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java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "protoc": CreateProcess error=2

i'm trying to develop an app on flutter. My code in the app\ .gradle is:
apply plugin: 'com.google.protobuf'
def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
localProperties.load(reader)
}
}
def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
throw new FileNotFoundException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}
def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
flutterVersionCode = '1'
}
def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"
android {
compileSdkVersion 32
sourceSets {
main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin'
}
lintOptions {
disable 'InvalidPackage'
}
defaultConfig {
// TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
applicationId "com.example.my_firstapp"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 32
versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
versionName flutterVersionName
multiDexEnabled true
}
buildTypes {
release {
// TODO: Add your own signing config for the release build.
// Signing with the debug keys for now, so `flutter run --release` works.
signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
}
}
}
flutter {
source '../..'
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-analytics:20.1.2'
api 'com.google.firebase:firebase-ml-vision-image-label-model:20.0.2'
implementation 'io.grpc:grpc-protobuf-lite:1.45.1'
}
However it returns me the error:
**Execution failed for task ':app:generateDebugProto'.java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "protoc": CreateProcess error=2 **
What should i do? I've also added classpath in android\ .gradle.

android studio: FAILURE: Build failed with an exception

I am trying to build a flutter app I get so many problems while building it and found a solutions for all of them but now I am stuck since the morning with this one:
> Task :firebase_auth:generateDebugRFile FAILED
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':firebase_auth:generateDebugRFile'.
> Could not resolve all files for configuration ':firebase_auth:debugCompileClasspath'.
> Could not find browser-1.0.0.aar (androidx.browser:browser:1.0.0).
Searched in the following locations:
https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/androidx/browser/browser/1.0.0/browser-1.0.0.aar
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
Deprecated Gradle features were used in this build, making it incompatible with Gradle 7.0.
Use '--warning-mode all' to show the individual deprecation warnings.
See https://docs.gradle.org/6.7/userguide/command_line_interface.html#sec:command_line_warnings
BUILD FAILED in 37s
my project build.gradle:
buildscript {
ext.kotlin_version = '1.5.31'
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
maven {
url 'http://storage.googleapis.com/r8-releases/raw'
}
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools:r8:2.1.75'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.2'
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1.0'
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
}
rootProject.buildDir = '../build'
subprojects {
project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
}
subprojects {
project.evaluationDependsOn(':app')
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
my app build.gradle:
buildscript {
repositories {
// ...
maven { url 'https://plugins.gradle.org/m2/' } // Gradle Plugin Portal
}
dependencies {
// ...
// OneSignal-Gradle-Plugin
classpath 'gradle.plugin.com.onesignal:onesignal-gradle-plugin:[0.12.6, 0.99.99]'
}
}
apply plugin: 'com.onesignal.androidsdk.onesignal-gradle-plugin'
def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
localProperties.load(reader)
}
}
def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
throw new GradleException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}
def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
flutterVersionCode = '1'
}
def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"
def keystoreProperties = new Properties()
def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file('key.properties')
if (keystorePropertiesFile.exists()) {
keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile))
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
sourceSets {
main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin'
}
lintOptions {
disable 'InvalidPackage'
checkReleaseBuilds false
}
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.inspireui.fluxstore"
minSdkVersion 20
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
versionName flutterVersionName
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
multiDexEnabled true
resConfigs "en"
manifestPlaceholders = [
onesignal_app_id: 'PUT_YOUR_ONESIGNAL_APP_ID_HERE',
// Project number pulled from dashboard, local value is ignored.
onesignal_google_project_number: 'REMOTE'
]
}
signingConfigs {
release {
keyAlias keystoreProperties['keyAlias']
keyPassword keystoreProperties['keyPassword']
storeFile file(keystoreProperties['storeFile'])
storePassword keystoreProperties['storePassword']
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
// Signing with the debug keys for now, so `flutter run --release` works.
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
debug {
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
}
}
}
flutter {
source '../..'
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.1.1'
implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3'
implementation 'androidx.browser:browser:1.3.0'
// For checking GMS availability.
implementation "com.google.android.gms:play-services-base:17.6.0"
// Fix duplicate exoplayer
implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer:2.14.1'
}
googleServices { disableVersionCheck = true }
//Fix android-r issue
subprojects {
project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
project.evaluationDependsOn(':app')
afterEvaluate {project ->
if (project.hasProperty("android") && project.property("android").compileSdkVersion.equals("android-R")) {
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
}
}
}
}
gradle.propertis:
org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx1536M
android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true
Solutions I tried:
invalidate cache and restart
flutter clean && flutter pub get
gradlew clean && gradlew build
delete the %USER%/.android and %USER%/.gradle and delete every thing related to android studio and reinstalled it
use a VPN ( tried 3 )
but unfortunatly, nothing helped me
for further info: I am building fluxstore app

I still think its a connection issue . is maven google available in your browser with no VPN ?
if no then here is a old solution of mine , on how to configure gradle to use you VPN properly . Because you need to tell gradle to send request over VPN using gradle.properties file .

