article will help, How to Create a Project With JavaFX on JDK 11.
To learn much more about Java modularization, read the blog and the book, The Java Module System, by Nicolai Parlog.
I've had to struggle through this on about 20 computers now, so I made the following checklist:
[ ] download javafx11 from javafx11's website, put on desktop
[ ] create a MODULE based project
[ ] right click project, go to BUILD PATH
[ ] add the downloaded javafx.base/control/graphics as external jar files
[ ] put the files in a package (eg: my_big_package)
[ ] put the following in the module.java file:
module javafx11 {
requires javafx.controls;
exports my_big_package;
}
[ ] eat a donut from the break room
If you're not married to Eclipse and/or just trying to learn (or are a student with an unhelpful professor/TAs), BlueJ currently has JavaFX already built into it and ready to go, so no extra setup or download is necessary. Neat!
I have multiple questions regarding JavaFX.
Does JavaFX come with JDK 8? Does JavaFX also require its own runtime environment?
I looked in my computer (I have JDK and JRE installed) but could not find the JavaFX. Does this mean that JavaFX has its own seperate runtime environment and development kit? If so, where can I find the download links?
If somehow it is already downloaded on my computer, how does JavaFX work? Is it similar to Swing or completely different?
Edit Jan 2020 for those who stumble upon this question: With JDK 11, JavaFX is standalone; see jewelsea's answer below. Antonio Raposo's answer applies for JDK 8, but note that it is outdated.
JavaFX is bundled with JRE 8 and JDK 8. The JavaFX jar is jfxrt.jar and resides in the ext folder.
To deploy an application the only requisite is that the JRE 8 is properly installed.
There are similarities between JavaFX and Swing, but also differences. The best way to start is by reading the documentation available at the JDK site. Be careful to read JavaFX 8 pages and not JavaFX 2 pages as there are some differences and some old examples might not work.
You may also be interestes in one or other example I am posting in my blog A Cup of Java
Update Jan 2020
JDK 8 versions of JavaFX are now outdated.
Modern JavaFX versions (11+) are currently available from:
https://openjfx.io/ - documentation
https://gluonhq.com/products/javafx/ - hosted downloads
JavaFX libraries are usually not shipped standard with most OpenJDK or Oracle JDK versions. Instead JavaFX is available as a seperate set of libraries, modules and a SDK. Instructions on including JavaFX with your runtime distribution and developing with JavaFX are included at the openjfx.io link above.
Liberica JDK distributions by BellSoft currently ship with included JavaFX libraries and SDK tools. Or you can choose an OpenJDK version which does not include JavaFX from https://adoptopenjdk.net/ and add on a JavaFX distribution via following installation instructions at https://openjfx.io/ or as a maven or gradle dependency (also documented at the openjfx.io link).
JavaFX 8 tutorials hosted at Oracle are high quality and still relevant for use with later JavaFX versions.
Original Answer for JDK 8
JavaFX for Oracle Java 8 is not a separate installation. JavaFX is included in Oracle JDK 8 running on OS X, Linux x86 and Windows. The best place to learn more about this is the Oracle Client Technologies documentation for JavaFX.
Oracle used to distribute a binary version for Linux ARM as well, but I think that is only available by compiling the OpenJDK source now.
OpenJDK 8 binary installations, such as those which ship with Ubuntu, don't currently include JavaFX by default. For Ubuntu, it seems you can install a separate apt package for JavaFX. A user commented on another answer that the command for this is: sudo apt-get install openjfx (though I haven't an installation of Ubuntu to try it on). For more information on the relationship of OpenJDK and JavaFX, read: JavaFX and OpenJDK.
One thing that may be confusing you is that a very early version of JavaFX (1.x) was distributed as a separate download and development kit and implemented a new language called JavaFX Script which was different from Java. However, that early version of JavaFX is now no longer supported and should not be used. As of JavaFX (2.x) the JavaFX system was completely rewritten to provide a straight Java API and no longer use JavaFX Script. As of Java 8, JavaFX was completely integrated into Oracle JDK and no longer distributed as a separate download by Oracle. Being a Java API for Java GUIs that is part of the Oracle JDK, JavaFX is similar (in that way) to Swing; so the Oracle JDK provides alternate and distinct toolkits in the form of Swing and JavaFX.