Execution failed for task ':rtmp_publisher:compileReleaseKotlin'

When compiling project(build apk) it returns error:
e: C:\Users\1\FlutterSDK\flutter\.pub-cache\hosted\pub.dartlang.org\rtmp_publisher-0.3.7\android\src\main\kotlin\com\app\rtmp_publisher\Camera.kt: (634, 49): Unresolved reference: startStream
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':rtmp_publisher:compileReleaseKotlin'.
> Compilation error. See log for more details
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
Version Kotlin is relevant
Gradle file android\build.gradle:
buildscript {
ext.kotlin_version = '1.5.10'
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.2.0'
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"
classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-android-extensions:$kotlin_version"
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
}
rootProject.buildDir = '../build'
subprojects {
project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
}
subprojects {
project.evaluationDependsOn(':app')
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
Gradle file android\app\build.gradle:
def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
localProperties.load(reader)
}
}
def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
throw new FileNotFoundException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}
def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
flutterVersionCode = '1'
}
def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"
def keystoreProperties = new Properties()
def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file('key.properties')
if (keystorePropertiesFile.exists()) {
keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile))
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30 // was 28
// added for rtmp
packagingOptions {
exclude 'project.clj'
}
sourceSets {
main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin'
}
lintOptions {
disable 'InvalidPackage'
}
defaultConfig {
// TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
applicationId "youinroll.com"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
versionName flutterVersionName
versionCode 3
}
signingConfigs {
release {
keyAlias keystoreProperties['keyAlias']
keyPassword keystoreProperties['keyPassword']
storeFile keystoreProperties['storeFile'] ? file(keystoreProperties['storeFile']) : null
storePassword keystoreProperties['storePassword']
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
shrinkResources false
minifyEnabled false
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
maven{url "https://storage.googleapis.com/download.flutter.io"}
}
}
}
flutter {
source '../..'
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
}
The application has broadcast using the phone-camera, the problem is in it.
Apparently problem is in connectimg java and kotlin.
Updating and deleting flutter/gradle perfomed.

I faced this exact same issue after upgrading the project and gradle settings.
I managed to fix this by reducing kotlin version to
ext.kotlin_version = '1.3.50'
This started giving code compiling issue, for this, I removed this line from build.gradle file
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"

Could not GET 'https://google.bintray.com/.../maven-metadata.xml'. Received status code 403 from server: Forbidden

when I try to build my flutter application I faced is problem:
Could not determine the dependencies of task
':app:compileDebugJavaWithJavac'.
Could not resolve all task dependencies for configuration ':app:debugCompileClasspath'.
Could not resolve com.google.android.gms:play-services-location:16.+.
Required by:
project :app > project :location
> Failed to list versions for com.google.android.gms:play-services-location.
> Unable to load Maven meta-data from https://google.bintray.com/exoplayer/com/google/android/gms/play-services-location/maven-metadata.xml.
> Could not get resource 'https://google.bintray.com/exoplayer/com/google/android/gms/play-services-location/maven-metadata.xml'.
> Could not GET 'https://google.bintray.com/exoplayer/com/google/android/gms/play-services-location/maven-metadata.xml'.
Received status code 403 from server: Forbidden
I have tried everything but nothing works:
1- I have a stable internet connection
2- I have tried updating or downgrading com.android.tools.build:gradle version
3- I have tried cleaning caches
4- I have tried removing all firebase libraries
5- I replaced JCentre() with mavenCentral()
There is my android -> build.gradle file:
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.6.2'
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
}
}
rootProject.buildDir = '../build'
subprojects {
project.buildDir = "${rootProject.buildDir}/${project.name}"
}
subprojects {
project.evaluationDependsOn(':app')
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
and here is my android build.gradle file:
def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
localProperties.load(reader)
}
}
def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
throw new GradleException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}
def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
flutterVersionCode = '1'
}
def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
flutterVersionName = '1.0'
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"
def keystoreProperties = new Properties()
def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file('key.properties')
if (keystorePropertiesFile.exists()) {
keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile))
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
lintOptions {
disable 'InvalidPackage'
}
defaultConfig {
applicationId "io.bujupah.hestia"
minSdkVersion 17
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
versionName flutterVersionName
multiDexEnabled true
}
signingConfigs {
release {
keyAlias keystoreProperties['keyAlias']
keyPassword keystoreProperties['keyPassword']
storeFile keystoreProperties['storeFile'] ? file(keystoreProperties['storeFile']) : null
storePassword keystoreProperties['storePassword']
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
}
}
}
flutter {
source '../..'
}
dependencies {
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-auth:16.0.1'
testImplementation'junit:junit:4.12'
testImplementation 'org.mockito:mockito-core:2.17.0'
implementation 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.3'
}
finally my flutter doctor result:
[√] Flutter (Channel unknown, 2.0.0, on Microsoft Windows [version
10.0.19042.1052], locale fr-TN) [√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 30.0.1) [√] Chrome - develop for
the web [√] Android Studio (version 4.0) [√] VS Code (version 1.57.1)
[√] Connected device (3 available)
• No issues found!

After trying everything that I found on Google. It took me almost 3 days. I finally found a workaround for me:
Upgrade your gradle to the latest version. In android/build.gradle file:
I edited classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.6.3'
to classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.2.0'
And in android/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.properties file:
I edited distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-5.6.4-all.zip
to distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-6.7.1-all.zip
My project is working again.

One of the reasons is that you entered the Gradle Plugin Version incorrectly or such classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.1+' (with + ), so the problem occurs.

Error when building signed apk for flutter (malformed)

I am getting this error in the terminal, I am looking to release the app in internal testing mode on play store, when i was building it in degub mode it was fine, but play store doesn't accept releases in debug mode, so I change configuration and signed the app to build in release mode
PS C:\Users\Ahmed\mobile-app> flutter build apk
Building without sound null safety
For more information see https://dart.dev/null-safety/unsound-null-safety
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* Where:
Build file 'C:\Users\Ahmed\mobile-app\android\app\build.gradle' line: 31
* What went wrong:
A problem occurred evaluating project ':app'.
> Malformed \uxxxx encoding.
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.
* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org
BUILD FAILED in 2s
Running Gradle task 'assembleRelease'...
Running Gradle task 'assembleRelease'... Done 3.5s
Gradle task assembleRelease failed with exit code 1
This is my build.gradle file
def localProperties = new Properties()
def localPropertiesFile = rootProject.file('local.properties')
if (localPropertiesFile.exists()) {
localPropertiesFile.withReader('UTF-8') { reader ->
localProperties.load(reader)
}
}
def flutterRoot = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.sdk')
if (flutterRoot == null) {
throw new GradleException("Flutter SDK not found. Define location with flutter.sdk in the local.properties file.")
}
def flutterVersionCode = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionCode')
if (flutterVersionCode == null) {
flutterVersionCode = '2'
}
def flutterVersionName = localProperties.getProperty('flutter.versionName')
if (flutterVersionName == null) {
flutterVersionName = '1.0.2'
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'
apply from: "$flutterRoot/packages/flutter_tools/gradle/flutter.gradle"
def keystoreProperties = new Properties()
def keystorePropertiesFile = rootProject.file('key.properties')
if (keystorePropertiesFile.exists()) {
keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(keystorePropertiesFile))
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
sourceSets {
main.java.srcDirs += 'src/main/kotlin'
}
defaultConfig {
// TODO: Specify your own unique Application ID (https://developer.android.com/studio/build/application-id.html).
applicationId "com.mylo.donation_yoga"
minSdkVersion 29
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode flutterVersionCode.toInteger()
versionName flutterVersionName
}
signingConfigs {
release {
keyAlias keystoreProperties['keyAlias']
keyPassword keystoreProperties['keyPassword']
storeFile keystoreProperties['storeFile'] ? file(keystoreProperties['storeFile']) : null
storePassword keystoreProperties['storePassword']
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
}
}
}
flutter {
source '../..'
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
}

I think something is wrong with your "keystorePropertiesFile". You need to check the file path of the Keystore file in it.
For Example, Replace all the backslash with the forward-slash and it should work because as you told the problem comes only when you do the release so it has to be something wrong in the "keystorePropertiesFile".